人教版高中英语必修一知识点汇总
Unit 1 Friendship
一、重点单词及短语
1.be good to对待…好
be good for对…有好处
be good at 擅长make good 有成就；成功as good as 实际上；几乎等于
a good deal 许多，大量彻底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink喝个痛快
2.add up
特别注意有关的几个词组：
add…to… 给…添加…, 把…加到…上
add to 增添，增加
add up 把…加起来
add up to 合计达…
*If you add 5 to 5, you get 10.
*She added sugar to the tea.
*If you add some pictures to your report, that will be better.
*The bad weather added to our difficulties.
*Every time I add these figures up, I get a different answer.
*His monthly income added up to no more than $1,000.
翻译：请对我的话做些补充。
Please add something to what I’ve said.
请帮我把这些数字加起来。
Please add up these figures for me.
3.upset(upset,upset)vt.使难过、不安；
adj.难过的，不安的
*Losing the game upset her.
*His friend’s death upset him very much.
*I’ll be really upset if you don’t come.
*I was very upset to see she was hurt.
*You look upset---what’s happened?
4.ignore vt.忽略，没注意；不理睬
*Even the most careful person may ignore it.
*It’s a question that can be easily ignored.
*I greeted him, but he ignored me.
5.calm adj.平静的，镇静的；风平浪静的
vt.使平静
*After the storm, the sea was calm again.
*Keep calm in time of danger.
*Don’t be nervous; calm yourself, please.
calm down平静下来
*I told him to calm down.
6.concern vt.关系到，和…有关；使关心
*This matter concerns all of us.
*I’m not concerned with this matter again.
be concerned about关心…;为…担心
*Please don’t be concerned about me.
7.go through 经历，经受；审阅，检查
*Most families went through a lot during the war.
*I can’t go through these letters in an hour.
8. “make her diary her best friend”
“call my friend Kitty”
make和call都能以名词作宾语补足语，即
make+sb./sth.+n. 使某人/某物成为…
call+sb./sth.+n. 称某人/某物为…
*We must try to make our country a strong one.
*All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
*We called messenger msn in short.
*What do you call it?
9.everything to do with nature
something/anything/everything/nothing to do with
与…有关/无关
*What he is doing has nothing to do with his work.
10.far too much实在太多
too much(+n.)太多(…), 超过某人的能力
far/much too+adj./adv.实在太…
too much homework
The work is too much for a boy like him.
It’s (much/far) too hot today
much/ far too much实在太多
11.suffer vi.受苦,受痛苦,受损失
vt.受到,遭受
*He suffered terribly when his mother died.
*He looked pale, and seemed to have suffered a lot/a great deal. *We suffered a set-back/no pain.
suffer from遭受，患(病)
*I suffered much from lack of rest.
suffer from cold/cancer
12.recover vt.恢复vi.痊愈
*She recovered her health.
*Amy is recovering from a severe illness.
*He is unlikely to recover.
13.get tired of对…开始感到厌烦(表动作)
be tired of对…感到厌烦(表状态)
14.get along with和…相处；进展
*They get along quite well with each other.
*How are you getting along with your classmates?
*How are you getting along with your English?
*I’m getting along well with my study.
15.exactly adv.确切地；正是；说的对
*You must tell me exactly what you’re doing?
*That’s exactly what I want.
*It looks exactly like an elephant’s leg.
*Exactly!(=That’s right.)
16.grateful adj.感激的
*I’m very grateful to you for your advice.
=Thank you very much for your advice.
17.join
A.参加，加入(成为其中的成员)
*He joined the army/the Party 3 years ago.
*He is too young to join the club.
B.join sb.和某人一起（从事某活动）
*Will you join us for dinner?
*I’ll join you later.
*May I join you in the game?
C.join in参加某活动(=take part in)
*A lot of newcomers joined in the discussion.
*May I join in the game?
二、重点句型
1. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?
2. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
3. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.
4. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
5. It/This/That is the first /second…time that＋现在完成时
“某人第一／二次做……”
eg. It is the first time that I have been to the airport.
It/This/That was the first / second…time
that＋过去完成时
eg. It was the second time that I had seen him.
三、语法
语法----直接引语和间接引语
概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。
例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”
Mr. Black said that he was busy.
变化规则
（一）陈述句的变化规则
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。
人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思
例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.
2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.”
→ He told me that he had left his book in my room.
例：
“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.
→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
The boy said, “I’m using a knife.”
→ The boy said that he was using a knife.
▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：
He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
(二) 祈使句的变化规则
如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：
The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”
→ The hostess asked us to sit down.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→ He told the boys not to make so much noise.
（三）疑问句的变化规则
如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。
一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例:
“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says.
