Unit 7 Learning about English
I. Teaching plan
1. Objectives
Students will be able to:
1). grasp the main idea (because of its tolerance for outside influence, English has become
a great language) and structure of the text;
2). understand some idiomatic English usages mentioned in the unit;
3). master key language points and structures in the text;
4) conduct a series of reading, speaking, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the text.
※listen to the tape and answer the questions
1). ---- What is the passage about?
English is a great language, but it is also a crazy language.
2). ----What’s your impression on the English language?
3). ----Can you give one or two examples to illustrate the messiness of the English language?
eggplant (no egg in it) pineapple(no pine, no apple )
hamburger (no ham in it) English muffin(small thick round beadlike cake, usu.
Eaten hot with butter)
French fries sweetmeat (not meat) sweetbread (no sweat, an organ from a sheep or young cow)
Parkway: a wide road divided by or bordered with an area of grass and trees Driveway: drive, connects a garage with a street
Ship by truck: send
send cargo by ship: a large boat
a slim chance and a fat chance means the same
a wise guy: who pretends to be wise, derogatory term
a wise man: a really wise person, commendatory term
oversee: supervise, control
overlook: neglect
quite a lot and quite a few mean the same
hot as hell: extremely hot
cold as hell: extremely cold
the house burns up: catch fire
the house burns down: be destroyed
fill in a form and fill out a form mean the same
alarm clock goes off: start an action usually accompanied by great noise
alarm clock goes on: continue doing sth
the stars are out: visible
the lights are out: invisible
wind up the watch:
wind up my speech
※other language points in this part
1) one of the noblest body of literature
body: large amount of
a body of information
The oceans are large bodies of water
2) nonetheless: nevertheless, in spite of that
4. while-reading tasks
1) interpretation of the title The Glorious Messiness of English
Here a rhetorical device called oxymoron (apparently contradictory terms are combined to produce a special effect用不相调和甚至截然相反的特征来形容一项事物) is used. Similar examples are:
my male mother, mortal friend, a woman of devastating beauty, creative destruction
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.
She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile.
When the news of failure came, all his friends said it was a victorious defeat.
2) The text can be divided into three parts. Students scan the first sentence of each paragraph in Text A to find out where the present tense is switched to the past tense and where the present tense is resumed.
5. Exercises
Synonyms:
want and wish
Want is more formal, often used in conversation. For example, You may leave if you wish. Wish to do sth and want to do sth have the same meaning, but wish to do is formal and want to do is oral. Want sb to do sth and wish is often followed by a that clause. And we also have wish sb sth.
I wish you both a very pleasant journey.
Ann, I am sorry. I wish I had never said that to you.
My parents want me to give you their best regards.
We do not want\wish to waste our money on such worthless things.
skin and hide
skin is the natural layer of human or animal body. It also refers to natural out cover of some fruits and vegetables, for example, a tiger skin(leather or fur), banana skin or onion skin; a sausage skin, sheep skin jacket, etc. Hide refers to animal’s skin bought or used for sth, informal. Sometimes jocularly it refers to human skin, too.
This is the best lotion I’ve ever known for skin care.
“I am sorry I called you a pig.” “My hide\skin is thick enough; it didn’t bother me.”
This pair of boots is made of buffalo hide. They are very durable.
I don’t need a knife; I can peel the skin off with my fingers.
raise and rear
Raise commonly used in America. Usual collocations are raise the fruit, vegetable, cattle, wheat. That is to say we can raise both people and other things. But in British English, we rear cattle and grow wheat. Raise also means to make oneself better.
The male bird helps the female to raise\rear the young.
You cannot raise corn here. The climate is not right for it.
The couples agreed that to raise\rear the children properly they need two incomes.
He worked hard to raise himself from poverty.
Royal, kingly and sovereign
Royal refers to sth connected with or belonging to a king or queen and something suitable for a king or queen, very impressive, for example, royal power, royal visit, royal welcome. Kingly means something good enough for a king, typical for a king, for example, a kingly feast. Sovereign means sth highest or independent and self-governing, for example, sovereign power(至高的权利), sovereign state（主权国家）.
The British royal family has been the focus of media attention in recent weeks.
The young man’s kingly\royal bearing has won him many admirers.
When did India gain its independence and become a sovereign state?
With his health restored, he is now ready to resume his kingly\royal duties.
Usage
Position of connecting adverbs
Connecting adverbs refers to adverbs or adverb phrases that indicate a connection between one clause or sentence and another. They are usually put at the beginning of the clause or sentence, or after the subject. A few can be used in end position. Several others like however can go in all three positions.
Fill in each gap in the following sentences with an appropriate adverb or adverb phrase from the box below.
