Read the text below and answer Questions 1-6 Questions 1-3 Look at the three holidays, A,B and C, on page 1. For which holiday are the following statements true? Write the correct letter,A, B or C, in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet. HOLIDAY PLUS Need a break? Choose from these three wonderful holidays! Holiday location Price Number of nights Daily meals included in package Comments Transport to\from airport A Mountain Lodge A unique wilderness retreat on the edge of the World Heritage-listed National Park and only 5 km from the sea ＄330 1 Mountain buffet breakfast plus Free soft drinks always available Free canoeing Free talks in the evening Free open-air tennis courts Horse-riding optional extra Self-drive auto 1 hour 15 minutes or bus three times\week appro.2 hours B Pelican Resort A true coral island right on the Great Barrier Reef Swim straight from the beach ＄58 4 Hot breakfast plus Beach picnic lunch plus set 4-course dinner Refurbishment: Resort will close for May Free minibus trip around island Plane flights to Wilson Island only $50 1/2 hour by minibus C Cedar Lodge A blend of casual sophistication and rich rainforest ambience for those over 25 ＄740 4 Tropical breakfast Picnic lunch-optional extra Oldest living rainforest Free bikes and tennis courts; horse-riding extra 10 mins by taxi
2011学年度第一学期期末考试八年级英语试卷 （考试时间90分钟）2012年1月 Paper 1 Listening (第一卷听力) Ⅰ.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): (6%) A B C D E F G Ⅱ. Listen and choose the best response to what you hear (根据你听到的内容，选出最恰当的应答): (7%) 7.A) Jack B) Linda C) Mr. White D) Miss Green 8.A) Yellow B) White C) Green D) Orange 9.A) 5:00 B) 5:30 C) 6:00 D) 6:30 10.A) Light pollution B) Water pollution C) Air pollution D) Noise pollution 11.A) On Monday B) On Tuesday C) On Thursday D) On Friday 12.A) Mid-autumn Festival B) New Year’s Day C) Children’s Day D) Spring F estival 13.A) She doesn’t want to eat more. B) She wants more fish. C) She wants to cook fish. D) She isn’t a wonderful cook. III. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示): (6%) 14.( ) They talked about health and weather all afternoon. 15.( ) Nancy didn’t have any friends in New York. 16.( ) Jim Stone could speak a little French. 17.( ) Nancy had a TV set in her ward (病房). 18.( ) It took Jim two hours to get to the hospital. 19.( ) Jim left the hospital at about 5 p.m. IV. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentence (听对话，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词)：（6%） 20.Peter was born on _______ 5th, 1989. 21.Peter’s telephone number is ___________.
小学英语课程标准测试 题及答案 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
