模拟五
Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献。如今，中医和西医(western medicine)在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料，备受世界瞩目。中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局(State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology)负责。现在国家巳经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中医疗法、中草药(herbalogy)、针灸(acupuncture )、推拿(massage)和气功(Qigong)。
Part ⅣTranslation
参考答案
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. National strategies, laws and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry. TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and Qigong.
难点精析：
1.不可分割的一部分：可译为an integral part。
2.为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贲献：可译为has made great contributions to the prosperity of China，其中“华夏”：即“中国”或“中华”，可直接译为China; “振兴”此处翻译成了名词形式prosperity,还可译为revitalization;“做出了巨大的贡献”可译为has made great contributions。
3.并驾齐驱：此处指两者(中医和西医)都得以应用，可简单地翻译为both are being used。
4.独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料：三个并列的名词短语，可分别译为unique ：I diagnostic methods, systematic approach和abundant historical literature and materials; “典籍材料”可理解为历史文献资料，翻译为historical literature and materials。
5.引导并促进这一新兴产业的研究和开发：“引导”译为guide; “促进”可译为promote，还可译为facilitate或further; “新兴产业，，可译为promising industry,还可译为new industry或emerging industry。
6.中医疗法：译为Chinese medication。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section B (原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How Marketers Target Kids
[ A] Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents# buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.
[B ] Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids. Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids:
Pester(纠缠)Power
[C ] Today?s kids have more autonomy and decis ion-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. “Pester power” refers to children?s ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be.
[D] According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—“persistence” and “importance”. Persistence nagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated “importance nagging”. This latter method appeals to parents? desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids.
The Marriage of Psychology and Marketing
[E] To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children?s
developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children?s behaviour, fantasy lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people.
The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U.S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue.
Building Brand Name Loyalty
[G] Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of “brand” marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their
manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen.
[H] Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years,
adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act.
Buzz or Street Marketing
[I] The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter (杂乱)in young people?s lives. Many companies are using “buzz marketing” —a new twist on the
tried-and-true “word of mouth” method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, or “street marketing”, as it?s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive (难找的)teen market by using trendse tters to give them products “cool” status.
[J] Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young “Net promoters” use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users.
Commercialization in Education
[ K] School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls (亏空，差额)are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials.
[L] Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5) sponsoring school events.
The Internet
[M ] The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It?s part of youth culture.?
This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting
media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.
Marketing Adult Entertainment to Kids
[N] Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.
[O ] The FTC studied 44 films rated “Restricted”, and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on “Restricted” movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.
46. Guilt can affect parents" spending decisions because they don?t have enough time for their kids.
47. The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.
48. School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.
49. The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.
50. For this generation of young people, the Internet is a daily and routine part of their lives.
51. According to Kidfluence, “persistence nagging” is less effective than the more sophisticated “importance nagging”.
52. According to a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.
53. Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.
54. A group of U.S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids.
55. According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section B
46. [B]题干意为，内疚感会影响父母做出消费决定，因为他们没有足够的时间陪孩子。注意抓住题干中的关?
键词guilt和parents? spending decisions。文章段落中，论及内疚感和影响父母购买决定的内容在[B]段出现，该段第二句提到，内疚感能够影响父母做出的消费决定，忙碌的父母希望用购买的东西来弥补自己没有足
够的时间陪孩子。由此可知，题干对原文进行了同义改写，故答案为[B]。题干中的affect与原文中的play a role in对应。
47. [H]。题干意为，新美国梦中心指出，孩子早在两岁的时候就可以形成品牌忠诚度。注意抓住题干中的关键词the Center for a New American Dream, brand loyalties 和age two。文章段落中，提到新美国梦中心的内容在[H] 段出现，该段第三句提到，根据新美国梦中心所说，早在两岁的时候就可以建立品牌忠诚度，而等到开始上学的时候，大多数孩子都可以认识几百个品牌标识。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[H]。
48. [K]。题干意为，教育委员会允许企业接近学生是因为他们急需资金和教学材料。注意抓住题干中的关键词school boards。文章段落中，提到教育委员会的内容在[K]段出现，该段第二句中提到，预算亏空迫使教育委员会允许企业进入校园，以此换取学校急需的资金、计算机和教学材料。题干对原文内容做了概述，故答案为[K]。
49. [O]。题干意为，联邦贸易委员会的报告强调了一个事实，即以成人娱乐中各个角色为原型的玩具经常被推销给年幼的孩子。注意抓住题干中的关键词FTC report和highlighted the fact。文章段落中，提到联邦贸易委员会(FTC)有[N]和[0]两段，但结合题干中的highlighted the fact可知相关内容在[0]段，该段第三句提到，联邦贸易委员会的报告还强调了一个事实，即基于成人娱乐中角色的玩具经常被推销给年幼的孩子，题干与原文意思一致，故答案为[0]。
50. [M]。题干意为，对于这一代年轻人来说，互联网是他们日常生活的一部分。注意抓住题干中的关键词this generation of young people和Internet。文章段落中，提到这一代年轻人和互联网关系的内容在[M]段，该段第三句提到，互联网伴随着这一代年轻人长大，互联网是他们日常生活的一部分。由此可知，题干是对原文内容的同义转述，故答案为[M]。
51. [D]。题干意为，根据《儿童影响力》这本书所说，“坚持纠缠”不如更圆滑的“重要性纠缠”有效。注意抓住题干中的关键词!persistence nagging, effective和importance nagging。文章段落中，提到《儿童影响力》这本书是在[D]段，该段第二句提到，“坚持纠缠”就是一再地恳求)不如更圆滑的“重要性纠缠”有效。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[D]。题干中的less effective than与原文中的not as effective as对应。
52. [N]。题干意为，依据美国联邦贸易委员会的一份报告，电影、音乐和电子游戏业经常向年幼的儿童推销暴力娱乐。注意抓住题干中的关键词a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission和movie, music and video games industries。文章段落中，提到美国联邦贸易委员会的报告和电影等行业的内容在[N]段，该段第二句中提到，美国联邦贸易委员会2000年发表的一份报告中披露了电影、音乐和电子游戏业是如何习惯性地向年幼的儿童推销暴力娱乐的，由此可知，题干对原文内容进行了同义改写，故答案为[N]。
53. [J]。题干意为，口碑营销很适合互联网，因为其互动的环境可以让信息有效传播。注意抓住题干中的关键词buzz marketing和well-suited to the Internet。文章段落中，论及口碑营销和互联网关系的内容在[J ]段出现，该段提到，口碑营销很适合互联网，网上的年轻“网络推销员”利用聊天室和博客在毫无戒备心的用户中传播有关音乐、服饰和其他产品的信息。由此可知，题干对原文进行了同义转述，故答案为[J]。
54. [F]。题干意为，一个美国心理健康专家小组认为，利用儿童心理专家来帮助市场营销人员定位儿童需求是不道德的。注意抓住题干中的关键词U.S. mental health professionals，unethical和psychologists。文章段落中，提到美国心理健康专家小组的内容在[F]段出现，该段第一句提到，一个美国心理健康专家小组发表了一封给美国心理学会(APA)的公开信，要求他们宣布那种让儿童心理学家帮助市场营销人员定位儿童需求的做法是不道德的。题干与原文相符，故答案为[F]。
55. [L]。题干意为，根据必胜客的读书奖励计划，完成每月阅读目标的孩子可以获得免费比萨券。注意抓住题干中的关键词Pizza Hut和monthly reading goal。文章段落中，提到必胜客及免费比萨的内容出现在[L]段，该段列举的第四点内容中提到，必胜客的读书奖励计划即完成每月阅读目标的儿童可以获得免费比萨券。由此
可知，题干是对原文内容的同义转述，故答案为[L]。
模拟(四)
PartⅣTranslation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字;六级长度为180-200个汉字。)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中欧经济贸易合作取得了可喜的成果。欧盟巳经成为中国的重要经贸伙伴，是中国最大的技术供应方、第三大贸易伙伴和第五大实际投资方。2001年，中欧贸易达到766亿美元，比上一年增长11%，尤其是中国从欧盟的进口增长了15.8%。我非常赞赏欧中贸协(Europe-China Business Association)与比中经贸理事会(Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council)为发展中欧关系所做出的努力。中欧经济贸易合作具有广阔的前景。中欧经济具有很强的互补性，在贸易、投资、科技等领域具有很大的合作潜力。
Part ⅣTranslation
参考答案
China-EU economic and trade cooperation has yielded heartening fruits. The EU has now become an important economic and trade partner of China, working as the largest technology supplier, the third largest trading partner and the fifth largest actual investor in China. Bilateral trade reached 76.6 billion dollars in 2001, achieving an 11% increase compared to the previous year. In particular, China?s imports from the EU grew by 15.8%. I highly appreciate the efforts by the Europe-China Business Association and the Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council for developing China-EU ties. China-EU trade and economic cooperation is endowed with a promising future. The two economies are strongly complimentary to each other and hence enjoy huge potential for cooperation in trade, investment, science and technology areas.
