语文高考复习资料
必背古诗词
1.子曰：“夫仁者，以欲立而立人，以欲达而达人，能近取譬，可谓仁之方也。”
2.子曰：“仁者不忧，知而不惑，勇者不惧。”
3.子曰：“知者乐水，仁者乐山，知者动，仁者静。知者乐，仁者寿。”
4.不违农时，谷不可胜食也，数罟不入洿池，鱼鳖不可胜食也。
5.谨庠序之教，申之以孝悌之义，颁白者不负戴于道路矣。
6.故木受绳则直，金就励则利，君子博学而日三省乎，则知明而行无过矣。
7.假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里，假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河，君子生非异也，善假于物也。
8.故不积跬步，无以至千里，不积小流，无以成江海。
9.蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。
10.但以刘日薄西山，气息奄奄，人命危浅，朝不虑夕。
11.乌鸟私情，愿气终养，臣之辛苦，非独蜀之人士及二州牧伯之所见明知。
12.仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛，所以游目聘怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。
13.夫人之相也，俯仰一世，或取诸怀抱，悟言一室之内，或因寄托，放浪形骸之外。
14.时维九月，序属三秋，潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫。
15.云销雨霁，彩彻区明，落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色。
16.渔舟唱晚，响穷彭蠡之滨，雁阵惊寒，声断衡阳之浦。
17.夫天地者万物之逆旅也，光阴者百代之过客也，而浮生若梦，为欢几何？
18.幽赏未已，高淡转清，开琼筵以坐花，飞羽觞而醉月。
19.是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。
20.古之圣人，其出人之远矣，犹且从师而问焉，今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于
师。
21.是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专政，如是而已。
22.长桥卧波，未云何龙？复道行空，不霁何虹？
23.燕赵之收藏，韩魏之经营，齐楚之精英，几世几年，剽掠其人，倚叠如山。
24.嗟乎！一人之心，千万人之心也，秦爱纷奢，人亦念其家。
25.秦人不暇自哀，而后人哀之，后人哀之而不鉴之，亦使后人而复哀后人也。
26.古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得，以其求思之深而无不在也，夫
夷以近，则游者众，险以远，则至者少。
27.而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远，而人之所罕至焉，故非有志者不能至也。
28.有志与力，而又不随以怠，至于幽暗昏惑而无物以相之，亦不能至也。
29.清风徐来，水波不兴，举酒属客，诵明月之诗，歌窈窕之章。
30.纵一苇之所如，凌万顷之茫然。浩浩乎如风虚御风，而不知其所止，飘飘乎如遗世独立，
羽化而登仙。
31.其声呜呜然，如怨如慕，如泣如诉，余音袅袅，不绝如缕。
32.惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，且遇之而成色。
33.于嗟女兮，无与士耽，士之耽兮，犹可说也，女之耽兮，不可说也。
34.慨当以慷，忧思难忘，何以解忧？唯有杜康。
35.青青子衿，悠悠我心，但为君故，沉吟至今。
36.月明星稀，乌鹊南飞，绕树三匝，何枝可依。
37.山不厌高，海不厌深，周公吐哺，天下归心。
38.羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊，开荒南业绩，手拙归园田。
39.户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲，久在樊笼里，复得返自然。
40.春江潮水连海平，海上明月共潮生，艳艳水波千万里，何处春江无月明。
41.江畔何人初见月，江月何年初照人，人生代代无穷已，江月年年望相似。
42.鸿雁长飞光不度，鱼龙潜跃水成文，昨夜闲潭梦落花，可怜春半不还家。
43.斜月沉沉藏海雾，碣石潇湘无限路，不知乘月几人归，落月摇情满江树。
44.明月松间照，清泉石上流，竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。
45.积雨空林烟火迟，蒸藜炊黍饷东菑，漠漠水田飞白鹭，阴阴夏目啭黄鹂。
46.山中习静观朝槿，松下清斋折露葵，野老与人争席罢，海鸥何事更相凝。
47.青泥何盘盘，百步九折萦岩峦，扪参历井仰胁息，以手抚膺坐长叹。
48.连峰去天不盈尺，枯松倒挂倚绝壁，飞湍瀑流争喧豗，砯崖砖石万壑雷。
49.且放白鹿青崖间，须行即骑访名山，安能摧眉折腰事权贵，使我不得开心颜。
50.风急天高猿啸哀，渚清沙白鸟飞回，无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。
51.万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台，艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，潦倒新停浊酒杯。
52.昔闻洞庭水，今上岳阳楼，吴楚东南坼，乾坤日夜浮。
53.亲朋无一字，老病有孤舟，戎马关山北，凭轩涕泗流。
54.醉不成欢惨将别，别时茫茫江侵月，忽闻水上琵琶声，主人忘归客不发。
55.移船相近邀相见，添酒回灯重开宴，千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。
56.曲终收拨当心画，四弦一声如裂帛，东船西舫悄无声，唯见江心秋月白。
57.我闻琵琶已叹息，又闻此语重卿卿，同是天涯沦落人，相逢何必曾相识。
58.庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，望帝春心托杜鹃，沧海月明珠有泪，蓝田日暖玉生烟。
59.雕栏玉砌应犹在，只是朱颜改，问君能有几多愁，恰是一江春水向东流。
