21. —Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if
B.As though
C. In case
D. If only
22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.
A. gets
B. has got
C. will get
D.is getting
23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.
A. corrects
B. correct
C.to correct
D. correcting
24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.
A. why
B. how
C. that
D. whether
25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.
A. wouldn’t
B. didn’t
C. hasn’t
D. hadn’t
26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating
or sleeping.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use
B. Using
C. Used
D. To use
28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____.
A. some
B. less
C. much
D. more
29. —Have you heard about that fire in the market?
— Yes, fortunately no one _____.
A. hurt
B. was hurt
C. has hurt
D. had been hurt
30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.
A. had developed
B. was developing
C. would develop
D. developed
31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock
B. Knocking
C. Knocked
D. To knock
33. We ______ the difficult y together, but why didn’t you tell me?
A. should face
B. might face
C. could have faced
D. must have faced
34. Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. across
35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.
A. is
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
Inspiration
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my __36__ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was __37__ to more, my interests in the world of dance __38__ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a __39__ in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a __40__; I became a member of the company __41__ back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed
in a state of pleasant disbelief __43__ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually __44__ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely __45__. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of __46__. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to __47__ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme __48__ to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us __49__. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals __50__ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new __51__ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical __52__ were pushed much further than I thought __53__. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great __54__ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a __55__ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
36. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word
37. A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended
38. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently
39. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer
40. A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality
41. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking
42. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings
43. A. while B. since C. until D. when
44. A. Cared B. Expected C. Asked D. Decided
45. A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished
46. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures
47. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick
48. A. Attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation
49. A. apart B. aside C. off D. back
50. A. over B. by C. with D. beyond
51. A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage
52. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts
53. A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible
54. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility
55. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Basics of Math—Made Clear
Basic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数) and beyond.
The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指数), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.
Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazing—and completely understandable—field of study.
By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.
Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America,” is a devoted teac her and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary.
With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.
If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.
56. What does the course Basic Math mainly cover?
A. Algebra.
B. College Mathematics.
C. Arithmetic.
D. Mathematics Education.
57. What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?
A. Stronger imaginative ability.
B. Additional presentation skills.
C. More mathematical confidence.
D. Greater chances of becoming teachers.
58. What can we learn about Professor H. Siegel?
A. He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television.
B. He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.
C. He works in Georgia State University.
D. He specializes in training teachers.
59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?
A. A news report.
B. A book review
C. A lesson plan.
D. An advertisement
B
Peanuts to This
Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?”
Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; flip (掷) a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began hi s report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?
Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
60. What did the author’s classmates think about his report?
A. Controversial.
B. Ridiculous.
C. Boring.
D. Puzzling.
61. Why was the author confused about the task?
A. He was unfamiliar with American history.
B. He followed the advice and flipped a coin.
C. He forgot his teacher’s instruction.
D. He was new at the school.
62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 prob ably means _______.
A. annoyed
B. ashamed
C. ready
D. eager
63. In the end, the author turned things around _______.
A. by redoing his task
B. through his own efforts
C. with the help of his grandfather
D. under the guidance of his headmaster
C
Decision-making under Stress
A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的) consequences of a decision.
The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.
“Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.”
For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn’t gone through the stress.
This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress –at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.
The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.
Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win.
This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.
64. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ______.
A. keep rewards better in their memory
B. recall consequences more effortlessly
C. make risky decisions more frequently
D. learn a subject more effectively
65. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their ______.
A. ways of making choices
B. preference for pleasure
C. tolerance of punishments
D. responses to suggestions
66. The research has proved that in a stressful situation, ______.
A. women find it easier to fall into certain habits
B. men have a greater tendency to slow down
C. women focus more on outcomes
D. men are more likely to take risks
D
Wilderness
“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
67. John Sauven holds that_____.
A. many people value nature too much
B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
68. What is the main idea of Para. 3?
A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
69. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?
A. Objective.
B. Disapproving.
C. Sceptical.
D. Optimistic.
70. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
Empathy
Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71__ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reali ty shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的)
intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.
What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__
To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.
A. Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.
B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the
researchers said.
C. “One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,”
Freed says.
D. Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but
empathetic.
E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they
think and how they feel.
F. Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will
help you succeed in many areas of life.
G. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and
having empathy is decisive to those relationships.
第一节情景作文（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来，向校报投稿。
注意：1.日记的开头已为你写好。
2.词数不少于60。
Saturday，June2 Fine This morning_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
