SCI论文写作句式（完善版）
写作框架图:
Abstract
论文主题
理论基础、研究方法
研究结果
结论、影响和价值
Introduction
背景介绍
该领域研究现状概述、现有问题
引出本文研究目标
研究范畴、具体研究过程
说明篇章结构
Materials and methods
术语定义、对象描述
实验方法、原理
实验步骤
示例、图示
Results
列举最重要的结果
Discussion
结果推论
解释原因
对比他人的结果
比较性能
是否符合理论模型
本文结果意义
本文研究的局限
研究展望
Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Abstract
摘要以最简洁的文字概括论文，点明研究的目的、途径、结果、意义，以便读者决定是否要阅读全文。摘要一般包含几项内容：
1. 论文主题（1句）
2. 理论基础、途径、方法（1-2句）
3. 研究结果（1句）
4. 影响和价值（1句）
1.论文主题
In this paper, we present a … approach to …
本文提出了一种针对…的…方法。
In this paper, we describe improved … models for …
本文介绍几种针对…的改进的…模型。
We propose a new … model and … algorithm that enables us to …
我们提出一种新的…模型和…算法，它让我们能够…
We present a … model that enables …
我们提出了一种…模型，它使我们能够…
This paper dem onstrates the ability of … to perform robust and accurate …
本文证明了…进行…可靠准确的…的能力。
In this paper we report results of a … approach to …
本文报导了…的…方法的实验结果。
This paper demonstrates that … can effectively … with very high accuracy.
本文证明，…能够有效地准确地…
The purpose/g oal/intention/objective/object/emphasis/aim of this paper is …
本文的目的是…
The primary/chief/overall/main object of this study is to survey …
本研究的首要目标是考察…
The chief aim of this paper/research/study/experiment/the present work is …
本文的主要目标是…
The emphasis of this study lies in …
我们的研究重点是…
The work presented in this paper focuses on …
本文所述工作重点放在…
Our goal has been to provide …
我们的目标是提供…
The main objective of our investigation has been to obtain some knowledge of …
我们的研究目标是获取有关…的知识。
The object of this fundam ental research will be to reveal …
此项基础研究的目标是揭示…
With his recent research, the author intends to outline the framework of …
通过最近的研究，作者试图描绘…的构架。
The author attempted the set of experiments with a view to demonstrating certain phenomena in …
作者本着验证…中的一些现象的目的，进行了这些试验
The authors are now initiating experimental investigation to establish …
作者正在着手试验性研究，以建立…
With his research, the author’s endeavor is to explain …
作者开展此项研究的目的是要解释…
In this paper we aim at …
本文的目标是…
2.本文研究的理论基础、途径和方法
This is a working the ory which is based on …
这是一项基于…的实用理论。
The method used in our study is known as …
我们在研究中采用的方法被称为…
The technique we applied is referred to as …
我们采用的技术被称为…
The problem we have outlined deals largely with the study of …
我们所述问题很大程度上涉及对…的研究。
The experiment made by the research group is aimed at obtaining the results …研究小组所做实验旨在获取有关…的结果。
Included in the experiment were …
实验包括…
A number of experiments were performed to check …
我们开展了大量实验以检查…
Experiments on … were made to measure …
我们进行了针对…的实验，以测量…
We have carried out several sets of experiments to test the validity of …
我们进行了一系列实验以测试…的有效性。
We undertook the experiment to support the hypothesis of …
我们开展此项实验以支持…假设。
3.研究结果
Detailed information has been acquired by the author about …
作者得到了有关…的详细信息。
The research has recorded valuable data about …
本研究记录到了关于…的有价值数据。
The results of the experiment indicate that …
实验结果表明…
The studies we have performed showed that …
我们所做研究表明…
The research we have done suggests that …
我们所做研究表明…
We carried out several studies which have demonstrated that …
我们开展了几项研究，验证了…
The investigation carried out by us has revealed that …
我们所做研究揭示了…
From the experiment, the authors came to realize that …
从此项实验中，作者终于认识到…
4.研究的影响和价值
All our preliminary results throw light on the nature of …
我们的初步研究结果有助于揭示…的本质。
This fruitful work gives explanation of …
我们富有成果的研究工作解释了…
The author's pioneer work has contributed to our present understanding of …作者的开创性工作有助于理解…
The research work has brought about a discovery of …
研究工作带来一个发现
Th e research has resulted in a solution of …
研究工作带来一个…问题的解决方案
Our work involving studies of … prove to be encouraging.
我们涉及…研究的工作，事实证明是鼓舞人心的
Laboratory studies of … did not furnish any information about …
对…的实验室研究没有提供任何关于…的信息。
Introduction
引言部分介绍此项研究的主题、背景、范畴，并说明全文的结构，便于读者阅读，一般包含几项内容：
1. 背景介绍
2. 现有问题
3. 研究目标
4. 篇章结构
1.背景介绍
…has been a hot topic in … research.
