2. 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词+ that
Eg. It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.
It is still a mystery what caused the accident.
2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句
Eg. It is certain that he will win the match.
It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.
It is strange that he should do that.
It is important that we all should attend the meeting.
It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句
Eg. It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gon e to shanghai)
It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented the Chinese.
It is suggested that the work （should） be done with great care. （4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句
Eg. It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)
It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be
there) It occurred to me that I had forgotten to lock my door.
It suddenly hit me that I had forgotten to lock my door.
It struck me that I had forgotten to lock my door.
It turned out that nobody remembered the address.
从句小结 从句总述： 从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。 由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。 1.主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。 2.表语从句（Predicative Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。 3.宾语从句（Object Clause）：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. 4. 同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。其关联词多为that。 状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。 宾语从句 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：时态、语序、连接词。 一：时态和语序 1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 语序：宾语从句只能用陈述句语序，坚决不能用疑问句语序。 二：连接词 ①从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that，if，whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. 例句： He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. ②连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. 例句： Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗 ③连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. 例句： He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
名词性从句---主语从句 1. What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2. Her wish is that she can lose weight soon. 3. I think that woman can reach every high achievements in many fields of science. 4. We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 引导名词性从句的关联词可分为三类： 一．从属连词：that（无任何词意） whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分二．连接代词：what, who, whom, which，whose, whatever, whoever, whichever(作主宾表定) 三．连接副词：when, where, how, why(作状语) I.主语从句 1.定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 2.位置：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 3.引导主语从句的关联词： (1)从属连词that,whether,if (在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用) That Jack won the match yesterday surprised us. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. (此处不能用if) (2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever(充当主宾表定) What she did is not known. Whoever comes is welcome. (3)连接副词where,when,how,why(在从句中充当状语) How this happened is not clear to anyone. When the meeting will be held is decided by our manager. 4.有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正主语放在句子末尾。 How the book will sell depends on its author. = It depends on its author how the book will sell. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. = It is obvious that he is the best student in the class. 用it作形式主语的几种常见结构： (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It ap pears that… 似乎… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
主语从句与宾语从句 一、名词性从句是四位从句的总称：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。这些从句都起到类似于名词的作用。 主从：一个句子充当大句子的主语，就叫主语从句。例如； What I need is money.(主语是What I need作大句的主语) It was not obvious that water is fundamental to the development of life.（It是形式主语，真正的主语是that 从句。） 主语从句的位置有两种，一种是放于句首；一种是用It 作形式主语，从句被放后面。 二、宾语从句：一个小句子充当大句子的宾语。 He asked me how old I was . She took it for granted that I’d be back home an hour ago.（It 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。） 考点一：语序 What I want to do is to go home immediately.陈述语序。 I asked where the famous restaurant was .陈述语序。 名词性从句的语序应该是陈述句语序。 删除疑问语序（be /助动词、情态动词+主语） 考点二：引导词 That（没成分） That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.(that 引导的句子作大句子的主语，that不能丢。) Whether /if （有时互换，主语从句只能用wheather引导，不能用if .可用if 的地方都能用wheather。） Whether the meeting will be put off depends on the weather . 疑问代词：what,who, whom,which,whose 在从句中有成分 What he has is just money.（在从句中有成分作宾语） 疑问副词：where ,when,why,,how在从句中有成分 Why he didn’t attend class is not know yet. That：引导名词性从句时无成分，无词义，有时可以省略。 Whether /if引导名词性从句时无成分，是否。 特殊疑问代词：主，宾，表，定。 疑问副词：状。 考点三：no matter+疑问词（what）VS疑问词（what）+ever Whatever he says must be put down . No matter what he says/Whatever he says,I will not change my mind. 意思相同，但语法不一样。第一句主从，第二句让步状语从句。以ever开头的引导主从或者状语从句，而以no matter 开头的不能引导名词性从句，只能引导状语从句，所以选ever 就一定对。 考点四：建议、命令、要求类+宾从 The doctor suggested that an operation (should)be done immediately on the patient. 初中讲过当主句是一般过去时态的宾语从句：主过去，从句也过去。当主句的动词是建议、命令、要求类的动词时，后面的宾从必须是should+动词原形且should可以省略。此时不管。主语是谁，不管主句是什么时态都不能改变动词是原形的要求.once表示建议、命令、要求类的动词suggest,advise,propose,demand,require,insist,request,ask,command,order后面如果后
