1.PCM原理
抽样量化与编码:sampling,quantizing and coding
话路:speech channel
幅值: amplitude value
抽样频率: sampling frequency
抽样速率: sampling rate
脉冲流: stream of pulses
重复率: repetition rate
编码过程: coding process
模拟信号: analog signal
传输质量: transmission quality
数字通信: digital communication
数字传输: digital transmission
含噪声的环境: noisy environment
传输路由: transmission path
信噪比 :signal-to-noise ratio
信号电平 :signal levels噪声功率: noise power
地面系统: terrestrial system
二进制传输: binary transmission
反向操作: reverse operation
8-位码序列: 8-digit sequence
接受端: receiving terminal
帧格式 :frame format
同步字 :synchronization word
实现这三项功能的方案 :the schemes for performing these three functions
一串幅值: a series of amplitude values
电话质量的话路 a speech channel of telephone quality
一个8位二进制码的序列: a sequence of 8-binary digits
理论上的最小抽样频率 :a minimum theoretical sampling frequency
占据着300Hz到3.4kHz频率范围的话路: a voice channel occupying the range 300Hz to 3.4kHz 每个样值8-位码: 8-digits per sample value
汽车点火系统的打火: the sparking of a car ignition system
重复率为64kHz的脉冲流: the stream of the pulses with a repetition rate of 64kHz
真实信号与噪声信号的关系: relationship of the true signal to the noise signal
由卫星上接受到的信号 :the signal received from a satellite
一条特定消息中的全部信息 :the complete informatian about a particular message
被传信号的波形 :the shape of the transmitted signal
由传输路由引入的衰减: the attenuation introduced by transmission path
将抽样的幅值转换成一串脉冲的单元 :the unit that converts sampled amplitude value to a set of pulses
涉及到第一路，第二路及其他各路的序列: a sequence relating to channel 1,2 and so on
被称为同步字的独特码序列: a unique sequence of pulses called synchronization word
地面系统 :terrestrial system
脉冲的“有”或“无” : the presence or absence of the pulses
高速的电子开关: a high-speed electronic switch
时分多路复用器 :the time division multiplexer
时分多路复用 :Time Division Multiplexer
2.异步串行数据传输
串行接口 serial interface
显示终端 CRT terminal
发送器与接收器 transmitter and receiver
数据传输 data transmission
数据流 data stream
闲置状态 the idle state
传号电平 mark level
空号电位 space level
起始位 start bit
停止位 stop bit
T秒的持续时间 duration of T seconds
奇偶校检位 parity bit
错误标志 error flag
传输错误 transmission error
下降沿 fallinf edge
符号间的空格 intersymbol space
接收机的定时 receiver timing
本地时钟 local clock
磁带 magnetic tape
控制比特 control bit
逻辑1电平 logical 1 level
二进制数据 binary data
明显的缺点 obvious disadvantage
异步串行数据传输 asynchronous serial data transmission
最为流行的串行接口 the most popular serial interface
所传送的数据 the transmitted data
发送器与接收器的时钟 the clocks at the transmitter and receiver
电传机的时代 the era of teleprinter
一个字符的点和划 the dots and dashs of a character
符号间空格持续时间的三倍 three times the duration of intersymbol space
被称为字符的比特组 the group of bits called characters
由7或8个比特的信息组成的固定单元 the invariable units comprising 7 or 8 bits of information 由接收机本地产生的时钟 a clock generated locally by the receiver
在字符后所收到的奇偶校检位 the received parity bit following the character
起始位的下降沿 the falling edge of the start bit
数据链路面向字符的特性 the character-oriented nature of the data link
3.数据通信
地下电缆 underground cable
通信卫星 communication satellite
微波设备 microwave facilities
调制器与解调器 modulator and demodulator
缓冲器 buffer
定时信号 timing signals
同步脉冲 synchronization pulses
时隙 time slot
移位寄存器 shift register
传输媒体 transmission medium
线形衰弱 linear attenuation
信息安全 information security
键盘 keyboard
数据终端 data terminals
某种类型的数据转换设备 some type of data conversion equipment
视频显示终端 visual display terminal
称为数据调制解调器的双向数据发送接收机 two-way data transmistter-receiver called a data modem 全双工的数据传输系统 full-duplex data trandmission system
由数据处理器的运算速率所决定的速率 the rate determined by the operating speed of the data processor
由接口部件来的定时信号 timing signals from the interface assembly
磁心存储器 magnetic core memories
线性衰减和时延特性 linear attenuation and delay characteristics
传输损伤 transmission impairments
语音中的冗余特性 the redundant nature of speech
在数据发送器中的编码过程 coding process in the data transmitter
二进制的不归零信号 binary nonreturn-to-zero signal
4.互联网
网络资源：network resource
信息服务：information services
远程终端：remote terminals
互联的系统：interconnected systems
命令：command
电子邮件：electronic mail
主机：host
无线信道：wireless channels
搜索工具：searching tools
用户界面：user interface
存取：access
文本信息：textual messages
协议：protocol
超文本协议：hypertext protocol
分布在全世界的计算机的巨大网络：gaint network of computers located all over the world
主干系统：backbone system
全国范围的网络：nationwild network
电子会议：electronic conferences
实时对话：live conversation
最大的信息库the largest repository of the computers on the net
网络设备资源：network facilities resources
在网上的绝大多数计算机：the vast majority of the computer on the net
UNIX操作系统：the UNIX operating system
在因特网和你的PC机之间传送数据的方法：a way to move data between the internet and your PC 方便的搜索工具：the convenient searching tools
联网的超文本协议：the network hypertext protocol
5.光纤通信介绍
光纤通信:optical fiber communications
光源：light source
波长：wavelength
激光器：laser
色散：dispersion
传输介质：transmission medium
多模光纤：multi-mode fiber
长途干线：long-houl trunks
单模光纤：singer-mode fiber
带宽：bandwidth
带宽用户：wideband subscriber
纤维光学：fiber-optics
商用技术：commercial technologe
门限电流：threshod current
光检测器：photodetector
波分复用：wavelength multiplexing
纤维光网络：fiber-optic network
视频带宽：video bandwidth
长途传输：long distance transmission
中继距离：repeater spacing
已装光纤的总长度：the total length of installed fiber