难点精析
1.中欧经济贸易合作取得了可喜的成果：EU=European Union，表示欧盟;“取得了”可译为has got，但稍显生硬，yield fruit意为“结果，取得成果”，用在此处更为恰当;“可喜的”可译为heartening，还可译为^ promising。
2.第三大贸易伙伴和第五大实际投资方：“最大”用thelargest来表示，“第几大”则可译为the+序数词+largest，因此此处“第三大”译为thethirdlargest; “第五大”译为the fi他largest。“贸易伙伴”译为tradingpartner; “实际投资方”译为actual investor。
3. 766亿美元：应译为76.6 billion dollars。billion意为“10亿”，而不是“1 亿”。
4.增长了1
5.8%:可译为grew by 15.8%,还可译为increased by 15.8%。increase的反义词为decrease，二者用法相同，后接具体的百分比时，要与介词by连用。
5.发展中欧关系：“关系”还可译为relationship，但tie表示的“关系”比relationship的情感色彩更强烈一些，; 意为“紧密关系”，此处原文中虽没有提及“紧密”，但很显然是要发展中欧的紧密关系，故译成tie更贴合文意。
6.具有很强的互补性：可译为are strongly complimentary to each other, complimentary意为“互补的”。
7.具有很大的合作潜力：“具有”此处译为enjoy显得生动，带有较强的感情色彩。potential后应与介词for 搭配。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section B (原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more marking the corresponding letter on than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by Answer Sheet 2.
Why Are Airlines Withholding Seats?
Behind the screen indeed
[D] An awful plot goes on behind airline and travel booking screens, and much of it is strictly off-limits to consumers. What we do know is that for decades now airlines have become masters of what the industry calls yield management, offering millions of combinations of fares based on advance purchase patterns and other booking trends, so nearly everyone pays a different price based on when they buy. But now that paying extra for your seat selection has become common practice, securing your reservation is just half the battle.
[E] Some industry experts have connected the dots. “They?re trying to get people to buy premium seats,” says George Hobica, https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d4281578.html,?s Fly Guy columnist and the founder of https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d4281578.html,. “They want to increase revenue. And we?re getting more co mplaints about it. ” He notes that it “really annoys” passengers who want to sit together, particularly when traveling with small children.
[F] He?s echoed by Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition(联盟):“With yield management, consumers are aware and they know that airlines are constantly changing prices on seats. But if this is true, it is unethical—they?re grossly misleading us. The thing that I find so offensive is conveying to me that I have no options, but if I wait a week or two then I do have options. ”
[G ] According to the airlines, the reason for ancillary (附力口的)revenue is unbundling (分类计价)ticket prices, so passengers who desire a given service—say checking a bag or ordering a soft drink—pay for it, while those who don?t are spared the cost. But as Mitchell notes, “There?s another twist to this. The airlines are saying fees are for …optional services.? Well, seats aren?t optional!”
[H ] Of course, securing a good seat isn?t an issue if you?re in first class or you?re an elite member of a frequent f lyer program. But what about the rest of us? As I?ve pointed out repeatedly in recent columns, we?re faced with record-high load factors, the highest for the U.S. airline industry since World War II. But even with the average percentage of occupied seats for domestic flights at 82.7%, it?s still an average—some flights will be fuller but others will not, particularly weeks in advance. Yet searching for seats keeps getting harder and harder.
Seats for sale
[I ] Hobica cites the major airlines as the prime culprits (起因)，but he also notes even low-cost carriers can make securing seats difficult. On the flip side, he credits JetBlue and Virgin America for providing customers with clear policies. And then there is British Airways, which allows passengers in economy and business classes to
select seats only 24 hours in advance. I asked an airline representative if seeing fewer free seats is a trend, and the response was: “That?s going to vary because there are so many variables. ”
[J] I decided to check on seat availability at https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d4281578.html,. I inquired about economy-class availability for two seats on a busy route—Atlanta to Chicago—and conducted an
apples-to-apples search for the same morning departure seven days in advance, and again 14 days in advance. For the flight one week out, a total of only eight seats were available, one preferred and seven standard, but only one set of two seats together. For the flight two weeks out, a total of 29 seats were available, consisting of 20 preferred and only nine standard, and still with only one set together. Remarkable how even twice the booking time still produced so
few “free” seats, separately or together, yet there were plenty of seats that could be b ought for the right price.
[K] I contacted Delta and a spokesman said the price for preferred economy varies “depending on a number of different factors,” so customers need to compare the costs on a flight-by-flight basis. The preferred seats are reserved primarily for Medallion (大勋
章)members, and become available without additional charge 24 hours prior to departure. When asked if Delta has received complaints about a dearth of free seats, he stated, “Overall, our seat program has been received very well. ”
[L] But my findings dovetailed (吻合)with recent complaints filed with Airfarewatchdog: (1) When (my husband) tried to get a seat assignment on the first flight there was just one “complimentary (免费的)seat” (near the back in the middle) available... the other available seats had to be purchased for $69. On the connecting flight there were no “complimentary seats” at all! Is this legal? He bought and paid for a ticket on these flights and now he is supposed to “buy” a seat! (2) (After) paying for the fligh t, a message popped up and said that I could only get a seat assignment when I checked in. In order to get a confirmed seat, I had to pay $129 extra! Unless I pay, without a confirmed seat, I am the first one to be bumped from the flight if they are overbooked. How do they get away with this? (3) Does checking in online at the 24-hour mark before the flight give me a number in line or let me select seats then? Or do we all rush the gate with our boarding passes (and no seat assignment) in order to get the seat assignment?
How to respond?
[M] So what can you do? It?s a tough proposition. Usually I would offer strategies for countering such airline initiatives, but in this case the options are limited. That?s why some believe the U.S. Department of Transportation should investigate these practices. As Mitchell says, “The airlines are holding all the cards with this one. There is a sore need for transparency on this. When people are confused, they make bad decisions. ”
[N] That said, consider the following: (1) When budgeting your airfares, make sure you consider not just baggage fees but the added cost of seat selection—for all travelers and in both directions. (2) If possible, book early, when there should be more seats available, and check in early too. Why the qualifie r “should”? Because if availability is artificially manipulated, it?s hard to be certain. (3) Book airlines that offer more transparent seat- selection policies. Of course, this is not an issue with Southwest and other carriers that offer “open seating” po licies.
(4) Finally, the last resort is what Hobica calls “horse trading”: negotiating seat swaps with other passengers. But this has become a risky and undesirable option with flights so full, overhead bins (行李仓)so crammed and fellow passengers who may have paid for premium seats in advance.
