一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时复习
一．比较过去时与现在完成时
1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married 等。
举例：
I saw this film yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
一般过去时和现在完成时练习题
1. A. 用already或yet
1) Have they taken down the old pictures ___ ___? No, they haven’t____ ___.
2) Most of us have finished our compositions _____ .
3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition _____ ___.
B.用since或for
1) We have learned five lessons __ __ _ the beginning of this term.
2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital __ _ ___last week.
3) I have stayed at my aunt’s ___ __two weeks.
C. 用have gone或have been
1) Where are the boy students? They _____ to the school factory.
2) Is your father in? No, he ___ _ to Shenzhen. _______he ever ______ there before ?
Yes, he ___ there several times
3) He asked me if I___ __ to Hangzhou before.
I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I __ __ never _ ___ to that city before.
2. 选择填空
1.Mother __ __me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made…have tried
B. made…have tried
C. has made…tr ied
D. made…tried
2 “He ____to draw horses already”. “When ______ he ?” “ Last year “
A. learned...has B. learned (i)
C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)
3.Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there !
A. has got…is
B. has clim bed…was
C. got …was
D. climbed…is
4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did
B. Have…copied…have
C. Have…copied…did
D. Did …copy…had
5. “Why ______ she _______ angry ?” “Because he _____ at her just now .”
A. did…get…shouted
B. has…got…shouted
C. did…get…has shouted
D. has…got…has shouted
6. ______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?
A. Have …seen…did…see
B. Did …see…did…watch
C. Have…seen…have…seen
D. Did …see…have…s een
7.You ____ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you since five.
A. kept…waited
B. have kept…waited
C. kept…have waited
D. have kept…have waited
8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He _________ there for an hour.
A.has…been…has gone
B. has…gone…has been
C. did…go…went
D. did…be…went
9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.
A. Has…cried…has stopped
B. Is…crying…stopped
C. Did …cry…stopped
D. Is…crying…has stopped
10. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years.
A. knew...have lived B. knew (iv)
C. know...have lived D. know (iv)
11. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.
A. Have…gone to
B. Have…gone in
C. Have…been to
D. Have …been in
12. My brother ____college for over three years.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. has been in
D. has been at
13.He ________ the Army by the end of 1989. He ______ in the army since then.
A. joined…is
B. has joined…has been
C. had joined…is
D. h ad joined …has been
14. By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten satellites.
A. came…have sent
B. came…had sent
C. come…have sent
D. had come…sent
15. Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o’clock. Then he ____ a rest.
A. went…took
B. went…had taken
C. had gone…took
D. had gone…had taken
16. We ____ out by that time that he ____ a spy for a long time.
A. had found…had been
B. had found…was
C. found…had been
D. found…was
17. Before the news ____ him, he ____ to know about it.
A. reaches…has got
B. reached…had got
C. reached…got
D. had reached…got
18. I _____ him a second letter before I ____ from him.
A. wrote…heard
B. wrote…had heard
C. had written…heard
D. have written…hear
19. People ____ that the soldiers _____ fighting.
A. say…had sto pped
B. said…has stopped
C. say…stopped
D. said…had stopped
20. We ____ in a good harvest because we ____ enough rain.
A. didn’t get…had had
B. got…had had
C. had got…had had
D. got…hadn’t had
21. They _______ for five hours when they ______ in New York.
A. flew…arrived
B. had flown…had arrived
C. flew…had arrived
D. had flown…arrived
22. She ____ that it _____ for two days by that day.
A. says…has rained
B. says…had rained
C. said…had rained
D. said…rained
23. John _____ there since the year before, so he _____ them.
A. had worked…knew
B. had worked…had known
C. worked…knew
D. worked…had known
24. He _____ angry because he ____ for a long time.
A. had got…had waited
B. got…waited
C. had got…waited
D. got…had waited
25. -I have seen the film “Titanic” already.
-When __________ you __________ it？
-The day before yesterday.