长途通信系统：long-haul telecommunication system
低衰减的石英纤维：the low-loss silica fiber
衰减接近瑞利极限的光纤：fibers with losses approaching the Rayleigh limit
室温下的门限电流：room temperature threshold currents
较长波长区：the longer wavelength region
用户接入工程：subscriber access project
部件性能和可靠性的改进：improvements in component performance and reliability
已安装的光纤系统的数据速率：data rates for installed fibre optic system
每秒吉比特：gigabit per second range
波分复用：wavelength multiplexing
带宽用户环路系统：widebend subscriber loop system
多纤连接器：multifibre connectors
设计寿命：projected lifetime
光源：light source
单模光纤：single-mode fibre
分布反馈式激光器：distributed-feedback laser
信息容量：information capacity
交换体系：switching hierarchy
带宽业务：broadband services
6.同步数字系列
同步数字系统：synchronous digital hierarchy
国际标准：international standard
信号格式：signal format
网络节点接口：network node interface
支路信号：tributary signals
数字交叉连接：digital cross-connection
网络管理：network management
网络维护：network maintenance
网络运营者：network operators
传输速率：transmission rate
支路映射：tributary mapping
灵活性：flexibility
用户业务：subscriber services
覆盖层：overlay levels
制造商：manufacturer
同步传输帧：synchronous transmission frame
线路终端复用器：line terminal multiplexer
分插复用器：add-drop multiplexer
再生中继器：regenerator
灵敏度：sensitivity
虚容器：virtual container
成帧字节：framing bytes
段开销：section overhead
端到端传输：end-to-end transmission
误码监视：error monitoring
信号处理节点：signal processing nodes
净负荷：payload
指针：pointer
同步传输系统：synchronous transmission system
覆盖nni的标准：the standard covering the NNI
国际标准接口：the international standard interface
直接同步复用：direct synchronous multiplexing
灵活的通信联网：flexible telecommunication networking
点对点的传输技术：point-to-point transmission technology
先进的网络管理：advanced network management
不同厂家提供的设备：the equipment supplied by different manmufacturers SDH提供的灵活性：the flexibility provided by SDH
同步复用设备的运营者：operator of synchronous multiplexers
电信联网：telecommunication networking
支路信号：tributary signals
维护能力：maintenance capabilities
统一的电信网络基础结构：unified telecommunication network infrastructure 组件：building blocks
终端复用器：terminal multiplexer
贯通方式：through-mode fashion
同步数字交叉链接：synchronous DXC
可变带宽：arying bandwidth
各个支路信号：individual tributary signals
传输系统：transport system
光载体：optical carrier
二维图形：2-dimensional map
传输次序：the order of transmission
7.波分复用
对光特性的理解：the understanding of the property of light
基本重要性：the fundamental important
想象今天的通信系统：to imagine the communication system of today
光的高速公路：the highway of light
巨量的信息：the massive amount of information
采用通信新技术：to adopt new communication technology
大量的视频信息：the large amounts of video information
波分复用：the wave divide multiplexing
只发送单个波长：to send only one wavelength
传输大量的波长：to transmit a large amount of wavelength
无差错传输：the error-free transmission
自愈特性：the self-healing propertys
直接接入光网络：to access directly to the optial network
视频信息：the video information
导致WDM革命的主要进展：the major advance that led to the revolution
光放大器的发明：the invention of the optical amplifier
下一段光纤：the next span of fiber
提高所有波长信号的功率：to boost the signal power of all wavelength
在光放大器方面的进展：the advances in optical amplifier
增益均衡技术的发展：the development of gain equalization techniques
多波长传输：the multiple-wavelength transmission
无线系统的增长：the growth of various application
各种各样的业务：the wide various application
处理各种业务类型：to handle various types of traffic
全光交叉连接：the all-optical cross-connect
8.寻呼系统的发展
通信手段：communication means
被叫人：called person
紧急通信：urgent communications
移动电话网：mobile telephone network
电话交换台：telephone switchboard
寻呼业务：paging service
电子电路：electronic circuitry
无线传输：wireless transmission
无线发射机：wireless transmitter
个人代码：personal codes
服务区：service area
单向通信：one-way communication
寻呼用户：paging users
顾客：customer
技术进步：technological progress
系统的效率：efficiency of the system
专用的无线网络：dedicated wireless network
终端设备：terminal equipment
全球覆盖：global coverage
无线增益：gain of the antenna
空间站：space station
通信网络的运行：the operation of a communication network
有线的和移动的电话网络：the wired and mobile telephone network
光和声音的信号装置：optical and acoustical signaling devices
本地电话交换台的接线员：the operator of a local telephone switchboard 第一代寻呼系统：the first generation of paging system
利用无线传输的寻呼系统：the paging system using wireless transmission 专用的无线接收机：the dedicated radio receiver
社会和经济效益：social and economic advantages
电子电路的小型化：the miniaturization of electronic circuitry
价格效率比：cost efficiency
小型无线电接收机：the miniature radio receiver
显示能力：display capability
全球覆盖：global coverage
空间站的天线增益：the space station antenna gain
地球同步轨道卫星：geostationary orbit satellite
用户终端：user terminal
9.蜂窝式移动电话系统
蜂窝式移动电话：cellular mobile telephone
服务性能：services performance
频谱：frequency spectrum频带：frequency band
微处理器：microprocessor移动手机：mobile unit
广播业务：broadcast servise天线：antenna
子系统：subsystems移动用户：mobile subscriber
服务能力：service capability
利用率：utilization带宽：bandwidth
单边带：single-sideband扩频：spread spectrum
大规模集成电路：large scale integrated circuits
蜂窝点：cellular site蜂窝交换机：cellular switch
无线机架：radio cabinet呼叫处理：call processing
频谱利用率：frequency spectrum utilization
有限的指定频带：the limited assigend ferquency band 服务区：servise area
复杂的特性和功能：complicated features and functions
大规模集成电路技术：large-scale integraesd circuit technology
试验性的蜂窝系统：developmental cellular system