46. Behind the airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot is being carried out, much of which is rigorously kept confidential from passengers.
47. The airlines? excuse for additional fees is unbundling tic ket prices, so those who want the given service like baggage check and soft drink ordering will have to pay.
48. Whether some carriers withhold seats on purpose for earning consumers，premium is
a question deserving to be cleared up.
49. Mitchell holds that there is an urgent need for transparency on carriers# seat assignments.
50. While Hobica ascribes the main responsibilities to the major airlines, he also mentions that the low-cost carriers are making securing seats difficult.
51. Some believe that, in order to solve the problem of airlines，withholding seats, some actions should be taken by the U.S. Department of Transportation.
52. When people budget their airfares, they should consider both the baggage fees and the added cost of seat selection.
53. Kevin Mitchell considers the so-called yield management of the industry unethical and misleading.
54. What the spokesman of Delta says suggests that the preferred economy-class tickets are available 24 hours in advance of the plane?s departure.
55. The last strategy to counter the airline?s initiatives is to exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section B
46. [D]。题干意为，在航空公司和旅行社的订票系统中，一项可怕的阴谋正在实施，而其中的隐情则严格对乘客保密。注意抓住题干中的关键词airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot, rigorously和confidential。文章段落中，论及航空公司和旅行社订票阴谋的内容在[D]段出现，该段第一句就提到订票系统幕后的情况很可怕，消费者大多毫不知情。由此可见，题干对原文做了同义改写，故答案为[D]。题干中的aterribleplot和is rigorously kept confidential for分别与原文中的an awful plot和is strictly off-limits to相对应。?
47. [G]。题干意为，航空公司把实行机票分类计价作为额外收费的借口，所以那些想要诸如检查行李或点软饮料等特定服务的乘客就必须承担相应费用。注意抓住题干中的关键词unbundling ticket prices和the given service。原文段落中，论及机票分类计价和要求特定服务的内容在[G]段出现，该段第一句就提到航空公司称，之所以收取附加费是实行机票分类计价的缘故，这样一来，如果乘客想要某种特定的服务——比如，托运包裹或者点一杯软饮料——就要为此付费，而那些不需要此类服务的乘客则无需付费。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义改写，故答案为[G]。
48. [C]。题干意为，部分运营商是否故意保留座位以赚取消费者附加费这个问题值得弄清楚。注意抓住题干中的关键词carriers, premium和question。原文段落中，论及运营商们是否故意收取附加费的问题在[C]段出现，该段中作者提到，这是一个值得研究的问题，而且其情况到底如何也很引人关注，实际上就是在说这个问题值得弄清楚。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义改写，故答案为[C]。题干中的withhold和on purpose分别对应原文中的holding back和intentionally。
49. [M]。题干意为，米切尔认为运营商们在分配座位这一问题上亟须公开、透明。注意抓住题干中的关键词Mitchell, need和transparency。原文段落中，提到Mitchell且论及分配座位透明度的内容在[M]段出现，该段第五句引用Mitchell的原话，指出这一问题亟待公开、透明。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义改写，故答案为[M]。题干中的urgent need对应原文中的sore need，carriers! seat assignment代指原文中的this。
50. [I]。题干意为，尽管霍比卡把主要责任归咎于各大航空公司，他也提到，低成本的运营商们同样使得座位的获得变得困难。注意抓住题干中的关键词Hobica, the main responsibilities，the major airlines和the
low-cost carriers。原文段落中，提及Hobica和低成本的运营商使获得座位变得困难的内容在[I]段出现，该段第一句话提到，霍比卡认为各大航空公司是造成这种状况的罪魁祸首，低成本的运营商也起到了推波助澜的作用。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义改写，故答案为[I]。题干中的ascribes...to...和main responsibilities分别对应原文中的cites…as…和prime culprits。
51. [M]题干意为，一些人认为，为了解决航空公司保留座位的问题，美国交通运输部应该采取一些措施。注意抓住题干中的关键词the U.S. Department of Transportation。文章段落中，论及美国交通运输部的内容在[M]段出现，该段第三、四句话提到，通常作者会就如何应对航空公司的这类政策给出一些策略，但是在这种情况下，可选择的策略非常有限。这就是为什么一些人认为美国交通运输部应该对此类做法进行调查的原因。由此可见，人们认为交通运输部应该有所行动，故答案为[M]。
52. [N]。题干意为，人们在为买机票制定预算的时候，应该把行李的费用和附加的选择座位的费用都考虑在内。注意抓住题干中的关键词budget, airfares, baggage fees和the added cost of seat selection。文章段落中，论及制定机票预算的内容在[N]段出现，该段第(1)点提到，预算票价的时候，确保自己不仅将行李费用考虑在内，还要考虑为选择座位而支付的额外费用。由此可见，题干对原文进行了同义改写，故答案为[N]。
53. [F]。题干意为，凯文?米切尔认为所谓的收益管理是不道德且具有误导性的。注意抓住题干中的关键词Kevin Mitchell, yield management, unethical和misleading。文章段落中，提到Kevin Mitchell和航空业收益管理的内容在[F]段出现，该段引用米切尔的原话中提到，对于收益管理，消费者心里有数，他们知道航空公司经常改变座位的价格。但是如果情况果真如此的话，航空公司的做法确实是不道德的他们在严重地误导人们。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[F]。
54. [K]。题干意为，达美航空公司发言人的话表明，经济舱优等座在飞机起飞前24小时内可获得。注意题干中的关键词the spokesman of Delta, the preferred economy-class tickets, available和the plane?s departure。文章段落中，论及达美航空公司发言人的内容在[K]段出现，该段第二句提到，优等座主要是为奖章成员预留的，在飞机起飞前24小时内无需支付额外费用就可获得。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[K]。
55. [N]题干意为，应对航空公司这类行为的最后策略是和其他乘客商量调换座位。注意题干中的关键词the last strategy, exchange seats和negotiating。文章段落中，论及与其他乘客商量调换座位的内容在[N]段出现，该段第(4)点提到，最后一个应对策略，即霍比卡所说的“讨价还价”，是和其他乘客商量一下调换座位。由此可见，题干是对原文的同义改写，故答案为[N]。题干中的the last strategy和exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them 分另']对应原文中的the last resort 和negotiating seat swaps with other passengers。
模拟三
Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字;六级长度为180-200个汉字。)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。作为一个独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至I860年。京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的。京剧有明确的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴奏乐器。由于京剧是在融合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，所以它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱。
Part ⅣTranslation
参考答案
To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and I860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.
难点精析
1.要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解：该句没有给出明确的主语，因而在翻译时要注意：增译主语you。“中国的戏曲文化”可译为the Chinese opera culture。
2.中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种：该句在翻译时可以采用非限定性定语从句结构。该句可译为：In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one.注意此处为了避免在前后分句中重复使用名词opera而在后半句中使用了名词性替代词one。
3.京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的：“在……的基础上形成”如果直接译为be formed on the I basis of...会稍显生硬，因而可以灵活译为originate from...。“地方戏”可以直译为local opera。
4.念白：“念白”指的是中国戏曲中人物的独白或者两者的对话，因而此处在翻译时可将其灵活译为the I spoken parts。
5.胡琴：这一特有名词在英文中并没有直接对应的词汇或表达，因而可以采用汉语拼音表示。
6.它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱：“不仅也”常用not only…but also…来表达。此处句中的“钟爱”和“喜爱”同义，在翻译后半部分内容时可以将与前半部分重复的内容省略，故该部分内容可译为：it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Five Problems Financial Reform Doesn?t Fix
[A] The legislation concerning financial reform focuses on helping regulators detect and defuse (减少的危险性)the next crisis. But it doesn?t addres s many of the underlying conditions that can cause problems.