A. have；seen
B. will；see
C. did；see
D. did；seen
26. Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.
A. lived
B. has lived
C. lives
D. is going to live
27. We ____________ trees last Sunday. So far we __________ over 3，000 trees there.
A. planted；planted
B. planted；have planted
C. have planted；planted
D. have planted；have planted
二过去完成时
1）概念：表示过去的过去
----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前那时现在
2）用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
典型例题
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此
前一句应用过去进行时。
注意：had no … when 还没等…… 就……
had no sooner… than 刚…… 就……
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold
20. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do)
过去完成时专项练习
1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been
B. where I had gone
C. where had I been
D. where had I gone
2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?
A. did, do
B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned
B. was learning
C. had learned
D. learnt
4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few
B. has, several
C. had, a lot of
D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from
B. had hidden, from
C. has hidden, with
D. had hidden, with
8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A.has completed university
B. has completed the university
B.had completed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for
B. in
C. by
D. at
10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano
D. learns ,piano.
11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten?
A. did, do
B. did, did
C. has, done
D. had done
12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked
B. works
C. had worked
D. will work
13. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge.
A. has completed
B. completed
C. will complete
D. had completed
14. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.
A. a…the
B. the… the
C. / …the
D. the…/
15. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words.
A. had learned
B. has learned
C. learned
D. learns
16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.
A. was left
B. had left
C. has left
D. left
17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived
B. had lived
C. have lived
D. were living
18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived
B. was arriving
C. arrived
D. had arrived
19. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned
20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour.
A. have finished
B. will finish
C. finishes
D. has finished
21. The man ________ his coat and went out.
A. put on
B. had put on
C. will put on
D. was putting on
22 My mother______ in that factory at the age of 18.
A. had worked
B. has worked
C. worked
D. works
23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.
A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched
C. fell asleep……was watching
D. had fallen asleep…watc hed
现在完成时和过去完成时
：
1.—Dad, I ________ the station for minutes, but nobody came to meet me.
—Don’t worry. I’ll go to meet you soon.
A. arrived at
B. have been at
C. will reach
2.—________ you ever _________ Dali?
—Never. But I am going there this vacation.
A. Do…go to
B. Have…been to
C. Have…gone to
D. Will…go to
3. My aunt is a writer. She ____ more than ten books since 1980.
A. writes
B. wrote
C. has written
D. will write
4.Echo _____ for half a month. She’ll come hack in two months.
A. left B leave C. has left D. has been away
5. Some students in Shanghai e-bags for several months.
A. have
B. have had
C. had
D. will have
6.The Smiths came to Shanghai in 2008,they__ there for three years since then.
A. live
B. lived
C. have lived
D. will live
7. — Have you ever been to Nanning? — Yes, _______ .
A. I was
B. I do
C. I am
D. I have
8. I my homework, I guess I can't join you.
A. don't finish
B. didn't finish
C. haven't finished
D. won't finish
9. —Excuse me, where is Mr. Brown's office?
—Sorry, I don't know. I _____ here for only a few days.
A. work
B. worked
C. have worked
D. will work
10.The meeting _ by the time I got there yesterday.
A. was on
B. has been on
C. had begun
D. has begun
11.—Where is Bob? —He ______to Harbin for a meeting.
A. went
B. has been
C. has gone
12. — Are you going to the bank, Laura? —No, I ______ to the bank already.
A. have been
B. have gone
C. am going
D. had been
13. ----Oh, you are here. I’m looking for you all the morning. ？
----To the library.
A. Where have you gone
B. Where will you go
C. Where are you going
D. Where have you been?
14. So far this year, many new houses ________ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.
A. build
B. are built
C. will build
D. have been built
15. By the end of last month, I _____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.
A. collect
B. collected
C. have collected
D. had collected
16. My grandmother ______ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.
A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen
17．I many new friends since I came here．
A．make B．made C．will make D．have made
18. Mrs. Weng came back from France in 2010. She _____ there for four years.
A. works
B. worked
C. has worked
19. "Where's your brother, Jane?"