第二节开放作文（15分）
请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。
You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
21．A 考从属连词，解题方法，看前后逻辑关系选择词义符合的从属连词。A是即使，B是好象，C 是以妨，D是如果。。就
22. C 考时态，时间状语从句中的主将从现
23. D and连接并列成分，所以选择和making形式一样的correcting.
24. C 考名词从句，名词从句结构完整不缺少含义，that不做成份没意义，A和B即做成份也有含义，D有含义不做成份
25. B 考时态，他没有来这个动作发生在过去，跟现在无关，用一般过去时态
26. B 考定语从句，非限定性定语从句
27. C 考非谓语，第一步先看是主动还是被动判断出被动就可直接选C
28. D 考代词，
29. B 考时态，被动，发生在过去
30. D 考时态，动作发生在过去所以一般过去时
31. A 考动词，本句是祈使句，所以选能充分谓语的动词原形，其他三个均为非谓语
32. A 考非谓语，目的还未发生，选不定式
33. C 考情态动词对过去的推测用法，采用基本翻译译法，“我们本来能一起面对困难。”
34. D 考介词，这道题是旧题了
35. B 考虚拟,as if 后面与真实相反，对现在虚拟所以退回到过去时态
36. C 名词辨析。根据名词根据上下文提示原则，通过but that little girl's dream of someday 中的dream 可知本题应该选择dream一词.
37. C 动词辨析。A中的connected 通常不与to搭配，后一般接with 表示与某人联系，B中的expand 为扩张后一般接into 表示扩大为…… D中的extended 为扩大扩展。而这里主要讲的是伴随着成长作者对其梦想接触的就越多be exposed to 表示的是与……相接处遭受……感染。
38. B副词辨析。根据前后文的关系可知，作者对于舞蹈接触多了，理所当然对于舞蹈世界产生的兴趣也会增多，变得丰富多彩起来。前后一种承接的必然关系A很少的罕见的，转折C 可能不表示必然的结果Dconsistently始终如一地一致的表并列而非承接。
39. D 名词辨析。全文都在讲dance的问题自然作者想成为的是一名dancer。
40. D 名词辨析。考察词组固定搭配make dream reality让梦想变为现实。而且上下文找同义词通过any sense of reality 可知选择reality。
41. B动词辨析。date back to表示追溯到追溯回A bounce 表示反弹，C turn back to表示翻回到，重新提到Dtrack本身即表追溯不许加back to
42. A动词辨析。作者站在现在的角度回顾过去自然会觉得当初的想法缺乏现实的感，毕竟作为孩子都爱做梦的而且通过介词of 可知与lack 搭配lack of 表示缺少缺乏。
43. C 连词辨析。该句考查直到......才得用法。其前后文的意思是相反的。
44. B 动词辨析。由于前文中作者在排练中直到了自己的不足。所以不认为自己能得到这一工作be expected to 表示期待期望。A cared 表示关心在乎C 询问要求D 决定
45. D 形容词辨析。作者前文中不认为自己能得到这一工作。当她得到这份工作时肯定会感到惊讶D astonished 表示的是惊讶
46. A 名词辨析。Though 前后表转折。前半句是尽管我为这一改变而激动不已，后半句转折肯定不是正向词了因此BC 作为正向词排除而D表示的是探险冒险，用在这里词意过大。而A challenge挑战。作者既然得到了这一工作，而由于自己存在不足。自然会面临挑战。
47. D词组辨析。Put up 举起张贴，mix up搅合，build up增进，pick up挑出，拣出，
在这里是指快速的挑出一些重要动作。
48. A名词辨析。通过后面的and可知前后是并列。Stress on 表示着重在，而attention to 表示把注意力集中于。两者意思等价股为A
49. A 介词辨析。Set apart 表示区别使分离。Set aside留出，驳回，撤销。Set off 出发，动身。Set back 推迟，受到重创。这里是指将我们区分开来用A
50. C 介词辨析。在这里with表示伴随。表示强压的排练，这一排练是版对着繁忙的演出日程表的。
51. B 名词辨析。我发现了“努力工作”的一个新的意义。Afunction 表示作用Cexpression 表示表达而usage 表示作用用途。这里只是作者在训练过程中懂得了其一个新的意义。后文并对其进行了解释。
52. A 名词辨析。作者的体力极限远远超过了作者认为的可能的极限。在这里作为界限讲的只能是A boundary，而B 指问题，C 指障碍，D指努力都不符合
53. D 形容词辨析。解析参照52
54. B名词解析。在这里作者回顾在公司里难以置信的经历时。觉得因为成为其中的一份子而感到光荣。Be honor of表示感到光荣，A talent 表示天赋，C potential 表示潜力，
D responsibility 表示责任。
55. C名词辨析victory 表示胜利，trend 表示趋势，tradition 表示惯例，desire表示欲望心愿。作者看到的是一个传统，一个惯例对其小女孩及一个公司的影响，也就是坚持自己的梦想。
56. C 细节题，文中第二段The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic.
57. C 细节题，第四段By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery (神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined.
58. B 细节综合题根据第五六段，可排除ACD项。
59. D 最后一段可推出If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.
60.B 推断题第二、三段
61.A 推断题第一段和第二段
62.D 词义猜测题
63.B 推断，最后一段Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.
64.A 细节题。由题干的people under pressure可定位至第三段："Stress affects how people learn," says Professor Mara Mather. People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress. A选项的keep… in memory, rewards, better分别和这一段中的learn, positive outcomes, better相对应，是对原文的同义改写，所以正确。另外一处依据是第四段最后一句话：In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn't gone through the stress.