在…研究中，…已成为研究热点。
…is the … problem that has received the most attention in the … literature.
在…文献中，…是受到最多关注的…问题。
…have attracted much attention from academia.
…已经引起学术界的很大关注。
…has been of considerable interest to the … community in recent years.
近年来，…已经引起…界的极大关注。
It is well known that …
众所周知，…
It is reported that …
据报导，…
There have been studies highlighting …
此前已经有一些针对…的研究。
Over the past 3 decades, …
在过去的三十年，…
The previous work on … has indicated that …
先前关于…的研表明…
Recent experiments by … have suggested …
最近…做的实验表明…
Recent experiments in this area suggested that …
这个领域的最新实验表明…
The approach adopted extensively is called …
被广泛采用的方法称为…
Severa l researchers have theoretically investigated …
有几个研究者已经从理论上考察了…
In most studies of …, … has been emphasized with attention being given to …
在大多数对…的研究中，…受到高度重视，人们关注的是…
Industrial application of … is becoming increasingly common.
…的工业化应用日益普及。
The approaches fall into two major groups.
现有方法主要分成两类。
The approaches can be divided into two general classes.
现有方法一般分成两类。
The approaches may be classified into two categories.
现有方法可以分成两类。
The approaches are of two broad.
现有方法分成两类。
2.该领域现有问题
Great progress has be en made in this field, but/however, nevertheless …
虽然这个领域已经取得重大进步，但是…
A part of the explanation could lie in … However, …
部分解释可能在于…。但是，…
The study of … gives rise to two main difficulties: one is …; the other is …
…研究遇到两个主要困难：一个是…；另一个是…
Also, the consid eration of … alone cannot explain the observed fact that …
单独考虑…无法解释观察到的事实，即…
From the above discussion, it appears that at present neither … nor …
从以上讨论可知，目前既不…也不…
Despite the recent progress reviewed in …, there is no generally accepted theory concerning…
除了已经在…中回顾的最新进展，还没有关于…的广为接受的理论。
The only research that I am aware of that has dealt directly with the problem of … is a series of papers by …
我所知道的直接针对…问题的唯一研究是…发表的一系列论文。
Experiments of this kind have not been performed.
这种实验还没有人做过。
Until now no fiel d experiments of … have been reported.
目前为此，还没有关于…现场实验的报导。
The method we used differs greatly from the one reported last year.
我们使用的方法与去年报导的有很大不同。
No clear advancement has so far been seen in …
在…领域，还没有出现明显的进展。
The data available in literature failed to prove that …
文献中的数据无法证明…
3.引出自己的研究目标
We propose … as a solution to address this problem.
我们提出…作为应对这个问题的方案。
We build several different models to address these issues and to improve … for the benefit of …我们构建了几个不同的模型，以应对这些问题，并针对…改进…
In this pa per, … is investigated/studied/discussed/presented
本文研究…
This paper reports on …
本文对…进行报告
The purpose of this paper/study/thesis is …
本文的目的是…
The primary goal of this research is …
此项研究的首要目标是…
The present study will therefore focus on …
因此，当前研究的重点放在…
The present work deals mainly with …
当前工作主要涉及…
In this paper, we aim at …
本文旨在…
On the basis of existing literature data, we carried out studies in an effort to …
在现有文献数据的基础上，我们开展了研究，试图…
4.研究范畴
The problem under discussion is within the scope of …
讨论的问题限于…范畴。
The problem I have referred to falls within the field of …
我谈及有问题发生在…领域。
The problem we have just outlined seems to be inside of the province of …
我们先前描述的问题似乎只发生在…省。
Studies with these effects covered various aspects of …
针对这些效果的研究涵盖了…的不同方面。
The author has limited his studies to the related aspects of …
作者将研究范围限定在…的相关方面。
Our studies with this technique are confined to only one particular aspect of …
我们运用此项技术的研究只限于…的一个特定方面。
This subject is concerned chiefly with the study of …
本课题主要涉及…的研究。
The approach under study is only applied to …
研究的方法只能应用于…
The theory cannot apply to other cases of …
本理论不适用于其它…情况。
The emphasis of this paper is to survey …
本文的重点是调查…
5.说明篇章结构
This paper is divided into 5 sections as follows …
本文分成如下五个部分
S ection one of the paper opens with …
第一节以…开头
Section 3 develops the second hypotheses on …
每三节展开关于…的第二项假设
Section 4 shows/introduces/reveals/treats/ develops/deal with …
第四节描述…
The 5th section provides an exposition that places the primary emphasis on …第五节是展示部分，重点放在…
The result of … is given in the last section.