→ The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.
2) 特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：
“What do you want?” he asked me.
→ He asked me what I wanted.
Unit 2 English around the world
一、重点单词及短语
1.because和because of
*We were late because it rained.
We were late because of the rain.
*He no longer works here because he is old.
He no longer works here because of his old age.
用because of改写句子：
*He didn’t go to school because he was ill.
*He didn’t come because his leg was broken
*We had to stay at home because the weather was bad.
*I realized that she was upset _____what I had said.
2.actually实际上
表示同类意思的还有：
in fact，as a matter of fact, in reality
3.be based on根据，以…为基础
该词组来源于base sth. on sth.把…建立在…基础上
*Alice always bases her opinions on the facts.
=Alice’s opinions are always based on the facts.
be concerned about…来源于concern oneself about…
be tired of来源于tired …of…
4.the English language英语
此时要用定冠词the
对比：
*He can speak English.
He can speak the English language.
*Chinese is difficult to learn.
The Chinese language is difficult to learn.
*I’ve learned Japanese for five years.
I’ve learned the Japanese language for five years.
5.vocabulary
*English has a much larger vocabulary than French.
*The child has a very large vocabulary for his age.
*He has a vocabulary of about 5,000 English words.
*Your vocabulary is too small; you should learn more words.
6.the 1600s或the 1600’s十七世纪
读作the sixteen hundreds
the 1980’s/the 1980s二十世纪八十年代
7.make use of利用
我们必须好好利用时间。
*We must make good use of our time.
这本字典应该充分利用。
*The dictionary should be made full use of.
(Full use must be made of the dictionary.)
8.the latter（两个中）后者
the former…, the latter…前者…,后者…
*John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is an engineer.
*Of the pig and the cow, the latter is more valuable.
9.a number of和the number of
对比：
*A number of students in our college are from the south.
*The number of the students who are from the south is small.
a number of后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数；
the number of后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。
10.hold on坚持；别挂断
*Hold on; everything will be all right.
*Hold on a minute!
*If you hold on for a moment, I’ll get him for you.
11.play a part/role in起作用；扮演角色
*She played an important part/role in winning the match.
*What part/role did he play?
*He played a leading part/role in the film.
12.recognise vt.认出，承认，认识到
*Dogs recognize people by their smell.
当我那天去机场接他时，他一开始没认出我。
*When I met him at the airport the other day, he didn’t recognize me at first.
*The United States does not recognize the PLO.
二、重点句型
1.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
2.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.
3. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
三、语法
语法----英语中的命令（command）语气和请求(request)语气
命令语气：表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级
例：1. “ Look at the example”, the teacher said to us.
2. Open the window!
请求语气：表示请求某人做某事，语气比较缓和，非常礼貌
例：1. “ Would you like to see my flat?” She asked.
2. Would you please open the window?
Unit 3 Travel Journal
一、重点单词及短语
1.prefer
A.prefer sth.
*Which do you prefer?
I prefer the blue one.
B.prefer sth.A to sth.B
*I prefer the town to the big city.
C.prefer to do/ doing
*I prefer being alone.
*I prefer to take a walk after supper.
D.prefer doing A to doing B
*I prefer walking there to going by bus.
E.prefer to do A rather than do B
*I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.
F.prefer sb. to do
*I prefer you to stay at home.
2.ever since=since(自从) prep. conj. & adv.
*I haven’t been back to my hometown (ever) since childhood.
*I haven’t been back to my hometown (ever) since I left 30 years ago.
*I left my hometown 30 years ago and haven’t been back there (ever) since.
*He returned home in 2001 and has stayed there (ever) since.
*He has stayed there (ever) since 2001.
*The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power ____ increased enormously ever since.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. had been
(答案为C)
3.persuade
persuade sb. to do sth说服某人做某事
*Finally we persuaded him to come with us.
*He persuaded me to buy the house and now I’m glad he did.
注意：如果说而不服则应该说：
advise sb. to do或try to persuade sb. to do
*I advised(tried to persuade) him to give up smoking but he wouldn’t listen.
4.graduate vi.毕业; n.毕业生;adj.研究生的
*He graduated from university last year.
*He graduated in engineering last year.
a college graduate大学毕业生
a graduate student研究生
5.It was my sister who…
这是个强调句。强调句的句型：
It is/was+被强调部分+that…
1)I met him in the park yesterday.→
分别对非强调句中划线部分强调
*It was I that/who met him in the park yesterday.
(强调人而且作主语时可用who)
*It was him that I met in the park yesterday.
*It was in the park that I met him yesterday.
*It was yesterday that I met him in the park.
