What is love? Five theories on the greatest emotion of all
"What is love" was the most searched phrase on Google in 2012, according to the company. In an attempt to get to the bottom of the question once and for all, the Guardian has gathered writers from the fields of science, psychotherapy, literature, religion and philosophy to give their definition of the much-pondered word.
Jim Al-Khalili
Biologically, love is a powerful neurological condition like hunger or thirst, only more permanent. We talk about love being blind or unconditional, in the sense that we have no control over it. But then, that is not so surprising since love is basically chemistry. While lust is a temporary passionate sexual desire involving the increased release of chemicals such as testosterone and oestrogen, in true love, or attachment and bonding, the brain can release a whole set of chemicals: pheromones, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, oxytocin and vasopressin. However, from an evolutionary perspective, love can be viewed as a survival tool –a mechanism we have evolved to promote long-term relationships, mutual defence and parental support of children and to promote feelings of safety and security.
? Jim Al-Khalili is a theoretical physicist and science writer
Philippa Perry
Unlike us, the ancients did not lump all the various emotions that we label "love" under the one word. They had several variations, including:
Philia which they saw as a deep but usually non-sexual intimacy between close friends and family members or as a deep bond forged by soldiers as they fought alongside each other in battle. Ludus describes a more playful affection found in fooling around or flirting. Pragma is the mature love that develops over a long period of time between long-term couples and involves actively practising goodwill, commitment, compromise and understanding. Agape is a more generalised love, it's not about exclusivity but about love for all of humanity. Philautia is self love, which isn't as selfish as it sounds. As Aristotle discovered and as any psychotherapist will tell you, in order to care for others you need to be able to care about yourself. Last, and probably least even though it causes the most trouble, eros is about sexual passion and desire. Unless it morphs into philia and/or pragma, eros will burn itself out.
Love is all of the above. But is it possibly unrealistic to expect to experience all six types with only one person. This is why family and community are important.
? Philippa Perry is a psychotherapist and auth or of Couch Fiction
Julian Baggini
The answer remains elusive in part because love is not one thing. Love for parents, partners, children, country, neighbour, God and so on all have different qualities. Each has its variants –
blind, one-sided, tragic, steadfast, fickle, reciprocated, misguided, unconditional. At its best, however, all love is a kind a passionate commitment that we nurture and develop, even though it usually arrives in our lives unbidden. That's why it is more than just a powerful feeling. Without the commitment, it is mere infatuation. Without the passion, it is mere dedication. Without nurturing, even the best can wither and die.
? Julian Baggini is a philosopher and writer
Jojo Moyes
What love is depends on where you are in relation to it. Secure in it, it can feel as mundane and necessary as air –you exist within it, almost unnoticing. Deprived of it, it can feel like an obsession; all consuming, a physical pain. Love is the driver for all great stories: not just romantic love, but the love of parent for child, for family, for country. It is the point before consummation of it that fascinates: what separates you from love, the obstacles that stand in its way. It is usually at those points that love is everything.
? Jojo Moyes is a t wo-time winner of the Romantic Novel of the Year award
Catherine Wybourne
Love is more easily experienced than defined. As a theological virtue, by which we love God above all things and our neighbours as ourselves for his sake, it seems remote until we encounter it enfleshed, so to say, in the life of another –in acts of kindness, generosity and self-sacrifice. Love's the one thing that can never hurt anyone, although it may cost dearly. The paradox of love is that it is supremely free yet attaches us with bonds stronger than death. It cannot be bought or sold; there is nothing it cannot face; love is life's greatest blessing.
Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic: Psychological Health of College Students. In the essay, you should present the psychologal problems among college students and offer your opinion on how to cope with them. 一位学生向我求一篇关于大学生的心理健康的英文作文。我想这是一个好题材，于是答应写一篇。不过当我拿起笔要写的时候，心情却是 十分深重。我不由想起多年前后我曾经辅导过的一位女中学生。她是一 位聪明勤奋的女孩，考上一所名牌医科大学。令人意想不到是入学不到 一年她自杀了，原因竟然是一次考试没有考好。真是领人婉惜，但愿这 样的悲剧不再发生。现在大学生的心理健康问题确实需要全社会的关注， 如何提高大学生的心理素质是一个亟待解决的重要问题。 这篇作文我是这样构思的：第一段描述当今大学生心理健康的现状，分析原因，提出主题――需要心理咨询和援助。第二段就大学应建立 有效的心理咨询机制，加强大学生的心理健康教育提出建议。第三段就 大学生如何应对心理问题提出看法。 范文 Psychological Health og College Students Nowadays, college students are faced with more psychological problems than ever before. it has been reported over and over again that some college students, including doctoral candidates, resort to the extreme means of committing suicide simply because they could not bear the stress from their studies, interpersonal relationship and love affairs. Since many college students are “only child” in the family, their psychological capacity is too fragile to cope with stressful situations. Therefore, they urgently need psychological counseling and assistance. Unfortunately, for so many years importance has been attached to academic performance of college students while insufficient care has been given to their psychological well-being. So it is high time that something should be done to improve the inadequate situation. In my view, an effective system of psychological counseling should be established in colleges and universites. What’s more important, psychological education should be enforced among college students so that the troubled students can be aware of their psychological problems and have readiness to seek psychological help. As to the students, in my opinion, they should have enough courage to admit their psycholgical problems though it is not easy to do so. Besides, they need learn to talk about their private and personal feelings with others, as with their parents, friends, teachers. In case of mental disorder, they should on no account hesitate to go to psychological counselors for help. Seeking psycholocial help requires a great deal of determination and commitment. I am confident that with joint efforts of universities and students we can expect psychologically sound growth of college students.
(一) 假定你是红星中学初三学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国新近出现的一种共享单车“mobike”很感兴趣，并请你做个简要介绍。请你给Jim回信，内容包括： 1. 这种单车的使用方法(如：APP查看车辆、扫码开锁等); 2. 这种单车的优势; 3. 你对这种单车的看法。 注意：1. 词数不少于80; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词：智能手机smartphone, 二维码the QR code 参考范文 Dear Jim, I’m writing to tell you more about the new form of sharing bike mobike mentioned in your latest letter. It’s very convenient to use if you have a smartphone. What you do is find a nearest mobikethrough the APP, scan the QR code on the bike, and enjoy your trip. Compared to other forms of sharing bike, the greatest advantage of mobike is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. It is becoming a new trend as a means of transportation, which relieves the traffic pressure and does good to the environment as well. Hope to ride a mobike with you in China. Yours, Li Hua (二) 最近很多大城市都投放了共享单车(shared bikes)，比如摩拜单车(Mobike)、Ofo共享单车等。由于它们方便停放，骑车也能起到锻炼身体的作用，作为代步工具很受大家欢迎。但是，各地也出现了很多毁车现象，比如刮掉车上的二维码(QR code)、上私锁等。 你对这种现象怎么看?你对共享单车公司有什么建议吗?写一篇符合逻辑的英语短文，80词左右。 参考词汇：bike-sharing companies 共享单车公司，Mobike 和Ofo 是两家共享单车公司，convenience 方便，register登记 参考范文 The shared bikes like Mobike and Ofo bring great convenience to people. You needn’t lock them by simply using your smart phone. They can take you where the subway and bus don’t go. And they can be left anywhere in public for the next user. However, bad things happen. Some people damage the QR code on the bike, or use their own lock, which causes trouble to other users. In my opinion, it’s difficult to turn these people’s ideas in a short time. Therefore, bike-sharing companies like Mobike and Ofo need to do something. For example, those who damage the bike should pay for their actions. Also, because people use their real name toregister as a user, it’s a good way to connect to one’s personal credit. In the end, what I want to say is to take good care of public services. (三) 共享单车(bicycle sharing)已成为时下最热的话题之一，请你就这一话题写一篇短文。内容须包括三方面：1. 共享单车蓬勃发展，成为社会热潮;2. 共享单车带来便利，但也存在问题;3. 我对解决问题的建议。 参考范文 Bicycle Sharing With the development of technology, bicycle sharing comes into people's lives. It becomes more and more popular and much news reported it. At the same time, we should see that there are some problems caused by bicycle sharing. On one side, bicycle sharing makes it very convenient of people traveling. You can find a bicycle anywhere at any time when you want to go out for a cycling, and the price of one trip is very low. It can save time for people. On the other side, its management is not perfect. Even kids can open the lock and ride the bicycle, there is no doubt that such behavior is very dangerous.