中央协调单元：central coordinating element
蜂窝管理：cellular administration
传统移动电话的运行限制：operational limitiation of conventional mobile telephone system 有限的服务能力：limitied service capability
无线通信行业：radio communcation industry
可用的无线电频谱：available radio frequency spectrum
所分配的频带：the allocated frequency band
移动收发信机：mobile transceiver
技术上的可行性：techological feasibility
严格的频谱限制：severe spectrum limitations
调频广播业务：FM broadcasting services
传播路径衰耗：propagration path loss
多径衰耗：multipath fading
电话公司地方局:telephone company zone offices
10.全球移动通信系统
个人通信 personal communcation
通信标准 communcation standrads
固定电话业务 fixed telephone services
网络容量 network capability
移动交换中心 mobile switching center
国际漫游 international roaming
宽带业务 broadband services
接口转换 interface conversion
频谱分配 frequency allocation
模拟方式 analogue mode
蜂窝通信原理 cellular communcation principe
拥塞 jamming
蜂窝裂变 cellular splitting
基站 base station
寄存器 register
收费功能 billing function
接入方法 access method
突发脉冲传输方式 brusty transimission mode
开销信息 overhead information
切换算法 handover algorithms
短消息服务 short message services
技术规范 technical specification
total access communcation system 全接入的通信系统
global mobile communcation system 全球移动通信系统
time division multiple access 时分多址
facsimile and short message services 传真和短消息服务
fixed communcation networks 固定通信网络
a more personalized system 更加个性化的系统
the cost and quality of the link 链路的价格和质量
market growth 市场的发展
fixed telephone service 固定电话服务
coxial cable 同轴电缆
interface convision 接口转换
cellular communcation priciple 蜂窝通信原则
frequency reuse and cell splitting 频率复用和蜂窝裂变
cochannel interference 共信道干扰
theoretical spectual capability 理论上的频谱容量
micro-cellular system 微蜂窝系统
base station transceiver 基站收发信机
subscriber register 用户寄存器
burst transmission mode 突发脉冲传输模式
overhead information 开销信息
advanced handover algorithms 先进的切换算法
facsimile and short message services 传真和短消息服务
the GSM technique specications GSM技术规范说明
11.电路交换和分组交换
电路交换 circuit switching
分组交换 packet switching
报文交换 message switching
子网 subnet信头 header
目的地址 destination address
误差控制 error control
存储转发方式 store-and-forward manner
突发性 bursty传输时延 transimission delay
中间交换设备 intermediate switching equipment
交换技术 switching technique
返回信号 return signal
报文处理机 message processor
给定最大长度 given maximum length
信息转移 information transfer
随机性 random专用电路 dedicated circuit
电路利用率 channel ultilization
the capability of soring or manipulating user's data 存储和处理用户数据的能力
the special signaling message 特定的信令信息
a well defined block df data callde amessage 被精心定义的称为报文的数据块
the information regarding the source and destination address 涉及源和目的地址的信息
the computer referred to a message processor 叫做报文处理器的计算机
the store-and-forward transmission technique 存储转发传输技术
the dynamic allocation of bandwith 带宽的动态分配
the overall transmission delay of message 报文整个的传输时延
switching technique 交换技术
ciruit switching 电路交换
message switching 报文交换
packet switching 分组交换
total path of connected lines 连线的整个通路
source-destination pair 源到目的地的一对
communication parties 通信各方
transmission unit 传输单元
intial connection cost incurred in setting up the circuit 在建立电路时的起初连接成本low delay constraint required by the user 用户所需的最短时延的限制
the fixed dedicateded end-to-end circuit 固定专用的端到端电路
low channel ultization 低的电路利用率
12.ATM异步转移模式
异步转移模式 asynchronous
逻辑信道 logical channel
虚电路 virtual circuits
虚路径 virtual paths
建议 recommendation
网络层network level
业务与应用层 service and application
虚连接 virtual connection
信息高速公路 information superhigh way
点播电视 video-on-demand
统计复用 statistical multiplexing
数字化的信息 digital information
标识符 identifer
协议 protocols
网络节点 network node
宽带网 broadband network
ATM论坛 ATM forum
面向未来 future-proofed
图象编码 image encodeing
虚拟专用网 virtual private network
数据处理 data processing
被叫做信元的短的分组 short packets called cells
每秒几百兆比特的速率 bit rates of several hundred megabits a second
独特的复用方法 unique multiplexing method
任何两个终端之间的物理连接 the physical connection between any two terminals
交互式的视频业务 interactive video services
多媒体业务的自然载体 a nature vehicle for multimedia services
运营者和用户当前和未来的要求 the current and future requirement of both perators and users 高比特率信道的交换技术 the technique for switching high bit rate channel
异步转换模式 asychornous transfer mode
复用和交换技术 multiplexing and switching technique
所承载的传输类型 the underlying type of transmission
双重标识 dual identification
虚电路 virtual circuit
虚路径 virtual path
信元在网络节点上的转移 the transfer of cells to the network nodes
每秒几百爪比特 hundreds megabits a second
I.121建议 recommendation I.121
服务质量 the quality of service
与实际需求成比例 in proportion to the exact requirement
网络所传送的应用和业务 the applications and service transported over a network
构成虚网络的能力 the ability to construct virtual networks
低价高效的利用网络设施 cost-effective use of infrastructure
面向未来的 future-proofed
协调传送不同业务的不同网络 coordinating different networks carrying different services
未来的信息高速公路的基本部件 essential components of future information superhighways
统计复用 statistical multiplexing
资源的最佳使用 optimum use of resources
虚拟专用网 virtual private networks
13.多媒体
多媒体 multimedia
交互环境 interactive enviornment
视频压缩 video compressin
高清晰度电视 high definition television
数字信号处理器 digital signal processor
点播业务 on-demand services
视频服务器 video servers
