绝密★启用前
宁乡县湖南新课标高考仿真试卷（四）
英语
时量：1 分值：150分
命题：宁乡一中高三数学备课组
Section A （22.5分）
Directions: In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter (A, B or C) on the question booklet. You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Conversation 1
1. What will the man do?
A. Phone someone and go to shops.
B. See someone and go to shops.
C. Phone a friend and see someone.
2. When does this conversation probably take place?
A. In the evening.
B. In the afternoon.
C. In the morning.
Conversation 2
3. What does the woman do every night?
A. Study.
B. Exercise.
C. Watch TV
4. What is the man’s advice to the woman?
A. Eat more.
B. Exercise more.
C. Learn more.
Conversation 3
5. Why haven’t the speakers seen each other lately?
A. The man has been to the States.
B. The man has been busy.
C. The man has been ill.
6. Why does the man come to the woman’s place?
A. To report for duty.
B. To do business.
C. To have dinner.
Conversation 4
7. Why is the man sleeping on the job?
A. He has to work late.
B. He has to get up early.
C. He has a busy social life.
8. How did the man probably go to work in the past?
A. By bus.
B. By train.
C. By motorbike.
9. How long does it take the man to go to work now?
A. About two hours.
B. About one hour.
C. About 15 minutes.
Conversation 5
10. Where is the woman probably speaking?
A. In a changing room.
B. At a school café.
C. At an information desk.
11. When can the man swim in the afternoon?
A. From one to three.
B. From three to five.
C. From five to seven.
12. What would the man like to play?
A. Tennis.
B. Football.
C. Basketball.
Conversation 6
13. Why does the man complain?
A. The woman told him a little too late.
B. The woman didn’t get tickets for him.
C. The woman didn’t phone to Jane.
14. What is the problem with the man?
A. He hasn’t enough time to see a play.
B. He is too late for a play.
C. He can’t get tickets for a play.
15. What is the probable time now?
A. Before 7:30.
B. After 7:30.
C. At 7:30.
SECTION B
Directions: In this section you’ll hear a mini-talk. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve got. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS. You will hear the mini-talk TWICE.
Section A （15分）
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence.
21. Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways, the most important of which is that
they can protect ______ from droughts (干旱) and floods.
A. it
B. itself
C. himself
D. him
22. We know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4, 000 years ago, because
they ______write and leave written records for those who lived after them.
A. could
B. should
C. must
D. shall
23. Nowadays, children always complain that their parents are out of date, ______
parents can’t approve of what their children say and do.
A. while
B. thus
C. therefore
D. otherwise
24. Everything a family needs to plan a party, except the cake and ice cream, ______
to the home in a large basket.
A. delivers
B. deliver
C. is delivered
D. are delivered
25. Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples ______ two major
language groups.
A. belonged to
B. belonging to
C. were belonged to
D. were belonging to
26. In the book, Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses
who stood at the
point in history ______ magic ended and science began.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
27. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in
the north lived the Scots, whose language, ______ not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic.
A. though
B. unless
C. if
D. as if
28. In Australia’s New South Wales, a group of animals are at risk of losing their
home with a new logging program soon ______.
A. starts
B. to start
C. starting
D. started
29. Realizing ______ I had been able to accomplish, my fears of failure grew rapidly.
A. so little
B. such little
C. how little
D. what little
30. After he had recovered from his injury, he caught a squirrel (松鼠) and raised
it as a pet. Soon he ______ home snakes and other creatures from the woods near his school.
A. was bringing
B. is bringing
C. has brought
D. had brought
31. He told me how he had given me shelter and protection without which I ______of
hunger.
A. would die
B. would have died
C. had died
D. died
32. Only when he failed ______ the stress he was under.
A. he realized
B. did he realize
C. realized he
D. he did
realize
33. There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and
variety of the English language ______ by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it.
A. where
B. as
C. than
D. so
34. The space is left to let the rail expand when it gets hot, ______?
A. isn’t it
B. is it
C. doesn’t it
D. does it
35. ______ in a shower on his way to his house in Lloyd Road, a tall English gentleman
began running in order to catch a bus going at full speed about twenty yards ahead of him.
A. Caught
B. Catching
C. Having caugh
D. Having been caught
Section B （18分）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are 4 words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context.
It was one of the happiest times of my life. I was 29 and had just received my bachelor’s degree, graduating with 36 despite working two jobs and being a wife and mother. My parents and five-year-old son were among the 37 when I walked onto the stage at Ashland University to get my diploma. I was so excited and proud to be starting a teaching career and contributing more to my family’s happiness.
But when I got home that evening, there was a note from my husband, 38 , “I have come to get my clothes and won’t be back.” We’d been having trouble, 39 that note still came as a shock. He had emptied our bank account. We were horribly in debt. I had quit my previous jobs in the hope of finding a teaching position. 40 , I was eight months pregnant.
The reality was so merciless that I was embarrassed, 41 , and angry and felt I had failed. But I had my son, and I was about to 42 a new life into the world. So 43 my deep sadness, I had to go on. The next morning, I woke up, put my feet on the floor, took a deep breath, prepared breakfast, and basically did everything I always did. I used my routine to keep myself moving.