…的结果放在最后一部分。
In this paper, data and results are presented under the major heading of …
本文中，数据和结果放在大标题…下。
Finally, a summary is given of …
最后，给出关于…的结论。
Finally, some problems that deserve to be noted and their solution are presented. 最后提出了应注意的一些问题和解决方法。
Materials and methods
作者可通过定义、描写、说明、举例、实验、论证、比较、分析综合、判断推理等不同的方式来证实在引言中所提及的主题，阐明研究是怎样完成的。常用表达手法介绍：
1. 定义、描述
2. 推导、实验方法
3. 实验步骤
4. 示例、图示
1.术语定义、对象描述
描述
The theory is characte rized by …
该理论具有…特点。
The fundamental feature of this theory is as follows.
该理论的基本特点如下。
Our system uses a … framework.
我们的系统采用…构架。
…is composed of the following main parts: …
…由下列主要部分构成：…
Our algorithm consists of two parts, a … and a …
我们的算法由两部分构成，一个…和一个…
…consist mainly of … but also include … , …, and …
…主要由…构成，但也包括…、…和…
…has two key components: a specification of …, and the … algorithm.
…包含两个关键部分：一个关于…的规范，还有一个就是…算法。
定义
…is called …
…叫作…
It is called … in physics.
它在物理学上被称为…
This equation is known as … law.
这个等式被叫做…定律。
Here, the term "…" just refers to a …
在这里，“…”一词仅指一个…
We may refer to such a cell as a …
我们可以把这样的单元称为…
We will consequently refer to it as …
由此，我们将它称为…
Such indicator functions are referred to as … instead of … throughout th e rest of the paper.
在论文的其余部分，这样的指示函数被称为…，而不是…。
The objective function, later referred to as …, is as follows.
目标函数，在下文中被称为…，形式如下。
2.推导、实验方法
This formula is verified by …
公式通过…验证。
Substituting … in/into …, we obtain/have/get …
将…替换进…，我们得到…
Substitut ing … in/into … gives/yields/results in …
将…替换进…，产生…
Let us now consider the case where …
让我们来思考一下…的情况。
Suppose that … is a solution of …
假设…是…的解。
If m=1.2, then we have the following equations:
如果m=1.2，可以得到下列等式：
Given that m=1.2, we obtain …
假设m=1.2，可以得到…
The relationship between … and … is as follows:
…与…之间的关系如下：
To eliminate such possibilities, we implemented a …
为了消除这种可能性，我们实现了一个…
…is determined by using the …
通过…来确定…
…is assigned to …
将…赋予…
The sections were rinsed to remove …
清洗截面，以去除…
Th e … from each section were removed.
去除每个截面上的…
Five … were selected at random.
随机挑选五个…
3.实验步骤
The procedure we followed can be briefly described as …
我们所采用的步骤可以简单地这么说，…
The steps taken are: …
所采用的步骤是：…
The experiment consisted of three steps, which a re described in …
实验包括三步，在…中描述。
The algorithm has four steps.
算法分成四步。
The Viterbi algorithm has three steps: initialization, induction, and termination and path-readout. 韦特比算法分三个步骤：初始化、推导、终止和路径读出。
The typical MUC system goes through roughly these steps: …
典型的MUC系统大致要经过这些步骤：…
After … is done by …, a … step is applied to …
…做完…后，要进行…步骤，以…
The second step is to perform …
第二步是进行…
Second came the … phase.
第二步是…阶段。
The last step is to …
最后一步是…
Lastly came the … phase, which involved …
最后一步是…阶段，这一步包括…
4.示例、图示
As shown in Table 3, …
如表三所示，…
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, …
正如表一中的数据所示，…
As described in Figure 3.2, …
正如图3.2所示，…
The … coefficient varies with the shape of the object (see Table 1).
…系数随物体的形状而异（参见表一）。
Here are few examples to illustrate this principle.
略举数例，用以说明这一原理。
A simple example will serve to illustrate the point.
一个简单的例子可以说明这一点。
The above diagram serves to illustrate the principle of …
上述图表是用来说明…的作用原理的。
We illustrate this method with an example of a small project.
我们举一个简单的工程任务的实例说明这一方法。
The following example will illustrate a typical method for solving such problems. 下面举一个解决这类问题的典型方法的例子。
To illustrate my point I have done a comparative analysis.
为说明我的观点，我做了对比分析。
To illustrate the foregoing analysis, consider a …
为了举例阐明以上的分析，我们考虑一种…
We now illustrate the entire procedure in solving a … problem.
我们现在来举例说明解一个…题的全部过程。
Those are expressly designed to illustrate …
那些是用来说明…的巧妙想法。
Results
本部分列举研究结果，分析产生这些结果的原因，与他人的结果进行比较，指出由这些结果可以进一步推导出什么结论。
列举最重要的结果
Table 1 shows/provides details of the test results.
