高中英语语法——句子结构
（1）表语从句
1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2．构成：关联词+简单句
3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如：
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释：
1．连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
（2）主语从句
1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2．构成：关联词+简单句
3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.
很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。
(2) 从属连词whether。如：
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。
(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：
What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。
解释：
1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如：
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：
It doesn’t m atter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
F. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要
紧吗？
G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！2．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。
Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖
（3）宾语从句
1．定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2．构成：关联词+简单句
3．引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。
注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。
1． Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and 连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2．I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
3．That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe. (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。)
我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4． We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)
鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。
(2)从属连词if/whether。如：
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I don’t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
(1) 介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
有时介词可以省略。如：
I don’t care (for) who marries him. 我不管谁跟他结婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做这件事的方式。
解释：
1．如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不会屈服。
2．作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。
介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：
Are you sorry for what you've done?
你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？
3．某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可
省略。如：
I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid you don't understand what I said.
恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm surprised that I didn't see all that before.
我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4．连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if 一般不与or not连用。如：
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较：Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。
5．宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你错了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？
6．宾语从句的时态变化规律：
(1) 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。
(2) 当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
（4）同位语从句
1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2．用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释：
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用，是定语
如：The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省。)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作told的宾语，可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
测试：
A. 用适当的连接词填空：
1． It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials.
3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed.
5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that you had a few days off?
7. Word came I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn't tell me we were wrong.
10. It's generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
B. 单项选择：
1． It was true Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that
B. what
C. that, what
D. what, that
2. Does matter much he can't come to the meeting.
A. it, if
B. that, if
C. it, whether
D. this, whether
3. ----What are you anxious about? ---- .
A. How can we succeed
B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed
D. That we can succeed
4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why
B. why, that
C. that, because
D. for, because
5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. Anyone
D. The person
6. I really don't know ____________ I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that
B. it was that
C. where it was
D. it was why
7. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can't remember .
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. that
8. ----What do you think of China? --- different life is today from it used to be.
A. How, what
B. What, what
C. How, that
D. What, that
9. Give this to you think can do the work well.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
10. troubles me is I can't learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that
B. What, what
C. That, what
D. What, that
答案:
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that
5. who
6. why
7. that
8. which
9. where 10. whatever
B. 1-5 CABBB 6-10 ACACD
（5）同位语从句
1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2．用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释：
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用，是定语
如：The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省。)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作told的宾语，可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
测试：
A. 用适当的连接词填空：
1． It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials.
3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed.
5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that you had a few days off?
7. Word came I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn't tell me we were wrong.
10. It's generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
B. 单项选择：
1． It was true Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that
B. what
C. that, what
D. what, that
2. Does matter much he can't come to the meeting.
A. it, if
B. that, if
C. it, whether
D. this, whether
3. ----What are you anxious about? ---- .
A. How can we succeed
B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed
D. That we can succeed
4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why
B. why, that
C. that, because
D. for, because
5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. Anyone
D. The person
6. I really don't know ____________ I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that
B. it was that
C. where it was
D. it was why
7. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can't remember .
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. that
8. ----What do you think of China? --- different life is today from it used to be.
A. How, what
B. What, what
C. How, that
D. What, that
9. Give this to you think can do the work well.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
10. troubles me is I can't learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that
B. What, what
C. That, what
D. What, that
答案:
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that
5. who
6. why
7. that
8. which
9. where 10. whatever
B. 1-5 CABBB 6-10 ACACD
高一英语语法填空专题练习 (10篇) （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 一 once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 二· Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony. In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life. 三 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________spoken.. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. _____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning. _____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _____35________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary
Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.countries 【答案】countryother修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故是可数名词，此处由【解析】考查名词。countries. 填67. more 【答案】than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级考查比较级。根据句中的【解析】more. 表示更多的人，故填68. Luckily 【答案】“”Luckily. ，故填【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指幸运的是69. has changed 【答案】over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语has changed. 语是单数，故填70. spoken 【答案】Englishspeak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填和动词【解析】考查过去分词。． spoken. 71. from 【答案】be different from“…”from. ，是固定短语。故填和【解析】考查固定短语。不同72. especially 【答案】especial“”especially“”。特殊的，特别的是副词是形容词；尤其，特别【解析】考查副词。“”especially. ，故填尤其，特别此处指新的定居者丰富了英语，尤其是它的词汇。表示73. when 【答案】“…”，从句时态是过去时，故填当【解析】考查连词。此处引导时间状语从句，表示时候when. 74. or 【答案】or. 【解析】考查连词。此处表示选择，指作为第一语言或第二语言被说，故填 75. largest 【答案】【解析】考查形容词最高级。因为中国人口最多所以说英语的人也最多，此处由the修饰用 I had just visited my best friend in hospital with my mum,___41___hadn't seen my friend since she'd gone into hospital six months earlier. I knew where she was coming from as she was___42___(grave)ill, but as I'd been visiting her every week I had stopped seeing the obvious; my friend___43___(lose)most of her body weight
高中英语语法精讲精练(一倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. had he made D. he had made 8. --- What happened to his new car? --- No sooner _______ it than someone ran into it.