2)一般疑问句的强调句
只需把“It is/was+被强调部分+that…”改为“Is/Was it+被强调部分+that…”即可。
3)特殊疑问句的强调句
*He didn’t come because he was ill. →
It was because he was ill that he didn’t come.
→Why was it that he didn’t come?
*Who was it that met him in the park yesterday?
*When was it that you met him in the park?
*Where was it that you met him yesterday?
*Whom/Who was it that you met in the park yesterday?
*He stayed in London for three months.→
*How long was it that he stayed in London?
4)特别注意not…until…如何变为强调句
*He didn’t go to bed until we came back.→
It was not until we came back that he went to bed.
5)强调句的特点：
1)必须要有it, be动词和that, 缺一不可。
2)被强调部分必须是代词,名词，时间副词和地点副词以及从句。
3)如同非强调句可改为强调句一样，强调句也应能够还原成非强调句。
6.where it begins在它（河）开始的地方
where可作连词，引导地点状语从句，意为“在/到…的地方”.
*This is where I was born.
*The book is where you put it yesterday.
*Take him where it’s quiet.
*I will meet you where we first met.
*Bamboo grows best where it’s warm and wet.
7.be fond of
*Which subject are you fond of?
I’m fond of geography.
*She’s fond of speaking English.
对比：
*----Which subject do you like?
----I like geography.
*She likes speaking English.
8.way of doing sth做某事的方式/方法
也可说way to do sth.
9.insist vt.&vi.坚持要求，一定要
A.insist on doing
*He insisted on leaving right now.
*I insist on knowing the truth.
*I insist on you giving us reply.
*I insisted upon her staying in London.
*I insisted on being told the truth.
*We insisted on him being sent to hospital at once.
B.insist that从句中用should+原形或只用原形)
*We insisted (that) he (should) be sent to hospital at once.
*I insist he go at once.
*He insisted the plan be carried out as soon as possible.
如果表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，则从句动词形式不受限制。
10.determined adj.决心，坚定的
*I’m determined not to follow his advice.
*They are determined to win the game.
*She is a determined woman, who always gets what she wants. 11.an altitude of 5,000 metres
类似的说法：
*China has a population of 1.3 billion.
*China has an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.
*The Mekong has a length of more than 4,000 km.
*He was driving at a speed of 80 km an hour.
12.once conj.一旦
*Once you make a promise, you should keep it.
*Once you show fear, he will attack you.
13.make up one’s mind
*He made up his mind to learn English well.
*They made up their minds to cycle along the Mekong.
=They decided to cycle along the Mekong.
=They were determined to cycle along the Mekong.
14.give in(to) vi.(向…)让步，(向…)屈服
*In the end I had to give in.
*Don’t give in to him.
give up vt.放弃
*He gave up his job to look after his invalid mother.
*I give up smoking ten years ago.
15.through the valley, across…
through the door(window, wall, tunnel, forest, city, crowd, valley, street)
across the river(square, street, desert, lake, bridge, surface, room, hall)
16.bend vt.使弯曲vi.弯腰, 拐弯n.拐弯处
*He bent his head and hurried on.
*What will happen if I bend the ruler?
*He bent down and picked it up.
*The river bends westward.
*The river is full of bends.
17.attitude to/toward(s)对…的态度
*What’s WangWei’s attitude to/towards the trip?
18.change…for…以…换…
*change the house for a larger one
*Change your dirty clothes for clean ones
二、重点句型
1.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.
2.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
3.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
4.She gave me a determined look – the kind that said that she would not change her mind.
5.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.
三、语法
现在进行时表将来
现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.
例：1. I’m coming. 我就来
2. what are you doing next Sunday ? 你下个星期天做什么？
3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我听说你将沿湄公河旅行
4. Where are you staying at night? 你们晚上待在哪里/
Unit 4 Earthquakes
一、重点单词及短语
1.think little/badly of认为…不好;对…不在意
*I think little of that plan.
*He thought badly of me before.
think much/highly/well of对…评价很高
2.as if/as though似乎，好像
A.以“it looks/seems as if+句子”的形式出现
*It looks as if it’s going to rain.
*It seems as if we’ll have to walk home.
B.以“主语+look/seem/taste/smell/feel等系动词+as if…”的形式出现
*The milk tastes as if it has already gone bad.
*He looked as if he were a stranger here.
*She felt as if something bad would happen.
C.以as if 从句作状语的形式出现
*I love you as if you were my own child.
*I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.
2.one-third of the nation; two-thirds of them
全国三分之一的地方;他们中三分之二的人
英语中分数的构成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子超过1时，分母用复数。one third/a third 三分之一
two thirds 三分之二
a fifth/one fifth 五分之一
three-fifths 五分之三
特殊分数的表示
one half/a half 二分之一
one fourth/a quarter 四分之一
three fourths/three quarters 四分之三
（参见教材P.83）
3.however 然而，不过
可位于句首、句中或句末，但要加逗号。
*He said that it was so; he was wrong, however.