65.A. 细节题。由题干的stress affect people可定位到第六段第一句话：The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. A选项对应于这一句话中的decision-making，所以正确。另外，在全文最后一段中也出现了make choices。
66.D．推理题。用排除法即可做出此题。A项是无中生有。B项张冠李戴，tend to slow down 说的是women。C项也是错误的，依据是第六段第二句话的前半句：While both men and
women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequces。所以选D项。另一种方法是，由全文最后一段也可直接推出D项。最后一段"they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction."中的they指的是women,由这一句话可知men are more likely to take risks.所以选D。
67. B细节综合题，第二段these "ecosystem services" far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
68. C段落大意题，根据题干定位到第三段
69. A作者态度题，根据最后两段的首句就可以看出作者的态度还是比较客观的
70. D文章结构题，根据每段主旨推出
71. B 空前和空后是一个过去和现在时间的过渡性原因的解释
72. D 总结性话语，跟example 有关，只有D 选跟example
73. G 空前的nature 跟选项的being human相前，且前面的socially related 跟选项中的is decisive to those relationships.
74. F 空前讲了对一个管理者来说如何，空后提到了Academics are important. But …successful in work, 跟一个人能力有关，所以选F
75. C 空前的he best way to up your EQ 和选项中的develop empathy 相关联
This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled. It seemed they were lost. I went up to them and asked how I could help. They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven. I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, the bus came. We waved good-bye to each other. Seeing them on the bus, I felt a kind of satisfaction.
4幅图的要点分别是“偶遇游客”、“得知目的地”、“带领乘坐公交车”、“送行、致谢”
写作时先确定时态为过去时，然后分段：第一段是“偶遇游客”，第二段经过和结果，第三段抒情，方才完成记叙文“记叙+抒情”的写作思路。
范文中运用了非谓语动词作状语，非限定性定语从句等句式，用appropriated、satisfaction 和puzzled等对人物情绪做了合理联想和表达。
给考生的启示：有限的写作时间内，用有限的单词表现对于高级句式和词汇的掌握程度，并以第一人称的角度对人物的感情做合理联想，使文章更为深刻。
You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
One possible version:
I think the white pencil, looking proud and delighted, is laughing at the black pencil by saying "You're nearing the end!" The black pencil, on the other hand, remains calm. The white pencil's words let him fall into deep thoughts. He clearly remembers he has been used in writing and drawing. It's true that he's approaching the end but he has been living a memorable life and there has rarely been a dull moment.
In reality, we should learn from the black pencil: not to mind what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done.
立意可以是人生的价值在于过去所做的事情，而不在于生命所处的阶段，或者是新手应该尊重前辈，并向前辈学习。
范文中运用插入语，非谓语动词对图片进行描述后，又对短铅笔的想法做了合理联想，最后自然过渡到议论，比较自然。
给考生的启示：语言短小精悍，立意贴合图片，思路清晰连贯。
2012年北京市高级中等学校招生考试 数 学 试 卷 学校 姓名 准考证号 一、选择题（本题共32分，每小题4分） 下面各题均有四个选项，其中只有一个是符合题意的． 1． 9-的相反数是 A ．19 - B ． 19 C ．9- D ．9 2． 首届中国（北京）国际服务贸易交易会（京交会）于2012年6月1日闭幕，本届京交 会期间签订的项目成交总金额达60 110 000 000美元，将60 110 000 000用科学记数法表示应为 A ．96.01110? B ．960.1110? C ．106.01110? D ．110.601110? 3． 正十边形的每个外角等于 A ．18? B ．36? C ．45? D ．60? 4． 右图是某个几何体的三视图，该几何体是 A ．长方体 B ．正方体 C ．圆柱 D ．三棱柱 5． 班主任王老师将6份奖品分别放在6个完全相同的不透明礼盒中，准备将它们奖给小英 等6位获“爱集体标兵”称号的同学．这些奖品中3份是学习文具，2份是科普读物，1份是科技馆通票．小英同学从中随机取一份奖品，恰好取到科普读物的概率是 A ． 16 B ． 13 C ． 12 D ． 23 6． 如图，直线AB ，C D 交于点O ，射线O M 平分A O C ∠，若76BO D ∠=?，则B O M ∠等于 A ．38? B ．104? C ．142? D ．144? 7． 某课外小组的同学们在社会实践活动中调查了20户家庭某月的用电量，如下表所示： 用电量（度） 120 140 160 180 200 户数 2 3 6 7 2 则这20户家庭该月用电量的众数和中位数分别是
