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2014年高考英语总复习专项专练:情态动词和虚拟语气(人教版_含2013模拟解析)

2014年高考英语总复习专项专练:情态动词和虚拟语气(人教版_含2013模拟解析)
2014年高考英语总复习专项专练:情态动词和虚拟语气(人教版_含2013模拟解析)

情态动词和虚拟语气

高考真题

1.(2012·江苏高考)—Happy birthday!

—Thank you! It's the best present I ________ for.

A.should have wished B.must have wished

C.may have wished D.could have wished

解析:should have done意为“本应该做”;must have done意为“一定做过”;may have done意为“可能做过”;could have done意为“本能够做,本可以做”。根据句意判断应选D项,表示“这是我能够希望得到的最好的礼物”。

答案:D

2.(2012·陕西高考)I________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

A.won't B.can't

C.can D.will

解析:句意:在我们不在家期间,你对我儿子的帮助我感激不尽。can not或can never与too much连用表示“再……也不过分”。故选B项。

答案:B

3.(2012·全国Ⅱ)I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money.

A.can B.might

C.would D.need

解析:can“能够”;might“可能”;would“愿意”;need“需要”。

句意:如果我能找到那笔钱,我打算和约翰一起去欧洲度假。故选A项。

答案:A

4.(2012·江苏高考)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was.

A.mustn't B.shouldn't

C.wouldn't D.mightn't

解析:mustn't意为“禁止,绝对不可”;shouldn't意为“不应该”;wouldn't意为“不愿意,不想”;mightn't意为“可能不,也许不”。句意:几天后,我弟弟打电话说他很好,但是就是不说他在哪里。

答案:C

5.(2012·辽宁高考)One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.

A.might B.could

C.shall D.will

解析:句意:我们有一项规定,每位学生在校期间都要穿校服。此处shall表示按照法律、条文、规定必须要做的事情。其他选择项均无此用法。

答案:C

6.(2012·浙江高考)I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or ________ his job.

A.quits B.to quit

C.quitting D.quit

解析:该句中出现了either...or...这个并列结构,either后面是动词原形study,or后面也应该是动词原形quit,故选择D项。

答案:D

7.(2012·江西高考)We________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.

A.may not B.needn't

C.can't D.mustn't

解析:句意:既然苏西不与我们一起吃晚饭,我们原本不必买那么多食物。needn't have done表示原本不必要做某事,但事实上已经做了。

答案:B

8.(2012·课标全国)I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A.couldn't B.mustn't

C.shouldn't D.needn't

解析:A项意为“不能够,不可以”;B项意为“禁止,绝对不可”;C项意为“不应该”;D项意为“不必,不需要”。根据句意判断应选D项,句意:我没有必要使用闹钟把我叫醒,因为每天早晨六点钟火车都要从我的房子旁边经过。

答案:D

9.(2012·天津高考) It's quite warm here; we ________ turn the heating on yet.

A.couldn't B.mustn't

C.needn't D.wouldn't

解析:句意:这里现在很暖和,我们还没有必要打开供暖设备。couldn't 不能;mustn't禁止,不许;needn't不必;wouldn't不愿,不想。

答案:C

10.(2012·重庆高考)—________ you interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone?

—Sorry Sir, but it's urgent.

A.Can B.Should

C.Must D.Would

解析:由第一句可知说话者正忙着,不满意对方的打搅,must表示与说话者主观愿望相反或表示一种不耐烦的情绪,常译成“偏要,偏偏”。can表示可能性;should表示应该;would表示将要,要,都不符合题意。句意:——你现在偏要打搅我,难道你没看见我正在打电话吗?——对不起,先生。但是有急事。故选C项。

答案:C

11.(2012·四川高考)I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao,”just as I ________ do in China.

A.must B.might

C.can D.should

解析:might表示可能性。句意:我走近了,听见他们在说汉语。然后我就以在中国可能的打招呼方式说了声“你好”。must“必须,偏要”,can“能够,可能”,should“应该”,均不符合句意。

答案:B

12.(2012·安徽高考)Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.