硬件、软件和应用 hardware,software and applications
存储 storage
彩显 colour moniter
全活动图象 full motion picture
视频编码器 vision encoder
字节 byte
mixture of hardware,software and applications 硬件、软件和应用层
interactive environment 交互环境
personal desk top computers 个人桌面电脑
video compression 视频压缩
the vision encoder 视频编码器
video-on-demand interactive services 交互式视频点播业务
multimedia enviroment 多媒体环境
visual images 视频图象
hard disk storage 硬盘存储
colour monitor 彩显
the standards of multimedia 多媒体标准
motion pictures 活动图象
consumer quality of video and audio 顾客质量的视频和音频
broadcast images 广播图象
high definition television 高清晰度电视
coding algorithms 编码算法
digital signals processor 数字信号处理器
14.公用电信网
公用电信网 public telecommunication network
本地环路 local loop
交换节点 switching node
双绞线 twisted pair
外部呼叫 external call
端局 end office
数字数据系统 digital data systems
二线连接 two wire connection
收费中心 toll center
电路交换网 circuit-switching network
电话用户 telephone subscriber
数据流量 data traffic
链路 link
中继线 trunk
半双工的 half-duplex
全双工的 full-duplex
中间交换节点 intermediate switching node
音频电路 voice-frequency circuit
汇接交换机 tandem switch
拓扑 topology
接点间的 internode
路由 route
全双工的连接 full-duplex connection
集中话务量的功能 the funcion of concentrating traffic
被称为汇接交换机的交换节点 the switching node called tandem switch
一小部分用户 a fraction of subscribers
在站和网络之间的接口 the interface between the station and the network 发送数字信号的用户 the subscriber that transmit digital signal
国家网络 national network
结构部件 architectural components
接点间的支路 the branches between nodes
树状拓扑 tree topology
传输设备 transmission facilities
多条音频电路 multiple voice-frequency circuits
同步时分复用 synchronous TDM
相邻的端局 adjacent end offices
全连通性 full connectivity
被分离开的子网 isolated subnetworks
高效中继线 high-usage trunks
路由选择的基本次序 basic order of selection
主干体系网络 backbone hierarchical network
连到不同端局的俩个用户 two subscribers attached to
different office
交换区 exchange area
15.综合业务数字网
全球通信 global communications
灵活性 flexibility
端到端的数字连接 end-to-end digital connectivity
开放网络 open network
语声编码 voice encoding
综合业务数字网 integrated services digital network
系统结构 infrastructure
国际标准化组织International Organization for Standardization
通信载体 communication carriers
传输媒体 transmission medium
接口设备 interface equipment
带宽限制 bandwidth limitation
交换设备 switching equipment
语音编码 voice encoding
脉码调制 pulse code modulation
基本接入 basic access
综合业务数字网 the integrated services digital network
国际标准化组织 the International Organization for Standardization
由于传输媒体导致的质量下降 degradation due to the transmission medium
4kHz话路中所固有的带宽限制 bandwidth limitations inherent in a 4kHz voice channel
标准化的接口 standardized ports
脉（冲编）码调制 pulse code modulation
数字通信 digital communication
ISDN的标准和系统结构 ISDN standards and system architecture
全球通信 global communication
数字技术的逐步应用 progressive application of digital technology
共同通信载体 public communication carriers
高质量 enhanced quality
大量的接口设备 substantial quantity of interface equipment
在传送话音、数据、视频和其他业务上的灵活性 flexibility in the transmission of voice , data , video and other services
带宽的限制 bandwidth limitations
端到端的数字连接 end-to-end digital connectivity
语音编码技术 voice encoding techniques
基本接入信令速率 basic access signaling rate
统一的接入 universal access
试验性的技术 experimental technology
16.电信世界的业务和未来
X.25协议 X.25 protocol
电视信号 television signals
宽带业务 narrowband services
基本接入 basic access
电信业务 teleservice
用户电报 telex
无线电波 radio waves
地面天线 ground antenna
同轴的 coaxial
直接广播系统 direct broadcast system
端到端的时延 end-to-end delay
抖动 jitter
繁忙小时 peak hours
芯片技术 chip technology
高清晰度电视 high definition television
运行也维护 operations and maintenance
现有的公用网络 the existing public network
传统的双向对话 classical two-way voice conversation
基于X.25协议的分组交换数据网络 packet switched data network based onX.25 porotocols对网络的拥护接入 the user access to the network
对网络的用户接入 the user access to the network
信道速率为70 Mbit/s的电路交换业务 a circuit switched service with a channel rate of 70 Mbit/S 与业务无关的网络 the service-independent network
对资源的最佳统计共享 the optimal statistical sharing of the resources
电信业务 telecommunication service
用户电报网 telex network
文字报 messages of characters
双向对话 two-way voice conversation
同轴树状网络 coaxial tree network
公用天线的电视网络 community antenna TV network
直接广播系统 16 direct broadcast system
以太网 Ethernet
令牌总线网和令牌环网 token bus and token ring network
全球范围的独立网络 world-wide independent networks
电话网络的繁忙小时 the peak hours in the telephone network
资源共享 resource pooling
繁忙小时流量 23 peak hour traffic
窄带业务的综合 integration of narrow-band services
在语声编码和芯片技术方面的进步 the progress in speech coding and chip technology
新的电信业务 a new teleservice
对新业务要求的适配 adapting to new service requirements
移动电话：the mobile telephone
第三代移动业务：the third generation mobile service
无线通信：the wireless communication
手机：the handset 全球漫游：the global roaming 无线标准：the wireless standard 蜂窝点：the cell sate 峰值数据速率：the peak data rate平均吞吐量：the average throughput 下载：the download多址接入：the multiple access扩频：the spread spectrum technology时隙：the timeslot To comebine high speed mobile access with internet protocol-based service将高速移动接入与基本IP的服务结合起来