介绍北京的英语作文(2) AsBeijinghasbeenconfirmedhomecityofOlympics2008,the spiritofgreenOlympics,scientificOlympicsandhumanizedOlymp icwillsurelybringmoreandmorechangestoBeijing,promotethed evelopmentofsportsandOlympicsinChinaaswellasintheworld,a ndstrengthenthefriendlycommunicationsbetweenChineseandf oreignpeople. 篇六：Beijing BeijingisthecapitalofPeoplesRepublicofChinaandthenation scentreforpolitics,economyandculture.Itenjoysalongandrichhis tory.Therearenumerousheritagesitesandwonderfulexamplesof ancientarchitecture,suchastheworld-famousGreatWall,theTem pleofHeavenandtheForbiddenCity. Besidessightseeingplaces,therearemanydeliciousfoodsuch asPekingducksandBeijingsnacks.Beijingisreallyagoodplacetotr avel. 篇七：Beijing AsthecaptainofChina，Beijinghasbeenthemostpopularcityofchina。SomoreandmorepeoplewanttovisitBeijing.
心理健康重要性英语作文3篇 心理健康重要性英语作文3篇 引导语：在日常学习、工作抑或是生活中，大家或多或少都会接触过作文吧，作文是由文字组成，经过人的思想考虑，通过语言组织来表达一个主题意义的文体。那么问题来了，到底应如何写一篇优秀的作文呢？下面是小编帮大家整理的心理健康重要性英语作文，希望对大家有所帮助。 心理健康重要性英语作文篇1the general age of college students are between 18 to 25 year. from the psychological point of view, it’s in the medium of youth. some people say that the college students are adults that they handle well with psychological problems. however, the rest argue that college students are not so mature when faced with psychological problems. i agree to the latter and i think it’s necessary to open a psychological lesson to the college students because of the following reasons. 大学生的一般年龄是在18到25之间。从心理的角度来讲，这是青年中期。有的人说大学生是成年人了，能够很好
[标签:标题] 篇一：关于汽车的英语作文 好的 Nowadays, with the rapid improvement of people’s living standards, cars have become an indispensable part of people's lives,so that more and more people have a car of their own, especially in cities. It brings some benefits for us but also causes many problems at the same time. For one thing,there’s no doubt that cars provide much convenience for people to go where they want to quickly and easily. Especially on weekday,driving a car can save a lot of time for us to go to work.When some places are too far away from our home, driving our own car is also convenient, we can go wherever we want. However,for another, too many cars will lead to the pressure of public transport, a series of problems will appear.First of all,it will bring about more air pollution,a large amount of polluted air given off by cars do great harm to our health.What’s more, as the existing roads are not so wide for the increasing number of cars,undoubtedly,traffic jams will become more and more serious. Last but not least, cars also place burden on the public facilities in providing more parking lots. As far as I am concerned,everything has its advantages and disadvantages. It’s high time that effective action must be token to limit the ever growing number of cars, the government should take measures to control the air pollution from the cars. Some roads should be widened and more new roads should be constructed. Only in this way，will people benefit from the popularity of cars. 坏的 Nowadays, with the rapid improvement of people's living standards, cars have become an indispensable part of people's lives,so that more and more people have a car of their own, especially in cities.It brings some benefit for us but also causes many problems at the same time. For one thing,it's no doubt that that cars provide much convenience for people to go where they want to quickly and easily. Especially on weekday,driving a car can save a lot of time for us to go to work.When some places are too far away from our home, driving our own car is also convenient, we can go wherever we want. However,for another, too many cars will lead to the pressure of public transport, a series of problems will appear.First of all,it will bring about more air pollution,a large amount of polluted air given off by cars do great harm to our health .What's more, as the existing roads are not so wide for the increasing number of cars,undoubtedly,traffic jams will become more and more serious. Last but not least, cars also place burden on the public facilities in providing more parking lots. As far as I am concerned,everything has its advantages and disadvantages. It's high time that effective action must be token to limit the ever growing number of cars, the government should take measures to control the air pollution from the cars. Some roads should be widened and more new roads should be constructed. Only in this way,will people benefit from the popularity of cars. 篇二：雅思作文高分范文：私家车的利与弊 智课网IELTS备考资料 雅思作文高分范文：私家车的利与弊
