表语从句
1、概述
用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as though(if)；连系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；连系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。
The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。
That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.
这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.
当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2、由连接词that，whether引导的表语从句。
that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。
The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。
The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。
3、由连接代词引导的表语从句。
连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，代词不能省略。
The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。
The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。
That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。
That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。
4、由连接副词引导的表语从句。
Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。
That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。
5、由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。
It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。
That's because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。
It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案。
可以接表语从句的系动词有：
1：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)
2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell
3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay
4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall
5: prove, turn out
系动词的固定搭配:
come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild
作业：一、
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. whether
2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because
B. that
C. for
D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where
B. there
C. there where
D. where there
4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get
B. what we can get
C. who we can get
D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D.不填
6. The reason is_________I missed the bus.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that
B. like
C. as
D. as though
9.—I fell sick!
--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. because
10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. because his mother is ill
B. because of his mother’s being ill
C. that his mother is ill
D. for his mother is ill
12. His suggestion _____________ the meeting be delayed was turned down.
二、改错
1. The fact why she works hard is well known to us all. ________________
2. His suggestion which the meeting be delayed was turned down. ___________________
3. He must answer the question if he agrees to it or not. _________________
4. A warm thought suddenly came to me which I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday. ________________
5. I have no idea that size shoes she wears. ________________
6. The question that will take his place is still not clear. ________________
高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例１：This is the detective who came from London. 例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。） (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
新高一衔接班 第二课时定语从句【Atrributive Clause 】 Part one 导入 先听一首歌‘season in the sunshine, 这是为了纪念好友离世的歌曲，很温暖的曲 调 We had joy,we had fun,we had seasons in the sun,but the hills that we climbed were just seasons out of time. 我们曾一起欢乐，我们曾一起嬉戏，我们曾拥有 的阳光中的四季，但是我们一起爬过的山已随四季流去。 好，言归正传，今天我们讲定语从句，你们初中已经学习过，但是我之前讲过高中的语法会比 初中难度增加。为了配合大家的节奏，我由简单到复杂。什么是定语从句？刚那句歌词就是定 语从句。 再看：June 是老师—June 是英语老师—June 是漂亮幽默的英语老师 你们敢说不对？ 再看一句：这是一只狗---- 这是一只受伤的狗--- 这是一只左腿受伤的狗 继续继续：这房子很漂亮The house is very beautiful. Lily 买的房子很漂亮The house which bought by Lily is very beautiful. Lily 去年在米易买的房子很漂亮The house which bought by Lily last year in MY is very beautiful The boy is Luhan The boy who is dacing is Luhan 唱小芳，谁会？： 村里有个姑娘叫小芳，长得好看又善良 There is a beautiful and kind girl whose name is Xiao Fang in the village 遥远的东方有一条龙，它的名字叫中国 In the far East, thers is a dragon whose name is China. 遥远的东方有一条河，它的名字叫黄河? 所以概念出来啦 一．定语从句及相关概念 定语就是修饰限定名词或代词的词语 定语从句（Attributive Clauses ）就是复合句中具有修饰限定名词或者代词的句子，在整个 句中做定语。 被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出，关系词就是连接主句和从句的词语。 我们去我们之前的句子中找先行词和关系词！ 再看看几个句子。走向复杂化 Is there anything that you（主）don't understand （谓）about the problem? 先行词关系代词(指代anything ）定语从句（修饰anything ，意思为“关于 这个问题，你不明白的东西”） Life is like a long race where we （主）compete with （谓）others （宾）to go beyond ourselves ）定语从句（修饰 a long race ，先行词关系副词(指代“介词+a long race ” ） 意思为“在这个长跑中，我们不断超越自己去竞争。”
高一英语定语从句教案 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句： 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词 3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有where, when, why。关系词常有3个作用：1）引导定语从句。2）代替先行词。3）在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、关系代词和关系副词的意义及用法 指人：who, that,(指人常用who,不常用that) 主语 指物：which, that 指人：whom, who, that（who常用在在非正式和口语体中） 宾语(关系代词作宾语时常可省略) 关系代词指物：which, that 定语：whose （whose + n.=of which + n. ） 关系词 时间：when 关系副词----状语地点：where = 介词+ which 原因：why 解题技巧：关键看从句缺何种成分 三、例句练习讲解 1.Yesterday I helped an old man ＿lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2.The man ＿you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。 3.This is the pen ＿he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的笔。 4.He has a friend ＿father is a doctor. 他有个父亲是医生的朋友。 注意：whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替，例： 门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？ Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 5.I still remember the day ＿I first came to this school.我仍然记得第一次来到这学校 的那一天。 6.Shanghai is the city ＿I was born. 上海市我出生的地方。 7.Please tell me the reason ＿you missed the plane. 请告诉我你错过航班的原因。 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+which”引导的从句替换 8.易错题：This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起而做错题。
高中英语语法系列：定语从句 知识要点 1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3.几组的关系词特殊用法 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who,whom,that,which,wh ere,when,why等 关系词三重作用：①连接主从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中担任句子成分。 The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. 该句中，who lives next to me是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,which,that,whose,as等和关系副词w here,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。
1.用关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句 who指人，用作主语 whom指人，用作宾语 which指物，用作主语、宾语皆可 that指人和物，用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish(which)we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious. 2.用关系代词whose引导的定语从句： 先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子 The room whose window faces south is mine. 3.用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 (1)when在从句中作时间状语 October lst,1949is the day when(=on which)the People’s Republic of Chin a was founded. (2)where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where(=in which)I was born. (3)why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why(=for which)he was late was that he missed the train.