⑴. Mathew contributed generously to our project. _____________, we would not have been successful without him.
⑵. It’s hard work.. I enjoyed it, __________.
⑶. “ What do you think of my hair?” “_____________, dear, it’s a disaster.”
⑷She saw that there was a man following her all the way. ______________, he was observing her strangely.
⑸. You must be mistaken. _____________, Steve did not make those comments.
⑹. We did not achieve our goal. This, __________, does not mean that our efforts have been wasted.
⑺. I missed the train, but I arrived on time for the meeting _____________.
⑻. No one believed my story. __________ it couldn’t be truer. It is exactly what I saw with my own eyes.
⑼. I ordered coffee, but the waiter served me tea _____________.
⑽. You haven’t answered my question; _____________, you disapprove of my proposal, don’t you?
Structure
Must can be used to express a strong belief as in the following models.
must be ------something is happening
must have done----- something has happened
⑴. We are literally crawling. There must be some traffic accident ahead.
⑵. Thomas sounds very knowledgeable about traditional Chinese medicine. He must have had special training.
⑶. The draft document is complete in virtually every detail. It must have taken him months to prepare it.
⑷. Kathy must have missed the train. She should have arrived here two hours ago.
⑸. What? It cost you one thousand dollars to fill a hollow tooth? You must be overstating\ exaggerating!
Be supposed to 应该
我们进超市前应该存包吗？
Are we supposed to deposit our bags before entering the supermarket?
宇宙飞船应该于尽早十点四十在火星着陆。
The spaceship is supposed to land on Mars at 10:40 this morning.
作为出租车司机，你应该知道怎样换轮胎。
As a taxi driver, you are supposed to know how to change a tire.
医院里的护士应该照顾好病人。
The nurses in the hospital are supposed to take good care of the patients.
6. Writing strategy
Information transfer图表作文
To transfer information into written or spoken language from a graph or chart, we need first of all decide what it is about. Then we must find out what is the general information the graph gives. After that, we may go into details and make observation or comparisons about some specifics that are worth our attention.
写作模板——图表式作文
It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years （as X varies）。At the point of X1，Y reaches its peak＆#118alue of…（多少）。
What is the reason for this change？Mainly there are…（多少）reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all，…（第一个原因）。More importantly，…（第二个原因）。Most important of all，…（第三个原因）。
From the above discussions，we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time （if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势）。Suggested composition
The Average Family Income and Expenses in the U. S.
1980 1985
Income $12000 $16000
Expenses Food 18% 22%
Housing 25% 32%
Medical 10% 12%
Entertainment 7% 7%
Savings 5% 5%
Others 35% 23%
Write your composition to
(1) state the general information
(2) compare the information in 1980 and in 1985
(3) draw a conclusion
Ⅱ. Text analyses
The title, The Glorious Messiness of English Language, offers a good example of oxymoron. An oxymoron puts two contradictory terms together to puzzle the reader, luring him or her to pause and explore why.
The author employs many metaphors, such as core of English, a common parent language, another flood of new vocabulary, the special preserve of grammarians.In paragraph 18, there is an instance of sustained metaphor: the cultural soil, the first shoots sprang up…grew stronger, build fenc es around their language. In this case the English language is compared to plants, and the various cultures influencing it are
compared to soil, while users of English are compared to gardeners.
We can also find parallelism in the quote from Winston Churc hill:” We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender.”
There is personification in the sentence “translation of Greek and Rome cl assics were poured onto the printed page”
There is metonymy in the sentence” The country now has three languages: French for the nobles, Latin for the churches and English for the common people.” Here the word “churches” stands for religious institutions a nd those who are involved in religious practices.
Ⅲ. Cultural Notes
Winston Churchill
Churchill took a leading part in laying the foundations of the welfare state in Britain, in preparing the Royal Navy for World War I, and in settling the political boundaries in the Middle East after the war. In WORLD WAR II emerged as the leader of British nation to resist the German domination of Europe, as an inspirer of the resistance among free peoples, and as a prime architect of victory.
His dominant qualities were courage and imagination. Less obvious to the public, but no less important, was his powerful, original, and fertile intellect. The artistic side of his temperament was displayed in his writings and oratorical style, as well as in his paintings. He was a combination of soldier, writer, artist, and statesman. Like Julius Caesar, he stands out not only as a great man of action, but as a writer of it too.
On May 10, 1940, in the midst of disasters, Churchill was called to supreme power and he really was chosen by the will of the nation. For the next five years, perhaps the most heroic period in Britain's history, he held supreme command, as prime minister and minister of defense, in the nation's war effort. At this point his life and career became one with Britain's story and its survival.
