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英语中常跟动名词做宾语的动词,逗号,宾语从句

英语中常跟动名词做宾语的动词,逗号,宾语从句
英语中常跟动名词做宾语的动词,逗号,宾语从句

英语中常跟动名词做宾语的动词

Admit, stand(忍受,容忍),appreciate, avoid, complete, consider, enjoy, escape, excuse(原谅),fancy(imagine), finish, forgive, keep(continue), mind, miss(错过), pardon, practice, prevent, risk, suggest, advise, allow, permit, acknowledge, require, tolerate(容忍,忍受),favor(喜欢),involve, guarantee, approve(同意),encourage, ban(禁止),predict

其中advise, allow, permit后提到相关人,用to do

英语中常跟不定式做宾语的动词

Agree, refuse, offer, promise, choose, decide, determine, attempt, intend, manage, fail, ask, hope, want, expect, long, wish, seek, plan, prepare, learn, mean, volunteer, pretend, dare, afford, beg, demand, dislike, fear

英语逗号你注意到了吗?

高考英语单选题中,20%左右的题含有逗号。如果对逗号不加注意,有可能会对整个句子的理解发生偏差。

一般来说,英语句中的逗号主要出现在以下语法现象中:

1.We must redouble our efforts,or we‘ll never be able to catch up with the others.(并列句)

2.Young as he is,he is equal to the task.(主从复合句——让步状语从句)

3.The room was full of students,ten of whom are from foreign countries.

(主从复合句——非限制性定语从句)

4.Given enough time,we are sure to do it well.(非谓语形式——过去分词)

5.Not having seen her for a long time,missed her very much.(非谓语形式——现在分词)

6.They must have gone there last night,didn‘t they?(反意疑问句)

注意题目中的逗号能使我们根据选项,有的放矢地做题。

例1:Bill‘s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,________?

A. isn‘t it

B.is it

C. isn’t he

D.is he

此句考查的是反意疑问句。“,”后的附加疑问部分,其助动词和人称应与主句的谓语动词和人称保持一致,故选A.

例2:Having been attacked by ter-rorists,________.

A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an em ergency measure was tak en

D.warnings were given to tourists

此句“,”前为现在分词结构,其逻辑主语与主句主语一致,故选B。

翻译中通过逗号的适当运用,可把结构复杂的句子简单化。此外,中英文逗号不必一一对应。

另外,在做阅读理解和完形填空时,适当注意逗号也有助于对难句的理解。写作文时,可用一些含逗号的并列句及主从复合句等,使文章更加丰富。

含逗号的各种句式

1.分句,and,or,but/ yet分句

Stud y hard, and you’ll pass the exam.

Hurry up, or you’ll miss the first bus to the station.

Come early, or else you won’t get anything to eat.

We had hoped to see the film, but we couldn’t get the tickets.

2.从句,主句

时间状语从句

After…, When…, As soon as…, Before…,

原因状语从句

Before …, As…, Since…,

条件状语从句

If …,

让步状语从句

Altho ugh…,Though…,Whenever,Wherever …, However…,

3.主句,非限定性定语从句

…, who…whom,when,which/ as,where,from where,whose,prep.+ which,As …, 主句

He has five brothers, three of whom are now studying in the States.

He has five brothers; three of them are now studying in the States.

4.句子主干,伴随状语/伴随状态的独立分词构句

1)_______ , (名词)+现在分词

The teaching came in, carrying a big case.

The old man sat reading, with his dog sleeping beside him.

He went to the front door, his student following him.

He cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks.

The beggar lay in the corner of the street, his hand trembling.

2) _____, 名词+过去分词

He walked into the room, his head held high,

He sat there on his sofa, (with) a map spread in his knees.

He lay there, (with) his hands crossed behind his head.

3) _____, 形容词或形容词词组

She stood there, speechless.

John sat down in the sofa for a rest, tired.

He cries out, full of joy. ( The Merchant of Venice)

4) ______,名词词组+形容词词组

She looked at me, her eyes full of doubt.

5)_______, 名词+介词短语

He stood there,( with ) his hand in his pockets.

with a book in his hand.

book in hand.

5,状语(非谓语动词), 句子主干

On hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.

Walking to the school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.

Finding his door locked, I went home.

Having finishing her shopping, she went home.

Asked if he could come to the party, John nodded his head and left the room.

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

In order to catch the early train, he hurried to the station.

写作中避免使用垂悬修饰语

指句子中一个修饰词组与句子的主语没有逻辑上的主谓关系,因而这种词组没有修饰任何成分,故称垂悬修饰语.

1)Rushing to class one morning, the books fell all over the stairs.

错误所在:The books can’t rush to class.

Rushing to class one morning, I dropped my books all over the stairs.

2) Troubled by a broken foot, the sports meeting was impossible.

错误所在:The sports can’t be troubled by a broken foot.

Troubled by a broken foot, John couldn’t join in the sports meeting.

有些语法书称之为“无依着分词结构”

If there is no noun/ pronoun in the position, the participle is considered to belong to the subject of the following main verb.

Mailed late, we may not receive the postcards before the New Year.

Mailed late, the postcards may not be received before the New Year.

独立主格结构

My work done, I went to bed.

The sat in the room with the curtains drawn.

Don’t go in without asked to.

With a lot of problems to settle, the president is having a hard time.

With all the problems settled, the president felt relieved.