《小学英语课程标准》试题 一、填空(共10分) 1．基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。 2．基础教育阶段英语课程目标的各个级别均以学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识五个方面的综合行为表现为基础进行总体描述。 3．语言技能包括听、说、读、写四个方面的技能以及这四种技能的综合运用能力。 4．新课程的最高宗旨和核心理念是一切为了学生的发展 5．学习策略指学生为了有效地学习和发展而采取的各种行动和步骤。英语学习的策略包括认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略等。 6．3一6年级英语教学评价的主要目的是激励学生的学习兴趣和积极性。评价形式应具有多样性和可选择性。评价应以形成性评价为主，以学生平时参与各种教学活动的表现和合作能力为主要依据。 7．英语课程在目标设定、教学过程、课程评价和教学资源的开发等方面都突出以学生为主体的思想。 8．从3年级开设英语课程的学校，5、6年级完成二级目标； 9．《标准》以学生“能做某事”的描述方式设定各级目标要求。教师应该避免单纯传授语言知识的教学方法，尽量采用“任务型”的教学途径。 10．教师要充分利用现代教育技术，开发英语教学资源，拓宽学生学习渠道，改进学生学习方式，提高教学效果。 二、判断正误 1．小学英语教学要创建以活动课为主的教学模式，充分利用听、做、说、唱、玩、演的方式，鼓励学生积极参与，大胆表达，侧重提高学生对英语的感受和初步用英语进行听、说、唱、演的能力，到了五、六年级也要发展初步的读写能力。（√） 2．小学英语教学的目标共分两段，一级的目标类别是语言技能方面的听做、说唱、读写、视听；二级语言技能的目标是听、说、读、写、玩、演、视听。此外，二级还有语言知识目标———语音、词汇、语法、功能、话题、情感态度目标、基本学习策略目标、文化意识目标。（√） 3．小学英语语言技能二级读的目标中，要求能认读所学词语；能根据拼读的规律读出简单的单词；能借助图片读懂简单的故事或小短文，并养成按意群阅读的习惯。（√）4．小学英语教学中要使用听、做、画、说、唱、背、玩、演、读、写诸种技巧和活动。但这些技巧要根据学生的学习需要与可能去选择搭配，不是用得越多越好。（√）5．小学英语教师必须转变角色，和小学生成为朋友。这要求教师首先改变教者的专断态度，即使在学习英语中，也要谦逊地把学生看作朋友；其次要有自信，自信能使小学生成为自己的朋友，肯和自己谈心。（√）
2011-2012 八年级英语上期期末试卷 一、单项选择。 1. My little brother works very hard and hopes to go to ____ university in the USA. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. Mum, it’s so hot and I’m so thirsty. Go and get some ______ in the fridge. A. biscuits B. chips C. ice cream D. cakes 3. Take some tomato sauce and add _______ to the bread , please. A. it B. them C. they D. one 4. The old sick lady is weak and eats __________ than before. A. better B. more C. fewer D. less 5. I _________ watch football matches because I’m not interested in them at all . A. always B. usually C. often D. hardly ever 6. I didn’t know Lisa came from Australia until she began to ________. A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk 7. The sweater is not comfortable. Please give me __________ one. A. the other B. another C. both D. every 8. Why not _________ to my house if you are free this Sunday? A. come in B. come over C. come down D. come back 9. In my class, most students go to school ______ bike and few students go to school _______ foot. A. with,on B. on, by C. on, with D. by, on 10. The movie about Mr Bean made all of us ________. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing 11. Li lin ________ some foreigners to her 14th birthday party last night. A. invite B. invites C. invited D. is inviting 12. _______ are you doing for vacation? I’m visiting my uncle. A. When B. What C. Where D. Which 13. ______ help me post the letter ? I’d love to, but I’m too busy. A. Must B. Could C. Should D. Need 14. I’m going _________ with my parents. Where shall we go? Maybe Hangzhou. A. somewhere beautiful B. beautiful somewhere C. anywhere beautiful D. beautiful anywhere 15. We went to Hong Kong for shopping last month. A. That sounds wonderful B. You’re welcome C. I’m sorry to hear that. D. It doesn’t matter. 二、完形填空。 Dear editor, Both parents and children have busy days. The parents’ job is to go to 1 to make money. The children’s job is to go to school. After a day’s work, both parents and children get 2 . We have to cook the meals and wash the dishes. We 3 clothes every day and they get dirty easily. We have to wash them