And in the seven years since, I’ve continued moving forward. I got a job as a kindergarten teacher, earned a master’s degree in educatio n, and watched my babies
grow to 12 and 44 . I certainly have never 45 to put them through this, but in retrospect (回首往事), I’m glad it happened to me when it did. It helped me grow 46 , confident, and strong —things I’m now hopefully instillin g in (灌输) my children. Sometimes life throws you a curve ball, hands you a lemon, or knocks you for a loop (gives you a shock). But knowing how to 47 failure can be the first step to success. This is my latest belief and strategy on how to win in the end.
36. A. worries B. anxieties C. troubles D. honors
37. A. professors B. students C. audience D. neighbours
38. A. saying B. meaning C. expressing D. writing
39. A. but B. and C. thus D. so
40. A. Therefore B. Yet C. Besides D. Even
41. A. excited B. disturbed C. interested D. scared
42. A. take B. bring C. give D. get
43. A. regardless of B. except for C. in spite of D.
instead of
44. A. seven B. eight C. nine D. ten
45. A. stopped B. chosen C. turned D. waited
46. A. indifferent B. careful C. helpful D.
independent
47. A. put up with B. keep up with
C. deal with
D. do with
Section C （12分）
Directions: Complete the following passage by using ONE word that best fits the context.
When Mrs. Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna, Austria, people asked, "Why did she live to be 107?". 48 were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100. Somewhat surprising was the fact 49 the majority had lived most of their lives in cities. 50 the city's image as an unhealthy place, yet city living often provides benefits that country living can lack. One factor seems to be important to the longevity (长寿) of those interviewed.
This factor is exercise. In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances
than 51 wait for a bus. Even taking public transportation often requires some walking. Smaller apartment houses have 52 elevators (电梯), and so people must climb stairs. City people can usually walk to local supermarkets. 53 parking spaces are hard to find, there is often no alternative to walking.
On the other hand, those who live in the 54 and suburbs do not have to walk every day. In fact, the opposite is often true. To go to school, work, or almost anywhere 55 , they must ride in cars.
PART THREE: READING COMPREHENSION (30分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
At dawn on Friday, May 19, 1780, farmers in New England stopped to wonder at the pink color of the sun. By noon the sky had darkened to midnight blackness, causing Americans, still in the painful struggle of a prolonged war of independence, to light candles and tremble at thoughts of the Last Judgment. As the birds quieted and no storm accompanied the darkness, men and women crowded into churches, where one minister commented that “The people were very attentive.” John Greenleaf Whittier later wrote that “Men prayed, and women wept; all ears grew sharp . . .”
A recent study of researchers, led by Richard Guyette from the University of Missouri’s Tree Ring Laboratory, has shown that vast forest fires in the Algonquin Highlands of southern Ontario and elsewhere in Canada brought this event upon New England. The scientists have discovered “fire scars” on the rings for that year, left when the heat of a wildfire has killed a part of a tree’s cambium (形成层). Evidence collected also points to a drought that year. An easterly wind and low barometric pressure (低气压) helped force smoke into the upper atmosphere. “The record fits pretty close,” says Guyette. “We had the right fuel, the drought. The co nditions were all there.”
Lacking the ability to communicate quickly over long distances, Americans in 1780 remained in the dark about the event, which had disappeared by the next day. Over the next several months, the papers carried heated debates about what brought the darkness. Some were the voices of angry prediction, such as one Massachusetts farmer
who wrote, “Oh! Backsliding New-England, attend now to the things which belong to your peace before they are forever hid from your eyes.” Others gave diffe rent answers. One stated that a “flaming star” had passed between the earth and the sun. Ash, argued another commentator. The debate, carried on throughout New England, where there were no scientific journals or academies yet, reflected an unfolding culture of scientific enquiry already sweeping the Western world, a revolution nearly as influential as the war for independence from the English.
New Englanders would not soon forget that dark day; it lived on in folklore, poems, and sermons for generations.
56. New Englanders crowded into churches because they were frightened by .
A. the pink color of the sun
B. the darkened sky at daytime
C. the Last Judgment on Friday
D. the American War of Independence
57. What can we infer about the event in New England on May 19, 1780?
A. Prayers remained silent and attentive.
B. Night birds no longer came out to sing.
C. People’s ears became sharper than usual.
D. Midday meals were served by candlelight.
58. According to the researchers, the origin of the event was .
A. an east wind
B. a severe drought
C. some burning fuel
D. low barometric pressure
59. What can we know about the debates after the dark day?
A. They focused on causes of the event.
B. They swept throughout the Western world.
C. They were organized by scientific institutions.
D. They improved Americans’ ability to communicate.
60. What can be the best title for the text?
A. New England’s dark day.
B. Voices of angry prediction.
C. There is no smoke without fire.
D. Tree rings and scientific discovery.
B
Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand (缕) of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.
The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.
“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Ceiling, a geologist at the University of Utah.
While U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.
Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.
Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.
Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.
They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of rain systems.