With a lot of things to buy, she…

conj.+ ed分词结构

when(ever), where(ever), t hough, although, as if , as though, if , once, unless, until, …Even if invited, I won’t go.

6.句子主干,同位语

This is Mr. Wen, headmaster of our school.

Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, one ( that ) I will always treasure.

He was a strict but good captain, one who, unusually took good care of the sailors on his trip. ( Captain Cooker)

There was a workforce of 400 people, most of them women. ( Ankor Wott)

There was a workforce of 400 people, most of whom were women.

Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.

7.(评注性状语)独立主格结构, 句子主干

Luckily for him,his stepmother was kind to him.

Luckily , his stepmother was kind to him.

Fortunately, his stepmother was kind to him.

Generally speaking ,Honestly speaking ,Strictly speaking,Judging from

So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off.

Nobody being in the room, I did not go in.

It being Sunday, they didn’t go to school.

There being no pen, I had to write the letter with a pencil.

It being a fine day, I went swimming with Tom.

To tell you the truth,…

To cut a long story short, …

To be honest,

8.否定句,+nor + 助动词+主语

否定句,+and neither +助动词+主语

否定句,+and +主语+助动词+either

I can’t swim,nor can he.

I can’t swim, and neither can he.

I can’t swim,and he can’t, either.

宾语从句

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.

1.宾语从句的连接词

从属连词

连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.

that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. He told that he would go to the college the next year

他告诉我他下一年上大学.

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

我不知道是否还会有公交车.

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.

没人知道他是否会通过考试.

连接代词

连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.

连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.

Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?

I don’t know whom you should depend on.

我不知道你该依靠谁.

The book will show you what the best CEOs know.

这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.

Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?

你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?

连接副词

连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.

Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?

你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?

None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.

2.动词的宾语从句

大多数动词都可以带宾语从句

We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.

我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.

He told us that they would help us though the whole work.

他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.

部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句

I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.

我发现这场音乐会的所有票都买光了.

Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?

你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?

动词短语也可以带宾语从句

常见的这些词有:

make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记

Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.

可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .

我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.

I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.

我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.

I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.

我每天写日记成了习惯.

We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to, appreciate(感激)

I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.

我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.

He will have it that our plan is really practical.

他会认为我们的计划确实可行.

I take it that you will agree with us.

我们认为你会同意我们的.

When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.

开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.

③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.

我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.

We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.

我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.

3.介词的宾语从句

用wh-类的介词宾语从句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.

The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.

这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.

用that, if引导的介词宾语从句

有时候except, but, besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.

对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.

4.形容词的宾语从句

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised

I am sure I will pass the exam.

我确信我会通过考试.

I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.

很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.

他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.

5.if,wheter在宾语从句中的区别

①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know, ask, care, wonder, find out等之后,介词后一般不用if

②少数动词,如:leave, put, discuss, doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.

③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.

④在不定式前只能用whether.

⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.

6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that

当that作learn, suggest, explain, agree, wonder, prove, mean, state, feel, hold 等动词的宾语时;

当宾语从句较长时;

当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;

当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;

当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;

当宾语从句中的主语是this, that或this, that做主语的定语时;

当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;

当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;

当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;

当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;

在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.

7.宾语从句的否定转移

主句是谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.

I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.

我认为他不会来我的舞会.

I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?

我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?

我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?

8.宾语从句的时态和语序

当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时候一般不受主句的时态所影响. 当主句为过去时的时候

①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生

I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didn’t know what country he was in.

我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.

He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.

他问我他进来的时候我是否在读<老人与海>.

②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前

He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.

他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.

③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后

The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.

记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.

如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化

The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.

老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.

当宾语从句的引导词是who, which, what, when, where, how, why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首

Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?

你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.

对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点

①语序: 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序, 即"主语+ 谓语"这种形式.

②时态: 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过去时的时候, 从句, 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态, 即(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去完成时, 过去将来时).

③连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时, 连接词用that, 且可以省去, 当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用if或whether(是否), 当从句意思不完整时, 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词.

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高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】

定语从句 一、基本概念:定语: 定语从句: Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词:关系词 关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当: 关系副词有:when, where, why. 在从句充当: 先行词: 定语从句中引关系词的作用: 二、关系词的用法: (一)关系代词的用法: 1. He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week

(二)关系副词的用法: 1. I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点: 1.这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构: when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如: I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2.当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语时,关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时,才能用when或where,试比较: I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.

(完整版)人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习

名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词,因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句:Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句:I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句:The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句:The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词(不充当从句的任何成分):that ,whether ,if 连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词:when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置:通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 句子结构:主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don’t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察,我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序: 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分):that ,whether ,if 1)、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2)、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时,it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语,而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾)(此时that一定不可以省略)

宾语从句专项练习(中考英语语法及练习题)

宾语从句练习1 ( ) 1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( ) 2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been ( ) 3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are ( ) 4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may ( ) 5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 2 ( ) 1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that ( ) 2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where ( ) 3 I hardly understand.___ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who ( ) 4 She didn't know___ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be ( ) 5 I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D.when ( ) 6 Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how ( ) 7 He asked me _____told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 3 ( ) 1.They don't know ______their parents are. A that B what C why D which ( ) 2.Please tell me ______what last year. A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked ( ) 3.She asked me if I knew ______. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it ( ) 4. You must remember ________. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said ( ) 5 Did you know ____? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after ( ) 6 Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing

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