表一显示了试验结果的细节。
Figure 4.2 gives the results of the experiment.
图4.2给出了实验的结果。
Figure 3 shows the results obtained from the studies of …
图三显示从本研究中得到的结果
Table 2 presents the data provided by the experiments on …
表二给出了实验获得的数据
This table summarized the data collected during the experiment of …
表格总结了实验过程中收集的数据
Our experimental data are briefly summarized as follows …
我们的实验数据简要总结如下…
The direct outcome was reported in …
直接的成果呈现在…
Discussion
在讨论部分中，作者通常对研究结果所涉及的深层关系和原因进行补充说明，指出本研究的影响及局限。因为陈述的是作者的见解和结论，所以句型多用一般现在时态。
1.结果推论
The research we have done suggests an increase in …
我们所做研究表明…增长
These results suggest that …
这些结果表明，…
These findings suggest that there is a genetic component to alcoholism.
这些研究结果表明酒精中毒症是有遗传因素的。
Our data therefore suggest the markets are not in fact random.
我们的数据表明，市场实际上并不是随机的。
These results suggest evolutionary convergence in the mechanisms of peptide hydrolysis.
这些结果表明肽水解机制中存在进化趋同现象。
2.解释原因
These findings are understandable because …
这些发现很容易理解，因为…
Mass flow occurs as a result of external forces.
质体流动的发生是由于外力的结果。
This occurs as a result of various intraocular diseases such as high myopia.
这是由于各种眼内疾病如高度近视的结果。
Fermentation is the result of the action of minute organisms.
发酵是由于许多微小生物作用的结果。
The resemblance of families such as the Verbenaceae and Labiate is the result of
evolutionary convergence.
科的相似性，如马鞭草科与唇形科的相似性，是进化上的趋同造成的。
The interaction between two surfaces is the result of repulsion and attraction forces.
两个表面间的相互作用是由于吸引力和排斥力作用的结果。
The further growth of a bar is due to a lowering of sea level.
砂洲的进一步生长是由于海平面正在下降的结果。
Pernicious anemia in human is due to failure of absorption of vitamin B 12.
人的恶性贫血是由于不能吸收维生素B12的结果。
3.与其他研究者的结果做比较
The data obtained appear to be similar to those reported ear lier by …
得到的数据似乎与…发表的相似。
These results agree with Gerner’s analysis, in that … varies inversely with …
这些结果与Gerner的分析相吻合，即…与…成反比。
4.与其它方法进行性能比较
The recognition rate of our system is significantly higher than that reported for Token’s system.
我们系统的识别率远远高于已报导的Token系统的识别率。
There are only a few … to my knowledge with speeds of the same order of magnitude.
就我所知，只有少数…的速度达到同等级别。
It is one of the fastest … I am aware of, achieving speeds of … per second on an SGI.
这是我所知道的最快的…之一，在SGI机器上达到每秒…的处理速度。
5.实验数据是否与理论模型符合
The measured temperatures along the … are all highly consistent with the predictions of the theoretical model.
沿着…测到的温度都与理论模型所预测的高度一致。
Wave theory fails to fit the facts.
波动理论与事实完全不符。
This approach corresponds to much of the work done on urban-growth theory. 这一研究方法与对城市发展学说的许多研究工作相吻合。
6.结果的意义
These results provide substantial evidence for the original assumptions.
这些结果为最初的假设提供了坚实的证据。
These experimental results support the original hypothesis that …
实验结果支持了最初假设，即…
These results contradict the original hypothesis.
这些结果与当初的假设相矛盾。
The present results are consistent with those reported in our earlier work.
现在的结果与我们早期论著中报导的是一致的。
7.本文研究的局限
Despite the great advantages mentioned above there are some pitfalls.
尽管前边提到很多有利方面，但是也有一些隐患。
We ha ve not addressed all … problems of … models.
我们尚未涉及…模型的所有…问题。
It should be noted that this study has examined only …
请注意，此项研究只考察了…
The findings of this study are restricted to …
本顶研究的结果仅限于…
The limitations of this study are clear …
本研究的局限性是清楚的
The resu lt of the study cannot be taken as evidence for …
本研究的结果不能作为…的证据
Unfortunately, we are unable to determine from this data …
不幸的是，从这些数据中，我们无法确定…
8.今后的研究方向
This problem remains to be solved.
这个问题有待解决。
…remains to be determined.
…有待确定。
It deserves to be further studied which … should be selected.
