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形容词比较级与副词比较级的构成方法

形容词比较级与副词比较级的构成方法
形容词比较级与副词比较级的构成方法

形容词比较级与副词比较级的构成方法

1. 单音节和部分双音节形容词或副词通常加后缀–er和–est构成比较级和最高级。此时,还需注意:若原级以字母e结尾,则只加-r和-st;若原级以“辅音字母+y”结尾,则应将y 改为i,再加-er和-est构成比较级和最高级;若原级为重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,则双写这个辅音字母后再加词尾-er和-est构成比较级和最高级。如:

long→longer→longest large→larger→largest

busy→busier→busiest big→bigger→biggest

2. 多音节和部分双音节形容词在其前加more和most构成比较级和最高级。如:

useful→more useful→most useful

difficult→more difficult→most difficult

常见的不规则形容词与副词的比较等级变化:good→better→best;well→better→best;bad →worse→worst;badly→worse→worst;il→worse→worst;much→more→most;many→more →most;little→less→least;far→farther / further→farthest / furthest;等。

注:less和least也用来构成比较级或最高级,表示“较不…”和“最不…”:careful→less careful →least carefu了

比较级和最高级的常见修饰语归纳

1. 比较级的修饰语

表示“稍稍”、“一点”意义的a bit, a little, rather, some, any 等;表示“…得多”的much, far, a great / good deal, a lot, a good bit 等;表示“更加”意义的still, even, yet 等;表示确定程度的修饰语,如分数或有关长度、时间、重量等名词词组通常放在比较级前,也可由by 引出而置于比较级之后。如:

It is even colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天还冷。

He looks a bit happier now. 他现在显得高兴点儿了。

Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好点儿了吗?

He is two years younger than me. 他比我小两岁。

He is a head taller than his younger sister. 他比他妹妹高一头。

This bridge is 10 meters longer than that one. 这桥比那桥长10米。

This bridge is longer than that one by 10 meters. 这桥比那桥长10米。

注:在修饰或代替复数可数名词的more 前不可用much,而要用many;除quite better 外,quite, very, so 等不可修饰比较级(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/744782763.html,)。

2. 最高级的修饰语

最高级前可用the very, the second, much the, (by) far the, not quite the, nearly, almost, by no means 等修饰。

He is far more careful than I am. 他比我仔细得多。

This is much the most important. 这是最重要的。

Hainan is China’s second largest island. 海南是中国第二大岛(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/744782763.html,)。

This is quite far the most expensive bicycle in the shop. 这是这家商店里最最贵的自行车。

注:very不能修饰比较级,却可修饰最高级,但它与一般的修饰最高级的副词有所不同,即它要放在最高级前的定冠词之后,而不是之前(另外,second, third, next等也要放在定冠词之后)。

farther, further 与farthest, furthest的区别

(1) 表示距离时,四个词都可用。如:

I can throw much farther [further] than you. 我可以比你扔得更远。

What’s the farthest [furthest] distance you’ve ever run? 你跑过最远的距离是多少?

(2) 若用于引申义, 表示“更进一步”、“更多”、“此外”等义,则只能用further。如:We’ll further discuss it. 我们会进一步讨论它。

Are there any further questions? 还有问题吗?

For further information write to the above address. 若需了解进一步的情况,请写信至以上地

址。

The house isn’t big enough for us, and further, it’s too far from the town. 这座房子对我们来说不够大,而且离城也太远。

(3) further 可用作动词,意为“增进”、“推进”等(其他几个词一般不这样用)。如:

His support furthered my career. 他的支持促进了我的事业。

elder, eldest 与older, oldest的区别

1. old 通常的比较级和最高级分别是older, oldest。可用于人或物,可用作表语或定语,可与than 连用。如:

He is older than me. 他比我年纪大。

I’m two years older than he. 我比他大两岁。

The cathedral is the oldest building in the city. 这座教堂是城里最古老的建筑。

2. elder 与eldest 主要用于家人之间表明长幼关系。通常只用于人而不用于物,只用作定语而不用作表语,也不与than 连用。如:

This is my eldest son (daughter). 这是我的大儿子(女)。(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/744782763.html,)

