初中英语语法之从属连词详细解析
从结构上说，英语连词分两大类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。而从属连词，连接两个或两个以上的分句，以此来形成复杂句中的从属分句。其引导的句子与主句的地位不平等，处在从属的地位，因此称之为从属连词。从属连词主要用来引导名词性从句和状语从句。名词性从句主要有：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句；而状语从句主要有时间、条件、目的、结果、原因、让步、方式、地点和比较状语从句。各种从句的连词主要如下表所示：以上连词的用法主要如下：
1.名词性从句：（1）that,if和whether：that表示肯定、确定之意；if和whether译为是否，含有否定、不确定之意。Whether he will come here is still unknown to us.我们还不知道他来不来。I doubt(whether)if the answer is right.我怀疑这答案是否正确。I dont doubt that the answer is right.我不怀疑这答案是正确的。（2）if和whether：引导宾语从句时，两者可互换；引导主语、同位语和表语从句时，只能用whether，不能用if。宾从：He wanted to know whether(if)they could help him.他想知道他们能否帮他。主从：Whether you will come or not doesnt matter.你来不来都无所谓。
同从：They are discussing about the question whether it will rain tomorrow.他们在讨论明天会不会下雨这个问题。表从：The question is whether he will come here.问题是他会不会来。 2.状语从句：（1）时间：We were about to leave when it began to rain.就在我们要离开时，天开始下雨。（2）地点：Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成。（3）条件：If it rains tomorrow,we will not go out.明天若是下雨，我们就不出门了。（4）目的：He read aloud in order to make everybody hear him.为了让所有人都听见，他大声地朗读。（5）结果：He was so careless that he made many mistakes in his work.他太粗心了，以致于工作中出现了很多错误。（6）原因：Because it is going to rain,the meeting is put off.由于天要下雨，所以会议取消了。（7）让步：Although he was young,he knew a lot.尽管他年轻，他知道很多东西。（8）方式：He behaves as if he were a child.他的举止就像个孩子。（9）比较：He runs more quickly than his sister does.他比他妹妹跑得快。今天的内容就介绍到这里了。
课题语法5课型新授具体内容介词第课时2课时 教学目标1、掌握表示时间、地点等介词的用法与区别 2、能通过自己归纳总结与介词有关的法语规则 3、能灵活按照语法规则正确使用代词 教学重点掌握表示时间、地点等介词的用法等相关知识，并能灵活使用教学难点各用法相似的介词之间的区别 教学方法引导探究法 教具准备PPT 教学过程一、导入 1．介词大家都见过，随便说出几个介词（for, about, on, in, at…） 2. 那大家知道介词都有哪些用法？比如，有些介词放在表示时间的词前面，(at nine o’clock, on Monday)有的介词放在表示地点的词前面，(on the floor, in the wall)，那么今天具体来看一下介词的使用。 二、表示时间的介词 1、in; on; at 1)指长于或短于一天的时段用in，如in the afternoon， in February， in Summer， in 1999等 2) 指某天用on，如on Monday， on the end of November，指某天的早晚用on，如on Friday morning， on the afternoon of September lst 等。 3）表示时间点用at，如at four o’clock， at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at，如at that time， at Christmas等。 口诀：in年in月；on 日子；at放在时刻前。 2、since; from; for 1) since指从某是一直延续至今，后接时间点，主句用完成时。 He has live here since 1993. 2) from说明开始的时间，谓语可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态。 From now on, I will learn English in the mornings.