选择哪一种…值得进一步研究。
Conclusion
结论是作者对研究课题进行的总体性讨论，反映本研究的价值，并对以后的研究具有指导意义。应包括下列内容：
1. 概括说明本课题的研究内容；
2. 较具体说明本研究得出什么结果，证明了什么假设或理论，有何创造性成果或见解，解决什么问题等。
In conclusion, we state that …
总起来说，…
In summing up i t may be stated that …
概括起来可以这么说，…
From …, we now conclude …
从…中，我们得出结论，…
As a result of our experiments, we concluded that …
作为一项实验结果，我们得出结论，…
It is concluded that …
由此得出结论，…
These findings of the research have led the author to the conclusion that …
研究的发现让作者得出这样的结论，即…
The author has satisfactorily come to the conclusion that …
作者满意地得出结论，…
On the basis of …, the following conclusion can be made …
在…基础上，我们可以得出以下结论，…
To sum up, we have revealed …
综上所述，我们已经提示了…
We have demonstrated in this paper …
本文中，我们验证了…
Finally, a summary is given of …
最后，给出…的总结
In conclusion, the result shows …
总之，结果表明…
The results of the experiment indicate …
实验结果显示…
This fruitful work gives an explanation of …
此项富有成果的工作解释了…
Acknowledgement
致谢对象有两类：一类是经费上给予支持的，另一类是在技术、方法、条件、资料、信息等方面给予支持帮助的。致谢时一般项目资助单位或个人在前，其他人员在后。
1. 感谢赞助单位或个人
Support for this program/project/study is provided by …
Funding for this program is provided by …
I thank … for giving financial support for this study.
Research for this paper was part ially supported by …
This research was funded by …
2. 感谢提供资料的单位或个人
Data were supplied/provided by …
Permission to quote from material protected by copyright has been granted by …
I thank … for the permission to quote from material protected by copyri ght.
3. 感谢提出建议和帮助的个人
I thank … for comments on the manuscript.
In addition, I am grateful to … for their valuable suggestions, and to … for her patience and good counsel.
For help in the technical assistance, I thank …
We thank the following people f or their helpful comments on drafts of this paper: …
In addition, I wish to thank … for his valuable suggestions.
For their encouragement, support, and research assistance, I would like to thank the following individuals who have contributed substantially to the completion of this study/paper/work.
4. 感谢不知名的审稿人
The anonymous reviewers have also contributed considerably to the publication of this paper.
In addition, I would like to thank the anonymous reviewers who have helped to improve the paper.
5. 感谢其他人
I also owe an obligation to …
Also I wish to thank … for their many courtesies.
Thanks is also extended to … who …
I wish to thank … for his …
References
在论文的最后列出参考文献，其目的在于：
①便于读者查阅原始资料中的有关内容，以了解前人工作与作者工作的区别及本论文的起点；
②便于读者了解本工作的基础，并了解其理论基础优劣；
③尊重他人的劳动成果，突出本论文的创新性；
④将论文成果和观点与前人的研究做出比较，同时也说明论文的创新性；
⑤有利于缩短论文的篇幅。
需要注意，文后列出的参考文献应是公开正式发表过的、作者真正参阅过的、与论文密切相关或直接引用的文献。另外，引用文献时要注意引用最新的文献，它标志着论文作者对最新科研工作的了解及掌握情况，避免重复性工作出现，体现论文的创新性。
英语写作中常用的十个句型 1.表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this. 2）The reasons for this are as follows. 3）The reason for this is obvious. 4）The reason for this is not far to seek. 5）The reason for this is that... 例如:There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. 2.表示好处 1）It has the following advantages. 2）It does us a lot of good. 3）It benefits us quite a lot. 4）It is beneficial to us. 5）It is of great benefit to us. 例如：Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 3.表示坏处 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2）It does us much harm. 3）It is harmful to us. 例如：However，everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television. 4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb.to do sth. 2）We think it necessary to do sth.3）It plays an important role in our life. 例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business. So，computers will be found in every home，too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 5.表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures. 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties. 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth. 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with. 例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it. 以下是专四专八写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似， 考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1－2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。 6.表示变化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years. 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications. 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education. The major reasons for 例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years. these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins. 1