60.重湖叠巘清嘉，有三秋桂子，十里荷花，羌管弄晴，菱歌泛夜，嘻嘻钓叟莲娃。
61.执手相看泪眼，竟无语凝噎，念去去，千里烟波，暮霭沉沉楚天阔。
62.多情自古伤离别，更那堪，冷落清秋节，今宵酒醒何处，杨柳岸，晓风残月。
63.乱石穿空，惊叹拍岸，卷起千堆雪，江山如画，一时多少豪杰。
64.楼船夜雪瓜洲渡，铁马秋风大散关，塞上长城空自许，镜中衰鬓已先斑。
65.千古江山，英雄无觅孙仲谋处，舞榭歌台，风雨总被雨打风吹去。
66.想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎，云嘉草草，封狼居胥，赢得仓皇北顾。
67.二十四桥仍在，波心荡，冷月无声，念桥边红药，年年知为谁声。
68.过清风十里，尽荠麦青青，自胡马窥江去后，废池乔木，犹厌言兵。
69.看万山红遍，层林尽染，漫江碧透，百舸争流。
70.总角之宴，言笑晏晏，信誓旦旦，不思其反，反是不思，亦已焉哉。
71.梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏，点点滴滴，这次第，怎一个愁字了得。
72.春花秋月何时了，往事知多少，小楼昨夜又东风，故国不堪回首明月中。
73.霓为衣兮风为马，云之君兮纷纷而来下，虎鼓瑟兮鸾回车，仙之人兮列如麻。
74.鹤汀凫诸，穷岛屿之萦回，桂殿兰宫，即冈峦之体势。
75.哀君生之须叟，羡长江之无穷，挟飞仙以遨游，抱明月而长终。
76.诏书切峻，责臣逋慢，郡县逼迫，催臣上道。
77.剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开。
78.此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右。引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次。
79.古人秉烛夜游，良有以也，况阳春召我以烟景，大块假我以文章。
80.嗳嗳远人村，依依墟里烟，狗吠深巷中，鸣鸣桑树颠。
81.向之欣欣，俯仰之间，已为陈述，犹不能不以之兴怀，况修短随化，终期于尽。
82.江流宛转绕芳甸，月照花林皆似霰，空里流霜不觉飞，汀上白沙看不见。
83.子曰：“不知命，无以为君子也，不知礼，无以立也，不知言，无以知人也。”
84.百亩之田，勿夺其时，数口之家可以无机矣。
85.披绣闼，俯雕甍，山原旷其盈视，川泽纡其骇瞩。
86.客路青山在，行舟绿水前，潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。
87.使负栋之柱，多于南亩之农夫，架梁之椽，多于机上之工女。
88.不知江月待何人，但见长江送流水，白云一片去悠悠，青枫浦上不胜愁。
89.冰泉冷涩弦凝绝，凝绝不通声暂歇，别有幽愁暗恨生，此时无声胜有声。
90.饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。
91.云树绕堤沙，怒涛卷霜雪，天堑无涯。
数学高考复习资料
sin（∏-а）=sinа sin（-а）=-sinа sin（∏+а）=-sinаcos（∏-а）=-cosа cos（-а）=cosа cos（∏+а）=-cosаtan（∏-а）=-tanа tan（-а）=-tanа tan（∏+а）=tanа
sin（∏/2-а）=cosа sin（∏/2+а）=cosа
cos（∏/2-а）=sinа cos（∏/2+а）=-sinа
英语高考复习资料
周报写作
1、经历感受
相关短语
1. have a discussion讨论
2. pack sth into the suitcase把某物装进箱子
3. search the Internet上网查询
4. see sb off为某人送行
5. a five-day tour为期五天的旅行
6. drop out of school辍学
7. live a…life过着…的生活
8. pay the tuition fees支付学费
9. once-in-a-life-time难得的
10. together with sb 同某人一起
11. win the first prize获得一等奖
12. be thought highly of 受到高度赞扬
13. come to a conclusion that…得出结论如下
14. take great pains to do sth不遗余力地做某事
15. set a good example for us为我们树立了一个好榜样
16. be impressed by…对……印象深刻; 为…所感动
17. devote one‘s spare time to helping others 利用业余时间帮助他人
技巧点拨
1. 记叙事件的写作一般按照事件发展的顺序来写作。
2. 由于活动往往有很多环节, 考生可以用一些与时间相关的副词如then，later，next，afterwards，soon after that等或一些时间状语从句After…，before…等把要点合理连贯地连接在一起。
3. 若试题要求考生写自己的感受, 考生不能只是用I am very happy等简单句, 而是尽量用复合句来充分表达自己的观点。另外, 记叙文多涉及情感相关的用词, 考生平时可以多积累这样的单词或短语，如an unforgettable experience，to my joy/delight， be satisfied/ content with等等。
例文：假设你参加了深圳大运会的志愿者活动, 回来以后感触良多。请你根据以下信息, 写
参考词汇：深圳大运会Shenzhen Universiade，运动村Village，运动场地court
参考范文：
August 24th 2011 Wednesday Fine
I found it a great honor to work as a volunteer in the Shenzhen Universiade from August 12th to 23rd. Shenzhen recruited more than 1.27 million people from home and abroad to provide services, including about 2500 volunteers from universities in Shenzhen who were providing services to the 50, 000 people staying in the Village.