[B ] The legislation gives regulators the power to oversee shadow banks and take failing firms apart? convenes a council of superregulators to watch the megafirms that pose a risk to the full financial system, and much else.
[C] But the bill does more to help regulators detect the next financial crisis than to actually stop it from happening. In that way, it?s like the difference between improving public health and improving medicine: The bill focuses on helping the doctors who figure out when you?re sick and how to get you better rather than on the conditions (sewer systems and air quality and hygiene standards and so on) that contribute to whether you get sick in the first place.
[D] That is to say, many of the weaknesses and imbalances that led to the financial crisis will survive our regulatory response, and it?s important to keep that in mind. So here are five we still have to watch out for:
1. The Global Glut (供过于求)of Savings
[E] “On e of the leading indicators of a financial crisis is when you have a sustained surge in money flowing into the country which makes borrowing cheaper and easier,” says Harvard economist Kenneth Rogoff. Our crisis was no different: Between 1987 and 1999, our current account deficit—the measure of how much money is coming in versus going out—fluctuated between 1 and 2 percent of gross domestic product. By 2006, it had hit 6 percent.
[F] The sharp rise was driven by emerging economies with lots of growth and few investment opportunities—think China—funneling their money to developed economies with
less growth and lots of investment opportunities. But we?ve gotten out of the crisis without fixing it. China is still growing fast, exporting faster, and sending the money over to US.
2. Household Debt—and Why We Need It
[G] The fact that money is available to borrow doesn?t explain why Americans borrowed so much of it. Household debt as a percentage of GDP went from a bit less than 60 percent at the beginning of the 1990s to a bit less than 100 percent in 2006. “This is where I come to income inequality,” says Raghuram Rajan, an economist at the University of Chicago. “A large part of the population saw relatively stagnant incomes over the 1980s and 1990s. Credit was so welcome because it kept people who were falling behind reasonably happy. You were keeping up, even if your income wasn?t.”
[H] Incomes, of course, are even more stagnant now that unemployment is at 9 percent. And that pain isn，t being shared equally: inequality has actually risen since before the recession, as joblessness is proving sticky among the poor, but recovery has been swift for the rich. Household borrowing is still more than 90 percent of GDP, and the conditions that drove it up there are, if anything, worse.
3. The “Shadow Banking” Market
[I] The financial crisis started out similarly severe, but it wasn?t, at first, a crisis of consumers. It was a crisis of banks. It never became a crisis of consumers because consumer deposits are insured. But large investors— pension funds, banks, corporations, and others—aren?t insured. But when they hear that their collateral (F付属担保品)is dropping in value, they demand their money back. And when everyone does that at once, it?s like an
old-fashioned bank run: The banks can，t pay everyone off at once, so they unload all their assets to get capital, the assets become worthless because everyone is trying to unload them, and the banks collapse.
[J] “This is an inherent problem of privately created money,” says Gary Gorton, an economist at Princeton University, “It is vulnerable to these kinds of runs.” This year, we?re bringing this shadow banking system under the control of regulators and giving them all sorts of information on it and power over it, b ut we?re not doing anything like deposit insurance, where we simply make the deposits safe so runs become an anachronism.
4. Rich Banks
[K] In the 1980s, the financial sector?s share of total corporate profits ranged from about 10 to 20 percent. By 2004, it was about 35 percent. Simon Johnson, an economist at MIT, recalls a conversation he had with a fund manager. “The guy said to me, … Simon, it?s so little money! You can sway senators for $10 million!? ? ” Johnson laughs ruefully (后,悔地).“These guys [b ig investors ] don%t even think in millions. They think in billions.”
[L ] What you get for that money is favors. The last financial crisis fades from memory and the public begins to focus on other things. Then the finance guys begin nudging (游说).They ho ld some fundraisers for politicians, make some friends, explain how the regulations they?re under are onerous and unfair. And slowly, surely, those regulations come undone. This financial crisis will stick in our minds for a while, but not forever. And after briefly dropping to less than 15 percent of corporate profits, the financial sector has rebounded to more than 30 percent. They?ll have plenty of money with which to help their friends forget this whole nasty affair.
5. Lax (不严格的)Regulators
[M] The most troubling prospect is the chance that this bill, if we?d passed it in 2000, wouldn?t even have prevented this financial crisis. That?s not to undersell it: It would?ve given regulators more information with which to predict the crisis. But they had enough information, and they ignored it. They get caught up in boom times just like everyone else. A bubble, almost by definition, affects the regulators with the power to pop it.
[N] In 2005, with housing prices running far, far ahead of the historical trend, Bernanke said a housing bubble was “ a pretty unlikely possibility ”. In 2007, he said Fed officials “ do not expect significant spillovers from the subprime market to the rest of the economy.” Alan Greenspan, looking back at the financial crisis, adm itted in April that regulators “have had a woeful record of chronic failure. History tells us they cannot identify the timing of a crisis, or anticipate exactly where it will be located or how large the losses and spillovers will be.”
46. In the 1980s and 1990s people experienced no substantial increase in terms of income, which brought about the popularity of credit.
47. Financial crisis is a crisis of banks in that shadow banking may cause banks to fail.
48. The finance guys make friends with politicians in the hope of making some burdensome and unfair regulations cancelled.
49. The legislation concerning financial reform offers regulators the power of supervising shadow banks and disintegrating companies on the verge of bankruptcy.
50. In terms of the effect of unemployment, it is more deeply felt by the poor than by the rich.
51. Even if there was enough information to predict there would be financial crisis, the regulators still chose to ignore it.
