anger, indignation, fury, wrath
这些名词均含“愤怒”之意。
1.anger ：普通用词，通常指因受到侮辱、损害、指责或顶撞等而引起的愤怒。
例如：She is swift to anger. （她爱生气。）
He is quivering with anger. （他气得全身发抖。）
2.indignation ：较正式用词，指出于正义或对不公正之事而发出的愤怒。
例如：The news aroused the great indignation. （这消息激起了极大的愤慨。）3.fury ：语气最强，指极端的气愤，甚至达到发疯的程度。
例如：He flew into a fury and said that the whole thing was disgusting.（他勃然大怒，说这一切令人作呕。）
4.wrath ：文学用词，含义与anger相近，但语气强，含欲加惩罚或报复的意味。
例如：His silence marked his wrath.（他的沉默表明了他的愤怒。）
这些动词均有“任命，委派”之意。
1.appoint ：通常指不经过选择的官方委任。
例如：He was appointed secretary.（他被任命为秘书。）
2.designate ：书面用语，侧重当权者或机构的选拔或任命，有时含强行指定的意味。
例如：The chairman has designated her as his successor. （主席已指定她作为他的接班人。）
3.assign ：常指给一群人或个人分配、分派、指派或委派任务。
例如：The captain assigned two soldiers to guard the gate.（上尉派了两个士兵守大门。）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html, ：普通用词，着重任命的结果，而不是过程。
例如：The President named him to be Secretary of State.（总统任命他为国务卿。）5.nominate ：通常指为某一公职选择候选人，并将其提交给有决定权的人作最后决定。例如：I nominate Bill as the club president.（我提名比尔为俱乐部主席候选人。）
apparent, obvious, evident, clear, plain, distinct, definite, manifest
这些形容词均含“清楚的，明白的，明显的”之意。
1.apparent ：强调显而易见或一想便知。这个词从动词appear派生而来，故有时含有表面如此而事实上未必的意味。
例句：The apparent truth was really a lie.（表面上看似实话，实际上是个谎言。）2.obvious ：语气较强，指极为明显，有目共睹，无需说明和论证。
例句：You shouldn't tell such obvious lies.（你不该说如此明显的谎话。）
3.evident ：指根据事实成为显然的。
例句：This fact is too evident to require proof.（这事实很明显，用不着证明。）
4.clear ：普通用词，侧重清楚明白。
例句：He gave us a very clear explanation.（他给我们做了非常清楚的解释。）
5.plain ：普通用词，含义与clear很接近，可通用，但plain着重简单明了，不复杂。例句：The plain truth is that he doesn't like you.（说白了，他不喜欢你。）
6.distinct ：较正式用词，指轮廓的清楚或定义、含义的明确，不会弄错。
例句：There is a distinct improvement in your spoken English.（你的英语口语有明显的进步。）
7.definite ：语气肯定，着重明白无误，无可怀疑。
例句：We demand a definite answer.（我们要求明确的答案。）
8.manifest ：语义较强，书面用词，强调一目了然，暗示不要任何推论就一清二楚。
例句：It was their manifest failure to modernize the country's industries.（他们使国家进行工业现代化，明显失败了。）
apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, appliance, facilities
这些名词均有“仪器、设备、器械、器具”之意。
1.apparatus ：既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械，又可指它们的总称。
The astronauts have special breathing apparatus. （宇航员有特殊的呼吸装置。）
2.instrument ：通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器，尤指电工仪表、测量装置，航海或航空用的控制装置。
Thanks for the accurate instrument, which helps the sailors to avoid the submerged reef.（多亏了这个精密仪器才使得水手们避开了暗礁。）
3.device ：多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。
A computer is a device for processing information. （电脑是用来处理信息的。）
4.equipment ：多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。
We must fit the expedition out with the best equipment. （我们必须向探险队提供最好的装备。）
5. tool ：一般指进行特种工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用动力的工具，还可作引申用。
I have a complete set of carpenter's tools. （我有全套的木工工具。）
The king was just the tool of the military government. （国王只是军政府的一个傀儡。）（引申）
6.implement ：原指史前人类所用的工具，现在多指农用工具，也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具。
The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.（在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。）
7.appliance ：侧重指家用机器或设备，尤指家用电器。
Dish washer is one of the appliances. （洗碗机是家用电器的一种。）
8.facilities ：常用复数形式，指可供使用的设备或设施。
Facilities to the human's needs and other delicate cares in the station reflect the thorough care from the Metro.（在车站的各种人性化设施和体贴入微的小细节，都反映出了政府无微不至的关怀。）
anything but, nothing but, all but, none but
这些短语均由代词加前置词but(除开)构成，但含义各不相同。
1.anything but ：(=not at all, by no means, never)表示“决不，根本不”。
例如：She is anything but a beauty.（她一点也不漂亮。）