昆山市2010—2011学年第一学期期末考试试卷 初一英语 听力部分(20分) 一、听力选择（共15小题；1-10题，每小题1分，11-15题，每小题2分，满分20分） （请同学们将所选答案的编号填入下面相对应的空格内） 听下面5个问题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每个问题读两遍． 1. A. At 7:00 a.m. B. In the afternoon. C. With my friends. 2. A. Thank you. B. No, he doesn't. C. Yes, we do. 3. A. Ok. I'II take them. B. ￥200. C. A size eight. 4. A. Not at all. B. Certainly. C. Yes, please. 5. A. Cotton. B. Purple. C. Too large. B) 对话理解 听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．每段对话读两遍． 6. What does Mr. Black do? A. A teacher. B. A writer. C. A doctor. 7. What is the boy's favorite food? A. Pork. B. Beef. C. Fish. 8. How often does Uncle Chen go to Shanghai? A. Twice a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a week. 9. Can the boy play the computer first? A. Yes, he can. B. No, he can't. C. Of course. 10. Why does Yao Hua come here? A. For holiday. B. To learn Chinese. C. To study English. C) 听力理解 听下面的短文．短文后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．短文读两遍． 11. Where is the shop? A. Near our school. B. Near my home. C. Far away from my home. 12. How much are the apples? A. Five yuan a kilo. B. Ten yuan a kilo. C. Very expensive. 13. What can't you buy in the shop? A. School things. B. Clothes and shoes. C. Food and drink. 14. How old is the shopkeeper? A. 16 years old. B. 6 years old. C. 60 years old. 15. How many people are there in the shop? A. Six. B. Four. C. Eleven. 笔试部分（80分） 二、单项选择（从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，把其编号填入下面相对应的 空格内。共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
《小学英语课程标准》试题 一、填空(共10分) 1．基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。 2．基础教育阶段英语课程目标的各个级别均以学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识五个方面的综合行为表现为基础进行总体描述。 3．语言技能包括听、说、读、写四个方面的技能以及这四种技能的综合运用能力。 4．新课程的最高宗旨和核心理念是一切为了学生的发展 5．学习策略指学生为了有效地学习和发展而采取的各种行动和步骤。英语学习的策略包括认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略等。 6．3一6年级英语教学评价的主要目的是激励学生的学习兴趣和积极性。评价形式应具有多样性和可选择性。评价应以形成性评价为主，以学生平时参与各种教学活动的表现和合作能力为主要依据。 7．英语课程在目标设定、教学过程、课程评价和教学资源的开发等方面都突出以学生为主体的思想。 8．从3年级开设英语课程的学校，5、6年级完成二级目标； 9．《标准》以学生“能做某事”的描述方式设定各级目标要求。教师应该避免单纯传授语言知识的教学方法，尽量采用“任务型”的教学途径。 10．教师要充分利用现代教育技术，开发英语教学资源，拓宽学生学习渠道，改进学生学习方式，提高教学效果。 二、判断正误 1．小学英语教学要创建以活动课为主的教学模式，充分利用听、做、说、唱、玩、演的方式，鼓励学生积极参与，大胆表达，侧重提高学生对英语的感受和初步用英语进行听、说、唱、演的能力，到了五、六年级也要发展初步的读写能力。（√） 2．小学英语教学的目标共分两段，一级的目标类别是语言技能方面的听做、说唱、读写、视听；二级语言技能的目标是听、说、读、写、玩、演、视听。此外，二级还有语言知识目标———语音、词汇、语法、功能、话题、情感态度目标、基本学习策略目标、文化意识目标。（√） 3．小学英语语言技能二级读的目标中，要求能认读所学词语；能根据拼读的规律读出简单的单词；能借助图片读懂简单的故事或小短文，并养成按意群阅读的习惯。（√）4．小学英语教学中要使用听、做、画、说、唱、背、玩、演、读、写诸种技巧和活动。但这些技巧要根据学生的学习需要与可能去选择搭配，不是用得越多越好。（√）5．小学英语教师必须转变角色，和小学生成为朋友。这要求教师首先改变教者的专断态度，即使在学习英语中，也要谦逊地把学生看作朋友；其次要有自信，自信能使小学生成为自己的朋友，肯和自己谈心。（√） 6．如果以听为训练的中心，用做和画帮助听，则做和画要比听稍后一点，要让学生先听音。（√） 7.玩、演的目的是听、说英语和记忆英语材料，最好在玩、演之后再读，以判断玩、演之中使用英语的正误，增加用、记英语的效果。（√） 8．现代化教学手段（媒体）对小学英语教学极为有效，传统教学手段则缺乏生气，如果学校缺乏现代化教学手段，教师只好用一张嘴、一本书、一枝粉笔进行教学。（╳） 三、选正题：下面每题四个备选答案中有一个正确答案，请选出。 1．小学英语教学的重点是___D___ 。A．组织课堂教学活动B．培养学生自学英语的能力C．帮助学生模仿√D．培养学生用英语进行交流的能力和兴趣 2．小学英语教材要有利于培养学生的学习兴趣与语感，了解英语国家的文化、习俗，学生对异国文化的正确态度。教材还要培养学生____C__ 和做事情的能力，提高他们的思维能力和认识世界的能力。 A．学习能力B．自我管理能力√C．用英语进行交流D．创新能力