14) Have you noticed what this is doing to somebody? 15) It strikes me as (silly).。 16) The point is to do something. 17) It isn’t unusual for somebody to do something 18) It was obvious that … 19) It is a misfortune, for most of us, that … 20) It is more important to do something than to do somethi ng. 21) Doing something is largely a matter of doing something. 22) What is the value of doing something? 23) There is certainly nothing wrong in this if we … but … 24) There is some element of truth in these arguments, but t hey ignore a basic fact that … 25) Today it is not unusual for somebody to do something. 26) One aspect of something seldom challenged is … 27) But the truth is that … 28) Now, it is important to underline the fact that… 29) These days we often hear about …. They argue that …. But close analysis doesn’t support theargument. 30) We are often told these days that …. But is this really the case? 31) In response to the question of …, some people say …. Bu t do they realize …? 32) Now the majority of people feel that …. But although … t here is no evidence that … 33) Although it is widely accepted that …, it is unlikely to be t rue that … 34) Most of us have been under the illusion that there is no s uch thing as the … 35) Closer analysis, however, indicates that the claim may no t be supported by the evidence … 36) At first glance, it may seem a sound idea, but on second examination, it may not. 37) People tend to cling persistently to the old opinion that …. Yet … 38) Some people claim that … but more often than not, the r everse seems to be true. 39) To claim that … is to miss the point. 40) The main trouble with this view is that it is ignorant of th e basic fact …你是否注意到这正在对某人产生的影响？ 在我看来很愚蠢 关键是做某事。 某人做某事并不是不同寻常。 很显然… 对我们大多数人来说，这是我们的不幸。 做某事比做某事更重要。 做某事很大程度上是做某事。 做某事的价值是什么呢？ 如果我们…在这一点上肯定没有什么错。但是… 在这些论点中有一些真理，但他们忽视了一个基本的事实，即… 今天某人做某事不是不同寻常。 某事的一方面很少有人质疑，这就是… 然而事实是… 现在，很重要的是强调这样一个事实，既… 这些天来我们常听到…。他们辩解道…。但仔细分析不支持这一论点。 最近我们常被告知说…。但这真的是事实吗？ 针对…这一问题的反应，一些人说…，但是他们是否意识到…？ 目前大多数人觉得…。但虽然…，没有证据显示…虽然…已被人们普遍接受，但…不太可能是真的。 我们大多数人都有这样的幻想，即…没有像…的事情。 然而，进一步的分析表明，这一主张不可能得到证据来支持。 乍一看，似乎是不错的主意，但再一仔细考察，就不是那么回事了。 人们倾向于抱着…的旧观念不放，然而… 有些人声称…，但经常是，这一观点的反面是正确的。 主张…就是没有抓住要点。 这一观点的主要问题是它忽视了基本的事实，
写作常用句型 1. Bear sth in mind 牢记在心 The government must bear it in mind that the protection of the environment should be the priority. We should bear in mind that it is unwise to develop the economy at the expense of our environment. 2. Go a long way 有效 Since praise, encouragement, and appreciation go a long way—even just saying “thank you” leaves a lasting impression. 3. Give sb the credit for…把…归功于某人 It’s generally recognized that Edward Jenner should be given the credit for defeating the disease of smallpox. 4. Enable sb to do/make it possible for sb to do 使人能做某事 A developed economy enables people to lead a quality life. Allowing children to make their own decisions enables them to develop independence. 5. Boost efficiency /productivity 提高效率/生产率 Working in an office can help boost workers' efficiency. 6. Give sb a competitive edge 给某人竞争优势 A sound economy gives a country a competitive edge in the international community. Being different from others gives a person a competitive edge. 7. Expand one’s outlook 开阔视野 When doing a part job, kids have opportunities to expand their outlook, and gain financial independence. 8. Generate opportunities 带来机会 Social activities generate opportunities for good students to accumulate social experience. Social activities generate opportunities for students to achieve well-rounded development. 9. Dedicate/devote A to B 在某事上付出（时间、精力等） The humorous teacher make students more willing to dedicate more time to study. 10.Assume/shoulder the responsibility for …承担责任 It is the government that should assume the responsibility to contain/curb deteriorating air pollution. 11. Be mindful of…对某事很关注 The big companies should be mindful of the environmental needs of the local communities.
写作常用高端句式 1.so forth等等 2.enjoy great prestige 3.due to 4.look forward to 5.owing to 6.first and foremost 7.It’s of +adj. 8.Cope with 9.From my perspective 10.N evertheless 11.S b assert that... 12.T here is no denying that... 13.I n order to 14.T o be frank=frankly 15.T he essence of 16.排比句 17.A dependable favour of 18.A s sb conceives it,...... 19.T ake into account 20.W e can’t accentuate the importance of ...too much
21. Consequently 22. Wherewithal n. 必要的资金（或手段）adv. 用什么conj. 用以（等于wherewith） 23.S o as to 24.B y doing this 25.W hereas 26.O n no account can 27.O n account of 28.A dj.+as +主语+is /are/was/were 29.What’s more 30.H ence 31.I t goes without saying that... 32.S olely can we... 33.G o all out (to do...) 34.K eep with 35.O nce for all 36.L est 37.U ndoubtedly 38.May as well 39.感叹句 40.n o wonder that 41.O n the entire