2.nothing but ：(=only)表示“只不过，除了……以外什么也没有”。
例如：They did nothing but complain.（他们只知道抱怨。）
3.all but ：(=almost, nearly)表示“几乎，差一点”。
例如：She all but fainted when she heard the news.（听到那消息，她差点晕过去。）4.none but ：(=no one except)表示“只有；除……外谁也不”。
例如：None but my mother fully understands my condition.（最了解我的情况的人不是别人正是我的母亲。）
answer, reply, respond, retort
这些动词均有“回答”之意。
1.answer ：常用词，指用书面、口头或行动对他人的请求、询问、质问等作出回答或反应。
例如：In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises.（在回答这些问题的过程中，我要么就点头，要么就发出奇怪的叫声。）
2.reply ：较正式用词，较少用于口语。侧重经过考虑的较正式答复。
例如：The officer replied the guard's salute by a nod.（那位军官点一点头以回答卫兵的敬礼。）
3.respond ：正式用词，指即刻的，以口头或行动对外来的号召、请求或刺激等作出回答或响应或回应。
例如：I struck him a crack and he responded with a kick.（我啪的打了他一下，他踢回了一脚。）
4.retort ：指对不同意见、批评或控诉作出迅速、有力的回答，即“反驳”。
例如：He retorted the invective on her.（他用恶言讽刺还击她。）
anxiety, worry, care, concern
这些名词均含“焦虑、关心”之意。
1.anxiety ：指对预料中的不祥之事的焦虑。
例如：There's a lot of anxiety among the staff about possible job losses.（工作人员都很忧虑，担心可能失业。）
2.worry ：侧重对未知事态演变的忧虑。
例如：She is always worrying about little things.她老是为小事烦恼。
3.care ：强调因出于责任感或顾虑等而产生的不安。
例如：The captain cares the safety of both the crew and the passengers.（船长为船员和旅客们的安全操心。）
4.concern ：作“关心”用时，是indifference(冷漠)的反义词，侧重对他人健康、安全等的关心，也可暗示对困难、危险或失败等的忧虑。
例如：Our losses are beginning to concern me.（我们的损失使我担心起来。）
anxious, eager, keen
这些形容词均有“急切的，渴望的”之意。
1.anxious ：强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切心情。
例如：They are really anxious for peace.（他们确实渴望和平。）
2.eager ：侧重于急于成功的迫切心情。
例如：He was eager after knowledge.（他渴求知识。）
3.keen ：强调因兴趣强烈或欲望而急于做某事。
例如：The boy is keen to go to sea.（这孩子很想去航海。）
announce, declare, proclaim, pronounce, advertise, broadcast, publish 这些动词均含“宣布，公开”之意。
1.announce ：多指首次宣布大家感兴趣或可满足大家好奇心的事情。
例如：They announced that a cold wave would come soon. 他们报告说不久寒流就要来。
2.declare ：侧重正式就某事清楚明白地宣布。
例如：He declared that the meeting has been postponed.（他宣布会议已延期了。）3.proclaim ：指官方宣布重大事件或施政方针，语体比announce正式。
例如：The government has proclaimed a new law.（政府已公布了一项新法令。）4.pronounce ：词义与announce，declare接近，但较多用于指法律判决方面的宣布。
例如：Has judgment been pronounced yet? （判决宣布了吗?）
5.advertise ：指通过文字和图像资料等的反复宣传而引起公众的注意，有时隐含令人不快或言过其实的意味。
例如：It is unwise of them to advertise their willingness to make concessions at the negotiations.（他们宣扬愿意在谈判中让步, 这是不明智的。）
6.broadcast ：专指利用广播或电视传播消息或发表见解。
例如：The radio broadcast the news in detail.（无线电台详细地广播了那则消息。）7.publish ：专指通过报刊或其它媒介向公众公布事情。
例如：The only daily newspaper in the city did not publish yesterday because of a strike.（昨天市内惟一的日报因罢工而没出版。）
almost, nearly, about, approximately, roughly
这些副词均有“大约，差不多”之意。
1.almost ：指在程度上相差很小，差不多。
例如：In his blind haste he almost ran into the river.他匆匆忙忙地几乎跑到河里去了。(nearly与almost含义基本相同，侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。)
例如：The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.那球重重地打在他身上，他几乎掉下水去。
2.about ：常可分almost和nearly换用，但about用于表示时间、数量的“大约”时，实际数量可能多也可能少。
例如：She died about two years ago.她大约在两年前就死了。
3.approximately ：多用于书面语，指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。
例如：this is just an approximate figure.这仅是个大概数字。
4.roughly ：指按精略估计，常代替about。
例如：He roughly outlined the plot of the opera.他粗略地概述了歌剧的情节。aim, goal, purpose, end, target, object
这些名词均有“目标、目的”之意。
1.aim ：从本义“靶子”引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标。
例如：You aim too low. （你志向太低。）
2.goal ：指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。
例如：When he at last arrived in Rome he felt he had reached his goal.（当他终于抵达罗马时, 他感到自己已达到了目的。）
3.purpose ：普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实际的目标。