"He's not in Guiyang these days. He________ Beijing.'
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. had been to
20. By the time I got to the cinema, the movie _______ for ten minutes.
A. had begun
B. had been on
C. has started
D. has been on
21. She _______ this book for nearly three weeks.
A. has borrowed
B. has lent
C. has bought
D. has kept
22. They _____ England and they will be back next week.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. have gone in
D. has been on
23. He_______ in this city since his family moved to Nanchong.
A. live
B. lived
C. has lived
24. Some students in Shanghai e-bags for several months.
A. have
B. have had
C. had
D. will have
25.By the time I got to the cinema,the movie _______ for ten minutes.
A. had begun
B. had been on
C. has started
D. has been on
三种时态的练习。
1. --- ______ you______ your homework yet?
---Yes, I _____ it just now.
A. Did; do; finished
B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished
D. Will; do; finish
2. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years.
A. joined
B. be in
C. been in
D. joined in
3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.
A. has bought
B. has had
C. had had
D. has borrowed
4. —Where is Li Lei?
—He ___ Shanghai.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. went to
D. goes to
比较---where is your mother?
---She ________________(cook) in the kitchen.
5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________.
A. since last week
B. a week ago
C. for a week
D. since a week ago
6. His grandpa _______ for two years．
A．was died B．has been dead C．was dead D．has died
7. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now.
A. borrowed
B. have borrowed
C. kept
D. have kept
8. By the end of last year he______ about 1500 English words.
A. learns
B. learned
C. was learning
D. had learned
9. Could you tell me where the railway station______?
A. was
B. is
C. will be
D. would be
10. He told me that he______ to see us the next day.
A. comes
B. came
C. will come
D. would come
11. He said he ________ the watch made in Shanghai already.
A. has bought
B. had bought
C. buy
D. bought
12. Ling Feng told me he _________ to Guangzhou several times. (be)
13. Could you tell me who _________ away the book already? (take)
14. The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel)
15. Jerry _______________(learn) some Chinese before he came to China.
16. When I woke up this morning, it ______________(stop) snowing.
17. She __________________ (teach) in this school for more than ten years.
18. Could you tell me who _________ away the book already? (take)
19. He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
练习答案：
一般现在时与现在完成时练习:
1.A. 1) yet, yet2) already3) yet
B. 1) since2) since3) since
C. 1) have been2) has gone, Has, been, has been3) have been, have been
2. BDACA ADBDC CDDBC ABCDB DCADC BB
一般过去时 一、一般过去时的基本构成 1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were 2、其他动词用过去式的形式 二、一般过去时的基本用法 1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday. ② We visited the factory last week. 2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这类句子中，经常 使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。 ① When I was a child, I often played football in the street. ② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。 **表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。（强调现在已经不这样了） Eg I used to get up early in the morning. 3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动 作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。 （这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。） Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 5、用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 ①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。 Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。 ②情态动词could, would。 Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？ 6、特殊句型： ①It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了”；“该……了”。 Eg It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
