2014年上半年中小学教师资格考试英语
学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）（精选）参考答案及解析一、单项选择题
1．【答案】A。解析：考查最小对比对。最小对比对（minimal pairs）是指只有一个音素不同的一组单词。sip[sIp]和zip[zIp]，tip[tIp]和dip[dIp]，map[m?p]和nap[n?p]都是最小对比对。其他选项，diphthong“双元音”，allophone“音位变体”，phoneme“音位，音素”，故选A。
2．【答案】C。解析：考查句子语调。一般情况下，陈述句和特殊疑问句用降调。一般疑问句用升调。选择疑问句or前面的词用升调。一句话中列举并列单词时除最后一个用降调外，其余全用升调。故选C。
3．【答案】C。解析：考查名词辨析。句意为“为了方便讨论，我们最好（）能力和表现”。separation“分离”，division“分割，划分”，distinction“区分，区别”，difference“差异，差别”。根据句意，应该是区分能力和表现，故选C。
4．【答案】B。解析：考查动词辨析。句意为“政府官员应（）他们的工资信息”。dissent “不同意”；disclose“揭露，公开”，侧重指揭露或泄露鲜为人知或保密的事；unfold“展开，展现”；uncover主要指移去遮盖物使东西显露出来，也可指揭露阴谋秘密等。根据句意，应该是使工资信息公开化，故B符合语境及句意。
5．【答案】C。解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意为“学生们排成一队走出来"。inperson“亲自”，in private“私下地，秘密地”，in order“按顺序”，in progress“进展”。根据句意，应该是排成一队按顺序走出来，故选C。
6．【答案】A。解析：考查强调句。句意为“在西藏，直到黎明他们才看到远处被雪覆盖的白皑皑的山峰”。该强调句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分，此句型中It is/was not．．．已经是否定句了，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。故选A。
7．【答案】B。解析：考查非谓语动词。investigators和give之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作条件状语，相当于If（the investigators had been）given．．．。句意为“如果给调查者足够的时间和资金，他们就可以在这个案子中发现更多的证据了”。
8．【答案】D。解析：考查原因状语从句。句意为“批评与自我批评是必要的，（）它们可以帮助我们发现并改正错误”。In that意思是“因为，由于”，用于引导原因状语从句，故选D。
9．【答案】A。解析：考查对交际中合作准则的理解。美国哲学家格莱斯Paul Grice认为，在所有的言语交际活动中，说话人和听话人之间为达到某一个共同的交际目标，都有一种默契，一种双
方都应遵守的原则，即合作原则，包括以下四条准则：数量准则、质量准则、关联准则和方式准则。数量准则（The maxim of quantity）：①自己所说的话达到所要求的详尽程度；②不能使自己所说的话比所要求的更详细。质量准则（The maxim of quality）：①不要说自己认为不真实的话；②不要说自己缺乏足够证据的话。关联准则（The maxim of relevance）：说话要贴切。方式准则（The maxim of manner）：①避免晦涩的词语；②避免歧义；③说话要简要；④说话要有条理。题干问的是“Boys are boys”和“Lies are lies”这两个同义重复的极端例子违反了哪个准则。题干中“男孩是男孩”“谎言是谎言”表达不够详尽，所以违反了数量准则，故选A。
10．【答案】C。解析：考查社会语言学的研究内容。社会语言学属于语言学的一个分支，主要研究语言与社会的关系，以及语言使用者所在的社会结构与语言使用之间的关系。其研究包括地域方言（regional dialect）、语域（register）、社会方言（social dialect）、个人语言（idiolect）等，但是不包括对figures of speech“修辞手法”的研究。故选C。
11．【答案】B。解析：考查听力教学。事件发展的时间和地点为细节信息，所以在听力课堂中要求学生记下事件发展的时间和地点是为了提高学生听确切信息的能力。故选B。
12．【答案】C。解析：考查阅读教学。在读前环节，教师需要向学生介绍主题，引起学生的兴趣，向学生讲授关键的词句，介绍背景知识，帮助学生消除文化障碍，以便更好地理解文章。A项是预测文章内容，B项对应呈现新单词，C项是听文章录音，D项是介绍背景知识。故选C。
13．【答案】C。解析：考查英语课程内容标准。能利用关键词、缩略词和符号做笔记，这属于学习策略中的认知策略。故选C。
14．【答案】D。解析：考查英语教学法。全身反应法以“听—做动作”为主要教学组织形式。学习过程中，教师用目标语发出指令，先自己做，等学生能理解后，让学生完成动作，然后边说边做。故选D。
15．【答案】A。解析：考查英语课程标准内容。英语新课标要求的语言知识目标包括：语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题。故选A。