52. Emerging economies with insufficient investment opportunities have invested much money in developed countries.
53. Regulators with power tended to fail again and again concerning forecasting a financial crisis.
54. A fund manager or large investor is considered absurdly rich by an economist from MIT.
55. Large investors, deposits can be made safer if shadow banking system is under the control of regulators.
PartⅢReading Comprehension
Section B
46. [G]。题干意为，20世纪80年代和90年代的人没有经历过收入的实质性增长，这使信贷受到欢迎。注意抓住题干中的关键时间词1980s and 1990s, income和credit。这些关键词在[G]段出现，该段第四句提到，20世纪80年代和90年代的大部分人收入相对滞后。原文中的stagnant与题干中的no substantial increase为同义转述;接着第五句提到，信贷非常受欢迎，因为它使那些落在后面的人感受到了一定的快乐，原文中的was so welcome和题干中的popularity为同义转述。
47. [I]。题干意为，金融危机是银行的危机，因为影子银行有可能导致银行倒闭。注意抓住题干中的关键词
a crisis of banks和fail。文章段落中，提到影子银行的内容在[I]和[J]段出现，其中[I]段第二句即提到金融危机是银行的危机，与题干前半部分对应;接着后文讲述了金融危机会导致银行倒闭，以此来解释第二句。本段最后一个单词collapse与题干中的fail对应。
48. [L]。题干意为，金融家与政客结交朋友的目的是希望一些繁重不公的规则能够被取消。注意抓住题干中的关键词make friends with politicians和burdensome and unfair regulations。文章段落中，谈及与政客交朋友的内容在[L]段出现，本段第四句提到，金融家为政客们组织资金筹措者，和政客们结交朋友，抱怨他们所要遵守的规则是多么的繁重和不公。接着后面一句说，慢慢地，这些规则一定会被取消。由此可知，金融家与政客
结交朋友的目的是希望获得政客的支持，来取消一些繁重不公的规则。题干中的burdensome对应原文中的onerous。
49. [B]。题干意为，有关金融改革的立法赋予监管机构监管影子银行和解体濒临破产的公司的权力。注意抓住题干中的关键词the legislation concerning financial reform, shadow banks和companies on the verge of bankruptcy。文章段落中，谈及有关金融改革的立法对影子银行和濒临破产的公司的影响的内容在[B]段出现，本段指出，该法案赋予监管机构监管影子银行和解体濒临破产公司的权力。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[B]。
50. [H]。题干意为，关于失业的影响，穷人比富人感触更深。注意抓住题干中的关键词unemployment, the poor 和the rich。文章段落中，谈及失业以及失业对人们的影响的内容在[H]段出现，本段指出，失业的痛苦对人们的影响并不均等：事实上，在经济衰退以前，这种不平等就已经加剧，这是因为失业者中穷人居多，而经济复苏对富人来说所需时间很短。由此可知，穷人对失业的感触比富人深，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为
[H]。
51. [M]。题干意为，尽管监管者掌握了足够的信息来预测这场金融危机，但是他们仍然选择忽视这些信息。注意抓住题干中的关键词enough information, financial crisis和ignore。文章段落中，提到监管机构忽视预测金融危机的信息的内容在[M]段出现，本段第三句提到，监管者已经有了足够的信息，却忽视了这些信息。题干中的enough information和ignore都是原文原词的复现。
52. [F]。题干意为，没有足够投资机会的新兴经济体已经在发达国家投资了很多钱。注意抓住题干中的关键词emerging economies和developed countries。文章段落中，提到新兴经济体的内容在[F]段出现，本段第一句提到，增长迅猛且投资机会少的新兴经济体促使这一数字急剧上升，比如中国，它们将大量的资金投资于增长速度慢但投资机会多的发达国家。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述。故答案为[F]。
53. [N]。题干意为，监管机构在预测金融危机时往往接连失败。注意抓住题干中的关键词fail和forecasting。文章段落中，提及监管机构能否很好地预测金融危机的内容在[N]段出现，本段倒数第二句引用艾伦?格林斯潘的话，指出监管机构“长期以来表现得很糟糕”，接着最后一句作了具体阐释：它们无法确定危机发生的时间，也不能准确预测危机发生的地点以及损失和后果的严重性。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述。原文倒数第二句中的chronic failure对应题干中的fail again and again;最后一句中的anticipate对应题干中的forecasting。
54. [K]。题干意为，一位来自麻省理工学院的经济学家认为基金管理人或大投资者富有得离谱。注意抓住题干中的关键词fund manager和economist from MIT。文章段落中，提及麻省理工学院的经济学家西蒙?约翰逊的段落为[K]段，在本段中西蒙?约翰逊回忆起他与一位基金管理人的谈话，并笑称：“这些家伙(大投资者们)想事情的时候可不是以百万为单位的，而是以十亿为单位。”可见，他认为基金管理人是非常有钱的，题干与原文意思一致，故答案为[K]。
55. [J]。题干意为，如果能将影子银行系统置于监管机构的控制之下，则可以提升大投资者的存款的安全性。注意抓住题干中的关键词deposits和safer。文章段落中，提及使存款更加安全的内容在[J]段出现，本段最后一句指出，我们将影子银行系统置于监管机构的控制之下……仅仅是在保证存款安全。这里所说的存款安全即指大投资者的存款安全。题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[J]。
模拟题二
Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。
Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)
参考答案
In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.
难点精析
1.带来了无穷的魅力：翻译为bring endless charm to。
2.汉语习惯于用并列的散句或短语来表达一个语境，而英文习惯上用整句表述，句内不太重要的信息会用介词短语或从句来补充说明，如本段中“胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住”是：两个并列关系的汉语短句，翻译成英文时可将第二句用with介词结构表达出来，起补充说明的作用。
3.充满友善和人情味：翻译为full of friendliness and genuine humanity。
4.随着社会和经济的飞速发展：翻译为with rapid social and economic development，也是with介词短语的应用，在句中作伴随状语。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Beauty and Body Image in the Media
[A] Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts—sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women?s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they?ll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career.
[B] Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult to achieve and maintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits. And it?s no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not all women need to lose weight, for sure they?re all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women?s Health in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with.
[C] The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year selling temporary weight loss (90% to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight). On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls.
[D ] The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control—including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative (泻药)abuse, and
self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women?s Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar. Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark i n 2006 titled “Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,” indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, “Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight.”
[ E] Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea (慢性腹泻)and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel (which manufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek a similarly underweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder.
[F ] Researchers report that women?s magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articles promoting weight loss than men?s magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of women?s magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman?s bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery. Television and movies reinforce the importance of a thi n body as a measure of a woman?s worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receiv e negative comments from male characters about their bodies (“How about wearing a sack?，，)，and 80 percent of these negative comments are followed by canned audience laughter.
[G] There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck (才氐制，反抗)the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Chatelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the world?s bigg est fashion capitals,
ultra-thin models were banned from the runway in 2006. Furthermore Spain has recently undergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using a unique process in which a laser beam is used to measure real life wom en?s bodies in order to find the most true to life measurement.
[ H] Another issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women in the media. A 2008 study conducted by Juanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled “A Changing View: Representation and Effec ts of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Mainstream Women?s Magazines” found that although there was an increase in the representation of women of colour, overall white women were overrepresented in mainstream women?s magazines from 1999 to 2004.
[I] The barrage of messages about thinness, dieting and beauty tells “ordinary” women that they are always in need of adjustment—and that the female body is an object to be perfected. Jean Kilbourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real women?s bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize these
stereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industry?s standards. Women learn to compare themselves to
other women, and to compete with them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability “effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate.”
46. A report in Teen magazine showed that 50% to 70% girls with normal weight think that they need to lose weight.
47. On the whole, for 6 years white women had been occupying much more space in mainstream women?s magazines since 1999.
48. Some negative effects such as depression and unhealthy eating habits in females are related to their being exposed to images of thin and young female bodies.
49. The mass media has helped boost the cosmetic and the diet industries.
50. It is reported that there is at least one message about the methods for women to change their bodily appearance on more than three-quarters of the covers of women?s magazines.
51. Some film and television actresses even faint on the scene due to eating too little.
52. Too much concern with appearance makes it impossible to change such abnormal trend.
53. Researchers found that a real woman with Barbie-doll proportions would eventually die from malnutrition.
54. The Quebec magazine Coup (e Pouce resists the trend by consistently including
full-sized women in their fashion pages for several years.
5 5. According to some analysts, the fundamental reason of imposing standards of beauty on women is economic profits.