To standardized future digital wireless communication对未来的数字无线通信标准化theinternet protocol –based services基于互联协议的服务the single global wireless standard但与全球无线标准to accommodation the continuing growth of voice services as well as new wireless internet services容纳语音服务的持续增长及新的无线因特网服务 the spectrum allocation flexibility频谱分配的灵活性 the international telecommunication union国际电信联盟the boundaries between communication ，information，media and entertainment在通信，信息，媒体，娱乐之间的分界线
大学英语3词汇选择练习题 第一单元选择题 1. It __________that the necklace was made of glass. A. turned out B. made out C. looked out D. took out 解析：该题选A，题目大意是“原来那串项链是用玻璃做的”。 turn out: 结果是；证明是 The party turned out to be very successful. 晚会结果开得很成功。 2. ___________, he can finish the work in a couple of weeks. A. Giving good health B. If give good health C. Given good health D. If he is good given health 解析：该题选C，题目大意是“倘若身体好，他能在一两周内完成这项工作”。given 引导方式状语，意为“倘若，假设，考虑到”。如： 1. Given their inexperience, the y’ve done a good job.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们 的工作已经做得不错了。 2. Given some more time, I would do the job better.假如时间再多些，我能把工作 做得更好。 3. Given good health, the old lady can look after her grand-daughter for her son.假 如身体好的话，这位老太太能帮她儿子照看孙女。 3. ___________ to speak at the meeting, I couldn’t very well refuse. A. Called up B. Called off C. Called at D. Called on 解析：该题选D，题目大意是“要让我在会上发言，我是不会拒绝的”。 call on sb. to do st h：invite/require sb. to do sth.请/要求某人做某事 1. A teacher can call on individual students to compose similar questions. 老师可以要求每个学生提出类似的问题。 2. The chairman called on his people to organize so that they could be more powerful.主席号召他的民众组织起来，这样才能更有力量。 4. The poor police had never __________ of winning. A. made a chance B. took a chance C. stood a chance D. kept a chance 解析：该题选C，题目大意是“可怜的警察毫无胜诉的机会”。 stand a chanc e：have a prospect (of sth.) 有…希望 1. stand a chance of winning the game有可能赢得这场比赛 2. I think you stand a good chance of being elected president.我认为你极有可能 当选为公司总裁。 3. Weak and lame in one leg, he never stood a chance of getting the job of taxi-driver.由于身体虚弱，并且有一条跛腿，他从未有机会得到出租车司机的工作。 5. If our neighbor continues to refuse to keep his dog under control, we have to take him to ___________. A. solicitor B. brush C. prisoner D. court 解析：该题选D，题目大意是“如果我们的邻居仍然拒绝看管好他的狗，我们就不得不法庭上见了”。 take sb. to court：控告某人，对某人提出诉讼 1. If you don't pay up, I'll take you to court. 如果你不还清欠款, 我就到法院告
一、完形填空（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1.Once, three fishes lived in a pond. One evening, some ___1___ passed by the pond and saw the fishes. “This pond is full of fish”, they told each other __2___. “We have never fished here before. We must come back tomorrow morning with our ___3___ and catch these fish!” So saying, the fishermen left. When the eldest of the three fishes ___4___ this, he was troubled. He called the other fishes together and said, “Did you hear ___5___ the fishermen said? We must leave this pond at once. The fishermen will return tomorrow and kill us all!” The second of the three fishes agreed. “You are right”, he said. “We must leave the pond.” But the ____6___ fish laughed. “You are worrying without reason”, he said. “We have lived in this pond all our lives, and no fisherman has ever come here. Why should these men return? I am not going ___7____ - my luck will keep me safe.” The eldest of the fishes left the pond that ___8____ evening with his entire family. The second fish saw the fishermen ____9___ in the distance early next morning and left the pond at once with all his family. The third fish refused to leave even then. The fishermen ____10___and caught all the fish left in the pond. The third fish's luck did not help him - he too was caught and killed. (232字) a. A.fishersman B.fisherman C.fishermans D.fishermen 学生答案: D; 标准答 案: D b. A.excitedly B.excited C.excite
一、阅读理解（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1.Robert Bruce was a famous Scottish general. In the early 14th century he tried to drive the English out of Scotland, but he was not successful because the English were too strong. Finally, Bruce had to run away and hide in a cave. One day, he lay in his cave thinking of the sad state of Scotland. A spider began to make a web above his head. Simply to pass the time, Bruce broke the web. Immediately the spider began to make a new one. Six times Bruce broke the web and six times the spider immediately made a new one. Bruce was surprised at this. He told himself that he would break the web a 7th time. If the spider made a new one, it would be a good lesson to him, for like the spider, he had been defeated six times. Bruce then broke the web. Again the spider made a new one. From this simple fact, Bruce became encouraged. He again got an army together. This time he was successful and drove the English out of Scotland. 1. Who was Robert Bruce? A. He was an English general. B. He was a Scottish general. C. He was a spider researcher D. He was a biologist from Scotland. 2. Why did Bruce hide in a cave? A. Because he was defeated by the English. B. Because he was afraid of the English army. C. Because he was looking for spiders D. Because he was badly injured in the battle. 3. In the beginning he broke the spider web just because______.