16．【答案】A。解析：考查语音教学。motto的发音中第一个/?u/长于第二个/?u/，是因为重音在第一个/?u/上。
17．【答案】D，解析：考查英语教材的内容选择。选项D是说不考虑学生的需要和水平，教授课本中所有的东西，很明显不对。故选D。
18．【答案】A。解析：考查英语教学评价。表现性评价是指衡量学生在完成给定的一个具体任务或一系列任务时的水平。因此，为了评估学生在完成一项给定的任务中对所学知识的运用程度，教师应该用表现性评价。故选A。
19．【答案】D。解析：考查3P教学法。阅读教学一般采用PWP方法，即Pre-reading，While-reading，Post-reading。
20．【答案】C。解析：考查语法教学。归纳法是由个别到一般，由特殊到一般的推理教学方法。
如果一名教师以语言例子作为开端去引导学生找出规则，这种教学方法为归纳法（inductive method）。
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21．【答案】C。解析：细节题。根据题干关键词retail research定位到文章第一段，可知已有三分之一的消费者会给自己买礼物，在经济衰退的前一年给自己买礼物的消费者已从12%开始增长，去年计划从19%开始增长，所以C项“自从经济衰退开始给自己买礼物的消费者数量就开始增长”为正确选项。
22．【答案】B。解析：推断题根据题干关键词typicalself-gifter和typical shopper定位到文章第四段最后两句话。这一段主要是说给自己买礼物的一个作用就是节制，所以该段对两者的花费进行对比的主要目的是为了说明给自己买礼物是节制的一种标志。
23．【答案】C。解析：词义题。aggregate意为“合计的”。画线词所在句子意思是“到2012年第三季度，用户已经将他们的总债从2008年第三季度的12.67万亿减少到11.31万亿”。选项中只有total“整个的”与aggregate意思相近，故选C。
24．【答案】A。解析：指代题。根据画线单词所在句，可知美国人花费1100亿美元用在购买礼品卡上，然后把礼品卡送出去。them指的就是这些gift cards，故选A。
25．【答案】D。解析：态度题。通读全文可知，文章开头指出self-gifting的消费者数量在增加，然后提到self-gifting对于心理和经济都有积极作用且self-gifting是节制的标志，并且作者在最后一段提出，随着网络购物趋势的冷淡，人们需要用其他方式来拥有愉快的体验，可以看出作者对self-gifting是支持的，故选D。
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26．【答案】D。解析：推断题。题干问的是以下哪个因素会对石窟产生严重的破坏。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，古代的壁画和雕塑在经历了战争、环境破坏、古物猎人和混乱的文化大革命后存活了下来，而如今最大的威胁是国内旅游业。石窟的最佳游客容量是每天3000人，可是高峰期会达到这个容量的两倍之多，故选D。
27．【答案】C。解析：细节题。根据文章第四段第三、四句可知，戴上3D眼镜，可以到达一个虚拟的敦煌石窟世界，这个虚拟的世界充满生动的色彩、细节特写、移动的菩萨图像和声音。因为3D效果产生的是虚拟的石窟世界，所以“与宝物的真实接触”是参观者不能体验到的，故选C。
28．【答案】A。解析：指代题。本段讲3D技术营造了一个虚拟的敦煌世界，游客可以进行体验。敦煌石窟是中国早期艺术品的宝库，而高分辨率的数字化将为敦煌石窟提供一个长久的记录。此处this artistic treasure指代的就是敦煌石窟，故选A。
29．【答案】B。解析：词义题。根据该词daunting后面一句，这个项目花费巨大，并且技术要求很高（20分钟左右就要记录9平方米的壁画），范围较大（共有492处洞穴绘有壁画），可以分析出这个项目是令人生畏的。intimidating“吓人的”，与画线词意思最贴近，故选B。
30．【答案】D。解析：主旨题。本文主要介绍了一种可以保护敦煌石窟不受参观者数量增加而
被损坏的方式，通过这种方式可以构造一个虚拟的敦煌石窟世界供游客参观。故选D。
二、简答题
31．【参考答案】
范文对于英语写作主要有以下三方面的作用：
（1）范文能够说明所用体裁的特点。
文章都有一定的体裁，如故事、演讲、会话等。不同的交际目的产生不同的篇章，形成不同的体裁，在篇章结构和语法形式上产生一定的特色。
对于中国学生而言，虽然他们很早就知道文章有记叙文、说明文等的分别，虽然他们从一开始就学会了按“三段式”来组织文章（第一段是论点；第二段是主要内容，包括论证的证据或故事的情节等；第三段是结论），但范文的作用在他们的外语写作中仍然不可忽视，一方面，汉语的语篇模式和英语的语篇模式并不完全一致。一般而言，汉语的主题往往不直接点出，需要先有一个所谓的铺垫，而英语文章的主题往往直截了当地给出。另一方面，具体的范文远比一些抽象的分类更具有操作意义上的指导作用。
（2）范文是说明英语语篇衔接手段如何使用的最好语境。
连贯是篇章的主要特征，使用各种语篇衔接手段是建立语篇连贯的主要途径。熟悉这些英语的衔接手段能够大大减轻写作过程中的微计划（micro-planning）所带来的负担，加快语言生成的速度。微计划生成语言信息，明确如何分配主题、焦点或新信息等内容，与具体的语言有关。英语中是否有现成的信息衔接手段显然会影响信息的分配和组织。