On Oct. 26, 1951, at the age of 77, he again became prime minister. Churchill's later years were relatively tranquil. On April 9, 1963, he received, by special act of the U.S. Congress, the unprecedented honor of being made an honorary American citizen. When he died in London on Jan. 24, 1965, at the age of 90, he was acclaimed as a citizen of the world, and on January 30 he was given the funeral of a hero.
Ⅳ. Language study
1. massive:
1) Consisting of or making up a large mass; bulky, heavy, and solid
E.g. a massive piece of furniture. 一件大而重的家具
2) Large or imposing in quantity, scope, degree, intensity, or scale:宏伟的,给人印象深刻的
E.g.“Local defense must be re inforced by the further deterrent of massive retaliatory
power”(John Foster Dulles)
“必须通过威慑大规模报复势力来加强地方防御能力”(约翰·福斯特·杜勒斯)
2. snack
1)A hurried or light meal.点心,仓促的少量的饭菜
2)Food eaten between meals.在正餐之间吃的东西
3) V.intr.（不及物动词）To eat a hurried or light meal.
吃快餐：吃一顿仓促的或少量的饭菜
3. corrupt vt. to destroy or subvert the honesty or integrity of.使变坏；使腐败;抄［印］错,转述错（文献、原词等）讹用,贿赂,收买,搀杂
E.g. The businessman was sent to prison for trying to corrupt a tax official with money. corrupt the child corrupt a policeman with money
You are corrupted at heart. 你心术不正。
The text was corrupted by careless copyists. 原文因抄写员粗心而有讹误。
The manuscript is so corrupt that parts of it make no sense at all.
4. ban vt. -nn- （法律上）禁止to prohibit, especially by official decree.
E.g. Smoking is banned in school. 在学校禁止吸烟。
n. 禁止
E.g. There is a ban on smoking. 有一个禁烟令。
5. invent
1)to produce or contrive (something previously unknown) by the use of ingenuity or imagination发明：运用智谋或想象生产或设计（以前未知的东西）
E.g. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
2) to make up; fabricate: 捏造；虚构：
invent a likely excuse. 编造似真的借口
He invented an ingenious excuse for his absence.
6. fascinating adj. possessing the power to charm or allure; captivating.
魅惑的：具有迷人或诱惑的力量；有魅力的
E.g. a fascinating shop window display 吸引人的商店橱窗陈列
7. tolerance
1)The capacity for or the practice of recognizing and respecting the beliefs or practices of others.
宽容；忍耐力：承认并尊重他人的信仰或行为的能力或行动
E.g. Try and show some tolerance.
2)The capacity to endure hardship or pain. 忍受困难和痛苦的能力
E.g. Many old people have a very limited tolerance to\of cold.
the government’s tolerance for\towards\of
8. necessity
1) the condition or quality of being necessary. 需要
E.g. Out of necessity or out of interest, people go back to school for the common goal - to
improve themselves.
不管是出于需要,还是出于兴趣爱好,人们重返学校是为了一个共同的目标,就是提高自己。
2) something necessary, 必需品
E.g. Food and clothing are necessities of life. 食物和衣服都是生活的必需品。
3) pressing or urgent need, especially that arising from poverty.贫穷，贫困
E.g. She is now in necessity. 她现在很穷。
of necessity: as an inevitable consequence; necessarily. 无法避免的；必然地
9. arouse
1) to stimulate or create interest, to stir up; excite, provoke激起；唤起：
E.g. The odd sight aroused our curiosity.
The man was very suspicious-looking and he aroused concern
2) to awaken from or as if from sleep.叫醒：唤醒或像是从睡梦中唤醒
E.g. Mom aroused me from sleep every morning.
10. surrender
1) to relinquish possession or control of to another because of demand or compulsion投降
E.g. Surrender to the enemy? We will die first.
“No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted” (Ulysses S. Grant).
“除去无条件立即投降，其它条件一概无法接受” （尤利西斯S·格兰特）。
2) to give up in favor of another.让与,为他人的利益而放弃
11. invade
1)To enter by force in order to conquer or pillage.侵略：以武力进入以便征服或掠夺
E.g. Before they could attack they needed to decide upon the plan about how they could invade the country.
The enemy troops are ready to invade.
2) The town was invaded by a crowd of tourists.这个城市涌来了一批游客。
3) to invade another person's rights 侵害他人的权益
12. resemble v.tr.（及物动词）to exhibit similarity or likeness to.相似
E.g. She resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.
He strongly resembles his father.
13. descend
1)to move from a higher to a lower place; come or go down.从较高的地方移到较低的地方
E.g. He descended from the top of the mountain.