例如：He returned to his homeland with the purpose of serving his own people.（他返回祖国, 意在为祖国人民服务。）
4.end ：指心目中怀着的某种目的，强调结果而非过程。较正式用词。
例如：Do the ends justify the means?（只要目的正当就可以不择手段吗?）
5.target ：指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。引申指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。
例如：What's the target readership of this paper? （这份报纸以哪些人为读者对象?）
6.object ：强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。
例如：Our object is to get at the truth. （我们的目的是弄清事实真相。）agreement, contract, treaty, convention, understanding, accord
这些名词均含“协定，协议，契约，合同”之意。
1.agreement ：普通用词，含义最确定，泛指个人、团体或国家之间取得一致而达成的
任何协议、协定或合同、契约等，可以是口头的，也可以是书面的。
例如：A signed agreement is not susceptible of change.（已签署的协议不可再改动。）
2.contract ：侧重指双方或多方订立的具有法律效力的正式的书面合同或契约。
例如：Once you have reached formal agreement, you should enter into a contract with the other party.（你一旦达成正式协议, 就应该和对方签订合同。）
3.treaty ：指国家之间经外交谈判后依照国际法签订的正式条约。
例如：They signed a treaty to settle all border disputes by arbitration.（他们通过
仲裁签订了解决所有边境争端的条约。）
4.convention ：比treaty更专门化，但不及treaty正式。也可指国家之间就有关事情
签订的条约。
例如：Japan has signed a convention of peace with a neighbouring country.（日
本已与邻国签署一项和平协定。）
5.understanding ：指不具约束力的非正式的协议。
例如：We have reached an understanding with them.（我们和他们达成了协议。）
6.accord ：多指国际间的非正式协议。
例如：The government expected a temporary accord with the Opposition before the end of the year.（政府期望年底以前和反对党达成临时协议。）
agony, anguish, torment, torture, grief, misery, distress, sorrow
这些名词均有“苦恼、痛苦”之意。
1.agony ：侧重指精神或身体痛苦的剧烈程度。
例如：He lay in agony until the doctor arrived.（在医生来到之前, 他一直非常痛苦地躺在那里。）
I was in an agony of doubt.（我疑虑不安, 十分痛苦。）
2.anguish ：指精神方面令人难以忍受的极度痛苦；用于身体时，多指局部或暂时的痛苦。例如：She cried out for anguish at parting.（分手时, 她由于痛苦而失声大哭。）
3.torment ：强调烦恼或痛苦的长期性。
例如：He has never suffered the torment of rejection.（他从未经受过遭人拒绝的痛苦。）
4.torture ：语气比torment强，指在精神或肉体上受到的折磨所产生的痛苦。
例如：She suffered tortures from a toothache.（她受着牙痛的折磨。）
5.grief ：指由某种特殊处境或原因造成的强烈的感情上的苦恼与悲痛。
例如：Her death was a real grief.（她的去世实在令人痛心。）
6.misery ：着重痛苦的可悲状态，多含不幸、可怜或悲哀的意味。
例如：I'm suffering the miseries of unemployment.（我正为失业而痛苦。）
7.distress ：多指因思想上的压力紧张、恐惧、忧虑等所引起的精神上的痛苦，也可指某种灾难带来的痛苦。
例如：Nothing could alleviate his distress.（什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。）
8.sorrow ：语气比grief弱，指因不幸、损失或失望等所产生的悲伤。
例如：I must convert sorrow into strength.（我要化悲痛为力量。）aggression, invasion, assault, attack
这些名词均有“进攻、侵略”之意。
1.aggression ：词义宽泛，既可指武装入侵别国领土，又可指文化、经济等方面的侵略。侧重敌意行动和征服的企图。
Only the united struggles of the people of the world can check aggression and save peace.（只有全世界人民的团结斗争能制止侵略, 挽救和平。）
Such aids amount to economic aggression.（这种援助其实是经济侵略。）
小编语：“amount to”是“意味着，共计，发展成”的意思，童鞋们写作文时不妨用一下它来表达“意味着”吧~
2.invasion ：多指具体的侵入或侵犯别国领土，也可用于指抽象事件。
The invasion of tourists brought life to the summer resort.（大批游客涌入, 使这个避暑胜地热闹起来。）
3.assault ：主要指突然而猛烈的进攻。
They responded with assaults against the enemy's bases.（他们向敌人阵地发起反攻。）
4.attack ：普通用词，含义广，指事先不发警告，主动地向对方发起武力进攻或对言论等进行抨击。
They knew when to attack and when to retreat.（他们知道什么时候进攻和什么时候撤退。）
afraid, fearful, awful, dreadful, frightful, terrible, horrible, terrific, appalling
这些形容词均含“害怕的、可怕的”之意。
1. afraid ：指由于胆小或怯懦而不敢说或做某事。
I am afraid I can't help you（恐怕我帮不了你。）
2. fearful ：普通用词，既指外界情况变化而引起的恐惧，又指来自内心的害怕与焦虑。
I have ever witnessed a fearful accident.（我曾目睹一场可怕的事故。）
3. awful ：指威严得令人害怕或敬畏，有一定的感情色彩。
The weather is awful today.（今天天气坏透了。）
4. dreadful ：指使人非常恐惧，毛骨悚然，也使人感到讨厌而退缩。
He told me a dreadful story.（他给我讲了一个可怕的故事。）
5. frightful ：指使人陷入短暂的惊恐或产生毛骨悚然的感觉。
It was with the greatest difficulty that the boy gathered the strength to speak, but spoke with a frightful emphasis.