PartⅢReading Comprehension
Section B
46. [D]题干意为，《青少年》杂志上的一项报道称，有50%到70%体重正常的女孩认为自己需要减肥。注意抓住题干中的关键词magazine、50% to 70%和normal weight。文章段落中，《青少年》杂志以及百分比50%到70%的内容在[D]段出现，该段倒数第二句提到，《青少年》杂志报道称，在6~12岁的女孩当中，有35%的人至少进行过一次减肥，有50%~70%体重正常的女孩认为自己超重。由此可知，题干是对该句部分内容的同义转述，故答案为[D]。题干中的need to lose weight与原文中的is overweight对应。
47. [H]。题干意为，总体而言，1999年以来白人女性连续六年占据了主流女性杂志的多数篇幅。注意抓住题干中的关键词for 6 years、white women和occupying much more space。文章段落中，提及白人女性在主
流女性杂志所占比例的内容在[H]段出现，该段最后一句提到，该研究发现，虽然1999~2004年间杂志中出现的有色人种的女性形象在数量上有所增加，但是从整体来看，白人女性还是占据了主流女性杂志的多数篇幅。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[H]。题干中的occupying much more space对应原文中的overrepresented。
48. [C]。题干意为，女性身上存在的一些诸如抑郁和不健康的饮食习惯的负面影响与接触年轻苗条的女性形象有关。注意抓住题干中的关键词depression and unhealthy eating habits、being exposed to和thin and young bodies。文章段落中，[C]段提到了抑郁、不健康的饮食习惯以及接触年轻苗条的女性形象的内容，该段最后一句提到，另一方面，研究表明，接触这种年轻苗条、妆容美丽的女性形象与女性的抑郁、缺乏自信和不健康的饮食习惯有关。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[C]。题干中的are related to对应原文中的is linked to，being exposed to对应原文中的exposure to。
49. [B]。题干意为，大众媒体帮助促进了化妆品和减肥产品行业的发展。注意抓住题干中的关键词boosted 和the cosmetic and the diet industries。文章段落中，只有[B]段提到了化妆品和减肥产品行业的发展，该段最后一句提到，通过呈现一个难以达到和保持的理想身材，化妆品和减肥产品行业必然能够得到发展并获得利润，而其呈现方式就是通过大众媒体。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[B]。
50. [F]。题干意为，报道称超过四分之三的女性杂志封面至少包含了一条关于如何改变女性身材的方法。注意抓住题干中的关键词at least one message和more than three-quarters。文章段落中，提到女性杂志封面提供如何改变女性身材的的内容在[F]段出现，该段首句提到，研究人员公布说，女性杂志上宣传减肥的广告和文章所占的比重比男性杂志高10.5倍，超过四分之三的女性杂志封面至少包含了一条关于如何改变女性身材的信息——诸如节食、运动或是整容手术。由此可知，题干对该句后半句内容做了概括，故答案为[F ]。题干中的methods for women to change their bodily appearance 是对原文中how to change a woman?s bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery洽勺相无才括。
51. [A]。题干意为，甚至有些影视女演员因为吃得太少而在拍摄现场昏倒。注意抓住题干中的关键词film and television actresses和faint。文章段落中，[A]段提到了女演员以及晕倒的内容，该段第三句提到，有些女演员甚至因为吃得太少而在拍摄现场昏倒。由此可见，题干对原文做了同义改写，故答案为[A]。题干中的due to eating too little和原文中的from lack of food对应。
52. [I]。题干意为，对外表的过度关注使得改变这种不正常的风气变得不可能。注意抓住题干中的关键词too much concern和change such abnormal trend。文章段落中，提及对外表的过度关注的内容在[I]段出现，该段最后一句提到，这种对于美丽和性感的关注“事实上摧毁了任何可能有助于改变这种风气的意识和行动”。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[I]。题干中的too much concern on appearance对应原文中的focus on beauty and desirability。
53. [E]。题干意为，研究人员发现如果一个女人的身材比例和芭比娃娃一样，那么她最终会死于营养不良。注意抓住题干中的关键词Barbie-doll proportions和die from malnutrition。文章段落中，只有[E]段提到了芭比娃娃，该段第三句提到，如果一个女人的身材真是那样(有着芭比娃娃的身材比例)的话，她将会患上慢性腹泻并最终死于营养不良。由此可知，题干对原文做了同义改写，故答案为[E]。
54. [G]。题干意为，几年来魁北克杂志坚持在其时尚页面上刊登正常身材的女性形象，以抵制这种潮流。注意抓住题干中的关键词The Quebec magazine Coup de 和consistently including fUll-sized women。文章段落中，提及魁北克杂志Coup de )ou(e坚持刊登正常身材的女性形象的内容在[G]段出现，该段前两句提到，杂志业有人正在努力抵制这种潮流。几年来魁北克杂志Coup de )ou(e坚持在其时尚页面上刊登正常身材的女性形象。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[G]。题干中的resists对应原文中的buck(抵制，反抗)。
55. [B]。题干意为，根据一些分析家的观点，将美丽的标准强加到女性身上的根本原因是经济利益。注意抓住题干中的关键词fundamental reason、standards of beauty和economic profits。文章段落中，论及将美丽的标准强加到女性身上的根本原因的内容在[B]段出现，该段前两句提到，为什么会把美丽的标准强加到女性身上，而大多数女性生来就比模特要胖要成熟?一些分析家认为，根源在于经济利益。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[B]。题干中的fundamental reason和原文中的roots对应。
2019大学英语六级翻译新题型预测题：汉语教学 中国的官方语言普通话在美国的学校中突然热起来。因为中国经济在 21世纪的快速发展，美国的公立和私立学校纷纷在外语课程中加入汉 语这个科目，或将已有的汉语教学项目实行扩展。据统计，在美国的 学校中，有5万名孩子在学习汉语。但推动汉语项目的发展不是没有 遇到困难。因为缺乏受过专业训练、持有证书的教师，一些学校很难 加入汉语教学的竞争。当学校聘用教师时，它们通常直接从中国招聘，这种方式为文化冲突埋下了隐患。 【翻译词汇】 官方语言 official language 普通话 Mandarin 快速的 rapid 课程 curriculum (pl.curricula) 已有的 in place 缺乏 shortage 受过专业训练 professionally trained 证书 certificate 招聘 recruit 文化冲突 culture clash 【精彩译文】 Mandarin, the official language of China, is suddenly hot in American sch ools. With the rapid development of China’s economy in the 21th century, both public and private schools
in America are scrambling to add Mandarin to their curricula of foreign languages or expanding Chinese language programs already in place. By some estimates, as many as 50 000 children nationwide are taking Mandarin in American schools. To develop Chinese-language programs has met some difficulties. A shortage of professionally trained teachers with certificates has made it difficult for some schools to join the competition. When schools need to employ teachers, they often recruit them from China directly, which is a hidden trouble for culture clash.
大学英语六级翻译练习题 Translation One (5minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72. From what you would get angry with you friends, we can conclude you still ( 在意他的友情). 73. Man might think that few women fit him before his marriage, and ( 结婚后觉得适合自己的女人很多). 74. Among thousands of people ,you meet those you've met. Through thousands of years, with the boundlessness of time ( 没有早一步, 也没有晚一步, 刚巧赶上了). 75. Everyone has his inherent ability which is easily . ( 被习惯所掩盖, 被时间所迷离, 被惰性所消磨). 76. While our dream is confronted with the reality ,you always feel painful. Just trample on the pain, ( 要么你把痛苦踩在脚下). Translation Two (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72.Scientists will have to _________________________________________________(提出增 加世界粮食供应的新方法). 73.The medicine _____________________________________________________(治愈了那 个老妇人的慢性咳嗽) which she had suffered 20 years. 74.Sometimes I fight for Mom and sometimes I fight for Dad, but I wish ________________________________________________________ (他们能让我从中完全解脱出来). 75.Many people believe that our species ___________________________________________ (有朝一日会濒临灭绝). 76.The doctor said that __________________________________________________ (保持饮 食均衡很重要). Translation Three ( five minutes) 72. He did very well in his exams , _________________________(考虑到他学的很少). 73. Beijing has announced that _________________________(在任何请光下，中国将不首先使
2014年6月英语六级翻译新题型模拟题 （1）原文： 中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因,贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困现象。 参考答案 China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world’s total. For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons. In the mid-1980s, the economy of an overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social, historical, and natural conditions. The Chinese government, while working on all-round economic and social development, has nationwide implemented a large-scale program for development-oriented poverty relief in a planned and organized way. With the main objective of helping poverty-stricken people solve