I worked in the equipment department, responsible for moving all the equipment to the court and then carry it back. I was required to work from 6:30 a.m. to 11:00 a.m., but I volunteered to work all the day from 6:30 in the morning to 19:30 in the evening because of the job requirement. It was very tiring and I felt exhausted but it was worth it, because I was proud to have done what I could
for this great event.
2、新闻报道
相关短语
1. learn about 了解
2. be to set for 将前往
3. places of interest 名胜古迹
4. an exchange visit 回访
5. gather together 集中
6. get close to 靠近
7. release pressure 释放压力
8. grow up happily 快乐地成长
9. according to 根据
10. appreciate poetry 欣赏诗歌
11. exchange thoughts 交流想法
12. recite one’s works 背诵作品
13. at the invitation of 在…的邀请下
14. be impressed by 被…给予深刻印象
15. encourage sb. To do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
16. the best-known tourist spot 最著名的旅游景
技巧点拨
1. 新闻通讯的第一句往往为全文的中心句（topic sentence），因此这个句子中常包含四大元素what（事件)，when（时间)，where（地点)和who（人物），而在下文则要补充事件的过程和细节, 往往包括why(目的或原因)和how(具体过程)等。
2. 注意新闻类型题材的一些常用语, 如It is reported that…, As is reported…, According to the report…等。
3. 新闻通讯报道在于平实客观的语言, 考生不必追求过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。例文：假设你是《英文早报》的兼职小记者, 伦敦组委会公布了奥运火炬传递的路线, 你将
参考词汇：伦敦奥组委员the London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games，火炬传递Torch Relay，温德米尔Lake Windermere
参考范文：
As is reported, the London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games released the route of the London 2010 Olympic Torch Relay on November 7. The Olympic Torch will visit some of Britain’s best-known tourist spots, covering 1, 000 villages, towns and cities across the country and reaching more than 95% of Britain’s 62 million population.
The 70-day torch relay will be carried in a steamboat across Lake Windermere, on a rowboat on the Thames, and on horseback elsewhere. According to the Committee, most of the 8, 000 torchbearers will be ordinary members of the public, but it’s likely that famous sports stars like David Beckham will also run with the torch.
3、活动安排
相关短语
1. sign up 报名
2. save our energy 节约能源
3. increase our knowledge about 增加对…的了解
4. improve our spoken English 提高我们的口语
5. will be held 将被举行
6. participate in the contest 参加比赛
7. are supposed to 应该；理应
8. you are warmly welcome to 热烈欢迎你…
9. thanks for your participation 谢谢你的参与
10. organize an English-speaking contest 组织一次英语演讲比赛
11. promote the campus culture 弘扬校园文化
12. hold an English writing activity called…举行叫作…的英语写作活动
13. aim to 目的是；旨在
14. arouse our interest 激发兴趣
15. develop our ability in 培养…的能力
16. are encouraged to 被鼓励做…
17. enter for 报名参加
18. know more details 了解更多细节
19. don’t miss the deadline 别错过截止日期
20. witness the development of 见证…的发展
技巧点拨
1. 活动安排的写作一般使用将来时, 文章结构以总分为主, 第一句往往要清楚说明活动举办的意义和内容。
2. 活动安排的写作基本都涉及到地点和时间的安排, 考生应该注意表达时间和地点的介词使用。
3. 活动安排的应用文多属于通知类, 其给出的中文提示往往隐藏主语, 考生可以考虑使用祈使句或者被动语态。
例文：你们学校将要组织所有高三学生在本周末参加一次郊游活动。假设你是这个活动的组
织者, 请你根据以下内容写一个书面通知。
参考词汇：黄埔古港Ancient port Whampoa，黄埔军校Whampoa Military Academy
参考范文：
To help us get relaxed as well as knowing more about the history and culture of Guangzhou, our school is going to organize a trip for all the senior three students. We should gather at the school gate at 8:00 a.m.this Saturday, April 2nd, and then take a bus to Ancient port Whampoa.