（那个男孩艰难地、费了很大力气说出话来,然而他吐字有力,使人惊惧。）
6. terrible ：侧重指给人以长久的惊骇，极端的恐怖，令人难以忍受。
The little boy is playing the terrible game.（那小男孩正在玩恐怖的游戏。）
7. horrible ：指因骇人听闻的丑恶而令人毛骨悚然，着重厌恶的成分多于害怕。
The decision they made was horrible.（他们做出的决定令人感到恐怖。）
8. terrific ：多指外表、形状或力量等的可怕。
This movie relates that a hero defeats a monster with a terrific figure by himself.（这部电影讲述的是一位英雄独自打败一个外形可怕的怪兽的故事。）
小编语：偶觉得terrific这个词还是用“极好的，非常棒的”比较多一点~
9. appalling ：指既令害怕又使人惊异、胆寒。
The Halloween masks are very appalling.（万圣节的面具可真够吓人的。）affair, business, matter, concern, thing
这些名词均含“事情”之意。
1. affair ：含义较广，侧重指已发生或必须去做的任何事情或事务。复数形式多指重大或较复杂的事务。
例句：The exhibition will be a big affair.
这次展出将是一个盛举。
2. business ：通常指较重要或较难而又必须承担的事情，也可指商事。
例句：A teacher's business is to help children learn.
教师的本分是帮助孩子学习。
3. matter ：普通用词，着重指一件考虑中的或需要处理的事。
例句：This is a matter I know little about.
这件事我不太知道。
4. concern ：往往强调与个人或团体利害有直接或重大关系的事。
例句：The most important concern for our company is to arrange the conference with our foreign investors.
我公司最重要事宜是安排同外商的会谈。
5. thing ：用作“事情”解时，词义较笼统、含糊，多用于指不很具体的事。
例句：This is a miraculous thing.
这真是奇怪的事。
advice, opinion, proposal, suggestion, recommendation, view
这些名词均含“意见、建议”之意。
1. advice ：普通用词，侧重依据个人经验、学识和正确判断而提出的忠言。
eg: Good advice is beyond price.（忠告好, 无价宝。）
2. opinion ：日常用词，泛指对某事物的想法和意见。
eg: I don't wish to debate my opinions with you.（我不想就我的看法同你辩论。）
3. proposal ：指正式提出来供研究、采纳或实行的建议。
eg: They presented concrete proposals for improvement.（他们提出了具体的改进建议。）
4. suggestion ：普通用词，语气比advice婉转客气，也不如proposal正式。着重为改进工作、解决困难等提出的建议，有时含所提建议不一定正确，仅供参考的意味。
eg: He made the suggestion that the political prisoners (should) be set free.（他提议释放政治犯。）
5. recommendation ：指在自己经历的基础上而提出的有益建议、意见或忠告。
eg: The government has agreed to implement the recommendation in the report.（政府已同意实施报告中的建议。）
6. view ：侧重指对重大的或引起公众关注的问题所持的看法和态度。
eg: I take the view that we should put less money into nuclear weapons.（我认为我们应该在核武器上少花钱。）
adequate, enough, sufficient
这些形容词均含“足够的，充足的”之意。
1. adequate ：指数量上足够，质量上适当。
eg：There was adequate rain and snow last winter.（去年冬天雨雪充足。）
2. enough ：最普通用词，口语、书面语可用，较侧重分量或数量的足够，多指希望的满足。
eg：Is ￡100 enough for all your expenses?（100英镑够你全部的花销吗?）
3. sufficient ：正式用词，侧重数目或数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。
eg：1.We have gained sufficient experience to tackle this problem.（我们已经有了足够的经验来处理这个问题。）
2.His income is sufficient for his needs.（他的收入能满足他的需要。）
adult, grown-up, mature
这些形容词均有“成年的，成熟的”之意。
1. adult ：一般指生理上的童年期已结束，达到法定年龄。
eg：He is adult in behavior.（从行为上看, 他已成熟了。）
2. grown-up ：多用于口语，含义与adult基本相同，但更侧重脱离儿童阶段，已成大人，与childish意思相反。
eg：1.He felt grown-up, puffed up with self-importance.（他觉得长大了,便自以为了不起。）
2.She has a grown-up daughter who lives abroad.（她有一个已经长大成人的女儿,在海外生活。）
3. mature ：用于生物时，指完全长好了。用于人时，指达到了生命的黄金时期，但所暗示的青少年和成年之间的界限不明显。
eg：1.This is a dress shop for mature women.（这是一家成年妇女服装店。）
2.The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.（新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。）
advance, progress, proceed, move on, go
这些动词均含“前进，行进，进展”之意。
1. advance ：主要用于具体的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。
eg: I signed to him to keep away, but he continued to advance.（我示意他离开, 但他还是继续往前走。）
She advanced greatly in her knowledge.（她在学识上大有长进。）
2. progress ：指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。
eg: Our progress was embarrassed by lots of baggage.（大量的行李使我们行进困难。）
During these years the labour movement of the United States has made great progress.（这些年来, 美国的工人运动已取得巨大的进展。）
3. proceed ：侧重指继续前进。
eg: They will proceed to build another laboratory building.（他们将着手建造另一座实验大楼。）
The trial is proceeding.（审问正在进行。）
4. move on ：非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。
eg: We talked about these for a while and then moved on to another house.（我们谈了一会儿之后, 就前往另一家去了。）
5. go ：最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。
eg: Everything went pretty smoothly.（一切进展相当顺利。）
acknowledge, admit, confess, recognize, concede
这些动词均含“承认”之意。