（3）范文能够开阔学生的思路。
写什么是写作计划需要解决的问题，也是学生感到非常苦恼的事情。扩大知识面是解决这个问题的主要途径。另外，要学会在动笔前积极思考，激活并调用大脑中已有的知识，养成良好的写作习惯和思维习惯。
范文在教学中的使用步骤及每个步骤的教学目标：
（1）利用范文进行谋篇布局。
师生要能够在范文的结构和语言方面进行讨论，并弄清楚两个问题：①这类文章结构和语言如何为文章的交际目的服务；②还有哪些别的可能的结构和语言上的变化。只有这样，学生才能最大限度地利用范文来指导写作而不受范文的限制，才有可能避免全班学生千篇一律的现象。
（2）利用范文达到连贯的效果。
该步骤的教学目标是使学习者在写作中避免出现连接语使用不够的现象，造成文章的逻辑跳跃性很大，理解起来比较困难。也有相当一部分学生主观上想尽量多用连接语，以加强句子之间的衔接，但结果是连接语过分堆积，不仅不能增强语义方面的衔接力，反而往往会增加冗余信息，甚至造成语义上的逻辑混乱。这种现象也是写作教学应尽量避免的内容。
（3）利用范文开阔学生的写作思路。
这一阶段的目标是培养学生积极思考的习惯，使学生能够开阔自己的思路，这是影响学生写作的关键因素。
三、教学情境分析题
32．【参考答案】
（1）选词填空练习的目的：
①这类选词填空的练习可以帮助学生巩固词汇。词汇教学是英语教学的主要任务之一，能否充分有效地进行词汇教学是学生能否顺利度过“高原期”进入更高一级从而自由得体地运用英语的关键所在。作为词汇教学的有机组成部分，教材中的词汇练习无疑具有重要作用。
②考查学生对句子结构的认知和在狭义语境中对词汇的微观了解，包括词汇的同性、解释和常用搭配。每个句子只是一个微型的语境，因此很能锻炼学生利用较少信息处理问题的能力。
③考查学生根据语境中已知部分推知未知部分的能力。学习者可以根据语境信息大致推断出所填词的词义内容，进而从选项中选择与之对应的词语。
（2）此类练习对语言学习和使用的意义：
①选词填空作为一种考查对词义的初步理解和运用的词汇练习形式，能够较为有效地复习和巩固本课所学生词，从而为更高层次的输出性练习打下基础。在“词—句—段”三级训练单位中，“词”是前提，是实现句和段的必要条件。虽然英语教学的一大重点是培养学习者的成段表达能力，但基础性的词汇练习同样不可忽视。因为只有在掌握词义、了解词语正确用法的基础上，才能保证句子和语段的正确输出。
②该练习对于学生锻炼如何把握和利用语境有很大的作用。语境能够巩固词语搭配知识和训练词义推测能力，对学习者词汇习得是比较有效的。学生在理解语境的基础上推测所填词的词义内容，最后做出与目标语境相匹配的答案，在这个过程中，学生的理解能力和记忆力都会得到锻炼。
③有利于学生对词汇的正确运用。结合语境练习词汇就脱离了抽象记忆词汇所带来的不科学因素。如果脱离语境，即使学生将词汇的含义记忆下来，到真正使用的时候还是不知道应该怎么运用；如果学生在记忆单词的同时还能够关注单词的语境，当出现类似用法的时候学生便可以运用自如了。
四、教学设计题
33．缺题
华中师范大学网络教育学院 《高级英语写作》练习测试题库参考答案 I. Complete each o f the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets. 1.accounting 2.capitalization 3.consolidate 4.electronic 5.frequently 6.indent 7.intelligent 8.location 9.cultural 10.professional 11.accurately 12.description 13.imagination 14.italicize 15.peaceful 16.publicity immediately 17. 18.celebration 19.explanation
20.joyous 21.modify 22.reaction 23.specialty 24.traditional 25.typical 26.available 27.depend 28.excited 29.habitual 30.include 31.invite 32.prediction 33.transportation https://www.doczj.com/doc/6312907138.html,bine 35.punctuate 36.screaming 37.effective 38.generous 39.gratefully 40.immediately 41.interrupt II. Revise the following sentences. For the revision of some of the sentences, please follow the directions before them.