We will have a visit to the ancient port and the museum, which have witnessed the development of Guangzhou. Later, we will pay a visit to Whampoa Military Academy after lunch and then go back to school at 5:00 p.m.. It is forecasted in the weather report that it is going to rain that day, so please take umbrellas with you in case.
4、调查报告
相关短语
1. as for how to至于怎样
2. update the website更新网站
3. 50% of the girls 50%的女生
4. next in line接下来; 位居第二
5. compared with同…比起来
6. communicate with与…交流
7. account for/take up占(多少比例)
8. be in favor of…支持/赞成…
9. as far as sb. Is concerned就某人看来
10. have a lot in common有很多共同点
11. get along well with…与…相处融洽
12. arouse their interest激发了他们的兴趣
13. have a better understanding of更好地了解
14. put… in the second place把…放在第二位
15. rank the first place / rank first / be in the first place排在第一位
技巧点拨
1. 注意审题, 转换图表。撰写调查报告时, 通常需要结合图表, 观察、对比调查数据, 并把调查结果和数据转换为文字表达, 并按写作内容给出的要点按顺序进行写作。
2. 确定时态, 规范全文。引出报告结果或数据时，发表议论和个人观点, 通常用一般现在时。若出现具体的时间状语, 如last year， next year, recently等时, 应根据具体使用
适当的时态。
3. 变换表达, 丰富语汇。调查报告中多出现相同内容的描述或分析, 为避免重复, 建议使用不同语言和句式表达同类信息。
例文：上月，我们公司以35岁以下的人群作为调查对象, 选取了1000人进行了关于“网上购物”的一项调查, 调查情况如下：
写作内容：根据以上数据，写一篇调查报告, 内容包括：1. 调查时间、调查问题以及调查对象；2. 愿意网上购物的人占调查人数的百分比；3.人们愿意在网上购物的主要原因；4. 人们不愿意在网上购物的主要原因；5. 本次调查的结论。
参考范文：
Last month, our company carried out a survey about shopping on line among 1000 interviewees younger than 35 years old. 64% of those interviewed are willing to shop on line, mainly because they think the Internet makes it convenient for them to buy what they need although they are staying at home.
Besides, they believe that goods on line are cheaper, with a variety of brands to choose from. The rest of the interviewees don’t want to shop on line, claiming that goods on sale on the Internet might be fake and that they are worried about being cheated out of money. In conclusion, only by guarding against the disadvantages of on-line shopping will more and more people choose the shop on line.
5、招聘应聘
相关短语
1. be born on/in 出生于
2. be in good health 身体健康
3. meet your ability requirements 符合你的能力要求
4. be skillful at 熟悉…
5. communicate with 与…交流
6. have some related knowledge about 关于…有一些相关的知识
7. be informed of 获悉；听说
8. be skilled at 熟练于
9. fill in the form 填表
10. on the website 在网站上
11. upload a photo of life 上传一张生活照
12. website maintenance 网站维护
13. warm-hearted and patient 热心和耐心的
14. in my spare time 在我的空余时间
15. ability of communication 交际能力
16. teamwork spirit 团队精神
技巧点拨
1. 招聘广告的写作属于应用文, 写作时往往使用被动语态和第三人称使文章显得客观、公平。
2. 考生在写应聘信的时候要注意写作语气, 不能口气狂妄, 但要有自信。
3. 无论招聘广告还是应聘信, 都涉及到对应聘者的要求, 因此考生要多掌握表示技能技巧的短语句子,写作过程中才能显示出语言的多样性, 避免过分单调。
例文：假定你是《英文早报》的编辑, 你需要招聘兼职小记者在暑假做暑期工, 请根据下列内容用英语写一则招聘广告。
参考范文：
The English Morning Post is looking for part-time young reporters who can work in this summer vacation from July 25th to August 25th. The applicants are supposed to be out-going, good at communicating with others as well as devoted. Besides, not only must the applicants have high speaking, listening and writing ability in English but also be skilled at attaining information through micro-blogging.
The successful applicants who have excellent performance in this job can get a certificate of “Outstanding young reporter”. Anyone who is interested in it can fill the form on the website https://www.doczj.com/doc/6e9079230.html, and then upload a photo of life. Don’t hesitate as the deadline for your application is June 10th and the result will be announced on line on June 31st.