高中语法—主语从句+表语从句+同位语从句 讲解 ●主语从句 一．定义：在句中起主语作用的从句 二．语序—陈述句语序 When will he come is not known. × →When he will come is not known Whether can animals be well protected is of great importance.× →Whether animals can be well protected is of great importance. →陈述句语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 三．连接词 1.从属连词：that/whether ①that：没有意义，不作成分，不可省略---That everyone likes Doraemon is amazing. (that=口袋→把句子装起来）@3.10,25,28,30 ②whether“是否”不可省略,不可用if代替---Whether they would support us was a problem. （if“如果”有歧义）@4.5 ,31 2.连接代词 ①who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever ②特定意义，不可省略 ③在主语从句中做成分 What we need is water.---作宾语@29 Who will go makes no difference.---作主语@12，14,17,19，#4,12 Who he is remains uncertain.---作表语 Whose shirt it is remains unknown. ---作定语#16 →连接代词在宾语从句中作宾语，主语，表语，定语 *Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. ---无论是谁@18 *Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. ---无论什么@2 3.连接副词 ①when,why,how,where ②特定意义，不可省略 ③作状语，表示时间，地点，原因，方式 When he will be back depends on the weather.---时间状语 Where the test will be given is not yet decided.---地点状语#14 Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.---原因状语#13 How this happened is not clear to anyone. ---方式状语 四．时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制 五．It作形式主语 1.结构it is...that...（无意义，不做成分） ①It is certain that she will do well in her exam. →It is+a.+that... ②It’s a pity that we can’t go.→It is+n.词组+that...(no wander难怪，an honor荣耀）@1，16,20 ③It is said that Tiny Times is a good movie
怎么区分定从宾从同位语从句？（从成分方面） 老师说什么。。。做在句子中做成分就是。。。去掉以后句子不完整就是。。。。 满意答案： 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类，即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。引导从句的词称作关联句。名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分,而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示] 1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well known that water is indispensable to life. 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面,如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省，一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging. 如何判断各类从句呢？答：1．分析句子结构以区分从句的种类。遇到一个复合句，首先要分析其句子结构，看从句在整个句子中起什么作用，那么它就是什么从句。2．分析引导词的句法作用以区别从句的种类。that这个词既可引导同位语从句，又可引导定语从句，这种两种从句从形式和结构上看特别相似，如何区分呢？区分that引导的是同位语从句还是定语从句的方法是，看that在从句中是否充当句子成分，若that在从句中不充当任何成分，则为同位语从句；若that在从句中充当主语或宾语，则为定语从句。3．根据被修饰词来判断从句的种类。定语从句常常修饰一些具有实际意义的名词，如：the film；the student；the book；a house等等。而同位语从句常常修饰一些表示抽象概念的名词，如fact、idea、promise、truth等，用来说明这些名词所表示的具体内容。状语从句在句子中常用来修饰谓语动词。4．根据从句前词的词性来判断从句的种类。宾语从句分两种：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句。宾语从句前肯定是动词或介词。定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的，所以其前一定是一个名词或代词。5．根据上下文意义和结构形式上区分从句的种类。如so that即可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，如何区分呢？主要从以下两点来区分。①根据上下文意义判断。“以便……”表示目的，是目的状语从句，“以致于……”，“结果……”表示结果，是结果状语从句。②从结构形式上来分辨。so that前有逗号，为结勤劳的蜜蜂有糖吃 果状语从句，反之，则为目的状语从句。有时，so that前无逗号，这里要看从句中有无can、could、may、might、will、would、should 等情态动词，如果有，则多是目的状语从句，若没有，则多是结果状语从句。
主语从句详解 一、概述 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句.根据它们在句中的语法作用, 这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句. 二、主语从句主要有四类 （1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That you are so indifferent bothers me. That she survived the accident is a miracle. （2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 注意：引导主语从句, 不能用if, 只能用whether. 例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （3）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中, 其连接代词在句中起名词性作用, 担当一定成分. 例如：What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用
主语从句 一、主语从句的连词分三类 （1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that whether if） that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That she survived the accident is a miracle. whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。 注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether。 Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （2）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分. 例如：What you need is more practice. Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用 whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。 如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句） （＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ） Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句） （＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ） （3）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。) 例如:Where we should leave it is a problem. When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.