高级句式参考答案： 一、记住：并列句也是高级句式合并句子： 1, You must get over your lesson, or you will fail in the exam. 2, Professor Wang not only gave us a lot of advice but helped us to study English. = Professor Wang, who was only too ready to help us with our English, provided us with a great deal of advice. 3, I didn’t sleep well last night, so I felt tired now. 4, I missed the first bus, so I was late for school. 5, Books not only enrich our knowledge but also open our minds. = Not only can books enrich our knowledge but open our minds. 6, The earthquake not only caused 10 deaths but also left over 3000 people homeless. = The earthquake caused 10 deaths, leaving over 3000 people homeless. 7, The pet not only is dirty, but also huts man. = The pet is dirty and what’s worse it hurts man. 8, As far as I am concerned, going after fashion does no harm to us, but we should focus on our study. 翻译句子： 1, I am good at spoken English as well as Chinese. = I speak Chinese well and I also do well in spoken English. 2, The prevention and control of AIDS is a big challenge for China as well as the other countries. =Preventing and controlling AIDS is a great challenge for China or even for the whole world. 3, He failed in several exams, but he never lost heart. = He failed the exams several times, but he never gave up. 4, Put on more clothes, or you will catch a cold. = Putting on more clothes can prevent you from being infected with a cold. 5, At last he passed the exam and he became more confident. =After he finally passed the exam, he became more confident. 6, I was walking in the street when I found an old grandma fall down at the crossing. 7, Our visit will last one and a half hours and we will meet at the gate of the museum at about 11 o’clock. 8, At first, he was neither hardworking nor interested in his study. = At first, he was lazy and what’s worse, he showed no interest in his study at all. 二、记住：名词性从句也是高级句式翻译句子： 1, Whoever breaks the law should be punished. = Whoever you are, if you break the law, you must be punished. 2, It is true that air pollution has a great effect on the climate. 3, It is obvious that we students should be well-prepared for our own future. 4, It is universally recognized that everyday exercise is good for our health. 5, It is known to us that China is a beautiful country with a long history of over 5000 years. 6, What I want to know here is whether you can offer me some advice on how to communicate with others. 7, I asked my father in surprise, “ Why didn’t you carry out you promise that you would buy some presents for the children of Welfare Home?”
良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。 １．议论文： A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages． B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient. C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,... D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life. F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view. 2. 书信： A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar. B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job... C. Thank you for your letter of May 5. D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9. E. How nice to hear from you again. 3. 口头通知或介绍情况： A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make. B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you. C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you. 4. 演讲稿： A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health. B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest. 并列用语： as well as, not only…but (also), including, A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life. B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture. C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French. D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.
A 1. have the ability to do ... I think I have the ability to do the job well. I think I am qualified for the job. I think I am equal to the job. I think I am fit for the job. 2. be absorbed in ... / be buried in ... / be devoted to .../ be occupied in / with ... With the college examination approaching, most of the students are absorbed in their studies all day long. 3. have access to sth / doing sth All the children in remote areas can have access to better education. 4. accompany sb to sp Many parents accompany their children to school in case that / for fear that ... 5. accomplish sth We are all proud of what our motherland has accomplished in the past years. 6. be accustomed to sth / doing sth 7. achieve one’s goal Everyone can achieve his goal if he sets his mind on it. Our goal can be achieved if we set our mind on it. 8. acquire rich / abundant / advanced knowledge In order to keep pace with the competitive society, we must try our best to acquire advanced knowledge. 9. take action In order to do sth, sb should take action to do ... 10. take effective measures / steps to do ... The government should take effective measures to reduce pollution. 11. take an active part in ... We students should take an active part in after-school activities. 12. adapt (oneself) to ... Your generous help made me adapt to the new environment as quickly as possible. 13. be addicted to computer games / playing games To my disappointment / sadness, many students are addicted to computer games. 14. in addition / what’s more / besides / moreover