A.lives B.would live

C.has lived D.were to live

解析:句意:格雷斯不想搬到纽约去,因为她认为如果她住在那儿的话,就不能经常见到她的父母了。由句意可知,这是对将来事情的虚拟。

故主句中要用“would+动词原形”,条件句中可以用were to do,一般过去时态或者should+do。所以只有D项符合题意。

答案:D

13.(2012·北京高考)We ________ the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?

A.should face B.might face

C.could have faced D.must have faced

解析:句意:“我们本可以一起面对困难的,但是你为什么不告诉我?”could have done sth.“本可以做某事”;should do sth.“应该做某事”;might do sth.“可能做某事”;must have done sth.“一定做某事”,表推测根据句意可知选C项。

答案:C

14.(2012·北京高考)Don't handle the vase as if it ________ made of steel.

A.is B.were

C.has been D.had been

解析:as if条件句用虚拟语气表示与现在的事实相反。句意:“不要对待那个花瓶像它是由钢制成似的。”

答案:B

15.(2012·福建高考)We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ________ more places of interest yesterday.

A.visited B.had visited

C.would visit D.would have visited

解析:由句子中的“我们在那个小村庄里迷了路”与otherwise可想

到本题考查对过去事情的虚拟语气;otherwise等于if we hadn't lost our way in that small village,因此其主句应用“would have done”的形式,故答案为D项。

答案:D

16.(2012·湖南高考)Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.

A.have had B.had had

C.have D.had

解析:句意:很抱歉,我现在很忙。要是我有时间,一定会与你去远足的。根据句意可知,此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,条件句中的谓语动词要用过去式。故D项正确。

答案:D

17.(2012·辽宁高考)Jack is a great talker. It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.

A.will do B.has done

C.do D.did

解析:句意:杰克是个空谈家。到了他做点事而不是夸夸其谈的时候了。it is high time从句中要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词多用一般过去时,或是should+动词原形,should不能省略。故只有D项正确。

答案:D

18.(2012·山东高考)If we ________ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.

A.haven't made B.wouldn't make

C.didn't make D.hadn't made

解析:在if引导的条件虚拟句中,与过去情况相反的条件句用had done的形式,主句为情态动词+have done。句意:如果我们没有做好充分的准备,会议也就不会那么顺利。故选D项。

答案:D

19.(2012·陕西高考)If my car________more reliable,I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

A.was B.had been

C.should be D.would be

解析:根据would have driven可知是与过去的事实相反,故if条件句用过去完成时。句意:如果我的车子再可靠一点的话,我就会开车而不是乘飞机去拉萨了。

答案:B

20.(2012·天津高考)We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ________ us a ride home.

A.didn't offer B.wouldn't offer

C.hasn't offered D.hadn't offered

解析:句意:昨天,如果不是哈罗德让我们搭他的车回家,我们就叫辆出租车了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,条件句的谓语动词用过去完成时。

答案:D

模拟精选

1.(2013·江西名校联考)—I'm going to Tibet for some days.

—Really? How I wish I ________ get away for a while.

A.must B.shall

C.could D.need

解析:I wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反用一般过去时。

答案:C

2.(2013·山东莘州中学月考)—John went to the hospital

alone.

—If he ________ me about it, I would have gone with him.

A.should tell B.tells

C.told D.had told

解析:虚拟条件句表示与过去事实相反时,条件句用过去完成时,主句用would have done。

答案:D

3.(2013·四川绵阳中学月考)They ________ have got lost, or had an accident.

A.can B.might

C.must D.mustn't

解析:might表示推测,意为“也许”。

答案:B

4.(2013·河北保定一中模拟)The boy__________be really annoying at times,but after a while,you'll get used to him.

A.must B.should

C.shall D.can

解析:根据句意“那个男孩有时候真的让人恼火,但是过一会儿,你就会习惯的”可知,此处应用can,表示“偶然发生的可能性”。故选D

项。

答案:D

5.(2013·合肥第一次质检)—Come to supper with us,Peter.