2017年12月英语四六级翻译真题 英语四级翻译真题：泰山 泰山位于山东省西部。海拔1500余米，方圆约400平方公里。泰山不仅雄伟壮观，而且是一座历史文化名山，过去3000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方。据记载，共有72位帝王曾来此游览。许多作家到泰山获取灵感，写诗作文，艺术家也来此绘画。山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。泰山如今已成为中国一处主要的旅游景点。 英语四级翻译真题：华山 华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分。秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同。华山过去很少有人光临。因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。 英语四级翻译真题：黄山 黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄山美景，就得向下看。黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生长，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。 英语六级翻译真题：青海湖 青海湖位于海拔3205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处。是中国最大的咸水湖，面积4317平方公里，最深处25.5米，有23条河注入湖中，其中大部分是季节性的。百分之八十的湖水源于五条主要河流。青海湖位于跨越亚洲的几条候鸟迁徙路线的交叉处。许多鸟类把青海湖作为迁徙过程中的暂息地，湖的西侧是著名的“鸟岛”，吸引着来自世界各地的观鸟者。每年夏天，游客们也来这里观看国际自行车比赛。 英语六级翻译真题：洞庭湖 洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。洞庭湖是长江的蓄洪池，湖的大小很大程度上取决于季节变化，湖北和湖南两省因其与湖的相对位置而得名，湖北意为“湖的北边”，而湖南则为“湖的南边”。洞庭湖作为龙舟赛的发源地，在中国文化中享有盛名。据说龙舟赛始于洞庭湖东岸。为的是搜寻楚国爱国诗人屈原的遗体。龙舟赛与洞庭湖及周边的美景，每年都吸引着成千上万来自全国和世界各地的游客。 英语六级翻译真题：太湖 太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖，占地面积2250平方公里，是中国第三大淡水湖，仅次于鄱阳和洞庭，太湖约有90个岛屿，大小从几平方米到几平方公里不等。太湖以其独特的“太湖石”而闻名，太湖石常用于装饰中国传统园林。太湖也以高产的捕鱼业而闻名。自上世纪70年代后期以来，捕捞鱼蟹对沿湖的
英语六级翻译必备词汇——中国文化 来源：文都图书 自从四六级改革以后，翻译就由之前的部分句子汉译英变成了整段的汉译英，这对于考生来说难度确实加大不少。新翻译涉及到社会、经济、历史、文化等等，这就要求大家在这些方面多加注意并积累。文都在这里给大家总结了一些有关中国文化的必备词。 火药gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass 《三字经》The Three-Word Chant 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游记》Journey to the West; 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 中国画traditional Chinese painting 书法calligraphy 水墨画Chinese brush painting; 中国结Chinese knot 旗袍Cheongsam 京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask 相声comic crosstalk
皮影戏shadow play; 说书story-telling 武术martial art 阳历solarcalendar 阴历lunarcalendar 剪纸：Paper Cutting 书法：Calligraphy 针灸：Acupuncture 太极拳：Tai Chi 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 孟子：Mencius 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck 火锅：Hot Pot 关于六级翻译，内容还是比较广泛的，对于日常生活中比较常见的词语最好都要弄清它的英文翻译。平时也要多注意进行练习，因为是新题型，所以真题比较少，大家可以配套文都出版的《大学英语六级考试真题精析与标准预测》，里面附赠20片短文翻译，让大家有题可做。
2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案 In China, variety of foods and dishes is needed in traditional ways of entertaining guests and makes them impossible to finish the dinner. Typical menus of Chinese banquetinclude cold dishes to start and the following hot ones. For example，meat, chicken, duck and vegetables. In most banquets, a whole fish dish is considered indispensable, unless various kinds of seafood have been served. Nowadays, Chinese people tend to mix Western specials with traditional Chinese cuisine. Thus, steak is not rare. Traditionally，although the Chinese do not eat any of theuncooked dishes，salads have also become popular. The banquet usually has at leasta bowl of soup that can be offered as the first or the final dish. Desserts and fruits usually mean the end of the feast. 城市化 2020年是中国城市化进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发张对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发张理念。强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就能够更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。 2020 was a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China as its population exceeded the rural population for the first time. In the next 20 years, about 350 million rural
2020年英语六级翻译新题型预测：四大文明古国之一 中国位于亚洲东部，它是世界上人口最多的国家。中国是四大文 明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的深林、雄伟壮丽的瀑布(waterfalls)、秀丽的湖泊、如利剑直插云霄的山峰以及富有中华文 化光辉的古迹(antiquity)，令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具有五千多年的历史，遗留下无数的历史文物(historical relics).包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿(palaces)及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为很多人梦寐以求的旅 游胜地。 参考译文 China lies in the east of Asia. It is a country which is the most densely populated in the world. China is one of the four countries in the world with an ancient civilization. It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like swords. Besides, it contains historic remains of glorious Chinese antiquity. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China is possessed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearl sand jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and ,edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people's admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land. 1.第一句实际包含两层含义，故能够分为两句来翻译。
2010 年6 月六级真题 Passage One 发达国家中只有两个国家不能保证提供用于照料新生儿的带薪休假。去年春天，这两个国家中的一个——澳大利亚——放弃了这种令人质疑的殊荣，建立了自2011 年起开始实施的带薪家庭休假制。在美国这并没有成为新闻，我并不感到意外——现在我们是唯一没有这项政策的富有国家。 美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策，这就是于1993 年通过的《家庭和医疗休假法》。它规定要照料新生儿或处理家庭医疗问题的工人有资格享受时间长达12 个星期的不带薪休假。尽管此法案带来的利益不明显，但当时商务部和其他一些商业团体都极力反对，称其为“政府负责的人事管理”和“危险的先例”。事实上，民主党领袖一直都致力于将能促进工作与家庭关系平衡的措施形成法律条文，但每一次的努力都遭到了商业团体的强烈反对。 正如耶鲁大学法学教授Anne Alstott 所辩解的那样，要肯定父母关爱的作用就要将家庭定义为一种社会商品，从某种意义上讲，社会要为此埋单。在她的书《无路可走：父母对孩子的亏欠以及社会对家长的亏欠》中，她认为父母在生活的多个方面都肩负重担：在谈到孩子的话题时，父母们“无路可走”：“社会希望也需要家长们能不间断地照看好他们的孩子，而且是人类用以开发智力、培养情感和树立道德的那种深度的、亲密无间的照看。社会还希望并需要父母们能坚守这一角色，18 年如一日，如有必要，甚至还可以更长。” 大部分父母出于爱都会照顾孩子，不照顾孩子的父母则会受到公众的处罚。换句话说，父母们所做的一切都是这个国家所密切关注的问题，原因很明显，照顾孩子不仅从道德上来说是迫切的而且对这个社会的未来至关重要。国家在大多数保障儿童福利的家庭法律中都认可了这一点，而父母们在履行社会所强加给他们的、会改变其命运的义务时得到的帮助却甚少。把养育孩子视为个人选择、集体没有责任的做法不仅仅忽视了良好家庭教育所产生的社会效益，而且会抹杀这部分社会效益，因为当今天的孩子成为明天的具有生产力的公民时这部分社会效益会属于整个社会。实际上，据估计父母对孩子投入的价值，包括时间和金钱的投入（包括失去的薪水）相当于国内生产总值的20%—30%。如果这些投入能够产生巨大的社会效益——很明显能产生——那么为家庭提供更多的社会支持所带来的效益将会更加显而易见。 Passage Two 塔夫茨大学公民学习和参与信息研究中心(CIRCLE)一份新的调查显示，现在有比以前更多的年轻人参与投票选举，美国发展中心2008 年的一份调查也表明越来越多的年轻选民和活动家开始支持传统的自由事业。但要看出这些调查数字在现实生活中的意义并非易事。在总统竞选期间，巴拉克·奥巴马以希望和改变为宣传口号组成了不同种族之间和不同意识形态之间人们的联盟。当新一届政府执政下的现实生活步入正轨的时候，有些支持者可能会大失所望。随着国家进一步走入奥巴马执政时代，参与政治的年轻人是会继续支持奥巴马及其施政议程还是会渐行渐远？ “O（奥巴马的简称）一代”是《新闻周刊》新开的一个博客，致力于记录那些支持奥巴马的年轻人的生活。“O 一代”的作者们想就上面的问题做出回答。未来的三个月，Michelle Kremer 和其他11 位年龄从19 岁到34 岁不等的奥巴马支持者将会用博客来记录美国社会的主流生活，一个不同之处在于：通过将他们所有的观点和经历与新任总统及其领导下的政府紧密结合，这些博客作者试图开启一场对话，探讨在当今美国，年轻并且在政治方面活跃到底意味着什么。24 岁的Malena Amusa 是该博客的一位作者，也是来自圣路易斯的一位舞者，她将这一项目看做是即时记录历史的一种方式。Amusa 今年春天为了完成其著作前往印度，后来又去塞内加尔教授英语，她和她的朋友一直在谈论奥巴马当政会如何改变他们的日常生活，她希望把其中的一些观点和她的全球性视角写到帖子里。她很兴奋，要看清楚世界，“我不必等上15 年”，她这样解释说。 Henry Flores 是圣玛丽大学的政治学教授，他将年轻一代的政治力量归因于他们对科技的拥护。“网络使他们接触到更多的思想，”他说，“不同地区想法相同的人们就会聚到一起。”这正是“O 一代”博主们所期待的事情。结果可能会出现一群年轻人，就像他们在二战后生育高峰期出生的父母一样，伴随一种强烈的目的感而成长，他们也会改变此前从“X 一代”人身上所继承下来的冷漠形象。由一群普通但有抱负的年轻人来管理博客是个不小的挑战，但“O 一代”的成员能胜任这项任务。