小学英语课程标准考试 练习题 https://www.doczj.com/doc/738103237.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR
义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）试题 一、填空 1．义务教育阶段的英语课程具有___________和_____________双重性质。2．英语学习具有明显的_________和____________特点。 3.英语课程提倡采用既强调语言学习过程又有利于提高学生学习成效的语言教学途径和方法，尽可能多地为学生创造在______________运用语言的机会。。 4.综合语言运用能力的形成建立在____________、_____________、情感态度、____________和____________等方面整体发展的基础之上。 5、评价体系包括_____________ 和 _______________。日常教学中的评价以 ______________为主。 6、语言技能主要包括______、说、_______、写等方面的技能，听和读是 _______的技能，说和写是_______的技能。它们在语言学习和交际中是相辅相成，相互促进。 7、语言知识包括_______、_______、语法以及_______、_______五个方面的内容。 二、选择题。 （）1、以下哪一项不是基础教育阶段英语课程的基本任务？ A、激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，养成良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略 B、使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和听说读写技能，形成一定的综合语言运用能力 C、培养学生的观察、记忆、思维、想象能力和创新精神 D、了解中华文化的博大精深，培养爱国主义精神 （）2、国家英语课程要求从 3 年级开设英语课程。《标准》_____为 6 年级结束时应达到的基本要求；______为 9 年级结束时应达到的基本要求。 A、第二级; 第五级 B、第三级；第六级 C、第一级; 第四级 D、第二级；第六级
江西财经大学现代经济管理学院 2011-2012第一学期期末考试试卷 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) （10%）Directions: For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Wildfires In just seconds, a spark or even the sun’s heat alone sets off an extremely large fire. The wildfire quickly spreads, consuming the thick, dried-out plants and almost everything else in its path. What was once a forest becomes a virtual powder keg of untapped fuel. In a seemingly instantaneous burst, the wildfire overtakes thousands of acres of surrounding land , threatening the homes and lives of many in the vicinity. Fire Starters . On a hot summer day , when drought conditions peak , something as small as a spark from a train car’s wheel striking the track can ignite a raging wildfire. Sometimes, fires occur naturally, ignited by heat from the sun or a lightning strike . However, the majority of wildfires are the result of human carelessness. Common causes for wildfires include: Arson(故意)放火，纵火. Campfires Discarding lit cigarettes. Improperly burning debris Playing with matches or fireworks Prescribed fires - Everything has a temperature at which it will burst into flames. This temperature is called a material’s flash point. Woods flash point is 572 degrees Fahrenheit (300 ) . When wood is heated to this temperature, it releases hydrocarbon gases that mix with oxygen in the air, combust and create fire. There are three components needed for ignition and combustion to occur. A fire requires fuel to burn, air to supply oxygen, and a heat source to bring the fuel up to ignition temperature. Heat, oxygen and fuel form the fire triangle. Firefighters often talk about the fire triangle when they are trying to put out a blaze. The idea is that if they can take away any one of the pillars of the triangle,