His elder brother (sister) works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥(姐姐)在一家服装厂工作。

注:在美国英语中,也可用older, oldest 表示长幼关系。如:

older brother 哥哥oldest daughter 最大的女儿

elder 与eldest 的区别是:前者指两者中年纪较大的, 而后者指三者或三者以上的年纪最大的。如:

one’s elder son 指两个儿子中年纪较大的一个

one’s eldest son 指三个或三个以上的儿子中年纪最大的一个(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/744782763.html,)

3. elder 和eldest 作为形容词,通常只能用作定语,不用作表语;但若不是用作形容词(即其后不接名词)而是用作名词,则可以用作表语(此时通常有冠词或物主代词修饰)。如:

Jim is my eldest. 吉姆是我最大的孩子。

I’m the eldest in the family. 我是全家年纪最大的。

He was the elder of the two sons. 他是两个儿子中较大的。

He is my elder by two years. / He is two years older than I. 他比我大两岁。From: https://www.doczj.com/doc/744782763.html,/grammar/bijiao/2009-11-01/93320.html

形容词和副词的比较级口诀

形容词和副词的比较级口诀 一者比较用原级。比较级限二者比。三者三者往上比,最高级的用法起。 若要比项掌握齐,比较范围要搞细。比较级二句型记,做出句子没问题。 若甲乙程度相同,as…as 结构体。甲某方面不及乙,用not so/as…as表示。上述内容全记起,比较等级谈完毕。 ------------------------------------------------------------ 英文中的形容词和副词一般都有三种级的形式即:原级(The Positive Degree),比较级(The Comparative Degree)和最高级(The Superlative Degree)。 1) 同级比较往往由"as + 形容词/ 副词的原形+ as"的句式表达;当然也要注意它的否定形式、以及在第一个as前加倍数或程度副词的情况。 2)"比较级+ than"引导不同级的比较。"比较级" 前同样可以加倍数或程度副词。另外"no more …than"意思是"A和B一样不……" 。 3) 形容词的最高级前一般必须有定冠词the;但是也有不加定冠词the的几种情况。 一、同级比较中有两种情况: A 表示双方情况"一模一样",用as + 原级+ as的结构;

B 表示双方情况"不(那么)一样",用not so / as + 原级+ as的结构。在这两种结构中,第一个as是副词,而第二个as是连词;在第二个as的后面接名词、句子或代词的主格(一般不要接代词的宾格)。例如: My parcel is as heavy as yours . 我的包裹与他的一样沉。 His bedroom is not as neat as his sister's. 他的卧室没有他姐姐的整洁。 It is not so hot as yesterday. 今天不象昨天那么热。 * 在as …as 的结构中,我们还常见这样两种句型:as much + 不可数名词+ as 和as many + 复数可数名词+ as 。例如: He has learned as many English words as his brother (has ) . 他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英文单字。 二、形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is taller than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。

形容词和副词比较级的用法

形容词和副词比较级的用法 形容词和副词的用法 1. 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。 在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词(一般为不定代词),修饰名词时常放于名词前,修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后,做表语时和系动词(简称系词)连用,构成一个系表结构。例如: Can you hear the loud noise? (定语)你听见大的吵闹声了吗? The noise is very loud . (表语)吵声很大 The quiet girl is my sister. (定语)那个安静的女孩是我妹妹。 My sister looks very quiet . (表语)我妹妹看起来很安静。 He lives a happy life. (定语)他过着幸福生活。 He feels happy. (表语)他感觉很快乐。 There is something wrong with the car. (定语)这个小车出毛病了。 I have nothing new to tell you. (定语)我没什么新东西告诉你。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us? (定语)你有一些有趣的东西告诉我们吗? 2. 常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有: look (看起来,看上去),feel (感觉),taste (尝起来),smell (闻起来),get (变得),turn(变),become(成为,变得),sound (听起来)等。 例如:The weather gets warmer and the trees turn green in spring. 春天天气变暖和了,树变绿了。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。 The soup taste nice. 这汤尝上去很好吃。 You look fine. 你看起来气色很好。 3. 副词是用以修饰动词,形容词,其他副词以及全句的词例如: The men and the women walk quickly. 这些男女走得很快。 The children walk slowly. 孩子们走得很慢。 They often laugh loudly. 他们经常大声地笑。 1.原级的构成和用法 l)构成:形容词,副词的原级形式是形容词,副词的原形. 2)用法:表示双方在程度,性质,特征等某方面相等时,用“as 十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构;表示一方是另一方的若干倍时,用“倍数十as 十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构. 例如:This building looks not so (as) high as that one. Ms.Sun speaks English as fluently as you. This room is three times as large as that one. 2.比较级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成: ①单音节形容词以及少数以- er,- ow结尾的形容词和副词加“er”, great greater narrow narrower fast faster clever cleverer ②以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以- ble,- ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后,加“r”,. large larger able abler simple simpler ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词,其前的元音字母发短元音时,该辅音字母要双写,然后加“er”,“. hot hotter ④以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词要将y改为i,再加“er”, easy easier early earlier happy happier ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more