*However, the medicine did not have much effect.
*The medicine, however, did not have much effect.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7515598113.html,st vi.持续
*The hot weather lasted for a whole week.
*But their friendship didn’t last long.
5.All hope was not lost.希望并没有全部失去。
all+not(无论not在句中什么位置)均表示部分否定。
*Not all the students are here.
=All the students are not here.
并不是所有的学生都在这里。
*I didn’t understand all that he said.
every, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, both+not都表示部分否定。
*Both of them are not from America.
=Not both of them are from America.
*I can understand what he said, but not every word.
*You can not find it everywhere.
若要表示全部否定，则要用none, neither.
*None of them are here.所有的人都不在。
*None of them is here.没有一个人在。
*Neither of them is from America.
6.the dead死了的人
某些形容词和分词前面加the，可表示一类
the blind 盲人; the old老人
the sick 病人the injured受伤的人
the rich 富人the poor 穷人
7.to the north of the city在城市以北
在east/south/west/north前可分别用介词in/on/to,表示不同的位置关系，in表示在某范围内；on表示在范围外但又相邻；to表示范围以外且不相邻。
*China in the east of Asia.
*Japan is to the east of China.
*Russia is on the north of China.
8.refer to
*refer to a dictionary/the reference book/ one’s notes, etc. 查阅，参照
*When I said someone was lazy, I wasn’t referring to you.指，提到
*Don’t refer to the matter again.
9.frightened/frightening
某些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词都可以作定语和表语，但意义不同，现在分词(-ing)表示“令人…”,而过去分词(-ed)则表示“感到…”,
*a frightened boy 一个吓坏了的男孩
a frightening sound 令人害怕的声音
*excited students 激动的学生
exciting news 令人激动的消息
*surprised guests 感到意外的客人
a surprising result 令人意外的结果
*The nation was shocked at the news.
The news was shocking.
10.congratulation n.祝贺
congratulate vt.祝贺
congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth
名词也一样：congratulation on…
但名词常用复数
*We offered our congratulations to him on winning the prize.
*—I won the first prize.
—Congratulations!
11.have you speak to the park visitors
have在此作使役动词“使，让”解释，其后面的宾语和宾补是主动关系时，宾补用不带to的原形，即“have sb. do sth.”此时相当于“make/let sb. do sth”.
*I’ll have/make my brother do the work.
*Don’t forget to have him come.
但get sb. to do sth.
二、重点句型
1. The number of the people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. P26
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. P26
3. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. P26
4．It was a city whose hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. P26
5. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. P26
6. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. P26
三、语法
定语从句
概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
成分：先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系代词：that，which，who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose)；
或者关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句的作用。
1. 关系代词that的用法
关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主语，也能做宾语
例：1）A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)
2）The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物，作宾语)
3）Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人，作主语)
4）The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人，作宾语)
2. 关系代词which的用法
关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，但既可以做宾语也能作主语
例：1）They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语)
2）The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语)
3. 关系代词who，whom的用法
关系代词who,whom 只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语
例：1）The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)
2）The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作宾语)、
4. 关系代词whose在的用法
关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。
例：1）This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人，作主语)
2）The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物，作主语)
3）He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物，作宾语)
5. 关系副词when的用法
关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语
例：1）I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.
2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?
6. 关系副词where在定语从句中的用法
关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语
例：1）This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.
2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.
7. 关系副词why在定语从句中的用法
关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语
例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I left.
2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
一、重点单词及短语
1.devote vt.
(1) devote sth. to (doing) sth. 把时间(钱，精力等)献给某事物。
如：They devoted a great deal of money to the improvement of the railway station. 他们花了一大笔钱来改善火车站的条件。
He devoted all his free time to playing the piano.
他把所有的业余的时间都用来弹钢琴。
(2). devote oneself to sb (doing sth) 献身于或致力于(做)某事。
如：After he graduated, he continued to devote himself to research. 毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。He devoted himself to helping the poor. 他致力于帮助穷人。
(3) 喜欢，热爱。如：
She devoted herself to tennis in her teens. 她在少女时代热衷于网球。
(4). be devoted to sb (doing sth)
①致力于，献身于。如：
The students are devoted to their studies. 学生们专心于习。
②喜欢，疼爱。如：
She is devoted to her children. 她疼爱她的孩子
2 out of + n. 短语
out of work 失业
out of control控制不了的
out of date 过时的
out of breath上气不接下气的
out of touch失去联系
out of balance失去平衡
3. “The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, …”
see vt. 目睹, 经历，不用于进行时, 主语通常是表示时间、地点的名词/代词。
e.g. The old house has seen their happy life.