1.阐述观点、看法或进行说明、论证时的常用表述和句型 (1)就我所知：as far as I know, to my knowledge (2)在我看来：from my point of view, in my view/opinion/personal judgment (3)关于，就……而言：in reference to, with regard to , in respect to/of, as to, as/so far as…is concerned (4)一般说来：generally speaking (5)概括地说：in general terms (6)严格地说：strictly speaking (7)更准确地说：precisely speaking, more specifically speaking (8)可以肯定地说：It is safe to say that… (4)事实上：in fact, in effect, as a matter of fact (5)以……为例：take…for example (6)特别是：particularly, in particular, especially (7)再者，更重要的是：what’s more, more than that, the most important (8)此外：moreover, furthermore, in addition, in addition to that, besides (9)即，也就是说：that is, that is to say, or , namely (10)换言之：in other words, or , that is (11)正如前面所讨论的那样：as is previously discussed (12)正如前面所提到的那样：as we have mentioned above
四级作文常用句型模板及套句大全 一．综合运用篇 Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that.... 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。 As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes. 然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看；Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法） As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.... 随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............ People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting 求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。 As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。 In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。 Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that.... 最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。 The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention. 人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。 ...... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, “is it a blessing or a curse?” _______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是："我们该如何抉择？" Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges. 现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
关于利弊、优缺点的句型： 1. S+have (or has) a lot of advantages over…(与…相比有许多优点) Compared with B, A has (or have) many advantages。 例：She has the advantage of good English。 2. be of great benefit to sb./sth. (对…有益) 译：你的计算机知识对你将来的工作十分有利。 3. …benefit sb./sth. (对…有好处) 译：这家新医院对整个社区有利。 Benefit from sth. (由于…而受益) 译：我们将从技术发明中受益。 4. …do (a lot of) good to sb. (对…有许多好处) 译：早晨锻炼对你很有好处。 …be good for sb./sth. (对…有益) 译：蔬菜和水果有利人的健康。 …do damage to sth. (对…造成损坏) 译：这次地震对城市建筑损坏严重。 5. …be as (not so) good as…, What he does is not so good as what he says。 6. …not so much…as…(与其说…,不如说…。) 译：人口的迅速增长与其说是由于出生率年升还不如说是由于死亡率的下降。 7. It benefits us in many ways/respects。 8. Doing sth. is beneficial to… 1. While…has so many advantages, we should not ignore the problems it brings us。 2. Just as a coin has two sides, everything has its advantages and disadvantages。 说明原因的句型： 1. There are good reasons
高考议论文写作常用句式参考 议论文也是一种作文体裁，下面是高考作文中常用的三十种议论句式希望能帮你拿高分，一起来看看吧。 1.不求……但求……:不求轰动效应,但求经世致用;不求辉煌卓越,但求从容淡定;不 求如日中天,但求月白风清。 2.不是……而是……:不是大地归属心灵,而是心灵归属大地。因为我们都是地之子， 厚德载物的大地是我们茁壮成长和诗意栖居的家园，是我们精神和情感的港湾。不是人使 真理伟大，而是真理使人伟大。罗曼??罗兰 3.……也……:亲情的生长，源自生活的环境，也渴望制度的保障。 4.……是……是……:尊严是生命的天赋内涵，尊严是人格力量的彰显，尊严是人生 价值的标杆. 淡定是一种心态，淡定是一种力量，淡定是一种胸怀。 淡定是一种从容的心态，淡定是一种内在的力量，淡定是一种博大的胸怀。 淡定是一种从容不迫的心态，淡定是一种以柔克刚的力量，淡定是一种博大宽容的胸怀。 5.需要……更需要……:改革需要理念设计，更需要信心和行动;改革需要智慧和能力，更需要勇气和良知;改革需要激情和超越，更需要理性和务实。 人生需要理想和憧憬，更需要脚踏实地的行动;人生需要灿烂和辉煌，更需要平淡和 从容;人生需要激情和个性，更需要理性和宽容。 6.需要……不需要……:我们需要自尊，不需要廉价的怜悯;我们需要理性，不需要盲 目的激情;我们需要信念，不需要混沌和懵懂。 7.要看到……更要看到……:要看到民生是国计的起点和终点，民富是国强的保障和 支撑。但更要看到，民生深处是民权，没有民权就没有民生。 8.没有……就没有……:没有姹紫嫣红的花朵，就没有美丽婀娜的春天;没有高远不俗 的理想，就没有五彩斑斓的翅膀;没有明亮清澈的眼睛，就没有美丽无边的风景;没有坚定 执着的信念，就没有诗意氤氲的人生。 9.没有……哪有……:没有天哪有地，没有地哪有家，没有家哪有你,没有你哪有我? 10.需要有一种……叫……:面对生活，我们需要一种姿态，这种姿态叫拥抱。拥抱灿 烂拥抱辉煌，也拥抱悲伤和沧桑;拥抱鲜花拥抱掌声，也拥抱误解和争鸣。有一种力量叫 从容，有一种脚步叫匆匆，有一种幸福叫淡定，有一种眷恋叫深情。
一.开头句型 1.As far as ...is concerned就…而言 例句：As far as I am concerned，I don“t want to be a doctor.就我而言，我并不喜欢当医生。 2. It goes without saying that...不用说， 例句：It goes without saying that education is important.不用说，教育是严重的。 It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.不用说早睡早起是值得的。 3. It can be said with certainty that...可以肯定地说，毫无疑问， 例句：It can be said with certainty that English is pretty important nowadays. 可以肯定地说，英语在当今社会里相当严重。 4.As the proverb says，俗话说，常言道 例句：As the proverb says, no pains, no gains.正如谚语所说：不劳无获。 As the proverb says: End is well, all is well.就像是一句谚语所言：结果，好一切都好。 As the English proverb says , “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy , wealthyand wise . “正如英语谚语所说的“早睡早起使人康健、富有和明智。” 5. It has to be noticed that...必须注意到……；需要注意的是 例句：However, it has to be noticed that understanding is very important. 然而，必须注意的就是理解，理解是非常严重的。 6. It“s generally recognized that...这是公认的……