一般过去时与现在完成时区别专题 一、前言： 初一下学期同学们学习了一般过去时态的相关知识，即将到来的初二上学期英语学习中，现在完成时是重要的学习内容。本文通过对比一般过去时和现在完成时，对现在完成时进行初步讲解，希望使同学们读新学期的学习有所准备。 二、现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成 现在完成时是由助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2. 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。 We are good friends.(现在的情况） I knew him in 1997.（过去的动作） We have known each other since 1997. （现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在） （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如：He has taught here since 1981 他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever, never,three times等时间状语。 如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 3.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？ -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。 例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
一般过去时，现在完成时和过去完成时 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用，试看下列例句： 1. I was in the classroom yesterday morning 2. My father was at work last week. 3. I visited the Palace Museum three weeks ago. 4. He always went to work by bus last year. 5. I wrote home once a week at college. 1. yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等； 2. 由"last+一时间名词"构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等； 3. 由"时间段+ago"构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等； 4. 其它：just now或者由句子本身的时态所反映出来的。 现在完成时表示：(1)过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already，just，yet，before，ever，never 等副词连用；(2)发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段），since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。试看下列例句： 1.My father has brought many books for me , so I can do some reading now. 2.I have already finished my homework, so I can give it to my teacher now. 3.Kevin hasn't seen the film yet, so he has nothing to say about the film. 4.This is the best film I have ever seen. 5.Mary has been ill for three days. 6.I have lived here since 1998. 现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, two days ago, just now 等等，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, before, recently,ever, never等连用。
现在完成时和过去时的区别及练习 一、现在完成时的用法。 1.现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响 I have lost my wallet now. I can’t find it now. 我的钱包掉了，我现在找不到。 2.现在完成时强调过去动作一直持续到现在。 I have had this book for a year. 我拥有这本书1年了。 3.现在完成时表示动作尚未完成。 I have lived here for 5 years. 我在这里住了5年（现在也还在这里住） 4.现在完成时可以与不确切的过去时间连用。 She has entered speaking competition before. 她曾经参加过演讲比赛。 5.现在完成时可以用来描述活着的人的经历。 He has been to America four times. 他去过美国4次。（他现在还活着） 6.现在完成时可以与未完成的时间状语连用。 She has finished her homework today. 今天他已经完成了家庭作业。（today, this week, this year 是未完成的时间状语） 二、过去时的用法 1.
1.表示过去完成的动作，现在已不是这样。 —What do you think of her? 你认为她怎样？ —She was cute. 她曾经很可爱（表示她现在已不可爱了。） 2.与过去某一具体的时间状语连用，表示过去完成的动作。 She lost her wallet yesterday. (她昨天弄丢了她的钱包。) 3.表示去世的人过去的经历。 He went to America four times.一生中, 他去过美国4次（表示他已去世）练习 1.Ronaldo ______________( win) 29 major trophies in his career. 2.I ____________(have)him for three months and I really feel healthy. 3.She_______________(be) ill for three days. 4.They ________________ (not do) much exercise since they got their computer. 5.Kobe Byrant _______________(win) five championships with The Los Angeles Lakers. 6.Fans___________________(buy)about 200 million copies of Tintin’s stories in more than 50 languages. 7.When I was young, I ___________(not like) green vegetables. 8.After he graduated from university, he _________(work) in a big company.
. 一般过去时、过去进行时 --寒假 Name: ______________ Date:___________ ●Warm-up: 生动有趣的水果习语（一） 在英语中,水果不仅指水果本身,在习语中,它们还有其他的含义. Apple 1.the apple of one's eye意为“掌上明珠,心爱之物”. e.g.: He is the apple of his mom's eye.他是他妈妈的掌上明珠. 2.the Big Apple指纽约(New York) e.g.: The little boy is from the Big Apple.这个小男孩来自纽约. Banana top banana 有“领袖,老板(boss)”的意思 e.g.: He is very happy to be the top banana.他非常高兴当了老板. ●知识点将台
一般过去时: 1.谓语构成-------用动词过去式 以work为例: I /you(你) 其它的单数名词或专有名词He/she/it/worked. )/they你We/you用法2 . last night①表示过去某一时间内发生的动作: The snow stopped , 可与often, always等连用。②表示过去经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态My mother always went to work by bus last year. / I was fat two years ago. e.g.: 3.动词过去式的构成 live---- work---- ①一般在动词原形后加-ed/d: dance---- plan---- -ed: 1②以个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词加 shop--- try------ iy③以辅音字母加结尾的动词变y为再加—ed: carry---- ) 等 stay----- 注意(: play---- ) ④不规则变化(特殊记忆 4. 常与一般过去时搭配的时间状语 ago ago①与连用: a moment/two minutes/three hours/five days/one week/six months/four years'. . ②与last一起用的状语词组: last time/week/month/spring/year/Monday ③与one/that连用: one/that morning/evening/night/day