这一所老房子见证了他们的幸福生活。
4 vote作动词时, 意为“投票, 选举”
e.g. Whether you vote for or against the plan doesn’t seem to matter
very much.
More than half of the people present voted in favor of Jack.
As we can’t agree on this matter, let’s vote on it.
vote against 投票反对
vote for 投票赞成
vote on 投票表决
vote n.
①表决
e.g. I doubt if the matter has been decided by vote.
②选票, 投票
e.g. There were 16 votes in favor of my suggestion, and 15 against.
5 attack vt. 进攻; 攻击; 抨击
e.g. The dog often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it.
n. 攻击, 抨击
e.g. Attack is the best form of defence.
6 equal adj. 相等的, 平等的, 能胜任的
be equal to sth. 等于……, 能胜任……
be equal in sth. 在某方面相等
v. 等于, 和……相等, 比得上
n. 相等的人, 事物, 对手
1) I’m not equal to the position.
我不能胜任这个职务。
2) Not all men are equal in ability.
人的能力并不都是一样的。
) Four plus four equals eight.四加四等于八
4) No one equals him in strength. 论力气, 无人能和他相比。
7 turn to在句中的释义。
1) Let’s turn our attention to the matter at hand. 专心于
2) Please turn to page 25. 翻到(书的某页)
3) When it freezes, water turns to ice. (使……)变成
4) Jack often turns to me when he is in trouble. 求助于
【拓展】
turn on 打开
turn off 关闭
turn up 调高(声音等), 出现
turn down 调低(声音等), 拒绝
【语境应用】用含turn的短语的正确形式填空。
1) To save energy, please turn off the lights when you leave.
2) If Tom doesn’t turn up soon, we shall have to go without him.
3) I had no one to turn to for advice.
4) Bob turned on his computer and checked his mail.
5) The old man was poor but proud, and turned down every offer of help.
6）the personnel manager told him that his application for the job was turned down
7) You should turn your thoughts to study.
8“only+状语”类倒装的归纳
1. “only+副词”位于句首：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
只是到了那时我才意识到是我错了
2. “only+介词短语”位于句首：
Only by working hard can you succeed.
只有努力工作你才能成功。
Only in the reading-room can you find him.
你只有在阅览室才能找到他
3. “only+状语从句”位于句首：
Only after she died was I able to appreciate her.
只有到她死后我才认识到她的价值。
Only when one loses freedom does one know its value. 一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。
注意：若位于句首的不是only+状语，则通常无需倒装(但有时也可以倒装)：
9 stage名词n. [C]
1.舞台
Some girls are dancing on the stage.
一些女孩在舞台上跳舞。
2.场所
3.(进展的)阶段;时期
例句：1.表地点
The stage where the girls are going to dance is in the gym.
2.表时期
The stage when he is preparing for his study is really important.
10 escape
vi.逃跑; 逃脱[(+from)]
The soldier escaped from the enemy's prison.
这个士兵从敌人的监狱里逃了出来.
vt.逃避; 逃脱; 避免[+v-ing]
We were lucky to escape being punished.我们很幸运,没有受罚.
没有被...注意到; 被...忘掉
The matter has quite escaped my memory.这事我完全记不得了.
Her name escapes me.我记不起她的名字了.
n.名词逃跑; 逃脱[C][U]
We must cut off his escape.我们必须切断他的退路.
11.reward的用法
n. 报答，报偿；报酬[U,C]
It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.
他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。
n.酬金；奖赏[C]
By rights, half the reward should be mine.
按理说，有一半奖赏应该是我的。
v.报答；酬谢；奖励[T]
Is this how you reward me for my help?
你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗？
词义辨析award, reward
这两个动词均有“难予奖励”之意。award侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励。reward指对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给予的奖励。也可指为某事付酬金。
eg.Eat as a reward for working hard.
用美食作为努力工作的奖励
及物动词
1. Phil was awarded the top prize.
菲尔获得头奖。
2. The judge awarded him $1000 as damages.
法官判给他损害赔偿金一千元。
二、重点句型
. Are you willing to do public service work without pay?
2. Are you active in school activities?
3. Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?
4. I was worried about whether I would be out of work.
5. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress.
6. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
7. It was dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison for years.
人教版_高中英语必修一unit1_知识点总结 Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. we stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上,眺望乡村? 2. a quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人? Add v. 增加 1. he added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴,使火旺些? 2. if you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九? 3. add up all the money i owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起? Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. i'm always upset when i don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱? 2. he has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服? 3. the news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱? Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. i said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. i can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了? Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. it was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静?明媚的早晨? 2. you should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险,你也应当保持镇静? 3. have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来? Calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)
Unit 1 Friendship 1. 合计_____________________________________; 3. 不得不；必须______________________________; 5. 遛狗_____________________________________; 7. 记下；放下________________________________; 9. 故意_____________________________________; 11. 在黄昏时刻______________________________; 13. 不再…___________________________________; 15. 从…中恢复过来___________________________; 17. 将…装箱打包_____________________________; 19. 相爱；爱上_______________________________; 21. 参加；加入_______________________________; 23. 松开了__________________________________; 25. 付钱；付款；买单__________________________; 27. 对(某人)重要_____________________________; 29. 笑话；取笑（某人）_________________________; 31. 在日记中________________________________; 33. 对…着迷；迷恋____________________________; 35. 深蓝色的天空____________________________; 37. 太多____________________________________; 39. 在楼上__________________________________; 41. 肮脏的窗帘______________________________; 43. 记日记；写日记___________________________; 45. 绑起来__________________________________; 47. 在公路上________________________________; 49. 说…的闲话；______________________________; 51. 与…交朋友_______________________________; 53. 给…一些建议_____________________________; 55. 过去的事件______________________________; 57. 试一试；尝试一下_________________________; 59. settle____________________________________; 2. 使…镇静下来______________________________; 4. 关心；挂念________________________________; 6. 经历；经受________________________________; 8. 一连串的；一系列的_______________________; 10. 为了____________________________________; 12. 面对面地________________________________; 14. 遭受…___________________________________; 16. 对…厌烦_________________________________; 18. 与…相处；进展____________________________; 20. 对（某人）表示感激________________________; 22. 度假____________________________________; 24. 被车撞了________________________________; 26. 考试作弊________________________________; 28. 最深的感受______________________________; 30. 在二战中________________________________; 32. 在藏身之处______________________________; 34. 与自然有关______________________________; 36. 保持醒着________________________________; 38. 碰巧____________________________________; 40. 下楼____________________________________; 42. 积满灰尘的窗子__________________________; 44. 列一个单，列出___________________________; 46. 没注意到________________________________; 48. 与…有麻烦；有矛盾________________________; 50. 与人交流________________________________; 52. 改变这种状况____________________________; 54. 喜欢与不喜欢的事情______________________; 56. 表达你的感受与想法______________________; 58. concern__________________________________; 60. tip______________________________________;
高中英语必修1知识点大全总结 Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。 Add v. 增加 1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的v. 平静下来,镇静 1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。 calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来) 1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 have got to conj. 不得不(必须) 1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 Concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念) 1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 Cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为v. 欺骗,作弊 1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. Reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性v. 说服,推论,下判断 1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 list n. 目录,名单,明细表v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内
高中英语人教版必修一知识点总结 Unit 1 Friendship Unit 2 English around the world Unit 3 Tracel journal Unit 4 Earthquakes Unit 5 Nelson Mandela - a modern hero 第一单元 1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添 add up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。 add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。 add to 增加，扩建。 add 表示“继续说，补充说”。 区别add和increase add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。 increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。 2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事 cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物 cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈 3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录n 名单；目录；一览表 make a list of 造表，列……表 take…off the list 从表上去掉…… stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅 as listed above 如上所列 3）share share in 分享，分担，共用 share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物 share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息 share（n.）in/of 一分，部分 4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖 trust in 相信，信任，信仰 trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖 trust that… 希望，想 5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤 suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛 注意：suffer 和suffer from 都不能用于被动语态 6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。 calm down 平静下来，镇定下来 quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。 silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。 7）concern