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 语文Ⅰ 一、语言文字运用（15分） 1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都相同的一组是：（3分）（A） A．舟楫/编辑道观/冠名权濒临/彬彬有礼B．蹒跚/珊瑚嫁接/度假村布帛/并行不悖 C．慑服/拍摄昭示/软着陆荒诞/肆无忌惮D．忏悔/阡陌储蓄/处方药复辟/刚愎自用 答案：A [解析]B项“帛（bó）”与“悖（bèi）”读音不同，C项“昭（zhāo）”与“着（zhuó）”读音不同，D项“忏（chàn）”与“阡（qiān）”读音不同。 [评点]从考查的内容上看，有形近字（共四组）、同音字（共八组），而且以同音字考查为主导，这是比较少见的，这也体现了命题人的胆识；在读音不相同的选项中只设一组读音不同，做到了命题的规范，也大大降低了试题的难度，因而一上来就给考生坚定了信心。但是，同音字考查过多，并且同音字除了同音之外之间再没有其他任何联系，比如“嫁”与“假”，“帛”与“悖”，“昭”与“着”，等，并组考查根本没有多少实际意义，给人的感觉好像只是两个同音字简单地组合在一起而已，并不是一种负责任的对人才选拔性的考查。所以从此题内容上说，命题有些低幼化，也间接地帮扶了不愿识记的当代中学生，而且还“促进”了当代中学生识记能力逐步退化的倾向。 2．在下面一段话空缺和依次填入成语，最恰当的一组是：（3分）（C） 笔名满天下而原名湮没无闻者，事实上等于____________。人家给咱们介绍一位沈雁冰先生，不如介绍茅盾来得响亮；介绍一位谢婉莹女士，不如介绍冰心来得____________。等到自己也肯公然承认名叫茅盾或冰心的时候，仍不失为行不更名、坐不改姓的好汉。千秋万岁后，非但真假难辨，而且____________。 A．改名换姓大名鼎鼎弄巧成拙B．移花接木如雷贯耳弄巧成拙C．改名换姓如雷贯耳弄假成真D．移花接木大名鼎鼎弄假成真 答案：C [解析]第一空根据“笔名满天下而原名湮没无闻”应填“改名换姓”，“移花接木”含有“暗中更换人和物，以假乱真”之意，与前文语境不符；第二空根据沈雁冰之例中有“来得响亮”一语，
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1 its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be 4 as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not 5 by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself 6 to the code of conduct that 7 to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases 8 the question of whether there is still a 9 between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law 10 having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions 11 they would be free to 12 those in power and have no need to 13 political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely 14 . Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social 15 like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it 16 is inescapably political—which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily 17 as unjust. The justices must 18 doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves 19 to the code of conduct. That would make ruling more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, 20 , convincing as law. 1. [A] emphasize [B] maintain [C] modify [D] recognize 2. [A] when [B] lest [C] before [D] unless 3. [A] restored [B] weakened [C] established [D] eliminated 4. [A] challenged [B] compromised [C] suspected [D] accepted 5. [A] advanced [B] caught [C] bound [D] founded 6. [A] resistant [B] subject [C] immune [D] prone 7. [A] resorts [B] sticks [C] loads [D] applies 8. [A] evade [B] raise [C] deny [D] settle 9. [A] line [B] barrier [C] similarity [D] conflict 10. [A] by [B] as [C] though [D] towards 11. [A] so [B] since [C] provided [D] though 12. [A] serve [B] satisfy [C] upset [D] replace 13. [A] confirm [B] express [C] cultivate [D] offer 14. [A] guarded [B] followed [C] studied [D] tied 15. [A] concepts [B] theories [C] divisions [D] conceptions 16. [A] excludes [B] questions [C] shapes [D] controls
2012年江苏省高考数学试卷 一、填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共计70分．请把答案填写在答题卡相应位置上． 1．（5分）已知集合A={1，2，4}，B={2，4，6}，则A∪B=_________． 2．（5分）某学校高一、高二、高三年级的学生人数之比为3：3：4，现用分层抽样的方法从该校高中三个年级的学生中抽取容量为50的样本，则应从高二年级抽取_________名学生． 3．（5分）设a，b∈R，a+bi=（i为虚数单位），则a+b的值为_________． 4．（5分）图是一个算法流程图，则输出的k的值是_________． 5．（5分）函数f（x）=的定义域为_________． 6．（5分）现有10个数，它们能构成一个以1为首项，﹣3为公比的等比数列，若从这10个数中随机抽取一个数，则它小于8的概率是_________． 7．（5分）如图，在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AD=3cm，AA1=2cm，则四棱锥A﹣BB1D1D的体积为_________ cm3．