现在完成时和一般过去时专项练习 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.--_____ you _____ (have) lunch yet? ---Yes，I . --- When____ you _____ (have) it? ---I______ (have) it at 12:00. 2._____ she _____(write) a letter to her aunt yet? Yes, she_____ . She__________ (write)it the day before yesterday 3. --______ you____ (find) your knife yet? ---Not yet. 4. I _________(sing) the English song before. 5. I ____ never _____(see) him before. 6.. She_____ just _____(ride) a horse? 7. Tom with his mother _________(shop)just now. . 8. Sam ________ (go) to school by bike last year. 9.My brother _______(join) the army in 1999. 10.My brother _______(be)in the army since1999. 11.John_________( not watch ) TV last night. 12.She ______ (do) her homework already. 13.Where is Jack? He______(go) the park. 14. I _________ (read) the magazine yesterday. 15.What was she doing when she __ (come) here. 16.We_______ (play) football five hours ago. 17..Mike ______ already ______(finish) the work. 18. We ___________(run) out of money. What shall we do? 19. I _____ just ______ (lose) my math book. 20. I ___ _ (be) to Beijing twice 21.My father _____ never____(eat)ice cream. 22.I __________(work) here since 1995. 23.The_______(teach) English since they (come) to this school. 24.We __________(learn) 1000 words so far. 25. Tom ____________( be) away for three days. He will come back tomorrow. 26.The teacher _________(leave) two days ago. 27.The teacher______(be) here since two days ago. 28.--- _____ you ______ (clean) the room yet? --Yes, we __________ (do) that already. --When _______ you ______ (do) it? ---We _______ (do) it an hour ago. 29. ---______ he ______ (see) this film yet? --Yes,he _____. --When _____ he _____ (see) it? --He ____ it last week. 30. I _________ (read) the book twice. It’s interesting. 31—Where’s she? .-- She ________ (go) to Pairs. -- How ______she ______(go) there? --She _______ (go) there by air. 32. So far, many countries ___ _ (improve) their environment. 33. Mr Chen _____ (give)up smoking last year. 34. Mr Chen ______ (give) up smoking since last year. 35.It’s ten years since I ________(meet) her. 36.This is the most interesting book that I_________(read). 37.She _________(work) in this hospital in 2005. 38. She _________(work) in this hospital since 2005. 39.I __________ (clean) my room two hours ago. 40. I ________(clean) my room since two hours ago. 41 The old men ____________ (live)in the house for ten years. 42. Mum is not at home now. She _______ (go) the shop. 43.The sun ________(rise) since five o’clock. 44.I’m sorry I’ve already_______(forget) your name. 45.My leg _______(hurt) a lot last night. 46.They ________(eat) a lot of chichen already. 47.--- he ______ (give) the book back to the library? --Not yet. 48.My uncle _______(teach) English for ten years. He loves his job. 49.I ________(spend) five hours watching TV last weekend. 50.He’s just _______(tell) us a story. 二、按要求变换句型。 1.I have already eaten the food.(否定句) 2..We have ever read this book. .(否定句) 3.The plane has arrived. (否定句) 4. She’s lent some money to others. (否定句) 5. She has already visited her aunt.（一般疑问句并肯定回答） 6..My father has already hadlunch. （一般问句并否
现在完成时态与过去时态的区别 1. 意义上的区别 一般过去时态只是单纯地表示过去某一时间发生过的动作或者存在的状态, 和现在没有任何联系, 只着眼于过去. 现在完成时态重点强调与现在的联系, 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果, 属于现在时的范畴. 试比较下列例句: I have washed my shoes . 我刷过鞋了. 强调的是过去的某一时间发生的动作"洗" 对现在产生的影响是" 鞋是干净的" . I washed my shoes yesterday . 我昨天刷了鞋. 强调昨天做过"洗" 这个动作, 与现在鞋是否干净没有关系. My father has bought a new car . 我爸爸买了一辆新车. 强调在过去的某一时间发生的动作"买" , 对现在造成的结果是" 他有了一辆新车". My father bought a new car last Sunday . 我爸爸上个周日买了一辆新车. 强调上个周日"买" 这个动作发生过, 与爸爸现在是否有车无关. 也许这辆车是给别人的. 2. 时间状语的区别 一般过去时态只能与表示过去的时间状语连用, 如 yesterday, la st week, three years ago, in 1990 , just now 等.