1）acknowledge ：通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错。
eg: He grudgingly acknowledged having made a mistake.（他勉强承认他做错了。）
2）admit ：强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认，多含不情愿或被迫意味。
eg: She admitted having done wrong.（她承认自己做错了。）
3）confess ：语气较强，着重承认自己意识到的错误或罪行，含坦白忏悔的意味。
eg: 1.He confessed where he had hidden the money.（他供出了他藏钱的地方。）
2.He confessed himself out of contact with the times.（他承认自己与时代脱节。）
4）recognize ：作“承认”解时，系书面用词，主要指合法的或外交上的承认，也指公认。
eg: We don't recognized him to be the lawful heir.（我们不承认他为合法继承人。）
5）concede ：指在事实与证据面前勉强或不得不承认。
eg: I conceded that I had made a mistake.（我承认我犯了一个错误。）
高中英语词语辨析choose和choose from 请看题： There are many kinds _____, but I don’t know which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing 【分析】此题容易误选C。其实应选B。choose 表示“选择”，其实是指“选择出来”（pick out），而不是指“从……选择”，要表示后者的意思，要用choose from，有时也用choose among。同样地，下面两例中的介词from 也不可省略： Here are some dictionaries for you choose from. 这些词典可供你选择。 In fact, there are various colors to choose from. 事实上，有各种各样的颜色可供选择。 比较： He chose a red one. 他选了一个红色的。 He chose from some red ones. 他从一些红色的当中去选。 He didn’t know which to choose. 他不知道选哪个。 He didn’t know which to choose from. 他不知道从哪个当中去选。 请做以下试题（答案选D）： （1）“We have sent out two best players to the sports meet. What about you?” “Well, not yet. We have few ______, I’d say.” A. chosen B. to choose C. to be chosen D. to choose from （2）“I’d like to buy an expensive camera.” “Well, we have several models ______.” A. to pick up B. to pick C. to choose D. to choose from
英语专业四级词汇与语法模拟练习 41. My brother has decided to become a policeman,____what may. A. came B. come C. coming D. having come 42. My friend and adviser____ to lend me his money. A. have agreed B. has agreed C. agreed D. are agreed 43. A series of robberies ____recently. A. has been reported B. has reported C. have been reported D. have reported 44. “Which coat did your husband buy?” “The black one, but I____ the green one.” A. would rather have bought B. would rather buy C. would have rather bought D. rather had bought 45. I was to have a trip abroad if____. A. I had not been fired B. I was not fired C. my boss won’t have fired me D. I were not fired 46. Not until three years ago____ to work outside. A. he began B. he begins C. began he D. did he begin 47.____ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat with him A. Seeing B. Saw C. Seen D. To see 48. If you____hard, you____in the exam. A. worked/ wouldn’t have failed B. had worked/ wouldn’t fail C. had worked/ wouldn’t have failed D. worked/ wouldn’t fail 49. When we drove to the country, we saw many ____. A. herds of cattles B. herds of cattle C. herd of cattle D. herd of cattles 50. Don’t go there this afternoon, I’d rather you____ tomorrow. A. went B. go C. will go D. would go 51. They saw a new movie at the theatre,____they had dinner at a Chinese restaurant. A. then which B. which after C. after which D. after that 52. In my country, the____ are all distributed free. A. letters box B. letters boxes C. lette r’s box D. letter boxes 53. I wish to go home with you,____? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 54. Our country is trying to____ the serious problems created by the environment pollution. A. comply with B. cope with C. cope to D. comply to 55. The thieves____the possibility of the alarm system sounding A. overtook B. overcame C. overlooked D. overworked 56. Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly____. A. imagining B. imaginative C. imaginable D. imaginary 57. She stumbled and____ the coffee. A. spoiled B. spilled C. poured D. splashed 58. A sheet of metal was shaken to____the sound of thunder. A. stimulate B. simulate C. reproduce D. duplicate 59. In today’s newspaper, it____ that th ere will be a new election tomorrow. A. tells B. states C. writes D. records 60. When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of his trousers____. A. ruined B. cracked C. broke D. split