高中英语必修一 Unit 1 △survey /'s??ve?/n. 调查；测验add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦ignore [iɡ?n?:]vt. 不理睬；忽视 calm [kɑ:m]vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm(…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 have got to 不得不；必须 concern [k?n?s?:n] vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到; n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose [lu:s] adj. 松的；松开的 △vet n. 兽医 go through 经历；经受 △Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家） △Jewish [?d?u:??] 犹太人的；犹太族的 German [?d??:m?n] adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的; n．德国人；德语 △Nazi n. 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 set down 记下；放下；登记 series [?si?ri:z] n. 连续；系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 △Kitty n. 基蒂（女名） outdoors [?autd?:z] adv. 在户外；在野外 △ spellbind [?spel?ba?nd] vt. (spellbound, spellbound) 迷住；迷惑 on purpos e [?p?:p?s]故意 in order to 为了…… dusk [d?sk] n. 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder [?θ?nd?] vi. 打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声 entire [in?tai?] adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 power [?pau?] n. 能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain [?k?:tn] n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty [?d?sti:] adj. 积满灰尘的 no longer/not…any longer 不再…… partner [?pɑ:tn?] n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 settle [?setl]vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决 suffer [ ?s?f?] vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffer from 遭受；患病
UNIT 1 Anne’s best friend 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担 心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？ 安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她 最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一 家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹 抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了二十五个月之后才被发现。在这段时间里， 她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在 日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称 作基蒂”。 安妮从1942年七月起就躲藏在那里了，现在来看看他当时 的心情吧。 1944年6月15日，星期四 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一 切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛 蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自 从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 …比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到 11点半故意不睡 觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打 开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼 上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆 黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这 是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚… 不幸的是……我只能透过那满是灰尘的窗帘下那脏兮兮的窗 户看看大自然。只能隔着窗户看那大自然实在没意思，因为大自 然是需要真正体验的东西。 Using Language 亲爱的王小姐： 现在我同班上的同学有些麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处的很好。我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意互相帮助。我们成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同学却在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是，我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。
人教版高一英语必修1单词表 Unit 1 1.survey 调查；测验 2.add up 合计 3.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 4.ignore不理睬；忽视 5.calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的calm...down（使）平静下来 6.have got to 不得不；必须 7.concern（使）担心；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 8.be concerned about 关心；挂念 9.walk the dog 溜狗 10.loose adj 松的；松开的 11.vet 兽医 12.go through 经历；经受 13.Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） https://www.doczj.com/doc/7515598113.html,herlands 荷兰（西欧国家） 15.Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 16.German 德国的；德国人的；德语的。 17.Nazi 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 18.set down 记下；放下；登记 19.series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 20.outdoors在户外；在野外 21.spellbind 迷住；疑惑 22.on purpose 故意 23.in order to 为了 24.dusk 黄昏傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻 25.thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n. 雷，雷声 26.entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 27.entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 28.power能力；力量；权力。 29.face to face 面对面地 30.curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布 31.dusty adj 积满灰尘的 32.no longer /not …any longer 不再 33.partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 34.settle 安家；定居；停留vt 使定居；安排；解决 35.suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历suffer from 遭受；患病 36.loneliness 孤单寂寞 37.highway公路 38.recover痊愈；恢复 39.get/be tired of 对…厌烦 40.pack捆扎；包装打行李n 小包；包裹pack （sth ）up 将（东西）装箱打包
Teaching Plan Unit1 Friendship 教材人教版高中英语必修一 试讲者李瑶单位新疆师范大学 适用年级高中一年级单元第一单元 课题Anne’s Best Friend 课时共五课时，第二课时 （ Reading） 一．教材分析 Analysis of the Teaching Materials This unit is the first unit of the senior English studying which talks about friendship.As for the students, at the beginning of senior school life, making new friends is one of important things for them now,so the topic of this unit is appropriate at the present time. It can easily stimulate students’interests in English learning and help students think how to choose friends and the meaning of the friendship. The reading passage is the center of the unit. It mainly talks about the Anna , a Jewish girl , during the world war II, regarded the diary as her best friend to express her happiness, sorrow and missing to her hometown. 二．学情分析 Analysis of the Students As the students, grade1of senior high school,they have the basic abilities of listening,speaking,reading and writing,but they still need more chances to practice what they have learnt and improve their ability of communicating with others and expressing their ideas fluently and accurately. Meanwhile,it is also necessary to develop their autonomous learning ability and cooperative learning ability, as well cultivate the awareness of cultural differences. 三. 教学目标 Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Objectives 1.Get students to know the main content of this article. 2.Learn about the formats of a diary. 2.Ability Objectives 1.Develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on. 2.Summarize different paragraphs. 3.Emotion Objectives
