Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点 1. We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly. A.which B.as C.why D.where 2.He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car. A.which B.as C.why D.where 两道题都选where ，但是case, situation 都不是地点，如何理解？ 在“先行词不是表示地点的名词”的前提下，如何判断是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题是一个高频考点。就是说，关系副词where所指代的先行词不只是表示地点的名词。 用Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解，当where引导定语从句时，它的先行词就是表示地点的名词，但事实并不是我
们想象的那么简单。很多情况下，where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请看以下几个例句： 1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other. 请记住，最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。 点评：这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one，也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词，但此处却用了where来引导，where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看，定语从句不缺主语和宾语，引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。 2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low. 欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生：利益重大， 而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。
where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词。 一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。 The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 注：有时point也可以是具体的地点： Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。 The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。 二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。 三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。 四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。 五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。 六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
从句就相当于一个形容词， 而且从句前面一定有一个先行词， 从句必有缺少的成分（主语，宾语，状语）。 如果先行词在从句做主语，则用which / that / who(人) 如果先行词在从句做宾语，则用which/ that/ who(人) /whom(人)或者不填引导词 如果先行词在从句做状语，时间用when，地点用where。 定语从句及相关术语： 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 先行词：被限制或修饰的主句的主语。 （一）限定性定语从句 一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语） 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：this is the book （which）you want。]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 二、关系副词（在句中作状语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表 示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解？ 在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。
用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点： 1．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom （指人），即：介词+which/whom。不能用that 和who。 .This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。 Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。 2．有时介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可用which/that(指物)， who/whom/that（指人），也可以省略。 . The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。 3．当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配，不可分割时，那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。 .This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。 不能写成：This is the pen for which I’m looking. 4．定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。 . That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。 The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。 5．引导定语从句的关系副词(when, where, why) 可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。 .I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party. (when= on which). 我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。 The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. (where = in which). 父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。 None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which). 我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下： 表时间的名词+ when + 定语从句 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I’ll never forget the day when I joined t he army. 表地点的名词+ where + 定语从句 where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示： That is the reason I did the job. 又如：This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子： *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School. **This is the hospital where my mother works. **This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. ***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office . 2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+ which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which= when) This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where) Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why) 有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词+ which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如： My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river. At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhou se. 3) 关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。
、先行词指人,在句中作主语who: John,who is only five,has an inborn talent for music. (约翰是一外5岁大的孩子,有着天生的音乐才能。) 2、先行词指人,在句中作宾语whom: His wife,whom you met at my home,was a teacher. (他的妻子，就是你在我家遇见的那个，是一位老师。) 3、先行词指物,在句中作主语或宾语which: Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.(那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。) 注意：无论先行词指人或者指物,在句中作主语或者作宾语，非限制性定语从句的引导词都不能用that。 4、先行词在句中作定语，无论指人或者指物,引导词都用whose: The girl,whose name is Kate,is the top of the students in our school.(那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生，她的名字叫Kate。) The book,whose cover is red,is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。) 5、先行词指物，在句中作时间状语用when： The sports meeting will be put off till next month,when we will have made all the preparations.(运动会将被推迟到下个月，那时我们做好一切准备。) 6、The next day we arrived in New York,where we were inerviewed on the radio.（第二天我们到达纽约，在那里我们接受了电台的采访。） 7、如果先行词作介词的宾语，先行词指人，介词提前的结构是：介词＋whom；先行词指物，介词提前的结构是：介词＋which: President Wilson,with whom he had not the same intimate relations,is treated much less sympathetically.(威尔逊总统与他没有同样的亲密关系，所以就没有被很同情地对待。) The Second World War,in which millions of people were killed,ended in 1945.(第二次世界大战造成数百万人的死亡，于1945年结束。) 8、as也可以引导定语从句，常与such连用： Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.(象你所描绘的那种人现在已经很少见了。) Let's disscuss only such questions as concern us.(让我们只讨论那些和我们有关的问题吧。) 注意：the same that+从句，意思是：正是那一个人或物；the same as+从句，意思是：就像某个人或物： He is the same man that you are looking for.(他就是你要找的那个人。) He is the same man as you met in the street.(他很象你昨天在街上遇见的那个人。实际上并不是那个人。) This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.(这就是我昨天丢失的那支笔。) This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.(这很像昨天我丢失的那支笔。)
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。 关系代词和关系副词的作用： 先行词指物时，关系代词用that 或which（在句中作主语或宾语）。 如：China is a country which / that has a large population. The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite. 先行词指人时，关系代词用（who）作主语或宾语，whom (作宾语)，whose (作定语)，that (作主语或宾语)。如： The man who is mending the machine has been retired. This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday. I like the girl whose mother is an actor. 注意：下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或who。 先行词是指物的不代词，如：all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。如：I didn't understand the words all that he said. 2．先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。如：This is the most beautiful place that I have been to . 行词既包括人，也包括物。如：They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road. 当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如：who is the man that opened up the lab. 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ He is a friend ______ can help you in time of need. A. who he B. whose C. / D. who 解析：引导词在定语从句中做主语，指人。应选D 。 The most important thing ______ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said. A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that 解析：先行词前有序数词，最高级时，引导次只能用that. 应选D. This is the only one of these books that ______worth reading. A．has B. have C. is D. are 解析：引导词that在句中作主语，代指one ，应选C。 The man ______ talked to you just now is my father. A. who B. he C. which D. whose 解析：引导词在句中作主语指人，应选A. They thought too much about ______. A. which I had said B. what I had said C. that I had said D. I had said 解析：此题引导词作在从句中作宾语，表示说话的内容，应选B。 一、选择最佳答案填空： 1．Did you find the notebook ______ Jim had given me for my birthday? A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 2. That's all ______ I have seen and heard.