add in 添加；把…包括在内 add on插入；另外加上去 add to 增加 add sth to sth 把……添加到……中 add up 加起来 add up to 合计为 add noise 添加杂色；添加噪声 add weight to进一步证明；扩大影响；增强优势；加重 bear down压倒；加倍努力；逼近；竭尽全力 bear off赢得；驶离；使离开；博得 bear on 对…施加压力；与…有关；对…有影响；瞄准 bear with 宽容；耐心等待；忍受；容忍 bear oneself 举止，表现；为人处事 bear sth in mind 记住；考虑到=keep sth in mind bear the brunt of 首当其冲 bear market 熊市；空头市场；卖空市场 bear arms 携带武器；当兵 break away 放弃；逃跑；脱离；逃脱 break away from 放弃；脱离…… break down 发生故障；拆毁，毁掉；(在健康或精神等方面)(使)垮掉，垮下来；分解；失败；制服 break in 打断；闯入；训练；使逐渐习惯 break into闯入；非法闯入；破门而入；强行进入 break through 突破；突围；有重要创见 break of 放弃；改掉（习惯） break off 折断；突然停止，暂停 break out 爆发；突发 break out of 摆脱（束缚等）；突破… break up 关系破裂；打碎，破碎；结束，散会；解散；衰落 break with 结束；与…绝交，和…断绝关系；和…决裂 bring about 引起；[航]使掉头 bring along 带来；使……发展 bring back 拿回来；使…恢复；使…回忆起来 bring down 降低；打倒，打死；击落 bring forward 提出；提前；结转 bring in 引进；赚得；生产；增加 bring on 导致；引起；使…发展 bring off救出；成功地做某事；圆满完成；使实现 bring out使……显示出来；出版；制造；使显露 bring up 提出；教育；养育；呕出；[航]（船等）停下 bring round使改变观点；说服；使恢复健康；使复苏
动词词义辨析50题时间: 25 MIN 1.It’s a pleasure for me to ____ you for the rest of the days. a. accompany b. conduct c. attend d. escort 2. Nowadays most of people buy a house on hire purchase and paid monthly _____. a. supplements b. installments c. arrangements d. tournaments 3. Thousands of _____ at the stadium came to their feet to pay tribute to an outstanding performance. a. audience b. spectators c. participants d. observers 4. When a person has an infectious disease, he is usually ____ from other people. a. divided b. segregated c. isolated d. insulated 5. When you vacate the room, you should ____ the door key to me. a. hand in b. hand out c. hand down d. hand over 6. A nurse has to take care not to ____ air into the bloodstream of he patients.
anger, indignation, fury, wrath 这些名词均含“愤怒”之意。 1.anger ：普通用词，通常指因受到侮辱、损害、指责或顶撞等而引起的愤怒。 例如：She is swift to anger. （她爱生气。） He is quivering with anger. （他气得全身发抖。） 2.indignation ：较正式用词，指出于正义或对不公正之事而发出的愤怒。 例如：The news aroused the great indignation. （这消息激起了极大的愤慨。）3.fury ：语气最强，指极端的气愤，甚至达到发疯的程度。 例如：He flew into a fury and said that the whole thing was disgusting.（他勃然大怒，说这一切令人作呕。） 4.wrath ：文学用词，含义与anger相近，但语气强，含欲加惩罚或报复的意味。 例如：His silence marked his wrath.（他的沉默表明了他的愤怒。） 这些动词均有“任命，委派”之意。 1.appoint ：通常指不经过选择的官方委任。 例如：He was appointed secretary.（他被任命为秘书。） 2.designate ：书面用语，侧重当权者或机构的选拔或任命，有时含强行指定的意味。 例如：The chairman has designated her as his successor. （主席已指定她作为他的接班人。） 3.assign ：常指给一群人或个人分配、分派、指派或委派任务。 例如：The captain assigned two soldiers to guard the gate.（上尉派了两个士兵守大门。）
高中英语重点词汇、词组辨析 1.above all, after all, at all, in all above all表示“最重要，首先”，常置于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。Above all, we have won the game. after all表示“毕竟，终究，终归，到底”，在句中位置较灵活。 Jessica has turned out to be a nice girl after all. at all表示“根本”。 I don’t like Mexican food at all. in all表示“总共”，既可放在句首，也可放在句末。 We have learned 2500 English words in all. 2. accept, receive accept表示“接受”的意思，是有意识的。 I’ve received a gift from him, but I’m not going to accept it. receive表示“收到”的意思，是无意识的。 Did you receive any letters today? 3. add, add to, add...to, add up to add表示“增加，添加，计算……总和，补充说”。 If the water is too cold, add some more hot water. add to表示“增添，增加，增进”。 The heavy snow added to our difficulties. add...to表示“把……加到……”。 Add ten to forty, and you will get fifty. add up to表示“合计达到”，该短语不用于被动语态。 All his school education added up to no more than one year. 4. admit sb./sth. to..., admit of, admit to admit sb./sth. to表示“……允许某人或某物进入某处”。 This visa will admit you to that country. admit of表示“容许有，有……可能，容有……余地”。 The facts admit of no other explanation admit to表示“承认”。 She admitted to stealing the keys. 5. agree on, agree to, agree with, agree that agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”。 We couldn’t agree on what to buy. agree to有两层含义和用法： (1)to作为动词不定式符号，其后面跟动词原形，表示“同意做某事”。 They agreed to meet on Sunday. (2)to作为介词，之后跟表示计划、条件、建议等一类的名词或代词。 The manager has agreed to our plan.