高一英语语法填空专项练习 （一） 第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） Do you ever wonder why you yawn? Why do you open your mouth wide and take a deep breath? Well, a scientist at the University of Maryland is searching for the answer. Professor Robert Provine has been studying yawning for the past two years. But he says he still does not know 31 people yawn. In fact, no one seems to know much about it. Professor Provine’s students have helped him find out more about yawning. They agreed to 32 (watch) while sitting alone in small rooms. In the rooms, they watched television programs, or pictures of people yawning. Or they just sat and 33 (think) about yawning. Students also kept records of when they yawned throughout the day. The professor says he has learned 34 number of things from these experiments. He says yawning seems linked in some way to sleeping. His students yawned most just before sleeping or 35 waking from sleep. He also found that people yawn much when they are __36 (bore ) or not interested in what they are doing. Now, Professor Provine is planning future experiments to help him find the purpose of yawning. He said there is some evidence 37 yawning is linked to 38 (excite). Yawning is common among runners 39 (wait) to begin a race. It is also common among people waiting to make a speech. Professor Provine says he is most interested in learning why seeing someone yawn makes others yawn as well. He says almost anything connected with yawning can make people yawn. As a matter of fact, I found 40 yawning a lot as I prepared this report. I wonder if hearing it can make you yawn. If it does, excuse me, if you did yawn, write and tell me. 答案：31.why 32.be watched 33.thought 34.a 35.after 36. bored 37.that 38.excitement 39.waiting 40.myself （二） 第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） Traditional Chinese culture places much emphasis（重视）on food. Considered to be an important part of each day, __31 __(eat) is far beyond simply meeting a need. However, people are living in fast-paced society now, so they hardly have time to enjoy their food. They need fast food. That is _32_ China’s fast-food market expands. A foreign fast-food restaurant __33__（call）KFC arrived in China first, quickly followed by _34_ such as Pizza Hut and McDonald’s. __35__ the development of China, foreign fast-food chains are realizing high-speed __36__ (grow) in China. However, these “junk foods”have long been criticized by health experts because __37__ can’t provide balanced nutrition(营养). The experts also show that some foreign fast food contains a food colouring, Sudan I , __38___can cause cancer. In fact, China has many of its own traditional fast-food dishes. Among them, dumplings, soybean milk and noodles are __39__ most popular. Compared with foreign fast food, those traditional ones are healthier. __40__ many Chinese still enjoy the special taste and the good environment in the foreign fast-food chains even though there exist some potential（潜在的）risks. 第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练 (一) 倒装句与强调结构 (2) (二) 定语从句 (8) (三) 分词与动名词 (13) (四) 动词不定式 (19) (五) 情态动词 (25) (六) 虚拟语气 (31) (八) 名词性从句和状语从句 (37) (九)冠词、名词 (43) (十)代词、形容词和副词 (49) 答案 (55) 17
(一) 倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. 17
A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. 17
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
动名词 《语法讲解》 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。(一)、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 〖注意〗：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 式）。 3）动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Lao Li’s going there won’t be of much help. 老李去不会有多大帮助。 （二）、作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 *某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, can’t stan d, put off, give up等。如： Would you mind opening the window?吧窗户打开好吗？ She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help laughing. 看了这幅画，他禁不住大笑起来。*在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词（短语）做宾语：find/think/consider… + it （形式宾语）+ no use/no good/useless… + v.ing（真正宾语）. I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗？ *形容词worth后也可接动名词，作为复合谓语的宾语。 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。（2）作介词的宾语 *能接动名词的短语有：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out,
语法填空专题训练 预热题 第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. 1 , some of us are upset 2 their body styles and looks. It’s unnecessary and it’s not important at all. We needn’t care about it. It is one’s inner beauty 3 matters. Second, we sometimes seem to be misunderstood 4 our teachers, parents and classmates. 5 (face) with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the 6 (understand). Some of us have fewer friends. I think being open-minded and friendly will do you good. Third, we may fall behind others, 7 makes us stressed. Actually we can encourage 8 to work efficiently, full of 9 (determine). At last, some of us don’t have much pocket money, so they feel unhappy. Isn’t it strange? So long as we have some, that’s enough. And we can learn 10 to spend money 【文章综述】本文讲述高中生成长中有很多的烦恼，我们应该用正确的方式来处理。 【答案解析】 1.First与第三行的Second形成呼应，都表示列举 2.about 考察固定搭配be upset about…对…感到难过，失望；很多人对于自己的体型和外貌感到难过。 3.that本句是一个强调句型It is…that/who…；本句强调的是主语one’s inner beauty，句意：重要的是我们的内在美。 4.by本句话考查被动语态。Be misunderstood by 被。。误解。 5.Faced 本句中的faced是动词face的过去分词转换的形容词，构成be faced with…面对着…；在句中使用形容词来说明后面主句转换主语的情况。 6.misunderstanding考查名词。句意：我们找合适的时间来与父母面对面交谈，来消除误解。 7.which 本句是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代前面一句话的内容在句中做主语。 8.ourselves 本句中使用反身代词ourselves表示强调。我们经常鼓励自己高效工作。 9.determination 本句中介词of后面要接名词作宾语，故使用determine的名词determination。 10. how 本句考察的“特殊疑问词+不定式”在句中做宾语的用法，在本句中how to spend money作为动词learn的宾语。