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位 联考英语试卷 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually _2_. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. _3_, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an _4_ of good health. Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often _6_body mass index, or BIMI _7_ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BIMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 to 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, _8_ can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.
1．第1题 "Peter is so worried about the test that he plans to study all night." "Tell him he should QUIT worrying and get some sleep." A.A. stop; B. relinquish; C. keep on B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：C 题目分数：2 此题得分：2.0 2．第2题 As the medicine took ___, the nervous patient became quieter. A.A. action; B. force; C. effect; D. influence B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：C 题目分数：2 此题得分：2.0 3．第3题 TV, if properly used, can ___ a child's imagination. A.A. stimulate; B. arouse; C. incite; D. arise B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：A 题目分数：2 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 The original building was erected in 1710 but this
structure has been largely transformed and ___. A.A. increased; B. extended; C. augmented; D. stretched B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：B 题目分数：2 此题得分：2.0 5．第5题 That car model has become OBSOLETE. A.A. outmoded; B. out of stock; C. popular; D. modern B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：A 题目分数：2 此题得分：2.0 6．第6题 The film "On Golden Pond" portrays to a certain extent the MENTALITY of the old people. A.A. activities; B. ideas; C. opinions; D. attitude of mind B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：D 题目分数：2 此题得分：2.0 7．第7题 Accuracy is ___ to the programming of computers. A.A. elemental; B. elementary; C. fundamental; D.
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I) 英语 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th. Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: https://www.doczj.com/doc/6312907138.html,. 21 Who can take in the Curiosity Challenge? A. School students. B. Cambridge locals. C. CSF winners. D. MIT artists. 22 When will the prize-giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th. B. On March 10th C. On March 15th.. D. On April 21st. 23 What type of writing is this text? A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review. C. An announcement. D. An official report.