2)To slope, extend, or incline downward 向下倾斜，向下延伸：
E.g. “A rough path descended like a steep stair into the plain”(J.R.R. Tolkien)
“一条坎坷不平的小路象陡峭的楼梯一样向下延伸入平原”(J.R.R.托尔金)
3)to come from an ancestor or ancestry:遗传下来，传下：来自祖先：
E.g. She was descended from a pioneer family.
4)To come down from a source; derive: 来自；来源于；起源于
E.g. He (is) descended from a good family.
Men are descended from ape-men.
5)To pass by inheritance: 继承：通过遗产传递：
E.g. The house has descended through four generations.
14. establish
1)to set up; found
E.g. The Minister established a commission to suggest improvements in the educational system.
The club has established a new rule allowing women to join.
2) To bring about; generate: 带来，招致：带来；引起：
E.g. establish goodwill in the neighborhood.
3) to establish the truth of a story 确定；证实
E.g. It has long been established that many human serious diseases are carried by insects.
15. drift
1) to be carried along by currents of air or water: 被气流或水流携带：
E.g. a balloon drifting eastward; as the wreckage drifted toward shore.
2) to proceed or move unhurriedly and smoothly:随意移动：从容平稳地前进或移动：
E.g. drifting among the party guests.
3) to move leisurely or sporadically from place to place, especially without purpose or regular employment:漂泊：或不定期地从一个地方到另一个地方，尤指无目的或无固定职业地：
a day laborer, drifting from town to town.
临时工从一个城镇漂泊到另一个城镇
16. conquer
1)to defeat or subdue by force, especially by force of arms.用武力击败或征服，尤指用军事力量
2)克服
E.g. scientists battling to conquer disease;
Modern medical science has conquered many diseases.
a singer who conquered the operatic world.
3) to overcome or surmount by physical, mental, or moral force以体力、脑力或道德力量克服超
E.g. I finally conquered my fear of heights. 我终于克服了我的惧高症参见
conquer shyness战胜羞怯conquer bad habits克服不良习惯the conquered被征服者，败者
Man can conquer nature.人定胜天。
17. alternative
n.抉择；选择余地
E.g. I wanted to go out, but I had no money. I had no alternative to staying at home.
We have no alternative but to go on.
There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.
adj. 两者择一的
E.g. The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.
18. modify
1) to change in form or character; alter.更改；修改
E.g. The equipment may be modified to produce VCD sets.
2) to qualify or limit the meaning of修饰，限制（意义）
E.g. Adjectives modify nouns.
Summer modifies day in the phrase a summer day.
19. source
1) the point at which something springs into being or from which it derives or is obtained.
E.g. the source of knowledge
2) the point of origin, such as a spring, of a stream or river
E.g. the sources of the Nile 尼罗河的发源地
3) one, such as a person or document, that supplies information提供消息的某人或文件：
E.g. A reporter is only as reliable as his or her sources.
记者就象一个他或她的消息提供者一样可靠
The news comes from a reliable source. 这条消息来源可靠。
informed sources 消息灵通人士
4)human and non-human sources 人力物力资源source language 源语historical sources 史料
20. fortunately.幸运地
E.g. Fortunately the train was on time.幸好火车按时到达。
"Fortunately, the planes appear to be quite safe."
fortunate
a fortunate star吉星the fortunate幸运者be born under a fortunate star生来有福
Ⅴ.Phrases
1. snack bar快餐柜
2. hit parade流行唱片目录
3. to a (very real, certain, etc) extent从…程度上说
E.g. To some extent, having something to is better than having nothing.
4. out of control脱离控制
E.g. The situation has been out of control for a long time.
5. put into practice将…付诸实施
E.g. We should put what we have learned into practice.
6. to name a few仅举几例
E.g. Tropical fruits include banana, mongo, to name a few.
7. in transition在过渡时期
E.g. We founded a new country in 1949. In the following time, we should some effective measures in transition.
8. rid oneself of使自己摆脱
E.g. It is hard to rid yourself of your bad habit.