—Great! I________bring a bottle of wine.

A.will B.can

C.may D.must

解析:此处will表示的是说话人的主观意愿,意为“愿,要”。

答案:A

6.(2013·山东潍坊、东营、淄博、滨州四市联考)It________have been she who left her child alone; she isn't such a person.

A.couldn't B.mustn't

C.mightn't D.wouldn't

解析:句意:不可能是她让孩子独自呆着,她不是这样的人。根据语意可知此处用couldn't have done,表示对过去情况的否定推测,即A项正确。

答案:A

7.(2013·东北三校第一次联考)—I don't know what to get for my father's birthday.

—You________buy him a Tshirt.There are many new styles in the shop.

A.need B.could

C.would D.shall

解析:句意:——我不知道给我爸爸买什么生日礼物。——你可以给他买一件T恤。商店里有很多新款。could表示“能够,可以”,符合句意。

答案:B

8.(2013·北京东城期末)The driver________have drunk a lot before the accident,but I am not quite sure of that.

A.might B.must

C.should D.would

解析:从后半句“but I am not quite sure of that”可知空处是对过去发生事情的不肯定推测,因此选A项。

答案:A

9.(2012·河南洛阳统考)No student________go out of school after eleven o'clock at night without the teacher's permission.

A.shall B.must

C.will D.may

解析:句意:未经老师的允许,学生不可在晚上十一点之后去校外。此处shall用于第三人称,表示“应,必须”,常用于条约、规定等文件中。

答案:A

10.(2012·江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)It is important to know about the cultural differences that________cause problems.

A.must B.dare

C.may D.shall

解析:句意:了解有可能会导致麻烦的文化差异是重要的。此处may 表示不确定的推测,意思是“有可能”。

答案:C

11.(2012·山东潍坊三县市上学期联考)—May I take this book out of the reading room?

—No,you________.You read it in here.

A.mightn't B.won't

C.needn't D.mustn't

解析:根据答语的第二句话可知“不能把书拿出阅览室”,表禁止,故选D项。

答案:D

12.(2012·陕西五校一模)Among the 15yearold children,some________be studying in universities while others are still learning to read and write.

A.should B.would

C.can D.must

解析:句意:在这些15岁的孩子中,一些可能在上大学了,而其他人仍然在学习读与写。此处can意为“可能会”,表示推测。

答案:C

13.(2012·北京西城期末)—Why are you in such a hurry?

—Don't you remember that we______________be home by 8 p.m. to see our favorite TV show?

A.can B.would

C.must D.may

解析:句意:——你为什么这么着急?——难道你不记得我们必须要在晚上八点之前到家看我们最喜欢的电视节目吗?根据句意可知,应用must,表示“必须”。

答案:C

14.(2012·山东临沂一模)—Can I borrow your car,Mum?

—If you________.

A.must B.can

C.will D.may

解析:这里的语境是儿子要借母亲的车,作为母亲也没办法,儿子非要借就借吧。情态动词can,will和may在语意上与“儿子要借车”相矛盾。

答案:A

15.(2012·合肥第一次质检)The constant rise of meat price requires that effective measures________by the government.

A.must be taken B.be taken

C.will be taken D.should take

解析:句意:肉价的持续上涨要求政府采取有效措施。requires后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,be taken前省略了should。

答案:B

16.(2012·山东潍坊一模)If the wound________become swollen,do not hesitate to call me.

A.shall B.must

C.should D.would

解析:句意:如果伤口肿胀的话,一定要毫不犹豫地给我打电话。shall 用于二、三人称肯定句中表示允诺、警告等强烈的语气;must“必须,一定”;should“(表示语气较强的假设)万一,竟然”;would指“过去总是,过去习惯于”,故C项符合题意。

答案:C

17.(2012·河北普通高考模拟)—Did you got to the fashion show last

week?

—I________,but I was fully occupied the whole week.