夜大2011年春季学期期末考试（英语一）复习题 题型： Part I Reading Comprehension 30%（2×15） Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Part II Cloze 10% (0.5×20) Direction: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should choose the One answer that best completes the passage. Part III Vocabulary and Structure 35% (1×35) Directions: In this section there are 35 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Part IV Blank Filling 10% （1X10） Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given. Part V T ranslation 15% (3×5) Directions: Translate the following into English 复习题： 词汇与结构 1.What he said that day is not _______________ to whether he is a reliable man or not. 【B】 A. contrast B. relevant C. comparable D. liable 2.Mrs. White translated not only from the German but also, _______________, from the Russian. 【C】 A. in occasion B. with occasion C. on occasion D. occasional 3.The WTO is intended to _______________ trade among its member states. 【C】 A. preempt B. propose C. promote D. propagate 4.When I got to Jim’s office, I found him _______________ an article about the current situation in Iraq. 【B】 A. working for B. working on C. working in D. working with 5.To use this machine, first _______________ the correct coins, then select the drink you want and press the button. 【B】 A. reset B. insert C. revert D. insist 6.Officials will _______________ the health food on sale to see if it really gives the
小学英语新课程标准考试测试题 一、选择题：根据新课程标准，选择正确答案（20分） 1、评价一节课是否符合新课标精神，应该———，看学生思考的层次和看老师否创造性地运用了教材。 A、看学生主动性是否被调动起来 B、看老师是否讲解到位 C、看学生是否注意力集中 D、看老师是否运用了先进的教学手段 2、—————是实施新课程改革的主力军，是新课程实施的研究者、开发者和具体—— A、教师，实施者 B、学生，参与者 C、行政领导，参与者 D、校长，实施者 3、课程目标的级别不完全等同于基础教育阶段的各个年级。从3年级开设英语课程的学校，3、4年级应完成——————，5、6年级完成————； A、第五册—第八全册 B、第九—第十二全册 C、一级目标，二级目标 D、二级目标，三级目标 4、各地区可以根据国家课程—————的有关政策规定，根据当地的条件和需 要，适当调整相应学段英语课程的目标。 A．县级管理 B。一级管理 C。二级管理 D。三级管理 6、语言技能一级目标中读写要求：能看图识字；能在指认物体的前提下认读所学词语；能在图片的帮助下读懂简单的小故事; 能正确——————————。
A、朗读课文 B、背默课文 C、表演小节目 D、书写字母和单词 7、语言技能一级目标中说唱要求的第一个要求是——————————。 A、能根据录音模仿说英语 B、讲述简单的小故事 C、能说最常用的日常套语 D、能唱一首英语歌 8、语言技能一级目标中玩演的要求：能用英语做游戏并在游戏 用——————————；能做简单的角色表演；能表演英文歌曲及简单的童话剧等。 A、英语进行简单的交际 B、用简单的英语讲简单的故事 C、表演小故事或童话剧 D、能看懂英文动画片 9、教师要积极利用各种教学资源，——————教材，设计适合学生发展的教学过程。 A、合理地教 B、创造性地使用 C、按照要求使用 D、按部就班地用 10、课程目标二级要求能在图片的帮助下听懂、———————、并讲述简单的故事。 A、读懂 B、写出 C、背诵 D、描写 11、课程目标二级要求能根据图片或提示———————的句子。 A、说出简单的句子 B、写出简单的句子 C、写出简单的故事 D、进行个人信息交流 12、课程目标二级要求应该培养学生—————————。 A、持续的说唱能力 B、间断的表演能力 C、持续的兴趣和爱好 D、书写字母的能力
南通市第一初级中学2011-2012学年度第二学期期末试卷 七年级英语 （本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） Ⅰ卷（90分） 一、听力部分 A、听对话选择合适的图画或答案，每段对话听两遍。（共10分） ( ) 1. What is the girl learning to play? A. B. C. ( ) 2. What’s on the wall? A. B. C. ( ) 3. What’s the girl’s mum doing? A. B. C. ( ) 4. A. B. C. ( ) 5. Where’s the boy’s computer? A. Behind the shelf. B. On the coffee table. C. On the newspapers.