初中英语语法课教案设计 初中英语语法课教案设计 一、牛津版初中英语教材与人教版教材语法内容的异同 牛津版初中英语教材在内容上更加贴近现实生活，在语法知识上也有所改变，增加了间接引语这一知识点。这就要求老师要对教材 的语法知识进行深入地分析和研究，准确把握语法重点和难点，找 到最合适学生学习的方法，提升学生的英语语法学习兴趣，使学生 扎实掌握英语语法。 二、牛津版初中英语教材与人教版教材语法的具体差异 （一）牛津版教材更强调现在时语法 牛津版初中英语教材的“现在进行时”与“一般现在时”出现的先后顺序有所调整，而且没有“过去将来时”这一语法点。这一顺 序的调整不会对学生的学习产生较大影响，“过去将来时”可以在 学生学习“过去完成时”时提出。“现在进行时”与“一般现在时”主要是让学生掌握区分助动词形式：do/does/is/are；区分动词形式：read/reads/reading。 （二）牛津版教材被动语态出现较早 被动语态出现的时间比较早，学生比较难以理解，例如学生对“Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.”这句话的理解就 容易产生困难。因此教师在教学时就要使学生回顾过去学过的几种 基本时态，通过基本时态反过来理解被动语态，这样就可以起到融 汇贯通的作用。 （三）牛津版教材新增间接引语语法 间接引语是牛津版英语教材中新增的内容，学生之前从来没有接触过，学生在学习时就会产生障碍，不容易理解。
“HeaskedmeifIhadanypaper.”这句话是如何体现间接引语的语法 特征的以及如何将直接引语转化为间接引语学生都是第一次接触， 教师在设计教案时要抓住宾语从句作为间接引语的教学重点。从宾 语从句入手，讲解间接引语的语法特点和直接引语转化为间接引语 的方法，深入浅出，这样就会使学生更容易理解间接引语的语法特点，及时掌握间接引语的转换方式，提升学生英语语法的基础水平。 三、语法课教案设计措施 教案是教师开展教学的重要手段，教案好坏直接关系到教学质量。合格的教案能最大程度地体现教师的教学水平，能够激发学生的学 习兴趣，使学生在短时间内有效地接受新知识。 （一）教案要有针对性 教师在设计教案时要有针对性。一是要针对学生的`学习特点和 身心发展的特点，掌握学生之间学习水平的差异，这样就可以合理 安排教学环节和教学进程。教师在设计教案时，要制定有层次性的 学习目标，设置不同难度的问题，根据学生的学习特点设置提问环节，使学生都能够在课堂上有所收获，能够体会到学习过程中的成 就感，激发学生的学习兴趣，提升语法教学质量。二是要针对教学 内容准确把握各类语法的重难点，将重点知识传授给学生，如在讲 间接引语时要着重讲解宾语从句的语法特点。这样就可以事半功倍，使学生更有针对性地开展学习活动，有助于提升学生的英语成绩。 （二）教案要有创新性 教师在设计教案时，要充分调动自身的能力，对教材内容进行深入剖析，对学生心理进行深入解读。初中阶段，学生的好奇心、好 胜心较强，教师在设计教案时要充分尊重学生的这些特点。不断创 新教学形式，开展合作学习和探究式学习，引导学生进入到教师创 设的教学情境中，激发学生的想象力和创造力，充分调动学生的积 极性。在教案中最好设计小组竞技教学活动内容，打破传统灌输式 教育模式，提升学生的学习兴趣，保证良好的教学效果。 教案中还要注意提问的技巧，提问要注重知识点的迁移，促使学生能够积极思考。例如在提问被动语态的特点时，学生可能不太了
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
连词 (一) 正误辨析 1、［误］Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. ［正］Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. ［析］在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"。 2、［误］He or his parents has some tickets for the film. ［正］He or his parents have some tickets for the film. ［析］由or 连接两主语时，谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。 3、［误］You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. ［正］You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. ［析］or作为连词，这里的意思为"否则"。又如：Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 4、［误］Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［正］Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. ［正］He is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［析］"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是"，用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然"，二者只可用其一。 5、［误］Either you or I are on duty. ［正］Either you or I am on duty. ［析］either…or 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。 6、［误］Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. ［正］Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. ［析］并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。 7、［误］My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. ［正］My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. ［析］由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如用不定式则都应用不定式，这是初学者要注意的一点。 8、［误］My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. ［正］My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. ［析］两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接，要用并列连词来连接。 9、［误］My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［正］My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［析］宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用。 10、［误］We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. ［正］We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. ［析］用both…and…作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同。 11、［误］Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. ［正］Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. ［析］由not only…but also…连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。