As is known to all, psychological health is as important as, if not more important than, physical health for a student during his/her growth. However, it’s quite worrying that nowadays some students are not quite psychologically healthy. Undoubtedly, schools and universities should take great account in the responsibilities of students’ psychological health. Relevant courses and activities should be introduced to students so that they would be more aware of the significance of psychological health and find appropriate ways to maintain and improve it. For example, there should be a psychological counseling hotline or office for students to turn to when they need some psychological aid. Of course no psychological health can be obtained without the efforts from the students themselves. From my perspective, what they can do is trying to stay positive, optimistic and follow the right guidelines from their schools. To be more specific, they can participate in some activities such as voluntary work to cultivate an opening and caring mind. Meanwhile, harmful impacts from the cyber space should definitely be avoided. 1众所周知，心理健康是一样重要，如果不是更重要的，身体健康的学生在他/她的成长。然而，这是相当令人担忧的是，现在一些学生不健康的心理。2毫无疑问，学校和大学应采取大客户的责任，大学生心理健康。有关课程和活动应向学生介绍了使他们更了解心理健康的意义，找到适当的方式维持和改善。例如，应该有一个心理咨询热线电话或办公室为学生打开当他们需要一些心理援助。3当然，心理健康可以获得不努力的学生。从我的角度来看，他们所能做的就是试着保持积极，乐观和遵循正确的指导方针，从他们的学校。更具体地，他们会去参加一些活动，比如志愿工作，培养一个开放和关怀心。与此同时，有害影响从赛博空间绝对应该避免。 As is known to all, psychological health is as important as, if not more important than, physical health for a student during his/her growth. However, it’s quite worrying that nowadays some students are not quite psychologically healthy. Undoubtedly, schools and universities should take great account in the responsibilities of students’ psychological health. Relevant courses and activities should be introduced to students so that they would be more aware of the significance of psychological health and find appropriate ways to maintain and improve it. For example, there should be a psychological counseling hotline or office for students to turn to when they need some psychological aid. Of course no psychological health can be obtained without the efforts from the students themselves. From my perspective, what they can do is trying to stay positive, optimistic and follow the right guidelines from their schools. To be more specific, they can participate in some activities such as voluntary work to cultivate an opening and caring mind. Meanwhile, harmful impacts from the cyber space should definitely be avoided. 1众所周知，心理健康是一样重要，如果不是更重要的，身体健康的学生在他/她的成长。然而，这是相当令人担忧的是，现在一些学生不健康的心理。2毫无疑问，学校和大学应采取大客户的责任，大学生心理健康。有关课程和活动应向学生介绍了使他们更了解心理健康的意义，找到适当的方式维持和改善。例如，应该有一个心理咨询热线电话或办公室为学生打开当他们需要一些心理援助。3当然，心理健康可以获得不努力的学生。从我的角度来看，他们所能做的就是试着保持积极，乐观和遵循正确的指导方针，从他们的学校。更具体地，他们会去参加一些活动，比如志愿工作，培养一个开放和关怀心。与此同时，有害影响从赛博空间绝对应该避免。
介绍北京的英语作文1篇 篇一MyFamily Ilovemyfamily,becauseIhaveahappyfamily. MyfatherisanEnglishteacher.HisnameisJacky.Heisthirty-eight.Helikesplay ingbasketball.What’smymotherjop?Issheateacher?Yes,you’reright!Mymotherisverykindandnice,sheisthirty-seven.Mymotherisalways laboriouswork.Ilovemyparents! OnStaurdayandSunday,Ioftengotothelibraryandplaythepiano,Myfathergot oplaybasketball.Sometimes,wewatchTVandlistentomusicathome. Ilovemyfamily.BecauseI’mveryhappytolivewithmyparentstogether! 篇二MyFamily MyFamily Everyonehasafamily.Weliveinitandfeelverywarm.Therearethreepersonsin myfamily,mymother,fatherandI.Welivetogetherveryhappilyandtherearema nyinterestingstoriesaboutmyfamily. Myfatherisahard-workingman.Heworksasadoctor.Healwaystrieshisbesttoh elpevery,patientandmakepatientscomfortable.Butsonetimesheworkssohard thathecan”trememberthedate.