8．（5分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，若双曲线的离心率为，则m的值为_________． 9．（5分）如图，在矩形ABCD中，AB=，BC=2，点E为BC的中点，点F在边CD上，若=，则 的值是_________． 10．（5分）设f（x）是定义在R上且周期为2的函数，在区间[﹣1，1]上，f（x）=其中a，b∈R．若=，则a+3b的值为_________． 11．（5分）设a为锐角，若cos（a+）=，则sin（2a+）的值为_________． 12．（5分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，圆C的方程为x2+y2﹣8x+15=0，若直线y=kx﹣2上至少存在一点，使得以该点为圆心，1为半径的圆与圆C有公共点，则k的最大值是_________． 13．（5分）已知函数f（x）=x2+ax+b（a，b∈R）的值域为[0，+∞），若关于x的不等式f（x）＜c的解集为（m，m+6），则实数c的值为_________． 14．（5分）已知正数a，b，c满足：5c﹣3a≤b≤4c﹣a，clnb≥a+clnc，则的取值范围是_________． 二、解答题：本大题共6小题，共计90分．请在答题卡指定区域内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤． 15．（14分）在△ABC中，已知． （1）求证：tanB=3tanA； （2）若cosC=，求A的值．
2012年文综全国II卷（历史） 24.汉武帝设置十三州刺史以监察地方，并将豪强大族“田宅逾制”作为重要的监察内容，各地财产达300万钱的豪族被迁到长安附近集中居住。这表明当时（） A.政权的政治与经济支柱是豪强大族 B.政治权利与经济势力出现严重分离 C.抑制豪强是缓解土地兼并的重要措施 D.经济手段是巩固专制集权的主要方式 25.许仙与白娘子自由相恋因法海和尚作梗终成悲剧，菩萨化身的济公游戏人间维持正义。这些在宋代杭州流传的故事，反应出当时（） A.对僧人爱恨交加的社会心态 B.民间思想借助戏剧广泛传播 C.中国文化的地域性特色浓厚 D.市民阶层的价值取向 26.明后期松江人何良俊记述：“（正德）以前，百姓十一在官，十九在田……今去农而改业为工商者三倍于前矣。昔日原无游手之人，今去农而游手趁食（谋生）者又十之二三也。大抵以十分百姓言之，已六七去农。”据此可知（） A．工商业的发展造成了农业的衰退 B.工商业发展导致了社会结构的变动 C.财富分配不均引起贫富分化加剧 D.无业游民增加促成了工商业的发展 27.理学家王阳明说：“士以修治，农以具养，工以利器，商以通货，各就其资之所近，力之所及者而业焉，以求尽其心，其归要在于有益生人（民）之道，则一而已……四民异业而同道。”在此，王阳明（） A.重申传统的“四民”秩序 B.主张重新整合社会阶层 C.关注的核心问题是百姓生计 D.阐发的根本问题是正心诚意 28.清代内阁处理公务的案例“积成样本四巨册”，官员“怀揣摹此样本为急”，时人称之为：“依样葫芦画不难，葫芦变化有千端。画成依旧葫芦样，要把葫芦仔细看。”这反应出当时（） A.内阁职权下降导致官员无所事事 B.政治体制僵化官员拘泥规则 C.内阁机要事务繁忙官员穷于应付 D.皇帝个人独裁官员惟命是从 29．梁启超在论述中国古代专制政治发展时说：“专制权稍薄弱，则有分裂，有分裂则有立征，有力征则有兼并，兼并多一次，则专制权高一度，愈积愈进”从中国古代历史整体来看，这一论述中可以确认的是（） A．君主专制是维系统一的主要条件 B.分裂动荡是专制权力产生的前提 C．专制程度随历史进程而不断加强 D.武力夺取政权是专制制度的基础 30．1895年，身为状元的张謇开始筹办纱厂，他称自己投身实业是“捐弃所持，舍身喂虎”。这反映出张謇（） A．毅然冲破视商为末业的传统观念 B．B.决心投入激烈的民族工商业竞争 C．预见到国内工商业发展前景暗淡 D.具有以追求利润为目的的冒险精神 31.1920年12月，毛泽东在致朋友的信中说：“我看俄国式的革命，是无可如何的山穷水尽你诸路皆走不通了的一个变计，并不是有更好的方法弃而不采，单要采这个恐怖的方法。”这表明在当时中国共产党早期组织成员看来（） A.俄国革命道路必须与中国实际相结合 B.在中心城市举行武装暴动是当务之急 C.暴力革命是进行社会改造的必然选择 D.改良仍旧是改造社会行之有效的方法 32.1958年，美国一份评估中国“二五”计划的文件认为，中国虽然面临着农业生产投入不足与人口快速增长的压力，但由于中苏关系良好而可以获得苏联援助，同时减少粮食出口，中国可以解决农业问题，工业也将保持高速发展。这一文件的判断（） A.对中美关系的急剧变化估计不足 B.B.低估了苏联对华经济援助的作用 C.符合中苏两国关系的基本走向 D.与中国工农业发展状况不符 33.据统计，1992年全国辞去公职经商者达12万人，未辞职而以各种形式投身商海者超过1000万人，这种现象被称为“下海潮”。这反映了（）
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 数学（文史类） 一、选择题：本大题共9小题，每小题5分，共45分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.设集合M={-1,0,1}，N={x|x 2=x}，则M ∩N= A.{-1，0，1} B.{0,1} C.{1} D.{0} 【答案】B 【解析】 {}0,1N = M={-1,0,1} ∴M ∩N={0,1} 【点评】本题考查了集合的基本运算，较简单，易得分.先求出{}0,1N =，再利用交集定义得出M ∩N. 2.复数z=i （i+1）（i 为虚数单位）的共轭复数是 A.-1-i B.-1+i C.1-i D.1+i 【答案】A 【解析】由z=i （i+1）=1i -+，及共轭复数定义得1z i =--. 【点评】本题考查复数代数形式的四则运算及复数的基本概念，考查基本运算能力.先把Z 化成标准的 (,)a bi a b R +∈形式，然后由共轭复数定义得出1z i =--. 3.命题“若α= 4π ，则tan α=1”的逆否命题是 A.若α≠4π，则tan α≠1 B. 若α=4 π ，则tan α≠1 C. 若tan α≠1，则α≠4π D. 若tan α≠1，则α=4 π 【答案】C 【解析】因为“若p ，则q ”的逆否命题为“若p ?，则q ?”，所以 “若α=4 π ，则tan α=1”的逆否命题是 “若tan α≠1，则α≠ 4 π”. 【点评】本题考查了“若p ，则q ”形式的命题的逆命题、否命题与逆否命题，考查分析问题的能力. 4.某几何体的正视图和侧视图均如图1所示，则该几何体的俯视图不可能．．． 是 【答案】D 【解析】本题是组合体的三视图问题，由几何体的正视图和侧视图均如图1所示知，原图下面图为圆柱或直四棱柱，上面是圆柱或直四棱柱或下底是直角的三棱柱，Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，都可能是该几何体的俯视图，Ｄ不可能是该几何体的俯视图，因为它的正视图上面应为如图的矩形.