Unit 7 Will people have robots? 短语归纳 on computer在电脑上on paper在纸上live to d o 200 years old活动200岁 free time空闲时间in danger处于危险之中on the earth在地球上 play a part in sth.参与某事space station太空站l ook for寻找 computer programmer电脑编程员in the future在未来hundreds of许多；成百上千 the same…as…与……一样over and over again多次；反复地get bored感到厌烦的wake up醒来fall d own倒塌will+动词原形将要做…… fewer/more+可数名词复数更少/更多……l ess/more+不可数名词更少/更多…… have to d o sth.不得不做某事agree with sb.同意某人的意见 such+名词（词组）如此……play a part in d oing sth. 参与做某事 There will be + 主语+其他将会有…… There is/are +sb./sth.+d oing sth.有……正在做某事 make sb. d o sth. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事try to do sth. 尽力做某事It’s+ adj.+for sb. to d o sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。 语法讲解 21. Books will only be on computers, not on paper. 书将只在电脑里，而不是 在纸上。 (u.n)纸：a piece of paper 一张纸 The paper is too small. Coul d you give me a big piece ？ The stud ents are busy d oing their papers. 22. There will be more pollution. 将会有更多的污染。 1). There will be + n = There is/are going to be + n 将会有…(不能 have与连用) There is going to be a football match this Friday. 2). pollution(u.n): 污染；公害pollute(v)：污染；弄脏polluted(adj)：受污染的 23. Everyone shoul d play a part in saving the earth. 每个人应该参与挽救地球。 部分；参加；零件；器官some parts of the machine；every part of the body. 参加；参与= take part in … play a part in (d oing) sth. 在…起作用/有影响= play a rol e in… 24. I’ll fly rockets to the moon.= I’ll go to the moon by rocket. 我将乘火箭 去月球。 苍蝇 (鸟、飞机等)飞I want to fly up into the sky. (v) 使(飞机等)飞行；驾驶I’ll fly (the spaceship) to
汉译英 Unit1 1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充足的准备，你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。（no matter how） No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech ，you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关系吉米一样，吉米也关系他们（just as） Just as all his sister ’ s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them 3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码，以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。（track down）Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。（tell on） If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。（on one’s own） Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。（reckon with） Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. Unit2 1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪 The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 2.总体看来，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。 All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron . 3正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化。 No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 4.考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。 Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 5.服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并立刻咨询医生。 If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible. 6.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem. Unit3 1.在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的。 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional. 2..教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划，他们就得面对新计划所带给他们的压力。 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them. 3.从长远看，大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one ’ s study after graduatin g from university instead of going to work directly. 4.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally. 5.据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。
八年级英语Unit 7 ，Topic 2导学案 一、重要句子 1.Would you mind if we learn to make it from you? Michael did best of all. 2.Practice makes perfect. Help yourself to some soup. 3.It's impolite to eat so noisily 4.I don't know if it's polite in Japan. 5.It's polite to do that. If you go to a formal western dinner party for the first time, you'd better know about western table manners. 6.It's polite to eat up the food on your plate. 7.When you drink to somebody, you'd better raise your glass and take only a sip. 8.Remember not to drink too much. 9.People around the world have different eating habits. 10.Do you know if people in the south of China often eat noodles? 11.Yes, I think so. No, I don't think so. 四、重要知识点if /whether 引导宾语从句时指“是否”如： 1. I don’t know if/whether it's polite in Japan. 2. Could you tell me if/whether it’s polite to speak loudly at the table? 3. Do you know whether or not it's impolite to smoke during a meal in France. 练习：1. I don’t know ____ he is right or not. A. that B. whether C. if 2. I don’t know ____ it’s polite or not to eat with our arms or elbows on the table in America. A. if B. whether C. that 3. ---Would you mind if I learn English from you? ---__________. I am very glad to teach you. A. Of course not. B. You’d better not. C. Sounds great. Whether/if 引导的宾语从句的一般疑问句及其答语 Eg: Can you tell me if/whether Chen Xueping and Chen Xiaoyan did well in the English exam? Yes, I think so. No, I don't think so. 形容词副词比较级和最高级 But I think you did better than me. Wow, Michael did best of all. Zheng Y unyun is tall. Zheng Weizhong is taller than him. Zheng Weizhong is the tallest of all. 练习：Which one goes ____, the car, the train or the plane? 1. A. fast B. faster C. fastest 2.Whether 或if的区别 1.Whether引导的宾语从句可以移到句首，if则不能。 练习：I can't say whether this is true or not.= this is true or not, I can't say. 这是不是真的，我不敢说。 2.介词之后的宾语从句，用whether，不用if。 练习：I'm interested in she likes English.我感兴趣的是她是否喜欢英语。 3.不定式前用whether,不用if。 练习：She asked me to start early.她问我是否早点出发。 4.If 除了意为“是否”，还有“如果，假如”之意，用在条件状语从句中。 练习：He is going to Beijing it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，他打算去北京。 I．选择题1. It is very kind him to help others.