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
三大从句 定语从句 1.The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important. 2. The girl who is making a speech right now is our monitor. 3. The vase that I broke yesterday was very expensive. 4. The boy who helped you yesterday is my neighbour. 5. That's just the topic that I'm very interested in. 6. He is just the boss who gave me that valuable opportunity. 7. I like the cake which you bought yesterday. 8. He is the teacher who helped me. 9. We all like that speaker who is very humorous. 10. The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour. 11. She is the girl whom I met at the party. 12. There are occasions when one must yield. 13.Beijing is the place where I was born. 14.Is this the reason why he refused our offer? 15. His father died the year when he was born. 16.He is unlikely to find the place in which he lived forty years ago. 17. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 18.This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 19. He has finished the difficult exercise, which is easy for you. 20.None of us know the reason for which Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which ). 只用that不用which的情况 ①先行词指物且含有不定代词(all, little, few, much, everything, anything等) Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? All that Lily told me seems untrue. ②先行词被the only, the very, the right, any, every, some, no, just等修饰 This is the very bus that I am waiting for. The only thing that we can do is to lend you some money. ③先行词含有最高级或含有序数词时，如： This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. What is the most interesting film that you have ever seen? ④先行词既有人又有物
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
定义 表语从句定义：在一个复合句中，从句作的是主语的表语成分。 A The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人困惑 主语,连系动词,形容词作表语 The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪. 主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句 B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,whether,how.whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever等 He has become a teacher. 他已经成为一名教师。 He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。 She has remained there for an hour. 她曾在那里停留了一个小时。 She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. 她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。 His suggestion is good. 他的建议是好的。 His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。 The question is confusing. 这个问题令人困惑. The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。 Who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。 Why he cried yesterday. 昨天他为什么哭。 How I can persuade her to join us in the party. 我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。 Whether the enemy is marching towards us. 是否敌人正向我们行进. 注意 A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。 引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether
高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
定语从句 一、基本概念：定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week
（二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.
定语从句讲解 1．定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase which was very reasonable. Those who work hard will make progress. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句, who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句， 修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. The man to whom you talked just now is my old friend.（whom不可省略） 3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. He failed the exam again ,which made his father angry. 4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 5．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： We live in a house,__________ windows face the sea. We live in a house,___________ the windows face the sea. We live in a house, the windows__________ face the sea We live in a beautiful house, and the windows _________ face the sea Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=_____________________=_________________ （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. =The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：
2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义（30） 表语从句知识点整理总结 01 表语从句的概念和引导词 表语从句是指一个句子充当主系表结构中的表语而成的从句。它的构成和其他名词性从句一样。 和宾语从句、主语从句的类似，表语从句的引导词也分为如下三类： a. 陈述句做表语从句，用that引导。如： T h e p ro bl e m i s th a t t h e y do n't f o l l o w m y a d vi ce. 问题在于他们不听我的劝告。 注意：表语从句中的that不可以省略。 b. 一般疑问句做表语从句，一般用whether引导，不用if。如： The key is whether the boss will give us the chance to participate in the project. 关键是老板是是否会让我们参与这个项目。 c. 特殊疑问句做表语从句，用what/who等特殊疑问词引导。如： The problem is when we will receive the fund. 问题在于我们何时能收到这笔资金。 02 常见表语从句的句型
和主语从句类似，表语从句也有一些常见的结构化的句型，具体包括以下几类： a. 名词+is +表语从句。 这些名词有表示事实的truth, fact，表示观点的idea, advice, problem, question, thought, feeling, plan, suggestion等。如：The fact is that he is the best teacher in the entire school. 事实是，他是全校最好的老师。 The question is when the rescue team will arrive here. 问题是救援小组何时能到这里。 当然，名词这里也可以是主语从句。如： What I want to know is who will be elected as the monitor in the new term. 我想知道的是新学期谁会被当选为班长？ 注意：当名词是suggestion/order/request等表示主张和建议时，表语从句要用should+do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。 b. It/This/That is because/why从句。 如： That is why he was sent to the mental hospital. 这就是他被送往精神病医院的原因。