2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷) 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分为150分。考试用时150分钟。 注意事项： 1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答 卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。 2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。 2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文 本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第11卷(表达题)两部分。考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷阅读题 甲必考题 一、现代文阅读((9分，每小题3分) 阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。 “黑箱，是控制论中的概念，意为在认识上主体对其内部情况全然不知的对象.“科技黑箱”的含义与此有所不同，它是一种特殊的存贮知识、运行知识的设施或过程，使用者如同面对黑箱，不必打开，也不必理解和掌握其中的知识，只需按规则操作即可得到预期的结果.例如电脑、手机、摄像机、芯片，以及药品等，可以说，几乎技术的全部中间和最终成果都是科技黑箱.在科技黑箱的生产过程中，科学知识是通泌出，价值观和伦理道德则对科学知识进行选择。除此以外，科技黑箱中还整合了大童人文的、社会的知识，并且或多或少渗透了企业文化和理念。这样，在电脑或手机中就集成了物理学、计葬机科学、管理学、经济学、美学，以及对市场的调研和政府的相关政策等知识. 科技黑箱是特殊的传播与共享知识的媒体，具有三大特点。首先，它使得每一个使用者-不仅牛顿，都能直接“站在巨人的肩上”继续前进.试想，如果要全世界的电脑使用者都透彻掌握电脑的工作原理，掌握芯片上的电子理论，那需要多少时间?知识正是通过科技黑箱这一途径而达到最大限度的共享。如今，计葬机天才、黑客的年龄越来越小，神童不断出现，他们未必理解计算机的制作过程就能编写软件、破译密码。每一代新科技黑箱的出现，就为相对“无知识”的年轻一代的崛起与赶超提供了机会。其次.处在相付低端的科技黑箱往往与语境和主体无关，而处于高端的科技黑箱则需满足特定主体在特定场合乃至心理的需要。人们很少能对一把锤子做什么改进，而使用一个月后的电脑则已经深深地打上了个人的印记，这就锐明，在认识变得简单易行之时，实践变得复杂和重要.最后，当科技为我们打开一扇又一扇门的时候，我们能拒绝它的诱惑不进去吗?而一旦进去，我们的行为能不受制于房间和
2012年普通高等学校招生统一考试（理综化学） 6．下列有关化学键的叙述，正确的是 A．离子化合物中一定含有离子键 B．单质分子均不存在化学键 C．含有极性键的分子一定是极性分子 D．含有共价键的化合物一定是共价化合物 答案：A 【解析】离子化合物中一定含有离子键，A正确；只有单原子分子单质分子中不含化学键，B错误；CO2分子含有极性键，但CO2是非极性分子；NaOH等离子化合物含有共价键，但是离子化合物，不是共价化合物，D错误。 7．能正确表示下列反应的离子方程式是 A．硫酸铝溶液中加入过量氨水Al3＋＋3OH－= Al(OH)3↓ B．碳酸钠溶液中加入澄清石灰水Ca(OH)2＋CO32－= CaCO3↓＋2OH－ C．冷的氢氧化钠溶液中通入氯气Cl2＋2OH－= ClO－＋Cl－＋H2O D．稀硫酸中加入铁粉2Fe＋6H＋= 2Fe3＋＋3H2↑ 答案：C 【解析】A答案中氨水是弱电解质，应写成分子式，错误；B中澄清石灰水应写成离子形式，错误；D答案中铁粉与稀硫酸反应生成亚铁离子，错误。 8．合成氨所需的氢气可用煤和水作原料经过多步反应制得，其中的一步反应为： CO(g)＋H2O(g)催化剂 CO2(g)＋H2(g) △H < 0 反应到达平衡后，为提高CO的转化率，下列措施中正确的是 A．增加压强B．降低温度 C．增大CO的浓度D．更换催化剂答案：B 【解析】CO(g)＋H2O(g)催化剂 CO2(g)＋H2(g)是一个气体总体积不发生改变的反应，增大压强平衡不移动，CO的 转化率不变，A错误；反应式放热反应，降低温度平衡向放热方向移动，B正确；增大CO 的浓度，平衡向正反应方向移动，CO 的转化率降低，C错误；催化剂对化学平衡没有影响，D错误。 9．反应A+B→C(△H<0)分两步进行：①A+B→X(△H>0)，②X→C(△H<0)。下列示意图中，能正确表示总反应过程中能量变化的是 A B C D 答案：D 【解析】由反应A+B →C（△H ＜0）分两步进行①A+B→X （△H ＞0）②X→C（△H ＜0）可以看出，A+B →C（△H ＜0）是放热反应，A和B 的能量之和C，由①A+B→X （△H ＞0）可知这步反应是吸热反应，X→C（△H ＜0）是放热反应，故X的能量大于A+B;A+B的能量大于C,X 的能量大于C，答案：D。
2012年6月大学英语四级考试真题试题及答案解析(完整版) Part ⅠWriting (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. Y ou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象 2.出现这一现象的原因 3.我对这一现象的看法和建议 On Excessive Packaging Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Small Schools Rising This year?s list of the top 100 high school s shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing. Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SA T scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress. Size isn?t everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New Y ork, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签)，such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, V a. And
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷） 英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2、本卷共55小题，共95分 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 01.---Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson? ---__________. I can manage without you. A.F orget it B. I’m afraid not C. It depends D. Of course 02.The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three later. A.w ere put B. was put C. put D. has put 03.You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation. A.p romise B. lead C. balance D. diary 04.The dog may be a good panion for the old. _______, the need to take it for walk s may be a disadvantage.