6、建议倡议
相关短语
1. cover topics like…涵盖的主题有…
2. arouse one’s interest 激发某人的兴趣
3. get involved in 参与，涉及
4. be well-received 广受欢迎
5. make some suggestions 提一些建议
6. protect our environment 保护我们的环境
7. the environmental pollution 环境污染
8. be of great benefit to…对…大有好处
9. get well-prepared (for)(为…)做好充分的准备
10. take responsibility to do sth. 有责任做某事
11. the coming speech contest 即将到来的演讲比赛
12. leave a deep impression on 给…留下深刻的印象
13. take my suggestion into consideration 考虑我的建议
14. have the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
15. help students improve their English 帮助学生提高英语水平
技巧点拨
1. 在建议倡议的写作中, 应开门见山指出写作目的, 陈述建议或倡议的内容。如：I am writing to give suggestions about… (建议信)或In order to…, I am going to make the following suggestions (倡议书)。
2. 建议倡议类型的作文都有相关的一些固定句型, 考生需要熟练掌握使用这些句型和相关的语法。比如, 在句中使用到advise，suggest或advice，suggestion等表示建议的词时，要考虑到虚拟语气的使用
例文：假设你是小明的好朋友李华，小明参加了一个英语演讲比赛，他对比赛非常担心，向你求助，请你根据以下内容给他写一封建议信。
写作内容：1. 说明回信的意图；2. 向小明提出建议；3. 预祝小明比赛成功。
参考范文：
Dear Xiaoming,
You have told me that you are very nervous about the coming speech contest and I will try to make some suggestions which I hope can help you. In my opinion, you should get well prepared before the speech contest by practicing before a mirror.
Besides, you had better use a brief and concise language in your speech so that you can leave a deep impression on the judges. When you are giving the speech, remember to keep smile and even if you forget your words, don’t be panic and just continue your speech, because no one will notice it. Wish you success in the speech!
Yours，
Li Hua
7、投诉申告
相关短语
1. complain about 投诉
2. go wrong出毛病
3. return my money to me退还我钱
4. apply for申请
5. worse still更糟糕的是
6. delay in delivering推迟交货
7. for the above reasons基于上述理由
8. a full refund全额退款
9. pay for the postage付邮资
10. travel agency旅行社
11. historical attractions历史名胜
12. make mistakes犯错误
13. be forced to被迫
14. a person with patience 有耐心的人
15. a pair of black shoes一双黑鞋子
16. make an apology道歉
17. to our disappointment让我们失望的是
18. again and again反复; 再三
技巧点拨
1. 投诉信要开门见山写明来信目的, 即投诉的具体内容, 切忌表达转弯抹角, 久久不入正题。
2. 写信时, 要注意写信的对象, 运用得体的语言表达, 并可在句中适当增加to one’s disappointment, unluckily, unfortunately, worse still, to make matters worse等符合投诉信感情色彩的副词短语,以加强语气, 使表达更加丰富。例如：What I ordered was a pair of black size-nine shoes but to my disappointment, I received a pair of white, size-8.5 shoes instead. Worse still, there was a ten-day delay in delivering my shoes, which should have been received on April 10.
例文：你参加了某旅行社组织安排的云南六天游。以下是旅行社广告宣传与你参团后实际情况的对比：
写作内容：请给旅行社写一封投诉信, 内容包括：1. 写信的目的；2. 行程安排、酒店住宿旅游广告宣传与实际情况的对比；3. 要求退回30%团费, 否则将采取进一步行动。
参考范文：
Dear Sir，
I’m writing to complain about the six-day trip to Yunnan organized by your travel agency. As it was promised in your advertisement, we would visit ten famous historical attractions of the local place. However, we only visited eight places of interest, tired of the boring journey as well.
Besides, it was claimed that we would enjoy the stay in a five-star hotel which was well furnished, but to our disappointment, we were arranged to stay in a poorly equipped hotel with no hot water supply. Please give 30% of my money back, or I shall be forced to take the matter further.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours sincerely，
Chen Ming
8、感激答谢
相关短语
1. win first prize 获得一等奖
2. be nervous紧张的
3. calm down 静下心来
4. get through sth完成某事
5. my warmest thanks 我最诚挚的谢意
6. look forward to盼望
7. make great progress取得很大进步
8. thanks to多亏
9. be familiar with 熟悉
10. thank you for谢谢你…
11. to my delight 让我高兴的是
12. make full use of充分利用
13. all the best 一切顺利
14. face to face面对面
15. of great importance很重要
16. contact me 与我联系
技巧点拨
1. 感谢信作为书信的一种形式, 态度客气, 字里行间充满感激之情, 通常也是开篇点出写信的目的, 可使用“I am writing to…”句型作为书信开头, 如：
(1) I am writing to express/show my gratitude to your help with my final essay.
(2) I am writing to thank you for inviting me to your wedding party.
(3) I am grateful to you for your encouragement and I am writing to tell you that
I have got promotion in my job.
2.积累该类写作常用词组搭配：
(1) 表示“感激”：thank sb. F or sth.; show one’s warmest thanks to sb. For sth.; show one’s gratitude to sb. For sth.; be grateful to sb. For sth.