现在完成时态中的时间状语表达的时间是到现在为止. 如: just 刚刚, before 以前, "since / ever since +过去时间 " 自从...... 开始, ev er 曾经, never 从未, 未曾, "already" 已经 , " for+ 时间段"已有多长时间了. in the last/ past ten years 在过去的十年里, so far 到目前为止. up to now 直到现在, this week 这个星期等等. 二者的根本区别在于过去时强调事实，常有具体的时间状语标志，如，yesterday/5.oclock/this morning,just now,ago etc---, examples: 1.I met her a week ago. 2.We have a English class this morning. 而完成时有两种用法或意义 1，影响性：也是一个过去动作但却强调它对现在的影响,没具体时间点作时间状语，但常有，already,yet,before,just作状语。 (1).Have you had your breakfast,yet?(2).I have seen this movie before. (3).He has just finished his homework. 2.持续性：表动作从过去的一个点开始，一直持续到现在。（现在完成时）如果只需到过去的另一个点就是过去完成时。动词要用延续性的，还常有 for（引导线状时间状语），since（引导点状时间状语） (1).I have been worked here for 20 years./I have worked here since 20 years ago. (2).I have been a member of the League for 2 years.这里的be a member of 代替不可延续的动词短语join the League。
I have cleaned the classroom .（强调扫地所产生的结果：地干净了！） We have lived here for ten years.（“住”从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时） We have lived here since we came here.（“住”是从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时） Mr Green had lived in New York for ten years before he came to China.("来”中国已过去，而先前“住”在纽约更过去！）（另外注意：“住”在纽约可没有持续到现在！） We had learned 1000 words by the end of last term. （“上期期末”已过去，而是在其前“学”的就更过去了！） 一、从结构上区别 现在完成时： 主语 + have / has（not） + 过去分词 过去完成时： 主语 + had (not) + 过去分词 (二)从时间状语区别 现在完成时: 常用的时间状语包括“now, today, tonight, this week, this year, already, yet, just, recently…etc”。 过去完成时: 常用的时间状语包括“by, at, before等构成的短语”。 注意：当表示一段时间，现在完成时和过去完成时都可以用for 或since引导的状语。 例如： The meeting had begun when we got there. 我们到那儿时，会议已经开始了。 We had learned about 500English words when we were 6 years old. 我们六岁时就已经学了500个英语单词。
①一般过去时的基本用法 a)表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与过去时间连用. a moment ago(刚才)，yesterday morning，last night/ week，the day before yesterday(前天)，just now(刚才)等。 He suddenly fell ill yesterday. 昨天他突然生病了。 b)表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 I wrote home once a week at college. 我上大学时每周给家里写一封信. c)表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。 She entered the room, picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully. 她走进房间，拿起一本杂志，认真地翻阅了起来。 d)在时间、条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来时. We would not leave until the teacher came back. 老师回来我们才会离开。 ②一般过去时的特殊用法 a)在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态。 I wish I were twenty years younger. 但愿我年轻20岁。 b)在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气 Might I come and see you tonight? 我想今晚来看你，好吗？ 现在完成时的用法: 1) 表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是这个影响或结果，一般不与过去时间连用，常同already, just, yet等状语连用例：I have just turned off the light. 我刚刚把灯关上。（结果是灯已经关上了） She has lost her bike. 她把自行车丢了。（影响是他现在没有自行车骑了） 2) 表示开始于过去、持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去（也可能不继续下去），常同包括现在在内的时间状语连，也同“for+时间段”或“since＋时间点”的状语连用 She has taught in the school for ten years. 她在这所学校教书已经10年了。 I haven’t eaten anything since breakfast. 我从早饭起就一直没有吃东西。
一般过去时和现在完成时用法区别（详细点） 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. 不受时间限制的 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 客观存在 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 3) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性、特征。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. ※4)由连词if unless before as soon as when once however 等引起的时间(条件、让步)状语从句,需要用一般现在时,表示将来时. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 现在完成时用法解析 1.构成 现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表
过去进行时的用法归纳 过去进行时是英语语法中常用的一种，大家都知道过去进行时要怎么用吗? 特地整理归纳了过去进行时的使用方法，来看看吧。 一、过去进行时的时间状语 1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。 2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 @ 二、下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时 1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如： Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。 2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。如： John was always coming to school late. 约翰上学总是迟到。
Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷锋总是为人民做好事。 3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。如： : It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。 4. when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。 5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如： I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。 She was coming later. 她随后就来。 . 三、过去进行时表示婉转语气 (只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词)，用以提出请求。如： I was wondering if you could help me.
现在完成时专项练习 一、用since和for填空 1______ two years 2_______ two years ago 3_______lastmonth 4______1999 5 _______ yesterday 6 _______ 4 o’clock 7 ______ 4 hours 8_______ an hour ago 9_______ we were children 10 _____ lunch time 11 ______ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him __________ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years. 15. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years. 16 It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 17 How long have you been here?-______ half past three. 18How long has that car been here?-______ yesterday. 19 How long have you been in this school?-______ four years. 20 How long has that boy been in your class?-______ six weeks. 21 How long have you lived here?-______ 1996 二、用have(has) been、have(has) gone 、have/has been to/in, have gone to填空。 1、A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________? B: He ____________ to Hainan Island. A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He _____________ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there. A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once. 2、Where is Jack? He __________ his country. John _______ England since he came back. How long _____ he _____ this village? The Smiths ______ Beijing for years. _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times. I _____ this school since three years ago. 三、选择填空
现在完成时与一般过去时专项练习 每日一句 God helps those who help themselves. Review 单项选择题 1.Mother _____ me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well. A. had made…have tried B. made…have tried C. has made…tried D. made…tried 2 “He ____to draw horses already”. “When ______ he ?” “ Last year “ A. learned...has B. learned (i) C. has learned...has D. has learned (i) 3.Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there ! A. has got…is B. has climbed…was C. got …was D. climbed…is 4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago. A. Did…copy…did B. Have…copied…have C. Have…copied…did D. Did …copy…had 5. “Why ______ she _______ angry ?” “Because he _____ at her just now .” A. did…get…shouted B. has…got…shouted C. di d…get…has shouted D. has…got…has shouted 6. ______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ? A. Have …seen…did…see B. Did …see…did…watch C. Have…seen…have…seen D. Did …see…have…seen 7.You ____ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you since five. A. kept…waited B. have kept…waited C. kept…have waited D. have kept…have waited 8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He _________ there for an hour. A.has…been…has gone B. has…gone…has been C. did…go…went D. did…be…went 9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying. A. Has…cried…has stopped B. Is…crying…stopped C. Did …cry…stopped D. Is…crying…has stopped 10. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years. A. knew...have lived B. kne w (iv) C. know...have lived D. know (iv) Summary 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 （一）一般过去时态和现在完成时态的概念 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作常与yesterday, yesterday afternoon, last year, in 1965, a moment ago等表示过去的时间状语连用, 例如： He came here yesterday. 现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的_________, 例如： He has broken his bottle.