2021年高考英语语法精讲精练专题八动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。《xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thought；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在时的find。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态was allowed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态are removed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。 各种时态构成表：（以do为例）
一、一 般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数 1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”：work→works，take→takes （2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：car ry→carries （3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：go→goes，dress→dresses，watch→watches， finish→finishes
语法填空专项练习 一 A wealthy old lady who lived near Dr. Swift used to send him presents occasionally by her servant. Dr. Swift took her presents but never gave the boy anything for 1 trouble. One day as Swift was busy with his writing, 2 boy rushed into his room, knocked some books out of 3 place, threw his parcel on the desk and said, “My mistress(女主人) has sent you two of 4 rabbits.” Swift turned 5 and said, “My boy, that is not the 6 to deliver your parcel. Now, you sit in my chair, watch my way of doing it and learn your lesson.” The boy sat down. Swift went out, knocked on his door and waited. The boy said, “Come in.” The doctor entered, 7 (walk) to his desk and said, “8 you please sir, my mistress sends her kind regards and hopes you will accept these rabbits which her son shot this morning in her fields.” The boy answered, “Thank you, my boy. Give your mistress and her son my thanks for their kindness and 9 is two shillings for yourself.” The doctor laughed, and after 10 , Swift never forgot to give the boy his tip. 二 At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I drove up to the light, it turned red, and I braked to a halt. I look left, right, and behind me. 1 . Not a car, no suggestion of headlights, but 2 I sat, 3 (wait) the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction. I started wondering 4 I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of 5 (catch) by the police, because there was obviously no cop 6 around and there certainly would have been no danger in going 7 it. Much later that night, the 8 question of why I’d stopped for that light came 9 to me. I think I stopped because it’s part of a contract (合同) we all have with each other. It’s not only the law, but it’s an agreement we have, and we trust 10 to honor it: we don’t go through red lights. Like most of us, I’m ready to be stopped from doing something bad by the social agreement that disapproves of it than by any law against it. 三 Did you know that in the mountains it can start to snow in August? It snows through the fall and winter. 1 , in spring, when all that snow melts, water falls down the mountainsides. Streams(溪流) form and come 2 to form rivers. Let’s follow one of the rivers in Utah. The Bear River begins nearly 13,000 feet 3 in the mountains. It ends only 90 miles 4 , but it will have dropped about 9,000 feet first! The most surprising thing about this river is where 5 ends. If you look at a map, you will see that nearly all rivers 6 (empty) into the sea. But 7 the water of the Bear River. This river flows into the Great Salt Lake, the
2019 年高中英语语法填空专题分类训练--形容词和副词（含 1. _____________________________ Do you know that there is (much) than one kind of English? 2. _________ Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has a __________ (high) IQ. 3.It was by far the _________ (tough) decision that I had made in my life. 4.My good performance in the job interview left me ________ (optimism) aboutmy future. 5.I find that very _________ (believe). 6.In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French andRussian are ____________ (option). 7. __________________________ You can imagine how (terrible) shy I was at that momen—t with somany eyes fixed upon me. 8. M y aunt advised that I needed to go to hospital,and the treatment sheprovided gave my parents _______ (value)time to take me to the hospital. 9.Our conversation came to an end ________ (abrupt) when George burst into theroom. 10.The main purpose of Hong Kong Wetland Park is to promote green tourism aswell as education on _________ (environment) protection. 11.Jack is late again. It is _________ (type) of him to keep others waiting. 12.I 'm so _________ (gratitude) to all those volunteers because they helpedme out. 13.The baby was sleeping ________ (peace) in its cradle.