如何保持心理健康英语作文 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《如何保持心理健康英语作文》的内容，具体内容：写一篇关于保持心理健康的英语作文，大家会表达出什么样的论点呢?下面是我给大家整理的，供大家参阅!篇1currently the psychologically heal... 写一篇关于保持心理健康的英语作文，大家会表达出什么样的论点呢?下面是我给大家整理的，供大家参阅! 篇1 currently the psychologically health should be paid more attention.ii`s the recult to lead to an army of healthy problems. generally speaking, an ocean of experiences can beat the psychologically balance.firstly,losing the job is a terrible news to every one.secondly,they may be anxious if they get a higher stress.in addition, people would break out when they are feeling https://www.doczj.com/doc/688366134.html,st but not least,you cann`t escape from the stress if you have a bad relationship to each other. for my part,i advise that every one should make differents in the same thing.like a coin,no garden has no weeds,the good side is behind the bad side,you just turn it over.for another,you must change the your attention when you are lose the balance.you can play something what you like or communicate with your good friends.
汽车的重要性《英语作文》 The automobile has become one of the most important means/ways of transportation in the world since it was invented. The automobile has completely changed the lifestyles of almost all the people in the world. In the past, animals like horses and camels were used for traveling and transporting goods. Automobiles are more comfortable and faster. Automobiles have also made it possible for us to transport large quantities of goods and people at the same time. Besides, the invention of the automobile has provided jobs for millions of people all over the world. 翻译： 汽车已经成为世界上最重要的交通工具之一，因为它是发明的。汽车已经完全改变了世界上几乎所有的人的生活方式。 在过去，像马和骆驼的动物被用来运送货物。汽车更舒适，更快速。汽车也使我们能够在同一时间运送大量货物和人。 此外，汽车的发明为全世界上百万的人提供了工作。
三一文库（https://www.doczj.com/doc/688366134.html,） 〔我想去北京英语作文〕 我想去北京的英语作文如何写？那么，下面是小编给大家整理收集的我想去北京英语作文，供大家阅读参考。 我想去北京英语作文1 I’d like to go to a beautiful place. I think it would be Beijing. Beijing is not only our capital city, but also a famous city with long history and wonderful culture. Beijing is also China’s political and cultural center. There’re many old places of great interest, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and Tiananmen Square. Once you see Tiananmen Square, you will think of Beijing. It has been the symbol of Beijing since 1949. 我想去北京英语作文2 I went to Beijing more than eight times. Beijing is the capital of China. It’s a big city. I am very familiar with Beijing. It takes an hour and forty minutes from Nantong to Beijing by plane. There are many tall buildings in Beijing. It’s a modern city. My family visited the Great Wall, the Summer
The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood As society develops,most people have to face diverse pressure which is brought about by work,study,family,friends,etc.Thus,it’s immensely vital to have a positive attitude to relieve mental stress. In fact,people are attaching much importance to keep a good mood to life. For one thing,keeping a positive attitude is good for people’s physical and mental health.Psychologists have convinced that keeping a good mood can give people a sound sleep,and people’s lifestyle will be more regular with it.Furthermore,positive mindset is a way to success because confidence is necessary for everyone who succeed in his/her majority. For another thing,people’s life will be better and others surrounded them will also be influenced with positive attitude.If you give your friend a hug when he/she is depressed,he/she may feel warm for your embrace.Gradually,you have a host of outgoing and optimistic friends and they can influence their friends as you did. From my point of view, everyone is looking forward to keeping a good mood anytime.However,we know without the slightest doubt that life is like a colorful picture ,for we undoubtedly meet failure sometime.So we should learn to face troubles and cope with them bravely.Only after we have overcame these troubles will God promise us a good mood and welfare.
汽车英文演讲稿 篇一：汽车英语演讲稿 Good morning everyone ,today, the topic of my lecture（演讲） is “Do you love automobiles（'tmbilz）”. before I start my speech ,I want to ask a question,did there anybody present had seen the movie”the Fast and the Furious['fjrs]”.There are many cars of different styles in the movie,for example ,when you see the movie,you can find roadsters（跑车） just like Porsche（保时捷） GT3,sports utility (通用的）vehicles （车）SUV such as Volkswagen ['f:lks,va:gn]Touareg ['twɑ:reɡ](大众途锐）,even armored cars ,all of them are so powerful and beautiful. When I was a child,I dreamed I can have a car like FORD GT 40,this racing bike（跑车） is amazing and fantastic,but as time goes on ,my hobby is changing,now my favorite car is Jeep Rubicon,this is a car I really want ,it’s dynamic performance（性能） and off-road （越野） performance is top-ranking（一流的） ,which other ordinary SUV is unable to compare; the shape and color of this car is magnificent (华丽的） [mg'nfs()nt],and it’s gear-shift system（齿轮转