英语形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 (1) 符合规则的: (2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表: 二.形容词和副词比较级的用法

注意:有些形容词,如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制,没有比较级。 例题解析 1. He is ________ friends than I. A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more 解析:后面有可数名词复数时,many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。应选B. 2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 解析:两者比较用比较级,表示"发达"用developed, 而developing 是"发展中的" 意思 3. There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990. A. little B. few C. fewer D. less 解析:little 不能修饰可数名词,两者比较需用比较级,所以应选C. 4. If you are not free today, come another day __________. A. too B. so C. instead D. yet 解析:instead 作副词用时意为"代替,顶替",表示前面的事情没做,而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C. 5.He can't tell us ________, I think. A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important.

初中形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳

形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳 大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。 原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 ◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加-er , -est 特别提醒:以-y,-er, -ow, le结尾的双音节形容词末尾加er 和est。 如:healthy, funny, busy, hungry, easy, happy, early, pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, narrow等。 ◇以不发音的e结尾只加-r,-st

◇“以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i,再加-er, -est ◇以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词(即重读闭音节词),双写结尾的辅音字母, 再加-er,-est 特别提醒:new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合,且发的是长元音,不用双写。 ◇大部分双音节词和多音节的词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词),要在前面加more,most

特别提醒:以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况, 如unhappy----unhappier----unhappiest, untidy----untidier----untidiest ◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加more,most 特别提醒:early ----earlier----earliest

◇由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most 来表示它们的比较级和最高级。 不规则变化 特别提醒:◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”,还可指“程度更深”。 ◇e lder仅用于同辈之间的排行,如: elder sister(姐姐)

(完整版)形容词和副词比较级的变化规则

形容词和副词比较级的变化规则 兴隆庄镇桲椤树小学董广 1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est; (1)单音节词 如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest (2)双音节词 如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest 2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st; 如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest

3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest 5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most; 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily 注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。 例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

形容词、副词比较级和最高级用法讲解

形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法 1.原级的构成和用法 l)构成:形容词,副词的原级形式是形容词,副词的原形. 2)用法:表示双方在程度,性质,特征等某方面相等时,用“as 十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“ not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构;表示一方是另一方的若干倍时,用“倍数十as十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构. 例如: This building looks not so (as) high as that one. Ms.Sun speaks English as fluently as you. This room is three times as large as that one. 2.比较级和最高级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成: ①单音节形容词以及少数以- er,- ow结尾的形容词和副词加“er”,“est”.例如: great greater greatest narrow narrower narrowest fast faster fastest clever cleverer cleverest ②以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以- ble,- ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后,加“r”,“st”.例如: large larger largest able abler ablest simple simpler simplest ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词,其前的元音字母发短元音时,该辅音字母要双写,然后加“er”,“est”.例如: hot hotter hottest ④以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词要将y改为i,再加“er”,“est”,例如: easy easier easiest early earlier earliest happy happier happiest ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more或most.例如: beautiful more beautiful most beautiful carefully more carefully most carefully ⑥少数单音节形容词也加more和most构成比较级和最高级。例如: tired more tired most tired pleased more pleased most pleased ⑦下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法. cruel crueler cruelest more cruel most cruel often oftener oftenest more often most often strict stricter strictest more strict most strict friendly friendlier friendliest more friendly most friendly ⑧下列形容词,副词的比较级和最高级的构成不规则.