1.She _____at the mention of her lover’s name. A.blushed B.flushed C.blushed her face D.flushed with 2.Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a _____to the Shanghai_Nanjing Express way. A.sign B.mark C.signal D.board 3.He spent his weekend in the _____of his family. A.blossom B.belly C.blond D.bosom 4.The river is the _____between the two countries. A.border B.boundary C.limit D.frontier 5.If the body is robbed this way for too long, vital organs_____. A.break down B.break out C.break through D.break up 6.A faint _____stirred tiny ripples on the surface of the water. A.breeze B.gust C.gale D.typhoon 7.The diamond sparkles with _____light. A.glorious B.magnificent C.grand D.brilliant 8.The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to _____government spending. A.fiance B.expand C.enlarge D.buget 9.In the dim light he couldn’t see clearly and _____a tree. A.bump into https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,e across C.crash against D.stumble over 10.We _____everythin into the drawers. A.buried B.burdened C.hustled D.bundled 11.The light bulb in the bathroom_____and Father put in a new one. A.burnt down B.burnt off C.burnt out D.burnt away 12.This automobile plant has a monthly_____of 500 cars. A.proficiency B.strength C.capability D.capacity 13.With her soft curls and her sweet, innocent smile, she had _____film-goers heats by 1914. A.capture B.seized C.gripped D.grasped 14.The talented artist_____an interesting decoration from this piece of tree root. A.cut B.carved C.trimmed D.chopped 15.His very presence_____a shadow on the meeting. A.threw B.cast C.tossed D.caste 16.There were different _____of books in a library. A.kinds B.sorts C.varieties D.categories 17.Many people nowadays save money to _____ for their old age. A.cater B.supply C.provide D.equip 18.The Prime Minster is the _____figure in the government. A.central B.century C.certificate D.centenary 19.I had the _____that he was at home. A.confirmation B.affirmation C.appraisal D.certainty 20.These boundary disputes can be solved through diplomatic_____. A.ways B.methods C.means D.channels 21.What are the _____that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese. A.features B.traits C.characteristics D.character 22._____your bicyle brakes before you ride. A.Examine B.Inspect C.Investigate D.check 23.The whole class replied in _____to the teacher’s questions. A.together B.line C.chorus D.queue 24.The audience _____Billy Graham’s speech enthusiastically. A.attacked B.beat C.hit D.clapped 25.His manual of botany has become a _____among scientists. A.classic B.masterpiece C.legend D.work 26.He _____his pencil in his teeth while he wiped his glasses. A.grasped B.clinched C.clenched D.seized 27.Many college students in China today still _____to their parents for support. 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A.conduct B.perform C.do https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,mit 38.They used carrier pigeons to _____with the headquarters. A.associate https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,municate C.assist https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,pact 39.Racial and religious similarities _____ the tribes into a nation. A.strengthened https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,pacted C.reinforced D.powered 40.What he said was too _____for me to understand. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,plex https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,plicated https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,prehensive https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,pletive 41.The United Kingdom _____England, Wales, Scotland and North Ireland. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,prises B.includes C.contains https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,prehends 42.You must go; it’s _____and you’ll be fined if you don’t. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,plusive https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,pulsory C.demanded D.claimed 43.The heat in summer is no less _____here in this mountain region. A.concentrated B.extensive C.intense D.intensive 44.Through literary woeks he comes to understand that blood, sewat, and tears is a _____description of war. A.concise https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,pact C.terse D.brief 45.The bar associtaion_____the lawyer’s action but did not dis bar him. A.denounced B.condemned C.charged D.accused 46.We had a good time there, and the food was plentiful and _____. A.conducive B.wholesome C.helpful D.appreciative 47.Her heart was breaking, and she had no one to _____in. A.entrust B.consign C.confide https://www.doczj.com/doc/7823927.html,mit 48.Our knowedge about agriculture has so far been exclusively _____to books. A.restricted B.controlled C.confined D.restrained 49.We _____two apartments buildings for 80 households. A.established B.erected C.constructed D.consulted 50.Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _____against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field. A.contradict B.reform C.counter D.protest
ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift, aptitude 这些名词均可表示人的“能力，才能”之意。 1)ability: 普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。 eg: 1. The ability to use a language can be acquired by the ct of using the language. 运用语言的能力只能能通过不断练习才能获得。 2. His ability is limited.他的能力有限。 2)capacity ：侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。 eg: 1.Their reasoning capacity must be developed.他们的推理能力必须加以培养。 2. His capacity of accepting knowledge helps him to be the top student in his class. 他接受知识的能力使得他成为班里的第一名。 3)capability ：多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。常与of或for连用。 eg: 1. Not by age but by capacity is wisdom acquired.智慧的获得是依靠才能而不是年龄。 2. The little girl has great capability as a singer and should be trained.这个小女孩很有当歌手的才能,应该加以训练。 4)genius: 语气最强，指天赋的高度才能与智力。 eg: 1. Mozart showed genius even at the age of six, when he began to compose minuets. 莫扎特六岁时就开始创作小步舞曲, 展露才华。 2. Einstein was a mathematical genius.爱因斯坦是数学天才。 5)talent: 着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。 eg: 1. He was a man of many talents.他是一个多才多艺的人。 2. There was a lot of talent in this company.这个公司有很多人才。 6)competence: 正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。 eg: We knew her competence in solving peoblems.我们都是知道她解决问题的能力。 7)faculty: 指特殊的才能或智力。 eg: An unerring faculty for detecting hypocrisy is one of her most useful attributes. 能无误地看出伪善的能力是她身上最有用的特征之一。 8)gift: 着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。 eg: 1. Her tactfulness is a remarkable gift.她的机敏是一种非凡的天赋。 2. This diplomat possessed an excellent gift for repartee.这位外交官具有卓越的应对才能。 9)aptitude: 多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。 eg: That student has an aptitude for mathematics.那个学生有数学方面的天赋。 abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up 这些动词或词组均含“抛弃、放弃”之意 1)abandon ：强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。 eg:1. Jackson has abandoned his old car.杰克逊把他那辆旧车扔了。 2. She abandoned her husband and children and went off with another man.她抛弃了自己的丈夫和孩子, 跟另外一个男人跑了。 2)desert ：着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。 eg: 1. Many soldiers deserted during the battle.在那次战斗中许多士兵开小差了。 2. Never desert a friend in need.绝不要抛弃有困难的朋友。 3)forsake ：侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。 eg: He was forsaken by his friends.他被朋友们背弃了。 4)leave ：普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与果。 eg: I have left my job which made me crazy.我已经辞掉了那份让我抓狂的工作了。 5)give up ：普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。 eg: The doctors gave my uncle up, but he lived.医生们认为我叔叔的病无法治好，但他却活了下来。 about, around, round 1）about表示“在……周围”，三者常可互换。如： eg:They sat about [round, around] the fire.（他们围火而坐。）
英语专业四级词汇语法练习题(二) (A)1. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free，owing to its always___a_with other elements，most commonly with oxygen. A. being combined B. having combined C. to combine D. combined ( )2. Physics is the present day equivalent of ____used to be called natural philosophy，from ____ most of present day science arose. A. which，what B. that，which C. what，which D. what，that ( )3. On no account ____ever leave the baby at home alone. A. should you B. you should C. shall you D. you shall ( )4. ____the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages. A. It is the sun and not the earth B. That the sun and not the earth C. Being the sun and not the earth D. The sun and not the earth 5. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country，it ____，was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war. A. was turned out B. was being turned out C. being turned out D. turned out 6. I’d rather you ____by train because the weather forec ast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow. A. went B. should go C. will go D. go 7. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the rise of Nazism ____he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.
常用英语词语用法辨析 1:any ，some二者都可作"一些"讲。any只用于否定句和疑问句，some一般用于肯定句，但可用于表示请求，建议、反问等的疑问句中。例如：Have you any ink ? 你有墨水吗? We have to learn some English . 我们得学点英语。 Will you lend me some English books ? 你肯借给我几本英语书吗? 2:around ，round二者作为介词和副词都有"在周围"的意。其区别在于around多用美国，round多用于英语。例如：The earth goes round (或around)the sun . 地球绕太阳运行。 3:arrive ，reach ，get to三者都有"到达"之意。reach为及物动词，arrive为不及物动词，后面接介词in或at.get to常用于口语，可代替前二者。例如：The foreign visitors have arrived in Beijing . 外宾已到达北京。 She arrived at her hometown yesterday . 昨天她到达了她的家乡。 They reached Tianjin yesterday . 昨天他们到达天津。 4:as ，since ，because ，for作为连词，它们都有"因为"的意思。但because语气最强，as和since其次，for是并列连词，常用来说明理由或提供一种解释。例如：Because I am too busy ，I can't do it now . 因为我太忙，所以我现在不能做此事。 As he did not know the way ，he went to ask an old man .因为不认识路，他去问一位老人。 Since his method doesn't work ，let's try yours . 既然他的方法不行，我们就试试你的吧。 It will rain ，for it's getting dark . 要下雨了，因为天色都暗了。 5:as ，when ，while作为连词，都有"当……的时候"，其区别在于用when时，从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时，也同先于主句的动作，用as时，主句和从句的动作同时发生，有时可译作"一边……，一边"，用while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如：When the teacher came in ，the students stood up . 当老师进来时，学生们起立。 As the children walked along the lake ，they sang merrily .他们一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌。 Don't talk while you are eating . 吃饭时你不要说话。 6:be asleep ，go to sleep二者都表示"睡着"，但前者表示"睡着"的状态，后者表示"入睡"的过程。例如：While I was watching TV ，he was asleep . 我在看电视的时候，他睡着了。 I didn't know when I went to sleep . 我不知道我什么时候入睡的。 7: at ，on ，in三者都可以表示"在……的时候"区别在于：表示在哪个时刻用at;表示在哪一天，哪一天的早上(下午、晚上)，用on;表示在哪一年(季、月)。在上午，下午等，用in.例如：I get up at six o'clock in the morning . 我早晨六点起床。 on Wednesday ，on Sunday morning ，on May I ，on a cold morning in 1936 ，in autumn ，in September ，in the morning ，in the afternoon 22. battle ，fight ，struggle它们作为名词，都有"战斗"的意思。battle和fight在"战斗"这个意义上，有时可以通用。例如：The battle(fight)lasted a long time . 这次战斗持续了很长时间。还常指战争中的一次战役。例如：the Battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役fight的意义比较广泛。例如：We have started a fight against pollution . 我们已开始了一场清除污染的斗争。 struggle有"斗争"，"奋斗"的意思。例如：class struggle阶级斗争，struggle for independence 为独立而斗争，struggle with a person跟某人作斗争。 8:beautiful ，pretty ，handsome三者都有"美"的意思。但含义及所形容的对象不同。