八年级英语下册第五单元知识点整理
一、重要词汇与句子
1、助动词do 用于条件状语从句或答语中起省略作用, 可使句子更简练、(1)--- I think I’m going to take the bus to the party 、
--- If you do , you’ll be late 、
(2) --- Do you like reading harry potter ?
--- No , I don’t 、But my sister does 、
2、have a good \ great \ wonderful time == have fun == enjoy oneself
玩得很高兴\ 过得很愉快
I had a good \ great \ wonderful time in the park yesterday 、
==I had fun in the park yesterday 、
== I enjoyed myself in the park yesterday 、
3、let sb、\ sth、in 让某人\ 某物进来
Why not let him in ?
You’d better open the windows and let some fresh air in 、
4、organize 动词, “组织, 安排, 筹备”
They are going to organize a picnic 、
organization 名词, “组织, 机构”
She works for a voluntary organization helping homeless people 、organizer 名词, “组织者, 建立者”
The organizers of the concert said they had a great success 、5、take away 拿走, 取走take ( an active ) part in (积极) 参加
take off 起飞, 脱下take …to …把…、、带到……
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事take a look ( at ) 瞧一瞧
take exercise 做运动take notes 做笔记
take a rest 休息take one’s temperature 量体温
take it easy 别着急, 别紧张take over 接管
6、a good time to do sth 做某事的好时间
March is a good time to plant trees 、
Autumn is a good time to travel 、
7、remind sb、of sth、提醒某人做某事
If I forget , please remind me to write to my mother 、
8、around the world == all over the world 在世界各地\ 全世界
Football is very popular around the world \ all over the world 、
His dream is to travel around china 、
9、make a living === for a living 谋生
In this city he drives a taxi to make a living \ for a living、
What does your father do to make a living \ for a living ?
make a living ( by ) doing sth 、以做某事谋生
The old man makes a living (by) hunting 、
10、提建议的句子
Why not do sth ? 为什么不做某事?
Why don’t you do sth ? 为什么不做某事?
What about \ how about doing ? 做某事怎么样?
Would you like to do sth ? 您想\ 愿意做某事不?
Shall we do sth ? 我们去做某事, 好不?
Let’s do sth , shall we ? 让我们做某事, 好不?
Do you want to do sth ? 您想去做某事不?
11、seem like sth 瞧起来像……
It seems like years since I last saw you 、自从我上次见到您以后, 好象就是过了好几年、Those cards seemed like many little flags 、那些卡片瞧起来好象许多小旗子。
Seem like doing sth 、瞧起来像做某事
He seemed like forgetting what had happened 、
12、chance 名词, “机会, 机遇”
We have\ get a good chance of winning the match 、
There is little chance of meeting him again 、
by chance = by accident 偶然地We met him by chance yesterday 、
take a chance on sth 、在……上冒险
you shouldn’t take a chance on that 、
13、all the time 总就是, 一直
They are singing the same song all the time 、
You can hear them talking and laughing all the time 、
He stayed at home all the time last night
其它短语: in time 及时on time 准时at times 有时
at that time 在那时at the same time 同时once upon a time 从前
as time goes on 随着时间地推移take one’s time 不着急
watch one’s time 等待时机
14、have a difficult time ( in ) doing sth、难于做某事, 做某事有困难
== have problems ( in) doing sth、
== have trouble ( in ) doing sth、
We have a difficult time working out the problem 、
They have some problems getting to the top of the mountain 、
15、against 介词, “反对, 不同意, 抵抗, 对抗, 对……不利”反意词for, “赞成”
There were 20 votes (票) for him and 12 against him 、
They sailed against the wind 、她们顶风航行、
You need to wear a coat against the cold 、您需要穿上外套防寒、
He is standing against the wall 、她靠墙站着、
He hit against a tree 、她撞到了树上、
We are going to play a basketball match against Class Two on Sunday 、
16、forget 忘记
forget sth 忘记某物forget to do sth 忘记去做某事
forget doing sth、忘记做了某事leave sth somewhere 把某物忘在某处
I forgot to turn off the light when I left、
I forgot telling him the message and told him again 、
--- Did you forget your homework ? --- Yes, I left it at home 、
17、in class 在课堂上, 上课时in the class 在班上, 在班里
We must listen to the teachers carefully in class 、
They can do some activities in class 、
There are 45 students in the class 、
18、too much 太多代替或修饰不可数名词, 或修饰动词
much many 太多代替或修饰可数名词
much too 太, 非常后接形容词或副词
He says too much but does little 、
there is too much rain in summer 、
I have too many rules at home 、
He has drunk too much and drives much too fast 、
19、exercise (1) 不可数名词, “锻炼, 练习”
A lot of exercise is good for your health 、
You need to do more exercise to keep health 、
(2 ) 可数名词, “体操, 运动”
We do morning exercises ( 早操) every day 、
Eye exercises ( 眼保操) are important to students 、
(3 ) 动词, “锻炼”how often do you exercise ?