2014秋华南师范大学《高级英语》在线作业 及满分答案 内容摘要：作业1．第1题choose the word ｏr phrase which best completes each sentence.when they heard how well the new cｏrpｏration was doing in the com... 作业 1．第1题 choose the word ｏr phrase which best completes each sentence. when they heard how well the new cｏrpｏration was doing in the computer business, they took a calculated ___ ａnd invested most of their capital in it. A.A. venture; B. opportunity; C. risk; D. chance B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 2．第2题 choose the word ｏr phrase which best completes each sentence. there was a nobility about this simple-minded person which was ___. A.A. most engaged; B. the most engaging; C. to be most engaging; D. most engaging B.所有选项均列于A选项下 C.所有选项均列于A选项下 D.所有选项均列于A选项下 您的答案：A 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：0.0 3．第3题
2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(二)试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health. Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI. Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat. 1. [A] denied [B] concluded [C] doubled [D] ensured 2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome 3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore 4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example 5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern 6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of 7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies 8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part
第一课Face to face with Hurricane Camille 1. Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。 2. The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emissions polluting the air. 居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。 3. Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of Yuan. 在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿元。 4. The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes. 干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。 5. Although war caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish. 虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。 6. To make space for modern high rises, many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished. 为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的，具有民族特色的建筑物都被拆毁了。 7. In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated. 在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。 8. His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals.他为实现自己的目标付出了最大努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化成了泡影。 第二课Hiroshima-the “Liveliest” City in Japan 1. There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off. 礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。 2. That modern construction looks very much like a flying saucer. 那座现代建筑看上去很想个飞碟。 3. Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other. 四川话和湖北话在北方人听起来很相似，有时难以区别。 4. The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Thinner isn’t always better.A number of studies have1that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually2.For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an4of good health. Of even greater5is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined 6body mass index,or BMI.BMI7body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of 18to25is often considered to be normal weight.Between25and30is overweight.And over30is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10others with a low BMI may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players12as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a13BMI. Today we have a(an)14to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes15in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes16with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.17very young children tend to look down on the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity,18in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity 19.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign20childhood obesi-ty,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat. 1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured 2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome 3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore 4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example 5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern 6.[A]in terms of[B]in case of[C]in favor of[D]in of 7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies 8.[A]in essence[B]in contrast[C]in turn[D]in part 9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward 10.[A]so[B]while[C]since[D]unless 11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste 12.[A]start[B]qualify[C]retire[D]stay 13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant 14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency 15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored 16.[A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated
Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actuall y a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, 1
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else's car.
2014年英语试题 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 points, 1 point each) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 7 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer. 1. A) To the bank. B) To a book store. C) To a shoe store. D) To the grocer’s. 2. A) Near the train station. B) In the countryside. C) In the city. D) Near the workplace 3. A) the choice of courses B) a day course C) an evening course D) their work 4. A) The pear. B) The weather. C) The sea food. D) The cold. 5. A) George’s wife.B) George’s father. C) George’s brother D) George’s wife’s father. 6. A) She is pleased to lend him the car. B) She refuses to lend him the car. C) She agrees to lend him the car. D) She offers him the car. 7. A ) Policeman and driver. B) Policeman and thief. C) Teacher and pupil. D) Director and actress. Questions 8 to 10 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 8. A) Books a room. B) Reserves a room. C) Confirms his reservation. D) Tells the receptionist he has reserved a room. 9. A) On Tuesday. B) Probably on Thursday. C)Three days later. D) Probably seven days later. 10. A) At 7. B) At 7:30. C) At 8. D) At 6:30. Questions 11 to 13 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 11. A) A conductor and a conductress. B) A bus driver and a conductress. C) The organizer of the race and a participant. D) A reporter and a conductress. 12. A) A day before the race. B) A day after the race. C) Right after the race. D) A few hours after the race. 13. A) She won the first prize in the cycle race. B) She bought the beautiful racing bicycle by collecting money. C) She was taught to cycle when she was five. D) She was the first conductress who won a cycle race. Section B Direct ions: In this section, you’ll hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. A) Courses in British history. B) Language courses.