(2) 与“帮助”有关的表达：help sb. (to) do sth.; help sb. With sth.; offer sb. Help; give sb. A helping hand
3. 为了充分说明道谢原因, 感谢信通常涉及对某件事情的陈述或对某人性格的描写和赞美。描述事件时, 可使用连词：when, be about to do… when…, before, after, as soon as等等。描述人物时, 可使用“so + adj. /adv. + that” 句型或“a person with + n.”结构, 如：You were so patient that you showed me all the way to the canteen. You were a person with patience, showing me all the way to the canteen.
4. 在句中适当增加表示褒义的短语和句型, 以避免平铺直叙, 如：
(1) Thanks to your help /effort, I overcame the difficulty and came first in the competition.
(2) To my delight, you were so helpful that you gave me advice and helped me solve the problem.
(3) If it were not for your help, I would not have succeeded as a reporter.
例文：假设你是学生张明, 上周五体育课后不小心在操场遗失钱包和手机, 一名没有留下姓
写作内容：请在校园网上给这位热心人写一封感谢信, 内容包括：1. 写信的目的：感激对
方帮忙寻回失物；2. 你遗失物品的经过；3. 失物描述；4. 赞美对方热心、乐于助人, 再
次表示你的感谢；5. 请对方看到信后联系你手机, 你希望当面道谢。
参考范文：
Dear Sir / Madam，
I’m writing to thank you for returning to me my wallet and mobile phone. Last Friday, I left them on the playground after the P.E. lesson. The wallet is of great importance to me, inside which there is my identity card to be used to sign up for the college entrance exam.
You are so helpful and warm-hearted, and please accept my sincere thanks again.
If you see this letter, please contact me through 136********, and I would like to thank you face to face.
Yours，
Zhang Ming
9、人物介绍
相关短语
1. be born in a poor family出生贫穷家庭
2. attend school 上学
3. at the age of 在…岁时
4. during his childhood在他童年时
5. sense of humour幽默感
6. be always ready to总是乐于
7. modest and honest谦虚诚实
8. be regarded as被认为是
9. have a gift for在…方面有天赋
10. work hard at致力于
11. devote one’s life to致力于
12. graduate from 从…毕业
13. take an active part in积极参加
14. open-minded and optimistic乐观开朗
15. be admitted to被…录取；考入
16. go abroad for further studies出国深造
17. be honored for因…而受到尊敬
18. dream of being a writer梦想成为作家
19. make contributions to对…做出贡献
20. have a strong interest in对…有浓厚兴趣
技巧点拨
1. 介绍人物特征时, 多使用一般现在时。若描述人物具体的过去行为, 则使用一般过去时。
2. 积累常用的人物外貌描写和性格描写的语汇。
3. 描写人物性格特征时, 可使用以下句型结构, 丰富人物形象。
(1)“so + adj. /adv. + that”, 例：Mary is so diligent that she always comes first in her study.
(2) adj. +enough to do sth., 例：Bob was confident enough to solve all the problems by himself.
(3) “a person with + n.”, 例：John, a person with imagination, is able to make up many new stories.
4. 可使用副词或“with+n.”的状语结构进一步描写人物行为动作。例：
(1) David carefully positioned the cup on the edge of the shelf.
(2) David positioned the cup on the edge of the shelf with care.
5. 使用同位语、定语从句、非谓语丰富人物信息。例：
(1) Mr. Smiths, an experienced professor, is willing to help and therefore is thought highly of by all his students.
(2) Chen Ming, who was once the champion of the English Speech Contest, is glad to share his learning methods with us.
(3) Zhang Ming, furthering his study at Cambridge University, does a part-time job to earn extra money.
例文：你校同学李华刚被评为“广州三好学生(Merit Student of Guangzhou)”, 以下是李华的个人资料：
写作内容：请根据以上表格内容, 在校园博客上宣传介绍李华, 内容包括：1. 李华刚被评为“广州市三好学生”, 呼吁大家向她学习；2. 李华现任职务、爱好、特长、曾获奖项；
3. 师生对李华的评价。
参考范文：
Li Hua, who has just been awarded with the title of Merit Student of Guangzhou, is the model that we should learn from. Li Hua, the monitor and the chairman of the Students’ Union of our school, likes reading, sports and mountain climbing.
She is good at delivering speeches, oral English speaking and playing the piano as well. With her hard work, she once won the champion of the School English Speech Contest and came first in the talent show of our school. Li Hua, considered as optimistic and versatile, is liked by both students and teachers.
10、地点介绍
相关短语
1. neighbor与…为邻
2. be made up of/consist of由…组成
3. be located /situated in/near坐落在
4. serve as当…用
5. with /has a history of有…的历史
6. with/has a population of有…人口
7. cover an area of 面积有…
8. the third largest city第三大城市
9. be famous for以…而著名
10. be well-known for/as因为/作为…而出名
11. on its east lies 东边有…
12. a fantastic place 一个极好的地方
13. be rich /abundant in盛产
14. a three-storeyed building一栋三层楼的房子
技巧点拨
1. 介绍或描述地点的基础写作, 通常以表格形式来呈现写作点。该类表格通常有两列,其中一列概括事物特征、属性, 另一列对此特征、属性展开描述。学生必须重新组织表格内容, 不能死板地依据表格从左到右翻译, 如不能写成“The location of Guangzhou is in the south of China”这样不地道的句子,相应的表达应该是: Guangzhou lies in the south of China.