( ) 6. What does Peter’s father do at the weekend? A. He goes fishing. B. He cleans the house. C. He cleans his car. ( ) 7. What will Peter do this Saturday? A. He’ll climb the hill. B. He’ll do his homework. C. He’ll do some housework. ( ) 8. When may Millie get to the party? A. After 7 o’clock. B. Before 7 o’clock. C. At 7 o’clock. ( ) 9. What does the boy mean? A. Kate dislikes going to the Great Wall. B. Kate will be happy to go with them. C. It’s better to take Kate to another place of interest. ( ) 10. What does Wendy usually do before she goes to bed? A. He watches TV. B. He reads newspapers. C. He reads story books. B、根据所听到的对话或独白，选择正确答案，每段对话听两遍。（共10分） 听下面一段对话，回答11~12小题。 ( ) 11. What is Mary going to do tomorrow? A. She is going to play basketball. B. She is going to do her homework. C. She is going to have a picnic. ( ) 12. Who bought something to eat for Mary? A. Tom. B. Jack. C. Mary’s mother. 听下面一段对话，回答13~15小题。 ( ) 13. Why can’t Tom ride his bike to his school? A. Because the traffic is busy. B. Because something is wrong with his bike. C. Because his home is near the school. ( ) 14. When does the dialogue (对话) most probably take place（发生）? A. At night B. At noon. C. In the morning. ( ) 15. Where are they now? A. At school. B. On the bus. C. At home. 听下面一段独白，回答16—20题。 ( ) 16. What time does Wei Fang go to school? A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. ( ) 17. Which school is Wei Fang in? A. No. 6 Middle School. B. No. 5 Middle School. C. No. 4 Middle School. ( ) 18. How many students are there in her class? A. 50. B. 51. C. 52. ( ) 19. Who is Wei Fang’s English teacher? A. Mrs Wang. B. Mr Wang. C. Miss Wang ( ) 20. Where does Wei Fang’s good friend come from? A. America. B. Australia. C. England
2011年174班英语期末考试试题 一、知识运用(共40小题，每小题1分；满分40分) 第一节：词汇和语法（共10小题，每题1分；满分10分） 从每小题给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一项符合题意的最佳选项。 1. After three days’ careful treatment, the old man was to go home. A. enough good B. good enough C. well enough D. enough well 2. —Where’s the new dictionary ? —It’s on the top of shelf, out of . A. order B. reach C. sight D. touch 3. Last time he made his sister , but this time, he was made by her. A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry 4. When he was young, he quite a lot. A. use to travel B. is used to travel C. used to travel D. was used to travel 5. Give it to you think can do the work well. A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. whatever 6. I will never forget the days I spent in Hunan. A. which B. what C. when D. whatever 7. Only in this way progress in your English. A. you can make. . B. you be able to make. C. will you be able to make. D. can you make 8. is demanded that schools and teachers lighten the students’ load(负担). A. That, must B. It, / C. It, will D. That, should 9. I have lost my keys. I ______ it somewhere. A. must drop B. must have dropped C must be dropping D. must have been dropped 10. Don’t worry, something’s sure to . A. Set up B. go up C. pick up D. turn up 第二节：交际用语（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） A.选择题. 根据所给信息，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个符合对话情景或含义的最佳选项。 1. —Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office？ —Yes, . A. for pleasure B. I could C. my pleasure D. with pleasure 2. — What about having a drink? —. A. Good idea B. Help yourself C. Go ahead, please. D. Me, too 3. — Shall I give you a lift? — Thank you, . A. it couldn’t be better B .if you like C. of course, you can D. you “re welcome 4. —Hello, Lucy. This is Lily. I’m afraid I can’t arrive on time because of traffic jam. —，I’ll wait for you.