Reading comprehension 1略 2 BDCAC AADBB Vocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 Reading comprehension 1略 2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary 1. Creating Compound Words
人教版新课标八年级上册英语Unit7知识 点归纳 人教版新课标八年级上册英语Unit 7知识点归纳 Unit 7 Hw d yu ake a banana ilk shake? 【复习目标】 ●学会询问和描述一种食物的制作过程 ●学习询问和描述做一件事情的过程 ●能够依据指示语做事情 ●区分可数名词和不可数名词 【语言目标】 ● Hw d yu ake a banana ilk sthie? First, peel the bananas and ut it up. then put the ilk int the blender.... ● Hw any bananas d we need? e need three bananas. 【语言结构】 ●祈使句 / 可数名词和不可数名词 ● Hw uh / Hw any引导的特殊疑问句 【重点词汇】 ● turn n, ut up, peel, pur, put, ix up,/ hw uh, hw any, aunt ● ilk sthie, ygurt watereln, ingredient, saue,
pprn ● blender, teaspn, up,/ first, then, next ● sandwih, lettue, relish, turkey, bread 【应掌握的词组】 1. ake a banana sthie 制作香蕉混合饮料(思木西) 2. peel the bananas 剥香蕉 3. ut up the bananas切碎香蕉 4. pur the ilk in the blender 将牛奶倒入搅拌器 5. turn n the blender 打开搅拌器电 6. put the ygurt in the blender将酸奶放入搅拌器 7. turn ff 关上,(turn n 打开) turn up旋大（灯火等），开大（煤气等）调高（声音等），turn dwn 把（灯火、电器等）关小一点 8. hw uh innan多少肉桂 9. ne teaspn f innan 一茶匙肉桂 10. ake fruit salad 制作水果沙拉 11. tw piees f bread 两片面包 12. ix it all up 将它们混合在一起 14. turkey slies 火鸡肉片, a slie f bread一片面包 13. takes turns ding sth, take turns t d sth.=d sth. in turns 轮流做某事
新视野大学第三版book1英语课后翻译答案 Unit1 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage”. His words and life story were recorded in The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analectshas had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years’traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius’thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community. Unit2 圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在12月25日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞接风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。 According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival-the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival activities is to enjoy the moon. On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival, all expressing people’s love and hope for a happy life. Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.
初中英语七年级下册导学案 七下Unit 7 Comic strip and Welcome to the unit 学案 一、朗读生词并理解其意思。 二、翻译下列短语和句子。 1. 当心______ 2. 植树_________ 3. 给某人让座____ 4. 探望敬老院___ 5. 为-----付款_____ 6. 最需要----- _______________ 7. 清理公园__________________ 8. 将----寄给_______________ 三、根据句意，中文提示完成单词。 1. I (相信)our football team will win. 2. On March 12th every year, people in China (栽种)trees all over the country. 3.People have different (能力).Some people use them to help others. 4.Tom likes (收集)stamps. It’s his hobby. 5.Jack is one of the (成员)of the Helping Hands Club. 6.The little students always give the (座位)to the old people on the bus. 四．从对话中找出下列问题的答案。 1)Is Eddie Superdog ? 2) Can he fly? 3) What does Hobo say when Eddie wants to fly ? 4)Why does he say that? 五、找搭档分角色朗读80页对话。 六．看图思考：（81页）。 1.Where are the boy and the old man? 2.What do they want to do? 3. Is the boy helping the old man? 七．模仿对话编写新对话。
Unit 7 The Joy of Travel Transformative Travel Twenty-five years ago I felt like a wreck. Although I was just 23, my life already seemed over. The future appeared as much like a wasteland as the emptiness I could see while looking back to the past. I felt lost, without choices, without hope. I was stuck in a job I hated and trapped in an engagement with a woman I didn't love. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was the fantasy of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than the reality. I decided to take a class just for the entertainment value. It happened to be an introductory counseling course, one that involved personal sharing in the group. We were challenged to make commitments publicly about things we would like to change in our lives, and in a moment of pure impulsiveness, I declared that by the next class meeting I was going to quit my job and end my engagement. A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached, excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next. I needed some kind of transition from my old life to a new one, a sort of ritual that would help me to transform myself from one person into another. So I did something just as impulsive as my previous actions: I booked a trip for a week in Aruba. In spite of what others might have thought, I was not running away from something but to something. I wanted a clean break, and I knew I needed to get away from my usual environment and influences so as to think clearly about where I was headed. Once settled into my room on the little island of Aruba, I began my process of self-change. I really could have been anywhere as long as nobody could reach me by phone and I had the peace and quiet to think about what I wanted to do. I spent the mornings going for long walks on the beach, the afternoons sitting under my favorite tree, reading books and listening to tapes. Probably most important of all, I forced myself to get out of my room and go to meet people. Ordinarily shy, I now decided that I was someone who was perfectly capable of having a conversation with anyone I chose. Since nobody knew the "real" me, the way I had always been, I felt free to be completely different. It took me almost a year to pay off that trip, but I am convinced that my single week in Aruba was worth three years in therapy. That trip started a number of processes that helped me to transform myself. This is how I did it: I created a mindset that made me ready for change. I expected that big things were
八年级下英语UNIT 7自我测试一、单词听写 1.平方；正方形 n________ 2.米；公尺 n________ 3.深的；纵深的 adj________ 4.沙漠 n_______ 5.人口；人口数量n_______ 6.亚洲 n_________ 7.随便做某事_______ 8.旅行；旅游 n v______ 9.旅行者；观光者 n________ 10.墙 n__________ 11.令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜的adj 12.古代的；古老的adj______ 13.保护；防护 v_______ 14.宽的；宽阔的 adj_______ 15.就我所知______ 16.成就；成绩 n_________ 17.西南的；西南方向的adj_____ 18.厚的；浓的 adj_______ 19.包括；包含 v________ 20.极冷的；冰冻的adj_______ 21.条件；状况 n________ 22.吸入；呑入体 ________ 23.实现目标；成功 v________ 24.挑战；考验 v n_______ 25.面对（问题、困难等）______ 26.达到；完成；成功 v____ 27.力；力量 n_______ 28.自然界；大自然 n________ 29.即使；虽然_______ 30.大海；海洋 n_______ 31.太平洋________ 32.厘米________ 33.重量是；称..的重量 v______ 34.出生；诞生；n________ 35.出生时________ 36.到达（某数量、程度）；至多；有不少于________ 37.成年的；成人的 adj 成人；成年动物n________ 38.竹子 n__________ 39.濒危的adj_________ 40.研究；调查 n v 41.饲养员；保管人 n 42.醒着 adj 43.激动；兴奋n 44.走路时撞着 45.绊倒 46.疾病；病 n 47.遗留的；剩余的 adj 48.大约 49.图片；插图 n 50.野生的adj 51.政府；阁 n 52.鲸 n 53.油；食用油；石油 n 54.保护；保卫 n 55.巨大的；极多的adj 二、短语过关 1. as big as…… 2. one of the oldest countries 3. feel free to do sth. 4. as far as I know 5. man-made objects 6. part of... ...... 7. the highest mountain 8. in the w world 9. any other mountain 10. of a all the salt lakes 11. run along 12. freezing weather