初中英语语法大全 名词 （一）概述 名词就是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词,可以说名词就是万物之名称。它们可以就是: 人的名字Li Ming, Tom 地方名称China, London 职业称呼teacher, doctor 物品名称pencil, dictionary 行为名称study, invention 抽象概念history, grammar (二)普通名词与专有名词 1.普通名词 凡不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词,都属于普通名词。这类名词在所有的名词中占绝大多数。普通名词大致有以下四种类型: 1)个体名词 个体名词指作为个体而存在的人或物。可以指具体的人或物,例如: He has two aunts、她有两个姑姑。 Most classrooms have computers、多数教室里都有电脑。 也可指抽象东西,例如: We’ve lived here for twenty years、我们在这里住了二十年了。 I had a dream last night 我昨晚做了一个梦。 个体名词有复数形式,如:weeks, problems;单数形式可以与a/an连用,如:a week, a problem, an old man、 2)集体名词 集体名词表示由个体组成的集体,下面就是一些常见的集体名词: family(家,家庭) army(军队) company(公司;全体船员) enemy(敌人) government(政府) group(小组,团体) public(公众) team(队;组) police(警方) 集体名词有时作单数瞧待,有时作复数瞧待。一般说来,视为整体时作单数瞧待,想到它的成员时作复 有的集体名词通常用作单数,例如: Our company is sending him to work in Berlin、我们公司将派她去柏林工作。 有的集体名词多作复数瞧待。例如: The police are looking for him、警察正在找她。 3)物质名词 物质名词指无法分为个体的东西,我们学过的常见的物质名词有: beer, cloth, coal, coffee, coke, cotton, ice, ink, jam, juice, meat, medicine, metal, milk, oil paper, rain, salad, salt, sand, snow, soup, steel, sugar, tea, water, wine, wood, wool等。 一般说来,物质名词就是不可数折,因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况: a.有些物质名词可用作可数名词,表示“一份”,“一杯”: Tree beers, please、请来三杯啤酒。 A chocolate ice-cream for me、给我一份巧克力冰淇淋。 b.有此物质名词可作可数名词,表示“一种”:
初中英语语法大全(必备)
英语语法大全： 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do （例如:I like watching monkeys jump） 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同····一道，伴随······（例如: I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树） 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）（例如: ask you for my book ） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时（例如：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾（例如: At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 （例如: I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原）能够……（例如: She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么（例如:she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……（例如: I'm afraid to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么（例如: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视、I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气（例如: Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样（例如: She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to感到羞愧 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害（例如: Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于
一、选择题 1．I quite like noodles_________ my cousin doesn't. A．or B．so C．and D．but 2．I know her, ____________I forget（忘了）her name. A．so B．and C．but 3．I live far away from my school, ________ I have to get up early every day. A．and B．but C．so D．or 4．______ Lucy ______Wendy speaks good English, so they cannot communicate with these British students very well. A．Neither, nor B．Not only, but also C．Both, and D．Either, or 5．I really want to go back to my hometown, ________ I don't have time. A．if B．but C．or D．as 6．—Will you go to Nanjing by bus _____ by plane? —By plane. It is expensive ______ fast. A．or; but B．or; and C．and; but D．and; and 7．—Have you ever tried food in Singapore? —Yes.______ you like Indian food, Western food ______ Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore. A．Either；or B．Neither；nor C．Both；and D．Whether；or 8．Is getting up late good____ bad for our health? A．and B．or C．but D．for 9．— Would you like some cakes? — No, thanks. They smell delicious I’m not hungry. A．and B．so C．but D．or 10．—Ancient Chinese believed that traveling ten thousand miles is as important as reading ten thousand books. —I agree. It’s just like the popular saying “Make sure that your body your soul（灵魂）is on the way.” A．both; and B．not; but C．neither; nor D．either; or 11．He ________ like baseball. ________ he likes football. A．don’t, but B．doesn’t, and C．doesn’t, but D．/, and 12．Get up early, John. you will be late for the class. A．And B．But C．So D．Or 13．－I like apples,_______ I like pears, too. What about you,Linda? －Well,I like pears _______ I don't like apples. A．and;and B．but; but C．but;and D．and; but 14．The shop isn't open, she can’t buy her favourite chocolate.