2. 确定时态。介绍地点等描述基本特征的文章通常使用一般现在时。
3. 避免开头指代不明。若文章没有给出写作对象或设定情景，避免用it作主语引导第一句, 而应该具体写出描述的对象，如the Great Wall, Hong Kong等。但如果整篇文章多处用“it” 等作主语,文章会稍显逊色, 所以在写作过程中, 可根据文意适当变换主语, 如改写为the place, the city等。
例文：你参加了学校的旅游兴趣小组，在汇报课上，各小组成员要介绍一个独具魅力的城市，
写作内容：请根据以上表格内容, 介绍香港的有关情况。
参考词汇：澳门Macao，南丫岛Lemma Island
参考范文：
Hong Kong, a city situated close to the south of Guangdong and to the east of Macao, is famous for traveling, food, shopping and film industry as well. In this
modern city, there are various kinds of brands from all over the world for people to choose from, which makes Hong Kong an ideal place for shopping.
Hong Kong is also an exciting place where people can enjoy their leisure time and holiday by visiting the famous scenic spots, such as the Disneyland, the Ocean Park, the Lemma Island and so on. In the restaurants run by the local people, visitors can enjoy the delicious food at a reasonable price. What’s more, Hong Kong people are creative and passionate, creating their promising future with wisdom and diligence.
11、项目描述
相关短语
1. originate as…以…出现/起源
2. a means of survival 一种生存手段
3. develop into 发展成为
4. be allowed to 被允许
5. grow steadily 稳定增长
6. twice in history 历史上两次
7. participate in 参加；参与
8. is considered to be(as)被认为是
9. what is more 此外
10. offer sb. Help 给某人提供帮助
11. be similar to 与…相似
12. choose two subjects out of…从…中选择两个科目
13. earn its status as a sport 作为一项运动取得它的地位
14. related reading materials 相关的阅读材料
15. broaden one’s horizons 开阔视野
16. provide sb. With a platform 给某人提供一个平台
技巧点拨
1. 项目描写一般是对某个事物、某项活动、某种风俗习惯等的描写, 考生平时应多阅读英语报刊杂志, 了解最新的技术发展, 掌握一些相关的地道英语, 如“畅销书”可以翻译为best sellers，“卖断货”可以翻译为“sell out of stock”。
2. 考生在项目描写的作文中需要特别注意词性, 比如说“这个产品是高质量的”, 考生容易错翻译为“This product is high quality”, 这就是考生直接按照字面翻译, 没有注意到quality是个名词而不是形容词, 所以考生应该翻译为“This product is of high quality”。
例文：最近, 你的英国笔友Jack的学校开展了选修课, 他来信询问你校选修课的开展情况。请你根据以下提示, 写一封回信介绍你校选修课情况。包括以下内容要点：
参考词汇：选修课elective course，书法calligraphy
参考范文：
Dear Bob，
I am pleased to introduce to you the elective courses of our school. The elective courses are held from 4:00 to 5:00 in the afternoon every Wednesday, lasting a term. Every student can choose two subjects out of 20 according to their own interests, such as the Brief Introduction of Chinese Literature, the Appreciation of Movies, and Calligraphy.
There is no homework for the elective courses, but students are encouraged to do a lot of related reading, which provides us with a platform for our development. No exams will be taken and instead students are required to write an essay. I like our selective courses because they are not only interesting and meaningful but also help to broaden my horizons.
Yours，
Li Hua
12、论证观点
相关短语
1. come to realize 开始意识到
2. as important as 和…一样重要
3. push sb. To do 使某人做某事
4. focus more on 更加关注
5. spoken language skills 口语技能/水平
6. communicate with 和…交流
7. therefore 因此
8. more attention should be given to 应该更加关注
9. in summary 总之
10. both necessary and beneficial 既有必要又有利
11. in return 反过来
12. far outweigh…远远比…重要
13. first of all 首先
14. shopping online 网上购物
15. due to lack of supervision 由于缺乏监督
16. what’s worse 更糟糕的是
17. bank account 银行账户
18. be harmful to 对…有害
19. for instance 例如
20. search for 寻找
21. end up doing 以做…结束
22. become disoriented 变得不知所措
技巧点拨
1. 注意审题, 避免缺漏信息点。一般而言, 观点论证的文章通常都是总～分或总～分～总的结构。
2. 考生在论证观点的时候要注意行文严密的逻辑性, 因此考生要注意使用相关的连词、副词或者短语提升文章的层次感。
3. 在语言运用方面, 考生可以掌握一些常用于议论文写作的短语和句型, 如compared with…, it is clear /obvious that…, From what I have mentioned above we can see that…等。
例文：假设你的朋友John写信告诉你他打算开通网银进行网上购物, 但你并不赞成网上购物, 于是给他写了一封信, 陈述了网上购物的弊端。
写作内容：1. 你对网上购物的看法；2. 你为何持有这种看法；3. 建议理智的消费。
参考范文：
You are writing to tell me that you are going to open the online bank service for shopping online but I don’t think it’s a good idea. There is no doubt that it is very convenient for us to have online shopping but the disadvantages of it far outweigh the advantages. First of all, shopping online is a waste of money because buyers tend to be persuaded into buying something they don’t really need.