“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),” Ceding said. “It’s good for eliminating many possibi lities.”
Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.
The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.
When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.
She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.
“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said. “But it narrows it way down for me.”
61. According to the passage scientists’ new discovery is that .
A. One’s hair growth has to do with the amount o f water they drink.
B. A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.
C. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.
D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.
62. The underlined sentence “You’re what you eat and drink” (Line 1, Para. 3) means .
A. Food and drink affect one’s personality development.
B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.
C. Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.
D. Food and drink are indispensable to one’s existe nce.
63. Which of the following is true of the rainfall in America’s West?
A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.
B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.
C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.
D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.
64. Cerling’s team produced in their research?
A. a map showing the regional differences of tap water
B. a collection of hair samples from various barber shops
C. a method to measure the amount of water in human hair
D. a chart illustrating the movement of the rain system
65. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?
A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.
B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.
C. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.
D. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.
C
Many Older Doctors Plan to Give up Their Practice
The results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next l to 3 years. The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.
The survey, which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins＆Associates, a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm, suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the changes that have taken place in medicine over the years.
"When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine, they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged. But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out," Mark Smith, executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins ＆Associates, said in a statement. "Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-to-65 age group." This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U. S. If they stop working in the coming years, it will have a "significant impact" on the overall supply of physicians, Smith told Reuters Health.
The results of the survey, which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）, show that 24 percent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically, 14 percent said they were planning on retiring, 7 percent said they were looking for a medical job in a non-patient care setting, and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medical field.
For those physicians not leaving clinical practice, many said they would make changes to reduce the number of patients they treat. For instance, 12 percent said they would begin working part-time, 8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load, and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.
When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today, 68 percent of the respondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 0 30 years ago. Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children. Similarly, 44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today.
"The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to either abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years, or significantly reduce the number of patients they see," Smith said. "The U. S. already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians. Should older, ‘workhorse' physicians choose to give up patient care, access to medical services will be further restricted."
66. Which is NOT true of physicians in the 50-to-65 age group in the U. S.?
A. They are mostly baby boomers.
B. They have nothing to complain about.
C. Many of them plan to gradually stop their practice.
D. They account for over one-third of all physicians in the country.
67. The survey was focused on .
A. the living conditions of older physicians in the U. S.
B. the career plans of older physicians in the U. S.
C. the retirement plans of older physicians in the U. S.
D. the achievements of older physicians in the U.S.
68. Many older physicians in the U. S. view the work ethic of their younger
counterparts .
A. with appreciation
B. with disapproval
C. with jealous
D. with indifference
69. In the eyes of many older physicians, medicine .
A. comes first in their choice of a career for their children
B. remains their lifelong pursuit
C. is not as good a career as it used to be
D. is more demanding than it used to be
70. If many older physicians stop working in the coming years, Americans will have .
A. even less access to medical services
B. even better patient care
C. a shortage of younger physicians
D. more job opportunities
PART FOUR WRITING
Section A (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Losing weight is difficult, and keeping it off may be even harder. So Harvard researchers set out to determine exactly how much physical activity women need in midlife to avoid gaining weight as they age.
The researchers found that an hour of moderate activity a day — including such recreational activities as brisk walking, leisurely bicycling, ballroom dancing and playing with children —prevented women of normal weight from gaining more than five pounds over any three-year period. Half that amount of vigorous activity, like running, jogging or fast biking, will do the trick as well, they said.
Women who got the same amount of exercise but were heavier to start with were not able to avoid gaining weight, however. Neither were women of normal weight who
got less than seven hours a week of moderate activity, according to the study, published in the March 24 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association. The average weight gain over the course of the 15-year study, which followed 34,079 healthy women with an average age of 54 at the beginning, was just over five pounds. The researchers did not take diet into account.
“It’s so hard to lose weight and maintain the loss, so whatever weight you are, you should try to stay that weight —that is a success,” said the paper’s lead author, Dr. I-Min Lee, an associate professor of epidemiology at Harvard School of Public Health.
But any amount of exercise is beneficial, she emphasized. “People shouldn’t just throw up their hands and say, ‘Sixty minutes? I can’t do that,’ and give up. Health is more than weight.”
Title:A research on how to 71
Section B (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span(视幅). The length of time of which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability t o read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading
a continuous text.
81. Show at least three facts which can affect the time of the recognition span. （no more than 14 words）(2分)
____________________________ _______________
82.what does reading require according to the writer?（no more than 8 words）(2分)
________________________ ____ _______________
83. What is the attitude of the author towards reading improvement courses mentioned in the passage? ( one word ) (3分)
________________________ ____ _______________
84. What will probably the writer talk about next? （no more than 12 words）(3分) _______________________ _____ _______________
Section C
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你的同学在近段学习生活中遇到了一些困惑，请你就其中的一至两个进行描述，并提出你的解决办法。
要求：字数不少于1
宁乡县湖南新课新课标高考仿真试卷
英语参考答案
tiredness中任选三个
82 the ability to understand the relationship between words
83 critical
84 Effective ways of training students to read a continuous text. Section C (25分)