which引导的定语从句的用法 WHICH可以引导定语从句，修饰表示事物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语。例如：HEWASREADINGABOOK， WHICHWASABOUTWAR.他正在读一本关于战争的书。（关系代词WHICH在修饰BOOK的定语从句中充当主语。） HEWASREADINGABOOK，WHICHHEHADBOUGHTFROMLONDON.他正在读一本书，这本书是从伦敦买回来的。（关系代词WHICH在修饰BOOK的定语从句中充当宾语。） WHICH引导非限定性定语从句时有一个特殊用法，即它所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句中更多的部分甚至整个主句（这时被定语从句所修饰的“先行词”要作广义理解），WHICH仍在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例如：HESETFREETHEBIRDSHAPPILY， WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS.他开心地把鸟放了，这是对他成功的一种庆祝。 把非限定性定语从句“WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS”的先行词视为主句中的“THEBIRDS”显然不符合整句的语境，被 “WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS”所修饰的是整个主句，WHICH所引导的这类特殊的非限定性定语从句对主句所叙述的情况进行某种意义的补充说明，WHICH常可译为“这一点，这件事”。 ［考题1］ YOUCANFINDWHATEVERYOUNEEDATTHESHOPPINGCENTRE， ____ISALWAYSBUSYATTHEWEEKEND.（2006上海春） A.THAT B.WHERE C.WHAT D.WHICH ［答案］D
测试科目：高一英语备课时间：50分钟备选题目：关系代词引导的定语从句 备课方案如下 关系代词引导的定语从句 定义理解 定语：对名词或代词起修饰或限定作用的词、短语或句子。先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词，可分为关系代词和关系副词。 例句分析： The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher. 先行词定语从句 分析：关系词whom 主句The woman is our English teacher 定语从句whom you saw in the park
关系代词的主要用法 1.关系代词指物时，关系代词用which或that China is a country which has a large population. 2.关系代词指人时，关系代词用who/whom。若后面 紧跟名词表所属，则用whose The boy who is in red over there is my brother. The boy whose clothes is red is my brother. 3.以下四种情况只能用that 1）当先行词是all,much,little,few等不定代词时You should hand in all that you have. I did nothing that might hurt you. 2）当先行词是序数词、形容词、最高级或先行词有only,the same,the very,the last等词修饰时 This is the best film that has been shown so far in this city. Chatting is the only thing that interested her most. 3）当先行词既有指人又有指物的词时 She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in. 4）当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Who is the person that is standing at the gate.