2012年全国中级导游考试《汉语言文学知识》试题 一、单项选择题（下列各题只有一个正确答案。请将正确答案前的英文字母填入答卷中相应题号的空格内。每小题1分，共44分。） 1．我们目前见到的最古老的汉字甲骨文已有（）多年历史。 A 3000 B 4000 C 5000 D 6000 2．在汉字的造字方法中，用象征性符号表示意义的叫（）。 A 象形 B 指事 C 形声 D 会意 3．秦始皇统一中国后强令使用的文字是（），这是我国文字史上首次出现的规范性字体。 A 石鼓文 B 金文 C 隶书 D 小篆 4．山东曲阜碑林以收藏（）碑刻闻名。 A 秦朝 B 汉朝 C 唐朝 D 元朝 5．被誉为“古今第一长联”的云南昆明大观楼对联，上联表达的内容是（）。 A 描绘昆明景观 B 描绘滇池历史 C 描绘滇池风光 D 描绘昆明历史 6狭义大篆的代表字体有籀文和（）。 A 甲骨文 B 金文 C 石鼓文 D 小篆 7．中级导游员要进一步提高（）的语言艺术水平。 A 导游讲解 B 导游说明 C 导游用语 D 导游介绍 8．描绘我国著名的“五岳”形态时，要抓住个性化特点，运用不同的词语表现其风格，如华山如立、衡山如（）。 A 行 B 飞 C 卧 D 坐 9．对人文景观的讲解说明要注意描绘性形容词和说明性（）的结合。 A 演讲词语 B比喻词语 C 专业词语 D 介绍词语 10．生活是文学的源泉，旅游文学产生的基础是（）。 A 旅游日记 B 旅游景观 C 旅游活动 D 旅游传说 11．诗句“堆秀山前景物芳，更逢晴日霭烟光”出自爱新觉罗·弘历的（）。 A 御花园花朝 B 琼岛春阴 C颐和园仁寿殿联 D 避暑山庄后序
2012年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the cour t’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_.
1、关于证人证言与鉴定意见，下列哪一选项是正确的? A.证人证言只能由自然人提供，鉴定意见可由单位出具 B.生理上、精神上有缺陷的人有时可以提供证人证言，但不能出具鉴定意见 C.如控辩双方对证人证言和鉴定意见有异议的，相应证人和鉴定人均应出庭 D.证人应出庭而不出庭的，其庭前证言仍可能作为证据;鉴定人应出庭而不出庭的，鉴定意见不得作为定案根据 2、关于缓刑的适用，下列哪些选项是正确的? A.甲犯重婚罪和虐待罪，数罪并罚后也可能适用缓刑 B.乙犯遗弃罪被判处管制1年，即使犯罪情节轻微，也不能宣告缓刑 C.丙犯绑架罪但有立功情节，即使该罪的法定最低刑为5年有期徒刑，也可能适用缓刑 D.丁17岁时因犯放火罪被判处有期徒刑5年，23岁时又犯伪证罪，仍有可能适用缓刑 3、关于缓刑的适用，下列哪些选项是正确的? A.甲犯重婚罪和虐待罪，数罪并罚后也可能适用缓刑 B.乙犯遗弃罪被判处管制1年，即使犯罪情节轻微，也不能宣告缓刑 C.丙犯绑架罪但有立功情节，即使该罪的法定最低刑为5年有期徒刑，也可能适用缓刑 D.丁17岁时因犯放火罪被判处有期徒刑5年，23岁时又犯伪证罪，仍有可能适用缓刑 4、根据《刑法》规定，国家工作人员利用本人职权或者(1)形成的便利条件，通过其他(2)职务上的行为，为请托人谋取(3)，索取请托人财物或者收受请托人财物的，以(4)论处。这在刑法理论上称为(5)。将下列哪一选项内容填充到以上相应位置是正确的? A.(1)地位(2)国家机关工作人员(3)利益(4)利用影响力受贿罪(5)间接受贿 B.(1)职务(2)国家工作人员(3)利益(4)受贿罪(5)斡旋受贿 C.(1)职务(2)国家机关工作人员(3)不正当利益(4)利用影响力受贿罪(5)间接受贿 D.(1)地位(2)国家工作人员(3)不正当利益(4)受贿罪(5)斡旋受贿 5、李某不服区公安分局对其作出的行政拘留5日的处罚，向市公安局申请行政复议，市公安局作出维持决定。李某不服，提起行政诉讼。下列哪些选项是正确的? A.李某可向区政府申请行政复议