高中必修一到必修五主要语法点 必修一：直接引语和间接引语(宾语从句)；现在进行时表将来；定语从句 必修二：定语从句(非限定定从、定从中的介词前提)；被动语态(一般将来时、现在完成时及现在进行时的被动语态) 必修三：情态动词；名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句) 必修四：主谓一致；非谓语动词(V-ing) ；构词法 必修 2 第一单元,非限制性定语从句的第二单元一般将来时的主被动第三单元现在完成时的主被动第四单元 现在进行时的主被动第五单元介词+which/whom的用法 必修 3 一二单元情态动词的用法三单元宾语从句和表语从句四单元主语从句 五单元同位语从句 必修4 第一单元主谓一致第二单v-ing作主语和宾语的用法第三单元v-ing作表语,定语和宾语补足语第四单 元v-ing作状语第五单元构词法 必修5 第一单元过去分词作定语和表语第二单元过去分词作宾语补足语第三单元过去分词作状语第四单元 倒装句第五单元省略句 必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4 on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
文档贡献：smysl 必修一 Unit 1 Friendship 1)be good to 对….友好 2)add up 合计 3)get sth done 使…被做 4)calm down 镇定下来 5)have got to 不得不 6)be concerned about 关心；挂念 7)make a list of 列出 8)share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 9)go through 经历；仔细检查 10)hide away 躲藏；隐藏 11)set down 放下；记下 12) a series of 一系列；一套 13)be crazy about 对…着迷 14)on purpose 故意 15)in order to/ so as to 为了 16)face to face 面对面地 17)according to 按照；根据…所说 18)get along with 与…相处 19)pack up 收拾，打理行装 20)have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见； 做…有困难 21)fall in love 相爱 22)try out 试验；试用 23)join in 参加（活动） 24)communicate with sb 和…交留 25)look to sth 注意，留心某事 26)cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 27)have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的 习惯 28)be ignorant of 无知的 Unit2 English around the world 1)in…ways 在…方面 2)be different from 与…不同 3)play a role/ part (in) 在…中起作用;扮 演一个角色；参与 4)play an important role/part在..中起重要 作用 5)because of 因为；由于 6)such as 例如 7)come up (vi) 走进；上来；发生；被讨 论 8)come up with 提出e 9)at the end of 在…末期 10)even if/ though 即使 11)be based on 在...基础上 12)close to 距离…近 13)make (good/ full) use of （好好/充分） 利用 14)change…into 把…变成 15)the same…as 与…相同的 16)at present 目前 17)as a rule 通常；照例 18)be present at 在席；出席 19)carry out a rule 执行规则 20)be absent from 缺席 21)provide sth to sb / provide sb with sth给 某人提供某物 22)at sb’s request 应某人的要求 23)have a command of掌握 24)give commands 命令 25)request that …(should)+v原形 26)in one direction 朝一个方向 27)as we know 正如我们所知 Unit3 Travel Journal 1)dream of/ about doing sth 梦想做某事 2)graduate from 从…毕业 3)persuade sb not to do sth= persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 4)get sb interested in 使某人对… 感兴趣 5)insist on (one’s) sth/ doing sth 一定要； 坚持要 6)the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好办法 7)attitude to/ toward(s) 对…态度 8)care about 忧虑，关心care for喜欢， 照顾 9)change one’s mind 改变主意 10)to my mind = in my opinion我的观点 11)make up one’s mind to do 决心干某事
第一单元 1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添add up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。add to 增加，扩建。 add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。add 表示“继续说，补充说”。 区别add和increase add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。 increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。 2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事 cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈 3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录n 名单；目录；一览表 make a list of 造表，列……表take…off the list 从表上去掉…… stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅as listed above 如上所列 3）share share in 分享，分担，共用share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物 share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息share（n.）in/of 一分，部分 4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖 trust in 相信，信任，信仰trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖trust that…希望，想 5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤 suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛 注意：suffer 和suffer from 都不能用于被动语态 6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。 calm down 平静下来，镇定下来silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。 quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。 still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。 7）concern be concerned about 担心，关心as/so far as…be concerned 关于，至于，就某人而言 have no concern for 毫不关心concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙于，从事；关心，关切 have a concern in 和……有厉害关系be concerned in/with 参与，与……有关 8）separate v/adj 分开，和……分手；单独的，分开的，不同的separate…from 使……和……分离9）reason without reason 不合理 lose one’s reason 失去理智，发狂by reason of 由于bring sb to reason 说服某人理智些within reason 合理listen to reason 听从道理reason sb into/out of sth 以理说服某人做/不做某事10）power beyond /out of one’s power =not within one’s power力所不及的，不能胜任的 in power 当权的，握有政权的come into power掌权，得势 11）habit form / make a habit of doing=make it a habit to do sth 养成做某事的习惯out of habit 出于习惯 be in the habit of 有……的习惯fall/get into a habit of 沾染（养成）……习惯 break（off）a habit=get out a habit 戒除一种习惯form good habits 养成良好的习 12）according to为介词短语，后跟名词，代词，不能很从句，表示“根据；按照；试……而定”。according to其后引出的信息应来自别人或者别处，不能来自说话者自己。 according to其后不能跟opinion，view等名词。 according as 相当于连词，后跟从句，意为“正像，根据，按照，如果”。 13）区别join；join in；take part in；attend join 参加某个组织或者团体（党派，军队等）
必修一 Unit1 Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are goi ng through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearl y twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place si nce July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if i t’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy ab out everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sk y, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s chan ged since I was here. … For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I di dn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy eve ning, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a ye ar and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… … Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows . It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne 第一单元友谊Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 ……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在