Second, some of the products sold online are probably fake ones due to lack of supervision. W hat’s worse, nowadays there are also many reports related to online shopping that personal information and even bank accounts are stolen. Therefore, I suggest that you think twice and remain rational when you are shopping online.
13、正反论证
相关短语
1. the minority/majority of…少数/大多数…
2. traffic safety 交通安全
3. disapprove of 不同意；不赞成
4. persuade sb. Not to do…说服某人不做…
5. follow the advice 听从劝告
6. as far as I am concerned 就我所知
7. carry out 实施
8. think highly of 高度评价
9. a good solution to…一个做…的解决好办法
10. in addition 此外
11. become more rebellious 变得更加叛逆
12. from my perspective 在我看来
13. be suitable for 适合…
14. have a heated discussion 进行一次热烈的讨论
15. provide a stage for sb. 给某人提供一个舞台
16. draw the conclusion that…得出结论
17. key to success 成功的秘诀
18. focus more on…更加关注…
技巧点拨
1. 基础写作是根据所给的内容组织成文, 不是自由发挥。部分考生喜欢在文章中使用“Every coin has two sides”过渡, 但是这个句子并不包含任何信息点, 不适合在基础写作中使用。
2. 正反论证的议论文要注意使用转折和对比的词, 如however, in contrast, compared with等。
3. 如果文章最后要求考生发表自己观点, 考生不能简单地说I agree with…或者I disagree with…, 而是要言之有物, 有理有据。
例文：如今, 选美比赛在青少年中越来越普及, 因此你们班就此开展了一场“Should beauty contests be held among teenagers?”的讨论, 请你根据下面表格内容写一份总结。
参考范文：
Recently our class has had a heated discussion about whether beauty contests should be held among teenagers. Some students hold the opinion that love of beauty is part of human nature, so beauty contests not only provide a stage for people to show off their beauty but also a good chance to appreciate beauty.
Beauty contests, in their opinion, can help improve teenagers’ tastes like helping them choose the right clothes for important occasions. However, other students disagree because they are afraid that most beauty contests focus on contestants’ appearance, which encourages teenagers to run blindly after appearances.
Moreover, many beauty contests are too commercialized and it is a waste of time and money to take part. Although our classmates’ opinions vary, we can still safely draw the conclusion that a good face is not the key to success and we should focus more on inner beauty.
朗声短语
Unit1 Personal Information
devote oneself to sth.献身于…
be strict with sb.严格要求某人
have difficulty in (doing) sth.在（做）某事有困难
manage to do sth.设法做某事
make (good/great/significant) progress（好/好/重要的）进步be capable of (doing) sth.能（做）某事
be bent on (doing) sth.决意（做）某事
make up one’s mind to do sth.下决心去做某事
take up sth.拿起……
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.热衷于（做）某事
spend one’s spare time (in) doing sth. 花一个人的业余时间spend one’s spare time on sth.对某事（在）做某事complain about sth.抱怨某事
take an active part in (doing) sth.积极参与（做）某事
be thought highly of被认为的
be famous/known for sth.出名/以…
be determined to do sth.决心做某事
be absorbed in (doing) sth.吸收（做）某事
make contributions to作出贡献
be ready to do sth.准备好做某事
tell of sth.告诉某物
beg sb. For sth.乞求某人某事
bring sb. To his senses是某人他的感官
in place of sth.代替…
in the meantime与此同时
much to one’s great delight一个伟大的喜悦
much to one’s delight一个人的喜悦
in the face of sth.面对…
Unit2 Family，Friends and People Around
take good care of照顾好
be strict with sb. About sth.与某人关于某事严格
spoil the child惯坏了孩子
show respect for sb.尊重某人
live in harmony with sb.与某人和睦相处
get tired of sb./sth.厌烦某人/某物
get fed up with sb./sth.厌倦了某人/某物
generation gap代购
communicate with sb.与某人交流
have a heart-to-heart talk with sb.与某人进行了坦率的交谈turn to sb. For help向某人寻求帮助
seek help from sb.从某人寻求帮助
be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
ask for… in return要求…作为回报
earn a living谋生