20、can \ be able to
(1) can 没有人称的变化, 但有现在时can 与过去时could 两种时态
(2) be able to 有人称的变化, 也有现在时am\is\are able to,
过去时was\were able to 与一般将来时will be able to 的变化、
21、make ( a lot of ) money 挣(许多) 钱
22、get a (good ) education 接受(良好)教育
二、if引导的条件状语从句、
(一) if 引导的条件状语从句与主句时态的呼应、
1、如果主句就是一般将来时, 从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时、
(1) 从句就是肯定句, 主语就是第三人称单数时, 行为动词后面要加s \ es 、否则, 动词用原形、
(2) 从句就是否定句, 主语就是第三人称单数时, 用doesn’t + 行为动词原形、
否则, 用don’t + 行为动词用原形、
We’ll have a picnic if it doesn’t rain tomorrow 、
If it rains , I will stay at home 、
I’ll go with you if you don’t want to go alone 、
If we have the party today , half the class won’t come 、
2、如果主句含有must , may , can 等情态动词, 从句也用一般现在时、
If you drive too fast , you may have an accident 、
You must stop if the traffic light is red 、
3、如果主句就是祈使句, 从句也用一般现在时、
Be careful with your homework if you don’t want to make mistakes 、
(二) if引导条件状语从句与if引导宾语从句时的区别、
1、if引导宾语从句时, 表示“就是否, 时不就是”、位于及物动词之后、
if引导条件状语从句时, 表示“假如, 如果” , 位于句首或句末
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow 、if he comes , I’ll call you 、
2、在if引导的宾语从句中, 如果主句就是一般现在时, 宾语从句的时态根据需要确定; 如果
主句就是一般过去时, 宾语从句也要用过去的时态、
而在if引导的条件状语从句中, 要用一般现在时、
I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow 、
He asked if I could help him 、
I can help you if I am free
(三) if引导的条件状语从句练习题
选择题1、--I hear Anna will give up learning the piano 、
--- If she ______ , her parents will be mad at her 、
A、will
B、does
C、do
D、is
2、–I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week 、
---Really ? ________ he comes , my younger sister will be very happy 、
A、if
B、until
C、unless
D、before
3、I bet Mr black will come to help us if he _______ too busy tomorrow 、
A、is
B、will be
C、won’t be
D、isn’t
选词填空1、What ________ ( will \ would ) happen if they miss the bus ?
2、If we have the meeting tomorrow , he _____ ( do, will ) not come 、
3、If we watch a video , I __________ ( am \ will be ) bored 、
4、Let’s go hiking if it ________ ( doesn’t \ won’t ) rain on Sunday 、
5、Can you tell me if it _________ ( will rain \ rains ) tomorrow 、
仿照例句把两句合为一句、
1、You think you’re going to visit New York city 、
You will see some tall buildings 、
--- If you visit New York city, you’ll see some tall buildings 、
2、You are going to eat and drink more 、You will be fatter 、
3、They are going to do more exercise 、Their health will be better 、
4、You are going to let me watch TV 、I will stay at home 、
5、Chinese team are going to be champions 、I will be very excited 、