北邮网络学院工商管理英语练习题答案 一、阅读理解（共1道小题，共25.0分） 1 (错误)People are so busy these days that many have no time to cook. This is a problem because many families love home cooking! A family meal brings everyone together. In some families, meals are often the only time everyone sees each other at the same time. Another reason people enjoy home cooking is that it is often a way of showing love. A parent who makes some cookies is not just satisfying a child's sweet tooth. She or he is sending a message. The message says, "I care about you enough to spend an hour making cookies that you will eat up in 15 minutes if I let you." There is also something about the smell of home cooking. The smell of home cooking pleases people of all ages. It makes most of us feel good and loved --- even if we are the ones doing the cooking! Next time you smell a cake being cooked, stop for a moment and pay attention to your mood（心情）. 1. Why do few people cook now? 1They have no time. 1They can buy food. 1Many people don?t like cooking. 1They d on?t like family meals. A parent spends an hour making cookies____. 1just to satisfy her or his child?s sweet tooth 1only to send a message 1to let a child eat up in 15 minutes 1often to show her or his love The writer thinks the smell of home cooking _____. 1makes us happy 1makes us be interested in cooking 1makes us pay attention to our mood 1makes us love others What?s the main idea of this passage? 1Family meals are important. 1How to make cookies. 1People are too busy to cook 1Homemade cookies taste better. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? 1There are quite a few reasons that people love home cooking. 1It becomes a problem that most families love home cooking. 1The smell of home cooking makes most of us feel good. 1 A family meal can bring the family members together. 试题分值：25.0 得分：[5, 5, 0, 5, 0] 提示：[1]A.细节题。本题问“为何现在没有多少人愿意下厨了?”中心词是“few people cook”。
大学英语网络教学现状及建议 摘要:目前,大学英语网络教学还存在着缺少必要的硬件保障、大多数网络课件不能适应网络学习的需求、传统教学模式仍然没有改变和教师对学生网络学习监督管理不到位等问题。为此,一要加强学习环境和硬件设施建设,保障学生自学效果;二要完善网络平台,满足学生需要;三要不断更新观念,促进教师角色转变。在英语网络教学过程中,要注意加强学生自主学习能力的培养提高,注意多媒体网络环境与人文环境的结合,还要注意不能忽视教师的介入作用。 关键词:英语;网络教学;现状;建议 伴随着计算机和全球网络技术的日益更新和普及,大多数高校在英语教学中已初步将传统的一块黑板、一本教材的教授方式逐步转变为多媒体课件的教学模式。这种图、文、声、像并茂的教学手段容易使学生产生浓厚的学习兴趣,但仍未完全建立以学生为中心的教学环境。教师基于自己对课程内容的分析和理解,通过现场翻译和课堂提问等方式对学生的英语学习和发展进行全盘的计划和安排,控制着整个课堂,而学生始终处于被动、接受地位,从而导致学生过分依赖教师的引导,缺乏自主学习能力。而基于网络的大学英语教学旨在将传统课堂教学与现代信息技术结合起来,实行网络课程和传统课堂的优势互补,针对不同起点的学生,加强自主学习能力的培养,注重个性差异,进行多样化、个性化教学,在学习过程中,学生可以利用巨大的网络资源库时空界限寻找自己需要的信息,并能够借助网络媒体进行师生及学生间的讨论以加深对知识的理解。同时教师也可以通过网络发布信息、布置任务、参与讨论、解答提问、接收作业和反馈信息等,给予学生相应的指导。 为了顺应高等教育的发展形势,新《大学英语课程教学要求》中明确指出,“各高等学校应充分利用现代信息技术,采用基于计算机和课堂的英语教学模式,改进以教师讲授为主的单一教学模式。新的教学模式应以现代信息技术,特别是网络技术为支撑,使英语的教与学可以在一定程度上不受时间和地点的限制,朝着个性化和自主学习的方向发展”。同时也指出,“教学模式改革成功的一个重要标志就是学生个性化学习方法的形成和学生自主学习能力的发展”。由此可看出,我国的大学英语教学将逐步过渡到基于网络的大学英语教学模式。 一、网络环境下大学英语教学的现状 1缺少必要的硬件保障 网络教学是基于计算机和网络的一种交互式教学手段,作为教学终端的一个重要环节——计算机,学生的个人拥有量不容乐观,大多数学生没有自己的电脑。虽然也可以通过网络中心或者网吧上网的方式弥补电脑拥有量的不足,然而在走访过程中发现,很少有同学愿意自己花钱去学习,上网也不过是为了满足娱乐需求,即使可以通过网络中心的英语学习平台来实现,又往往受限于时间和环境等客观因素,无法真正满足学生自主学习的要求。另外,调查显示超过67%的学生抱怨网
北邮大学英语3第二次阶段作业 一、完形填空（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1.Many years ago there was a poor man. He had an orange tree 1 his garden. On the tree there were many fine oranges. 2 he found one 3 his oranges was much bigger 4 the others. It was as 5 as a football. Nobody had ever seen 6 orange. The poor man took the orange to the king. The king was so happy ___7 __he gave the man a lot of money for it. When a rich man heard of it, he said to hi mself, “It's only an orange. Why has the king given so much money 8__ it? I'II take my gold cup to the king. He'll give me 9 money.” The next day when the king received the gold cup, he said to the rich man, 'What a beautiful cup! I'll show you __10__ , please take this great orange." a. A.on B.in C.over D.with 学生答案: B; 标准答 案: B b. A.One day B.Yesterday C.When D.This morning 学生答案: A; 标准答 案: A c. A.for B.in
一、阅读理解（共1道小题，共25.0分） 1. A pretty, well―dressed young lady stopped a taxi in a big square, and a said to the driver, "Do you see that young man at the other side of the square?" "Yes," said the taxi driver. The young man was standing outside a restaurant and looking impatiently (不耐烦地) at his watch every few seconds. "Take me over there," said the young lady. There were a lot of cars and buses in the square, so the taxi driver asked, "Are you afraid to cross the street?" "Oh, no!" said the young lady. "But I promised that I would meet the young man for lunch at one o' clock, and it is now a quarter to two. If I arrive in a taxi, it will at least seem as if I had tried not to be late." 1.How did the young woman get to the square? A.She arrived in a taxi. B.She drove there in a car. C.She got there by bus. D.The story doesn't tell us. 2.Why did the lady stop the taxi? A.Because she didn't want to be late for her appointment (约会). B.Because she wanted to get out of the taxi. C.Because she wanted to go to the restaurant in it. D.Because she was afraid of walking across the street. 