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 (一)规则变化: 1.绝大多数的单音节和少数双音节词,加词尾-er ,-est tall—taller—tallest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice—nicer—nicest , able—abler—ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词或少数双音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big—bigger—biggest 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est easy—easier—easiest 5.少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est clever—cleverer—cleverest, narrow—narrower—narrowest 6.其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easily—more easily—most easily (二)不规则变化 常见的有: good / well—better—best ; bad (ly)/ ill—worse—worst ; old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many / much—more—most ; little—less—least ; far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

用法: 1.原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)当as… as中间有名字时,采用as + adj. + a + n.或as + many / much + n. This is as good an example as the other is . I can carry as much paper as you can. 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时放在as的前面 This room is twice as big as that one. 倍数+as+adj.+as = 倍数+the +n.+of Your room is twice as larger as mine. = Your room is twice the size of mine. 2.比较级+ than 比较级前可加程度状语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, three years. five times,20%等 He is three years older than I (am). 表示“(两个中)较……的那个”时,比较级前常加the(后面有名字时前面才能加冠词) He is the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller than his two brothers. Which is larger, Canada or Australia? / Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 可用比较级形式表示最高级概念,关键是要用或或否定词等把一事物(或人)与其他同类事物(或人)相分离 He is taller than any other boy / anybody else.

初二英语 形容词和副词的比较级

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三、副词比较级和最高级的形式 (一)一般副词 hard→ ha rder →hardest fast→faster →fastest late→later →latest early→earlier →earliest (二)特殊副词 well →better →best much →more →most badly →worse →worst little →less →least (三)开放类副词 开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est,而应在副词原形前加more或most。如: quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly 四、形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法 (一)比较级 1.比较级通常由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+…” 构成,表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。连词than后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构,有时也可省去than。如: eg: Mary is happier than Jane. (形容词和系词连用) 玛丽比珍妮幸福。 eg: He lives more happily than I. (副词修饰行为动词) 他过得比我幸福。 2.注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如: eg: The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than it did for us. eg: Sound travels faster through water than through air. 3.比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰,表示“……得多”,“甚至……”,“更……”,“……一些”等意思。如: eg: Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。 用“…times + 形容词的比较级+ than…”句式表示倍数;用“表示数量的词+ 比较级” 来表示具体的比较差别。如:

形容词副词的比较级和最高级与用法

形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 nice (原级) nicer(比较级) nicest(最高级) 3)少数以-ow, -ple结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 narrow (原级) narrower(比较级)narrowest(最高级) simple (原级) simpler(比较级) simplest(最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6) 以–ing/ -ed结尾, 比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 boring (原级) more boring (比较级) most boring (最高级) interested (原级) more interested (比较级) most interested (比较级) 7) 以两个辅音结尾的形容词,比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 strict (原级) more strict (比较级) most strict (最高级) 8) 其他双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级) more beautiful (比较级) most beautiful (比较级) 副词的比较等级: 副词和形容词一样,也有它的比较级和最高级形式. 可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以词尾 -ly 结尾的副词(除 early )须用 more 和 most 。 hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest warmly more warmly most warmly 常用的不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级: 原级比较级最高级 good/well—better— best many— more —most much— more —most little — less —least bad/badly —worse —worst far — farther — farthest —further— furthest (far有两种比较级和最高级形式 farther/farthest多指距离上远近,further/furthest 多指程度上远近) old — older —oldest old — elder — eldest (old 有两种比较级和最高级形式 elder/eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。) My elder brother is an engineer. 我的哥哥是个工程师。 Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 玛利是三个姐妹中最大的。 late—later晚些的)—latest最晚的,近期的) late—latter(后者的)—last (最后的)I will see you later. 一会儿见。 His latest book is selling very well.他最近的新书十分畅销。 If offered red or white, I would choose the latter wine. 如果有人问我要白酒还是红酒,我选择后者。 That is the last time I invite him to dinner. 那是最后一次我请他吃饭。

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