最新英语定语从句题20套(带答案) 一、定语从句 1．There will be a stamp show in the museum ______ we visited last week. A．who B．when C．which D．what 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。 关系代词的用法。who的先行词是人；when的先行词是时间名词，在从句中作状语；what不能引导定语从句，此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum，在从句中作visit的宾语，故选C。 2．When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common. A．what B．who C．where D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 life，表示“物”，用引导词 that，在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”，引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。 【点睛】 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。 3．The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue． A．which B．that C．/ D．it 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语，由于它前面有修饰语only，所以只能用关系代词that，不能用which，因此选B。 考点：考查定语从句。 4．I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall. A．who B．which C．whom D．that
定语从句之关系词的选择 一、复习： 1.定语从句的定义:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：被修饰的名词或者代词叫做先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 4.关系词：关系代词：which,that,who,whom,whose 关系副词：when,where,why Eg. This is the book___________my father bought for me.（物，宾语） This is a book________has 199 pages.(物，主语) He is the man__________bought a book for me.（人，主语） The boy_________his father bought a book for is Bob.（人，宾语） The boy_________father bought a book for him is Bob.（人，定语） The book________color is red is Bob’s.(物，定语) The visited the town________I lived.(地点状语) They visited the town________I liked.(物，宾语) I will never forget the day_______Obama met Bao Zheng.(时间状语) I will never forget the time________I spent on campus.(物，宾语) That was the reason_______he gave me yesterday.(物，直接宾语) That was the reason________I began to learn photoshop.(原因状语) 关系代词和关系副词用法总结 关系词先行词关系词在定语从句中的成分which 物主语，宾语（可省略） that 人，物主语，宾语（可省略） who 人主语 whom 人宾语（可省略） whose 人，物定语 when 时间状语 where 地点状语 why 原因状语 二、关系词选择两步骤。 1.看先行词是人还是物。 2.看先行词在从句中所处的地位：主语，宾语，定语——关系代词；状语-----关系副词
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。一．介词选择的主要标准 1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配 Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。( to a degree ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。( in the play ) The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配 Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？( shake hands with sb. ) Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。(suffer from sth. ) 3.介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配 Ours is a beautiful country , of which we are greatly proud . 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家，我们为之感到很自豪。( be proud of ) The woman to whom Spielberg is married is an actress. 同斯皮尔伯格结婚的女人是一位演员。( be married to ) The woman to whom he was engaged was a doctor. 他与之订婚的那个女士是位医生。(be engaged to ) 4.有时关系代词前用什么介词，要根据句子的意思来决定，此时不但要注意其前的搭配，也要注意其后的搭配 I was a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was , she had ran back in the direction from which she had come.看见一位妇女在黑暗中像我走来，我还没来得及认清她是谁，她已经从她来的方向跑回去了。（如果仅注意先行词，很容易受习惯心里的影响而使用in this direction 的搭配，但考虑到语境后的come ，则应该使用from。） He was educated at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University. 他在当地一所高中上学，之后他上了北京大学。（after which 的意思就是“在当地一所高中接受完教育之后”）。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm. by which time many have got home.在 办公室我好像总是没时间，只有等到下午五点半，而那个时候大家都已经回家了。（此句不能受at 5:30 pm 的通常表达的影响而选用介词at, 而应该依据整个句子的语意来确定介词。）5.表示“所有格”或“整体与部分关系”时，用介词of The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.这次环球旅行老水手用了9个月，其中航行的时间是226天。 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. 这个工厂每年生产50万双鞋，其中的（指50万双鞋）80%销往海外。 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most of whom
定语从句要点 1. 定语从句：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 3. 关系词：代替先行词，起连接先行词和定语从句的作用（两个句子必需要有连词连接。） 关系代词：（代词）代替先行词，在定从句作主/宾/表 关系词 关系副词：（副词）代替先行词，在定从中作状语 关系代词 1. 先行词为人（sb）: who ,whom, that, whose, as 2. 先行词为物（sth）: which, that, whose, as 关系副词：when where why 4. 如何区分主从句？ 1).抓住表示时态的动词 2).看哪个动词前有连词 3)连词和后面的动词构成从句，动词前没有连词的那个动词就应是主句的谓语. 5. 关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 在限制性定语从句中，who 代替先行词在定语从句中作主/宾/表均可，如 who作宾语可省略 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，who代替先行词在定语从句中只能作主语，且不能省略 1. 在限制性定语从句中，whom代替先行词，在定语从句中作宾/表，如作宾语可省略。 whom 2. 在非限制定语从句中，whom代替先行词，在定语从句中作宾/表，但不能省略。 sb 3. 先行词为人时，在介词加关系代词中只能用whom,不能用who和that。 1. 只能用于限制性定语从句中，不能用于非限制性定语从句中，也不能用that 于介词+ that关系代词（没有介词+ that的情况） 2. 在限制性定语从句中，that代替先行词，在定语从句中作主/宾/表，如作宾语可省略 1. 在限制性定语从句中，which代替先行词，在定语从句中，作主/宾/表，如作宾语， 可省略 which 2. 在非限制定语从句中，which代替先行词，在定语从句中作主/宾/表， 但不可省略，即使宾语也不可省略 Sth 3. 先行词为物时，在介词+关系代词中，只能用which,不能用whom/that 1.只能用于限制性定语从句中，不能用于非限制性定语从句中，也不能用that于介词+关系 that 代词。（没有介词+ that的情况） 2.在限制性定语从句中，that代替先行词，在定语从句中，作主/宾/表，如作宾语，可省略that。 6. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句： 1. 限制性定语从句（无逗号隔开） 定语从句 2. 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开） 1. 限制性定语从句，对先行词起限制修饰作用，是先行词必不可少的部分，如果去掉了定语从句，先行词 就不完整，在翻译时，翻译成一个句子，关系词不翻译。 2. 非限制性定语从句，是对先行词起补充说明作用，非限制性定语从句可有可无，省略非限制性定语从句 之后，句子仍然是完整的。翻译时，翻译成两个句子，先翻主句，再翻从句。