3.The young man at the other side of the square_______. A.had probably been waiting for a long time B.had some problem with his watch C.was probably a waiter of the restaurant D.was someone the young lady didn't want to see 4.The young lady was_______. A.clever at making excuse B.not late at all C.45 minutes earlier D.15 minutes late 5.Had she tried not to be late? A.Yes, she had tried her best. B.No, she was just pretending that she had tried. C.Yes, she had tried but she was still late. D.No, she thought being late was better than being early.
山东大学研究生英语网络教学平台在线 阅读答案完整版 第一单元 1 Interconnected ; landscape ; conducive ; barrier ; foster ; brain drain ; account for ; suspended ; set off ; indigenous ; infrastructure ; trigger ; ethnic ; reverberated ; outperform ; permeated 2 which ; engage in ; concluded ; against; reacted; entered; controlling; it ; compromise; decree; as well as; subsidiaries 第二单元 1, F F F T T 2, h i a g b f e j d c 3, D B B CC D A AD B 4, N evertheless ; and ; points ; derives ; entire ; N or ; prepared ; that ; may ; were ; functions ; through ; just ; appointment ; extended ; along ; early ; which ; itself ; collection 第三单元 1 landscape ; outperform ; legitimizing ; downsizing ; polarize ; infrastructure ; sector ; fluctuating ; suspend ; potent
北邮大学英语2答案 【精选】
一、完形填空（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1.(错误) I first saw the baby panda when she was only 10 days old. She looked like a white mouse. We ____1___her Xi Wang. It means “hope”. When Xi Wang was born, she weighed____2___100 grams. Xi Wang drank her mothe r’s milk for as much as 14 hours a day. When she was six months old, she started to eat bamboo shoots (嫩芽) and ____3____. Eight months later, she was not a small baby any more. She grew into a____4___young panda and weighed 35 kilos. When Xi Wang was 20 months old, she had to look after herself _____5___ her mother had another baby. ____6_____, it is very difficult for pandas to live in the wild. Here are some of the _____7____that pandas like Xi Wang may have in the future. If hunters catch a panda, they will kill it for its fur. If farmers____8____trees and forests, pandas will have no place to live in. When mothers leave baby pandas alone, people will often take them away. People think that the baby pandas need ____9_____. If pandas are in danger, we should try our best to protect them. If we do____10_____, soon there will be no more pandas in the world!?? a. A.made B.called C.told D.kept 学生答案: B; 标准答 案: B b. A.quite
、完形填空（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1. Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 1 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, 2 reading material and giving out assignment. The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 3 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture with notes which do not catch the main points and 4 become hard even for the students to understand. Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skills they need to be 5 listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 6 learners to practice these skills independently. In all cases it is important to 7 the problem before actually starting your studies. It is important to acknowledge that most students have difficulty 8 acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of 9 these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the academic year. Another basic strategy is to find a study partner 10 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support. a. A. illustrating B. which C. wonders D. effective E. distributing 学生答人标准答A A; … A; 案：’案：’ b. A. illustrating B. which C. wonders D. effective E. distributing 学生答匚标准答匚 案：巳案：巳