1 . (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen 从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 to 、look at ( 感官动词)+（sb. ）+do sth. eg : I am/ feel confident of myspoken English. eg:I like watching monkeys jump. I feel that I can pass the test . 2 . （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样18. be + doing 表：1现在进行时2将来时 eg:the more the more 越来越多19 . be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够?? 3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing. 4 . agree with sb赞成某人20. be able to do sth. 能够干什么 5 . all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样e g :she is able to sing . 6 . all over the world = the whole world 整个21. be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕??世界eg : I'm afraed to go out at night . 7. along with 同??一道，伴随??I'm afraid of dog. eg : I will go along with you. 我将和你一起去22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么 The students planted trees along with their eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允 8. as soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 许看电视 9 . as you can see 你是知道的(正如你所见)23. be angry with sb 生某人的气 10 . ask for ??求助向?要?（直接接想要的东e g : Don't be angry with me. 西）24. be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 12. ask sb to do sth询问某人某事 为什么而生某人的气 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事25. be as ?原级?as 和什么一样 13 . at the age of 在??岁时eg : She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高 eg ：I amsixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen . 26. be ashamed to 14. at the beginning of ????的起初；??27. be away from远离 的开始28. be away from 从??离开 15. at the end of + 地点/+时间最后；尽头；末29. be bad for对什么有害 尾eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eg : At the end of the day eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 16. at this time of year 在每年的这个时候30. be born 出生于 17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause + 31. be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事
连词 (一) 1、［误］Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. ［正］Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. ［析］在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确" 2、［误］He or his parents has some tickets for the film. ［正］He or his parents have some tickets for the film. ［析］由or 3、［误］You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. ［正］You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. ［析］or作为连词，这里的意思为"否则"。又如：Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 4、［误］Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［正］Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. ［正］He is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［析］"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是"，用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然" 5、［误］Either you or I are on duty. ［正］Either you or I am on duty. ［析］either…or 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither…nor, not only…but also 6、［误］Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. ［正］Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. ［析］并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不 7、［误］My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. ［正］My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. ［析］由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如 8、［误］My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. ［正］My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. ［析］ 9、［误］My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［正］My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［析］ 10、［误］We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. ［正］We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. ［析］用both…and 11、［误］Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. ［正］Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. ［析］由not only…but also…连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应
宾语从句教学设计 一、导入 1.复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。 I play basketball. We are talking about our homework.. 2.宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。 3.I love that I can earn some coupons. 板书：He knows me. He knows what’s wrong with his wife. 说出2个句子的宾语。 说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。 第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。 说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。 A．He said that he had a very good journey home. B．He asked if /whether they had come. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office. 总结：。。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。 初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 时态 1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略 比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改） A．He said that he had a very good journey home. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. 2）由从属连词whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从