【学习目标】 1:正确使用选择疑问句的提问和回答以及情态动词can： 2.谈论会做和不会做的事情：（1）I can only sing English songs. （2）I can’t sing Chinese songs. 3.掌握字母n及字母组合oo, oi, oy, nk, ng的读音和拼写规则。 【预习达标】短语过关 弹钢琴___________________ 跳迪斯科__________________ 表演芭蕾舞_______________ take photos________________ make model planes ____________ draw pictures_____________ have a good time___________ 还有什么?________________ 【课堂笔记】 1. Oh, do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs? 你想唱英文歌曲还是中文歌曲？ 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是指提供两种或以上的情况以供对方选择的疑问句，分为： 一般疑问句形式：---Are you a teacher or a worker ? --- I am a worker. 特殊疑问句形式：How shall we go ，____________or______________？ 我们是乘坐公共汽车还是飞机？ 基本结构：一般疑问句+or+对照选择项Do you like tea or milk? 特殊疑问句+A选择项+B选择项What color do you like, red or pink? 2.I can only sing English songs. can 是情态动词，表能力，没有人称和数的变化 （1）陈述句：I can /can not play the piano. （2）一般疑问句：Can you sing an English song? （3）特殊疑问句：What can she do at the meeting? 单项选择： 1）. She can sing but she _____ dance. A. can B. can’t C. doesn’t 2）. Maria can _______ ballet. A. to perform B performs C. perform 3）.---Can you dance? ---______. A. Yes, I can. B. N o, I can. C. Yes, I can’t 句型转换: 1）. I can sing English songs.(一般问句）_______ you________ English songs? 2）. Lucy can ride a bike.(提问）_______ can Lucy ________? 3）. His uncle can draw .(否定句) His uncle _______ _________. 【学习目标】 2. 能够用can/can’t表示能的有关程度，如：She can do it a little/very well. 3. 能够熟练使用表达自我意愿的表达方式。 【预习达标】词组、句型过关 1.take the flowers to ______________ 2. count sth. for sb._____________ 3. do… very well __________________ 4. 你能给我数一数吗?______________________ 5. 你真聪明! ______________________ 6. 你还会做什么?_________________ 【课堂笔记】 1. I’d like to take these flowers to the party. 我想带这些鲜花去参加聚会。 take sb. /sth. To …意为“带某人/某物去……” My father often takes me to the zoo. 我父亲常带我去动物园。 2．I can not count so many flowers. (1) count数He ca n count from one to one hundred. (2) 如此多: so many +可数名词复数so much+不可数名词 There are __________ buses on the road. There is ___________ rain this year. 3、 She can do it a little /very well. (1) a little 一点儿 very well 非常好表程度，修饰动词 not…at all 一点也不 (2) well 副词，修饰动词She can sing very well. 形容词，专指身体好---How are you ? ---- I am very well. good 形容词，表事物或人的品行好Mr. Wang is a good teacher , he teaches very well. I. 用can/can’t 填空 A cat ____ climb trees. But it _____ swim .A fish _____ walk , but it _____ swim very well . A pig ____ walk, but it _____ climb trees well. What _____ you do? Can you write them down? II.单选 （）1. I would like ______ a photo of you. A.take B.to take C.taking D.takes ( )2. Lucy can draw a little , ______ she can not dance at all. A.and B. or C. but D.so ( )3. My mother can speak English very______. A.good B.well C.nice ( ）4.There are _______flowers in the park today. A.so many B so much C.too much D.a lot ( )5. ----Can you speak Chinese? -----Of course I _____ . I am a Chinese. A.can not B. do C.do not D.can ( )6. ----What _____can you do ? ----I can dance. A.another B.other C.else D.also
Unit 9 Music In-Class Reading Music to Your Gear 参考译文 音乐与开车 安迪·埃利斯 1 尽管音乐能使你胸中的怒气平息，但是开车时听音乐也会损害你的健康。近期研究表明，听声音很响的音乐会严重地影响司机的注意力，而且心理学家也提醒人们，不断地在车里放这种音乐是很危险的，尤其是处于车流中或在高速公路上开车时。 2 音乐有两个极端，任何一个极端都有可能带来危险。重金属音乐以其强烈的节奏会使人莽撞驾驶，而聆听处于另一个极端的优美的、令人舒心的音乐，会使司机过分放松，以至于丧失安全意识，陷入迷迷糊糊的欲睡状态。 3 英国汽车协会一直关注道路安全，它委托搞了一个项目，研究严重车祸与音乐之间的关系。这项研究发现，17至25年龄段的男人是最危险、最易产生车祸的群体。研究还发现，这个群体的人70%的开车时间都在听音乐。 4 快节奏或重金属音乐要是放得很响，会使人易怒好斗，开起车来就会冲劲十足，这种司机也就更容易去冒险。开车的速度受到了音乐的速度和节奏的控制。 5 在试验中，给那些自愿参加实验的司机听声音很响的音乐，他们说尽管他们不一定感到非要开快车，但的确发现自己换档更快了，加速也快了，刹车更急了。若是让这些司机听慢节奏的抒情曲，他们承认经常感到自己走神，他们在高速公路上长途开车时，至少有两位参试的司机发现自己不知不觉地在跨越车道标记。 6 这些自愿参试的司机（有些刚刚拿到驾驶执照）所发表的意见非常说明问题。十八岁的西蒙告诉英国汽车协会，“《走出地狱的蝙蝠》里的快节奏摇滚乐真会让人送命的。我发现自己不知不觉地越开越快。” 7 另一名自愿参试的司机一直在听ZZ Top乐队最流行的曲子，他说，“我一直在快速行驶，扯着嗓门唱歌，没有看见也没有听见那辆一直想超过我的消防车。” 8 还有些人说：“我陷入了深思”…… “人的感觉会变得麻木” …… “听不见别的汽车是个问题”，“我一直在随着音乐的节奏加快速度。” 9 一些慢节奏的背景音乐，如肖邦的音乐，会刺激人的大脑，使思维模式发生变化，激发阿尔法脑波，使人有一种舒服愉快的感觉。处于放松状态在大多数情况下对我们有好处，但开车时则不然。心理学家雪利?费希尔教授提醒人们说：“最大的危险是疲劳驾驶。有些音乐会使你无法集中注意力，甚至陷入轻度睡眠状态，那样就会造成可怕的惨祸。” 10 “问题的关键在于根据具体情况选择合适的音乐。刺激性的音乐适合在漫长、枯燥的道路上听，但是当交通状况糟糕时，或是交通拥挤时，这种音乐会分散你的注意力。” 11 然而，音乐也有其好的一面，正如英国汽车协会的心理学家罗伯特?韦斯特所指出的那样：“如果有些音乐影响我们安全行驶，那么反过来也是有道理的。