A.must go B.must have gone

C.would go D.would have gone

解析:根据答语中的“but I was fully occupied”可知,此处是对过去事实的虚拟,应用would have done结构,表示“过去打算做而实际上未做”,据此选D项。

答案:D

18.(2012·浙江调研测试)She would always be an outsider here,no matter how much she________try.

A.should B.must

C.might D.need

解析:句意:不管她如何努力,她在这里总是一个局外人。might表示“可能”,符合语意。

答案:C

19.(2012·北京重点高中尖子生综合素质展示)—God!My cell phone is missing.

—You________have left it at home.I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.

A.shall B.must

C.would D.could

解析:根据答语第二句的内容可知第二个说话人认为对方“一定”是把手机忘在家里了。

答案:B

20.(2012·南京一模)—Why did you leave him as he was?

—But what________otherwise? He never listens to me.

A.could I do B.should I do

C.could I have done D.must I have done

解析:句意:——你为什么放任他?——我又能做什么呢?他从来不听我的。在虚拟语气中,有时假设的情况并不是以条件状语从句的形式表示,而是通过相应的介词或连词,如without,but for,or,but,otherwise 等来表示。根据问句中的“did”和“was”可知,此处是对过去的虚拟,主句应用would/should/could/might+have done sth.,故选C项。

答案:C

情态动词和虚拟语气在高考大纲中的要求是学习资料

情态动词与虚拟语气 (1)情态动词的基本用法:①can与be able to的区别;②must与have to的区别;③shall的用法;④should的用法;⑤used to与would的用法;⑥may与might 的用法;⑦need与dare的用法; (2)情态动词表推测:①对现在和将来情况的推测;②对过去情况的推测; (3)虚拟语气的用法:①条件从句及含蓄条件引出的虚拟语气(but for, without, otherwise等);②wish后跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气;③if only, as if/though, would rather, It's high time后跟从句中的虚拟语气;④表示“建议,要求,命令,坚持”等词后跟从句中的虚拟语气。 注意几个考点: must“非得,偏要”, 用于疑问句或条件从句中; shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等; should“竟然” cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”;“越……越好” May you succeed!祝你成功! may/might as well+动词原形”意为“最好,倒不如” must强调主观方面的必须否定形式是needn't/don't have to have to表示“不得不,必须”,强调客观因素所迫而必须去做的事情 would可以表示过去的习惯性动作,比used to正式,但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义 ※shall的用法 (1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 Shall I go out for a walk after supper? 晚饭后我可以散散步吗? (2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁,或用于正式法律、条规中。 —Will you read me a story, Mummy? —OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.[摘自2011·陕西高考] ——妈妈,给我讲个故事好吗? ——好的,如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。 ※should的用法 (1)表示一种“义务或职责”,通常理解为“应该”。 You should take the medicine with a full glass of water. 你应该用满满一杯水来服这种药。 (2)表示惊奇、赞叹、不满等情绪。 It never occurred to me that she should lie to me again. 我从来没有想到她竟然又骗我。

高中英语情态动词与虚拟语气

情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义,可以表达某种感情和说话的语气,但是它不可以单独使用作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法,特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理,更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理,编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有:must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有:need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有:shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度,不能单独作谓语,与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征:可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 (1)表示现在的能力,用can或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can,表示“经过努力成功的做成某事”用be able to。 (2)表示过去的能力,用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 (3)表示将来的能力,用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 (1)can用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性,而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如:Accidents can happy on such rainy days. (2)表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词,其表示可能性的层次如下表: 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会……吗? would 可能性较will小不会、不该(较won’t弱)会……吗?(较will弱) should 应该会、理应(表示合乎理想的情况或结果) ought to 与should同义 can 一定不会、不可能(否定推测)有可能吗? could 可疑的可能不可能(与can’t同义)有可能吗?(较can弱)may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能(较may弱)可能不(较may not弱) 注意→(1)may,must常用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 (2)can常用于否定句,疑问句和感叹句中,表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句、疑问句中。

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