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 法律硕士（非法学）专业学位联考专业基础课试题 一、单项选择题：1～40小题，每小题1分，共40分。下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。 4．下列犯罪属于纯正不作为犯的是( ) A重婚罪 B遗弃罪 C绑架罪 D掩饰隐瞒犯罪所得罪 【参考答案】B 5．甲（15周岁）盗窃他人钱包，被陈某发现，为栽赃物而当场使用暴力，失手将陈某打死，甲的行为构成（） A抢劫罪 B盗窃罪 C故意伤害罪 D过失致人死之罪 【参考答案】A 6．下列关于处理未成年人犯罪的表达，正确的是（） A对不满18周岁的犯罪人不得适用没收财产刑 B对犯罪的不满18周岁的犯罪人，应当减轻或免除处罚 C对罪行及其严重的未成年人犯罪，可以适用无期徒刑 D对未成年人因犯抢劫，绑架等暴力犯罪被罚处有期徒刑的均可假释 【参考答案】C 7．甲在乡村路上高速驾驶拖拉机，因视线不好将栓在路边的耕牛撞死，对甲的行为（） A不认定为犯罪 B以危险驾驶罪定罪处罚
C可以免予刑事处罚 D以交通肇事罪定罪处罚 【参考答案】A 8．某村委会主任甲利用服务便利，将国家下拨的扶贫款20万元用于炒股，后因亏损而无法归还，用的行为构成（） A贪污罪 B挪用公款罪 C挪用资金罪 D职务侵占罪 【参考答案】 9．警察甲因为公民吴某举报自己受贿而怀恨在心，遂用他人手机向某军官发了一条短信，捏造吴某与其妻同居的事实，该军官信任自己妻子未予理睬，甲的行为构成（） A诽谤罪 B诬告陷害罪 C报复陷害罪 D不构成犯罪 【参考答案】D 10．甲雇佣乙杀害胡某，并且带乙辨认了胡某，乙在某夜将王某误做胡某杀害（） A甲构成故意杀人罪 B甲构成故意杀人罪未遂 C乙构成故意杀人罪未遂 D 乙构成过失致人死亡罪 【参考答案】A 11．甲乙分别为国有公司总经理和副总经理二人挪用单位100万元公款给张三从事期货交易，收受并平分了张三15万元回扣，并揭发乙也收受了15万元回扣， 本案中，（） A甲在受贿罪上成立自首
2012年试题及答案
2012年《统计基础知识与统计实务》试题 一、单项选择题 (每题只有1个正确答案,将正确答案选项的代表字母填写在答题纸上;每题1分,30道题,共30分) 1.统计调查误差的两个主要控制途径,除控制代表性误差外,还需控制（）。 A.登记误差 B.计算误差 C.汇总误差 D.分析误差 2.在概率抽样调查中,为了控制代表性误差,应严格遵守( )。 A.总体原则 B.全面原则 C.随机原则 D.编码原则 3.统计台账一般分为进度台账和（）。 A.机构台账 B.个体台账 C.现况台账 D.历史台账 4.原始记录不仅是统计核算和会计核算的基础,而且也是( )。 A.业务核算的依据 B.效益核算的依据 C.成本核算的依据 D.利润核算的依据 5.为统一规范统计单位,国家统计局制定了《统计单位划分及具体处理办法》,要求对统计单位进
行统计需遵循( )。 A.在地原则 B.属地原则 C.隶属原则 D.管理原则 6.系统抽样也称为机械抽样或( )。 A.等向抽样 B.等距抽样 C.定期抽样 D.定点抽样 7.简单随机抽样要求总体中每个单位被抽中的( )。 A.概率相等 B.比率相等 C.频率相等 D.概率不相等 8.普查是专门组织的一种( )。 A.重点调查 B.典型调查 C.抽样调查 D.全面调查 9.居民的平均身高属于( )。 A.数量标志 B.数量指标 C.质量指标 D.品质标志 10.统计设计是统计工作的( )。 A.第一阶段 B.第二阶段 C.第三阶段 D.第四阶段 11.下列选项中, 属于流动负债的是( )。 A.存货 B.应收账款 C.应付账款 D.预付账款