乒乓球 乒乓球是一项强调耐力和反应能力(reflexes)的运动，尽管乒乓球本身比较小，运动强度不大。不论男女老少都可以同台公平竞争。由于是室内运动，所以可以常年举行比赛或进行练习。自从乒乓球运动诞生以来，它已经经历了巨大的演变。比赛规则经过多次的修改，并且随着技术的进步和打球方式的改变，运动器材也发生了变化。这些改良(refinement)只是证明了乒乓球运动已经发展为一项非常完美的运动，可以与我们所崇尚(with reverence)的任何一种经典运动相媲美。 Despite its small size and moderate intensity, ping-pong is a sport that emphasizes endurance and reflexes. People of all ages and genders can play it on an equal ground. The sport is played indoors, so year-round competition and practice are possible. Ping-pong has undergone enormous evolution since it came into being, with has experienced many revisions of rules and seen an improvement of equipment as technology and playing styles changed. Such refinement only serves as evidence that ping-pong is indeed a full-fledged sport, comparable to any of the other classics we behold with reverence. 清华大学 清华大学被视为中国最著名和选拔人才最严格的大学之一。清华大学的校园位于北京西北部的海淀区，这是专为大学指定的区域。它坐落在清代皇家花园的旧址上，保留了一些中式的园林风格以及一些传统的建筑，但它的许多建筑物都是西式风格的，反应了美国对它的影响。它拥有中国最美丽校园之一，拥有中国最好的工程和应用科学 (applied science)课程，吸引了全国最有才华的学生，其地位和美国伯克利大学 (Berkeley)、麻省理工学院以及斯坦福大学相当。 Tsinghua University is regarded as one of the most renowned and most selective universities in China. The campus of Tsinghua University is situated in northwest Beijing, in Haidian District which is designated for universities. It is located on the former site of Qing Dynasty royal gardens and retains some Chinese-style landscapes as well as some traditional buildings, but many of its buildings are Western-style reflecting the American influence on its history. With one of the most beautiful campuses and the best engineering and applied science programs in China, it attracts the most talented students of the nation and occupies a position similar to Berkeley, MIT, and Stanford University in the US. 儒家思想 儒家思想是中国传统文化的基石。它出现在大约2500年前的春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn Period)，是建立在夏、商、周朝的传统文化之上，并由孔子创立的完整观念体系(ideological system)。儒家思想博大精深，涵盖了人性、
2019年12月英语六级翻译真题及答案 2014年12月英语六级翻译真题及答案 翻译一： 中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这个目标得以实现，今后绝大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。 在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了注重高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。 教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。 China will endeavor to ensure every employee to have average 13.3 years of education. If the goal is achieved, a majority of people entering the labor market will be having Bachelor’s degree. In the next few years, China will increase the number of people in vocational college. Except focusing on the higher education, the government will find a breakthrough point to ensure the justice of education. China is trying to optimize education resources and, accordingly, the countryside as well as the less developed areas will receive more support. In addition, the education ministry decides to improve the nutrition of students in less developed areas and provides equal opportunities for the children of workers from out of town to receive education in the city.
英语六级翻译新题型预测：四大文明古国之一 中国位于亚洲东部，它是世界上人口最多的国家。中国是四大文明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的深林、雄伟壮丽的瀑布(waterfalls)、秀丽的湖泊、如利剑直插云霄的山峰以及富有中华文化光辉的古迹(antiquity)，令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具有五千多年的历史，遗留下无数的历史文物(historical relics).包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿(palaces)及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。 参考译文 China lies in the east of Asia. It is a country which is the most densely populated in the world. China is one of the four countries in the world with an ancient civilization. It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like swords. Besides, it contains historic remains of glorious Chinese antiquity. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China is possessed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearl sand jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and ,edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people's admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a
精品文档2016中国农业套:12月英语六级翻译真题第3年亿。中国农业产量全球第一，主要生产水3农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过但为世界百分之二十的人提供稻、小麦和豆类。虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，勤劳和富有创造性的中国年开始种植水稻。了粮食。中国7700早在使用机械和化肥之前，农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产量。中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全，大众健康和可持续发展。 Agriculture is one of the most important industries inChina which embra agriculture output ranks the first ces more than 300 millionworkers. China ‘sand beans. China provid rice, wheat allover the word, and it mainly produce es 20 percent of the worldfood, though its agriculture land only accounts for 1 history ofplanting rice dates back as early as 7world'stotal.China's 0% of the c an d and fertilizers,industrious700 B.C. Long befor e the use o f machinery farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increase crop reativepromot of the agriculture development in China is to yields. The latest trend of pur agriculture can serve a varietyorganice organic agriculture. And the poses, which including foodsafety, public health and sustainable development. :学汉语第2套月英语六级翻译真题2016年12 使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语学汉语的人数迅速增加，随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，言之一。近年来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。由于中国教育的巨大进步，万国际学生40中国成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一就不足为奇了。2015年，近在全球而包括科学与工程。蜂拥来到中国市场。他们学习的科目不再限于中国语言和文化，教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在迅速赶上。economy booms, there is a dramaticincrease in the number of China'sAs people learning Chinese,which makes it become one of the most popularlanguages. In recent years, international ranks ofChinese universities have apparently boosted. Owingto the progress of Chinese education, it is not odd that China has become one of the mostfavorite destinations for oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundredthousand international students piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limitedto the subjects of Chinese and Chinese culture, they also learn science and engineering. In theglobal education market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catchingup. 旅游套:第年201612月英语六级翻译真题1 中国人的时间主过去，随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。经济的繁荣和富近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。然而，精品文档．精品文档出国旅游也裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮。中国人不仅在国内旅游，亿元。据世界贸易组织估越来越普遍。年国庆节假日期间，旅游消费总计超过40002016在未来几年里将成为处境旅游支出增长最快2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国，计，的国家。 With the improvement of living standards, vacationis playing an increasin life. In the past, Chinese people mainlysChinesepeople'sgly important role in
最新改革英语六级翻译新题型练习． （1）原文： 中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占
世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因，贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发 展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困
现象。 参考答案 China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world's total. For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons. In the mid-1980s, the economy of an overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social,
2013年12月英语六级翻译真题 试卷一： 闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6,000多公里。得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器（porcelain）也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。 参考译文： The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an imp ortant role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market. 试卷二： 中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。 参考译文： After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape. This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a