主语从句专练 I. 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。 1. ______ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear. 2. ______ team will win the match is still unknown. 3. ______ comes to the party will receive a present. 4. ______ Mary has left is still a question. 5. It’s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly. 6. ______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us. 7. We usually think ______ we can’t get seems better than what we have. 8. It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language. 9. ______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided. II. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。 1. That the old man’s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden. 2. It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space. 3. If he can finish his task on time is of great importance. 4. Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation. 5. Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 6. Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided. 7. When will win the English competition is still a problem. 8. How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet. 9. It’s strange when he should have gone away without telling us. III. 选择题 1.________ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
10级A班第六组作业 同位语从句 一.同位语从句的概念 在复合句中用作名词的从句叫同位语从句，其主要用途是对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容。 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常是： news,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message ,suggestion,word, possibility,order,fear,proof,belief,advise,demand,problem,request,truth,wish等例句: I just got word that he is not coming this evening. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. The Mona Lisa is widely seen as proof that good looks can last for ever. There is no doubt that he is guilty. There is great doubt whether he did so or not. 二．同位语从句的先行词 同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。
例句： How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的 The news that his heath is failing made us sad. 他健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。 I have no idea where they are spending their holidays. 我不知道他们在哪里度假。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑 There is no doubt that he will come here again.他会再来这里，这是毫无疑问的。He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents. 他被是否接受他们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。 三．同位语从句的引导词 1. 连词that引导同位语从句 The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）
高中英语主语从句知识点整理 课 件www.5y https://www.doczj.com/doc/6211384407.html, 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： 从属连词that。 例如：Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialrese mblancebetweenthem.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 从属连词whether。 例如：whetherhe'llcomehereisn'tclear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 连接代词： who whom whose what which whoever whatever
whichever 连接副词： where when how why 例如： whatshedidisnotyetknown.她干了什么尚不清楚。 Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 whoevercomesiswelcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 whereveryouareismyhome----myonlyhome.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 注：主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词+that从句。 例如： Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B. It+be+名词词组+that从句。 例如： It'sapitythatwecan'tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。 It'snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 c.It+be+过去分词+that从句。 例如： Itissaidthatmr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 Itisreportedthatchinahassentanotherman-madeearthsat elliteintoorbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 D.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。 例如： ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.碰巧我那天外出了。 E.It+doesn'tmatter+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,主要在以下三方面: 1.从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth, possibility,promise,order等名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句? The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed. (同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. (同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. (定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. (定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study. (定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2.从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴? The news that our team has won the game was true. (同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?) The news that he told me yesterday was true. (定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?) I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. (同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)
名词性从句的关联词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1.引导名词性从句的关联词有；连接词that, if, whether; 连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。 1.1 that 连词that本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，在宾语从句中有时可省略。 I hear (that) he has joined the football club. That light travels in straight line is known to all. It so happens that I know the man. Is it certain that they will win. 1.2 whether和if 做连接词 1.2.1 whether可以连接所有的名词性从句，而if只能引导宾语从句。 I didn't know whether he would attend the concert.（宾语从句，可用if代替whether） The question is whether it s worth trying.（表语从句，不可用if代替whether）Whether she comes or not makes no difference.（主语从句，不可用if代替whether） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.（同位语从句, 不可用代替） 1.2.2 whether引导的宾语从句可作介词的宾语，而if则不能。 It all depends on whether they will support us. (不用if) Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. (不用if) 1.2.3 if既可引导直接宾语从句，也可引导间接宾语从句。如果用if会引起歧义，应避免使用if，而用whether。 Please let me know if you want to join us. （if从句可被看成是宾语从句，if
要考试，找戴氏戴氏教育乐山分校主讲教师：徐海燕 主语从句——突破高考 1、名词性从句的概念：名词性从句相当于名词。 主语从句 2、名词性从句种类表语从句 宾语从句 3、引导名词性从句的关系词：①从属连词：that；whether；if；as if（表语从句） ②连接代词：who；whom；whose；what；which ③连接副词：when；where；why；how 以及how组成 的短语：how many；how long；how far。。。 （1）主语从句 Eg：A、What surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of room. B、That he will come is certain. C、Whether she’s coming or not doesn’t matter too much. D、Which team will win the match is a matter of public concern. E、Where she has gone is not known yet’ ※主语从句较长时，放句末，用it 作形式主语。 Eg：It was well known that Napoleon always asked the same three questions，and usually in the same order. It is uncertain whether he can come or not. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain. It has not been decided when they will leave for New York. 总结：用it作形式主语有以下几种常用句型： ①it + be + 形容词+从句 ②it + be + 名词词组+从句 ③it + be + 过去分词+从句 ④it + seems ; happen ;等不及物动词+从句 直击高考： 1、______leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. A、Anyone B、The person C、Whoever D、Who 2、______the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A、Whenever B、If C、Whether D、That 3、_____he said at the meeting astonished every present. A、What B、That C、The fact D、That 4、_____we can’t get seems better than ______ we have. A、What ; what B、What ;that C、That ; that D、That ;that 5、_____ troubles me is ______ I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart. A、That ; that B、What ; that C、That ; what D、What ;\ 6、______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A、What B、That C、This D、Which