一、选择题 1．-How do you keep healthy? -I don't eat much meat, I do exercise every day. A．or B．so C．but D．and 2．We just need one of you for the game. you your brother can join us. A．Both; and B．Either; or C．Not only; but also D．Neither; nor 3．__________ Amy likes to go to the cinema, but she doesn’t like to see horror films. A．Since B．As C．Though D．不填 4．Mike does his homework and __________ to play football after school every day. A．goes B．go C．to go D．went 5．Don't run so fast, ____________you might fall over. A．or B．and C．unless 6．I know her, ____________I forget（忘了）her name. A．so B．and C．but 7．I don't want to buy the jeans because__________ the colour_________the size fits me. A．both,and B．neither,nor C．either,or D．not only,but also 8．-- I bought Granny a present, ＿＿＿ she didn't like it. A．but B．and C．or D．so 9．My brother will get up early tomorrow morning ___________ he must go to bed now. A．and B．but C．so D．or 10．The supermarket is far away from here, ___________ you'd better take a taxi. A．because B．if C．so D．or 11．I live far away from my school, ________ I have to get up early every day. A．and B．but C．so D．or 12．Mike is good at playing basketball ______Bruce does well in football . A．when B．until C．since D．while 13．Is getting up late good____ bad for our health? A．and B．or C．but D．for 14．My grandfather is over 70 ______ he thinks he is very young. A．and B．so C．because D．but 15．I quite like noodles_________ my cousin doesn't. A．or B．so C．and D．but 16．My grandfather is 85 years old. he's in excellent condition. A．Or B．And C．As D．So 17．I like fruit _________ I don't eat too much. A．and B．but C．because 18．—What do you usually do in the evening？
第3单元数词 （一）基数词 1、1～100的构成 2、3位数构成，例如234 读作：two hundred and thirty-four 3、hundred, thousand, million表示确切数目不加 如：three hundred people,但表示不确切数字时应加s,如thousands of stars 4、千位以上的数，从个位向左数，每三位加一个“，”，第一个逗号前为thousand,第二个逗号前为million,第三个逗号前为billion,如7,543，812，应为seven million, five hundred and forty-three thousand, eight hundred and twelve.注意在百位数和十位数之间要用and连接。（二）序数词 1、序数词构成注意first, second, third, fifth, ninth, twentieth, twenty-first, etc.的特殊形式。 2、序数词用于句中，它之前需加the,但有时用不定冠词a(an)表示“再一，又一”如 When I sit down, a third man came in. （三）分数 基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。分子大于1时，分子的序数词用单数，分母序数词用复数。 6 ,5/9 six and five ninths （四）时刻表达法 2∶25，two twenty-five or twenty-3∶40，three forty or twenty to four （五）日期表达法 2002年5月20日 注意：带有数词的名词作定语时，一般用单数形式 a seven-year-- a five-pound note （六）倍数表示法 A. 主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + as。 『例』I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。 B. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ the size （amount，length…）of…。 『例』The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。 C. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ 形容词（副词）比较级+ than…。 『例』The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。
初中英语语法：情态动词讲解及练习情态动词讲解及练习（Modal Verbs） * 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词（Modal Auxiliaries）”，因为它和基本助动词（be,do, have）都属于助动词类。* 情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。* 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。* 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。* 常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, shall, should,will, would，must,这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare等。 一、九大情态动词的时态关系： 1. 现在式 can -- 过去式 could 2. 现在式 may -- 过去式 might 3. 现在式 shall -- 过去式 should 4. 现在式 will -- 过去式 would 5. 现在式 must -- 过去式 must （常用had to来代替） 二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测” （1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”： 1. He can't be at home. 他不可能在家。（否定句） 2. Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗? （将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句） 3. Anybody can make mistake. 任何人都可能犯错误。（只表示理论上的可能性） （2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”： 1. It may rain tomorrow. （表示可能会发生）明天可能会下雨。 2. It may snow later this afternoon. （表示预测）今天下午可能会下雪。 3. You might be right. （表示有可能）你可能是对的。 （3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”： 1. I think he will be all right now. 我想他现在一定好了。（will be 表示一定会） 2. That would be his mother. 那肯定是他母亲。（would be 表示肯定是） 3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.
初中英语语法教学教案 教学思路: 本节课我教的是情态动词can和could作“能力”解时的区别。这节课我打算通过复习以前学过的情态动词can的用法，以及通过做游戏，让学生在轻松愉快的氛围中掌握can的用法，以及了解can和could的区别。 一、Teaching Content: Topic:Unit5Can you play the guitar? Grammar：Using “can”/“could”to talk about ability 二、Teaching Aims: https://www.doczj.com/doc/7510064753.html,e can talk about the ability at present. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7510064753.html,e could talk about ability in the past. 三、Teaching Key and D ifficult Points: H ow to use “can”and “could”to express ability in the present and past. 四、Teaching Methods: Task-Based Language Teaching Method 五、Teaching Procedures: Step 1：Warming up Task 1: Revision T: What can you do now? S1: I can sing. S2: I can draw S3: I can dance. T: Can you ride a bike / swim / fly a kite / play football / play chess? Ss:Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. Task 2: Playing a game T: Now let us play a game.Five students come to the front and perform fo r t h e class according to myinstructions.andgestures.Theothers answer my questio ns. T : What can she do? Ss : She can ride a bike /swim/ fly a kite/ play football / play chess . T: Can she swim/ fly a kite/play football /play chess. Ss: Yes ,She can? No, she can’t. T: Say the whole sentences: eg: Acan ride a bike. He can’t/ cannot swim. Step2:Presentation T: Can you ride a bike now? S1:Yes. I can T:Couldyou ride a bike five years ago ? Yes, I could./ No, I couldn’t ( Help him answer) S1:Yes, I could./ No, I couldn’t. T: we can use “could”t talk about the past .e.gI can play computer now .But, last year I couldn’t play.