UNIT 1 Explore1: Reading comprehension: a b a b a Dealing with vocabulary: a b a a a b Application: 1.To say is easier than to do. 2.Mary wanted to make a lot of money, buy stock, and retire early. 3.She stayed up late either studying her English or going to parties. Explore 2: Reading comprehension: b a d Dealing with vocabulary: interact compatible massive contrast criticize hesitant Unit test part1: 1.prevails 2.a variety of 3.interact 4.hanging out 5.scale 6.In contrast 7.crucial 8.engage 9.in person 10.directly part2: b a c b a a part3: 1.25岁时马克?扎克伯格已经在Facebook辛勤工作了五年。那一年，也就是2009年，公司首次实现了盈利，并且吸引了3亿用户。他当时非常激动，但还是说这只是一个开始。他在Facebook上写道”我们的目标是把每个人联系起来，而我们才刚刚开始。"第二年，他就被《时代》杂志评选为"年度人物"。 2.Owned by Chinese tech giant Tencent, WeChat is a mobile messaging service that boasts over 300 million active users. Many former Weibo users join in as new members because it offers comparatively private forms of communication. Like many other Chinese social media platforms, WeChat allows its users to send voice messages, share social moments, purchase virtual goods, and meet new people via a format similar to that of chat roulette. UNIT 2 Explore 1:
一、单项选择题（共20道小题，共100.0分）1Her brother ______ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order. 1declared 1threatened 1warned 1exclaimed 知识点:Vocabulary 学生答案:[B;]标准答案:B 得分:[5]试题分值: 5.0提示:2It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old.1take over 1think over 1hand over 1go over 知识点:Vocabulary 学生答案:[C;]标准答案:C 得分:[5]试题分值: 5.0提示:3The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ______ his notes. 1bringing up 1referring to 1looking for 1trying on 知识点:Vocabulary 学生答案:[B;]标准答案:B 得分:[5]试题分值: 5.0 提示: 4 With oil prices keeping ______, people are hesitating whether to buy a car or not.1 rising 1 arising 1raising 、管路敷设技术通过管线敷设技术不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范高中资料试卷问题，而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中，要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等，要求技术交底。管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等多项式，为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题，合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则：在分线盒处，当不同电压回路交叉时，应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理；同一线槽内，强电回路须同时切断习题电源，线缆敷设完毕，要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系，根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求，对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验；对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作；对于继电保护进行整核对定值，审核与校对图纸，编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案，编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案；对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题，作为调试人员，需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料，并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术，电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时，需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全，并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围，或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理，尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作，并且拒绝动作，来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此，电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术，要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时，需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。
√1. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking. 正确答案：A 题目注释 A . never to drive B . to never drive C . never driving D . never drive √2. She was glad to see her child well______________ . 正确答案：B 题目注释 A . take care of B . taken care of C . taken care D . taking care or √3. Don't let him ________ you_____for a long time. 正确答案：C 题目注释 A . to make, wait B . make, to wait C . make, wait D . to make, to wait √4. The sentence needs_____________ . 正确答案：C 题目注释 A . to improve B . improve C . improving D . improved √5. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to ________ in front of his soldiers. 正确答案：B 题目注释 A . hear B . be heard
C . listen D . be listened √6. Now the need_______ other people's language is becoming greater and greater. 正确答案：A 题目注释 A . to learn B . learning C . to be learned D . being learned √7. The police forbid ______ here. 正确答案：B 题目注释 A . park B . parking C . to park D . to be parked √8. My brother regretted _______ a lecture given by Professor Liu. 正确答案：A 题目注释 A . missing B . to miss C . missed D . being missed √9. We found many people________ in the meeting room. 正确答案：D 题目注释 A . seat B . seating C . to seat D . seated √10. My hometown is found __________. 正确答案：D 题目注释
新理念大学英语网络教学系统安装和使用常见问题解决方法 学习大厅的安装: 学习大厅的默认安装目录为 ，如果想更改学习大厅的安装目录，请点更改,如图所显示 ，请手写修改C为D或者其他想要装的盘，而C后面的东西不要删除和修改，如图所示
,这是修改后的安装界面 （如果是其他盘就把D换成其他字母） 注意：请不要将学习大厅直接安装在磁盘根目录下，或者在其他新建文件夹等汉字命名的文件夹里，这样会造成学习大厅无法更新从而听不到听力 3. 再点下一步，出现如图
所示的 安装界面。 请把里面的192.168.1.1改成我校服务器地址：202.116.47.192:88。然后一直点下一步，一直到安装完成。 4. 安装完成以后，第一次登陆时，如果前面没有第三步没有更改服务器地址会 出现如图所显示的问题 解决方法是在开始菜单，所有程序里找到学习大厅，打开客户端连接设置 , 把里面的内容改成http://202.116.47.192:88 测试通过以后就可以了。 注意：如果修改了服务器地址以后，还是无法连接服务器，请检查电脑的杀毒软
件的防火墙设置，关闭防火墙就可以了。 关于vista系统没有听力的解决方法： 1. 在开始菜单，所有程序，附件里找到记事本，右键点记事本，选择以管理员身份运行，打开一个空白记事本，然后用这个记事本去打开一个名叫update.exe.config的文件，默认安装目录下这个文件的位置是在c:/programfiles/sflep/npels learningcenter 4.0 里，注意把记事本打开文件界面的文本文档换成所有文件 打开后如图所显示