工程材料常用词
汇表
A
奥氏体austenite
奥氏体本质晶粒度austenite inhorent grain size 奥氏体化austenitization, austenitii zing
B 白口铸铁white cast iron 白铜white brass, copper-nickel alloy 板条马氏体lath martensite 棒材bar
包晶反应peritectic reaction 薄板thin sheet 薄膜技术thin film technique 贝氏体bainite 本质晶粒度inherent grain size 比强度strength-to-weight ratic 变质处理inoculation, modification 变质剂modifying
agent,modificator 表面处理surface treatment 表面粗糙度surface roughness 表面淬火surface quenching 表面腐
蚀surface corrosion 表面硬化surface hardening 玻璃glass 玻璃态vitreous state, glass state 玻璃钢glass fiber reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维glass fiber 不可热处理的non-heat-treatable 不锈钢stainless steel 布氏
硬度Brinell hardness
C
材料强度strength ofmaterial 残余奥氏体residual austenite 残余变形residual deformation 残余应力
residual stress 层状珠光体lamellar pearlite 超导金属superconducting metal 成核nucleate, nucleation 成形forming, shaping 成长growth, growing 磁材料magnetic materials 冲击韧性impact toughness 纯铁pure iron 粗晶粒coarse grain 脆性brittleness 脆性断裂brittle fracture 淬火quenching, quench 淬透性hardenability 淬硬性hardenability
D 带材baud, strip 单晶single crystal, unit crystal 单体monomer, element 氮化层nitration case 氮化物
nitride 刀具cutting tool 导磁性magnetic conductivity 导电性electric conductivity 导热性heat conductivity, thermal conductivity 导体conductor 等离子堆焊plasma surfacing 等离子弧喷涂plasma spraying 等离子增强化
学气相沉积Plasma chemical vapour deposition (PCVD) 等温转变曲线isothermal transformation curve 低合金钢low alloy steel 低碳钢low carbon steel 低碳马氏体low carbon?martensite 低温回火low tempering 点阵常数grating constant, lattice constant 电镀electroplating, galvanize 电弧喷涂electric arc spraying 电子显微镜electron microscope 定向结晶directional
solidification S 端淬试验end quenching test 断口分析fracture analysis
断裂强度breaking strength, fracture strength 断裂韧性fracture toughness 断面收缩率contraction of cross sectional area, 锻造forge, forging, smithing 多晶体polycrystal
E
二次硬化secondaryhardening 二元合金binary alloy, two-component alloy
F
防锈的rust-proot, rust resistant 非金属non-metal, nonmetal 非晶态amorphous stats 分子键molecular bond 分子结构molecular structure 分子量molecular weight 酚醛树脂bakelite, phenolic resin 粉末治金powder metallurgy 粉末复合材料particulate composite 腐蚀corrosion, corrode, etch, etching 腐蚀剂corrodent, corrosive, etchant 复合材料composite material
G
感应淬火inductionquenching 刚度rigidity, stiffness 钢steel 钢板steel plate 钢棒steel bar 钢锭steel ingot 钢管steel tube, steel pipe 钢丝steel wire 钢球steel ball 杠杆定理lever rule, lever principle 高分子聚合物high polymer, superpolymer 高合金钢high alloy steel 高锰钢high manganess steel 高频淬火high frequency quenching 高速钢high speed steel ,quick-cutting steel 高碳钢high-carbon steel
高碳马氏体high carbon martensite 高弹态elastomer 高温回火high tempering 各向同性isotropy 各向异性anisotropy, anisotropism 工程材料engineering material 工具钢tool steel 工业纯铁industrial pure iron 工艺
technology 共价键covalent bond 共晶体eutectic 共晶反应eutectic reaction 共析体eutectoid 共析钢eatectoid steel 功能材料functional materials 固溶处理solid solution treatment 固溶强化solution strengthening 固溶体solid solution 固相solid phase 光亮热处理bright heat treatment 滚珠轴承钢ball bearing steel 过饱和固
溶体supersaturated solid solution 过共晶合金hypereutectic alloy 过共析钢hypereutectoid steel 过冷over-cooling, supercooling 过冷奥氏体supercooled austenite 过冷度degree of supercooling 过热overheat, superheat
H
焊接welding, weld 航空材料aerial material 合成纤维synthetic fiber 合金钢alloy steel 合金化alloying 合金结构钢structural alloy steel 黑色金属ferrous metal 红硬性red hardness 滑移slip, glide 滑移方向glide direction, slip direction
滑移面glide plane, slip plane 滑移系slip system 化合
物compound 化学气相沉积chemical vapour eposition (CVD) 化学热处理chemical heat treatment
J 基体matrix 机械混合物mechanical mixture 机械性能mechanical property 激光热处理heat treatment with a laser beam 激光laser 激光熔凝laser melting and consolidation 激光表面硬化surface hardening by laser beam 加工硬化work hardening 加热heating 胶粘剂adhesive 结构材料structural material 结晶crystallize, crystallization 结晶度crystallinity 金属材料metal material 金属化合物metallic compound 金属键metallic bond 金属组织metal structure 金属结构metallic framework 金属塑料复合材料plastimets 金属塑性加工metal plastic?working 金属陶瓷metal ceramic
金相显微镜metallographic microscope, metalloscope 金相照片metallograph
晶胞cell 晶格crystal lattice 晶格常数lattice constant 晶格空位lattice vacancy 晶粒crystal grain 晶粒度grain size 晶粒细化grain refining 晶体结构crystal structure 聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethy lene (PTFE) 聚合度degree of polymerization
聚合反应polymerization 绝热材料heat-insulating
material 绝缘材料insulating material
K 抗拉强度tensile strength 抗压强度compression strength 颗粒复合材料particle composite 扩散diffusion, diffuse
L
老化aging 莱氏体ledeburite 冷变形cold deformation
冷加工cold work, cold working 冷却cool, cooling 冷作硬化cold hardening 离子ion 粒状珠光体granular
pearlite 连续转变曲线continuous cooling
transformation(CCT) curve 孪晶twin crystal 孪生twinning, twin 螺旋位错helical dislocation 洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness
M
马氏体martensite (M) 密排六方晶格close-packed xagonal lattice (C.P.H.) 面心立方晶格face-centred cubic lattice (F.C.C.) 摩擦friction
磨损wear, abrade, abrasion
模具钢die steel
Mf 点martensite finishing point Ms 点martensite
starting point
N 纳米材料nanostructuredmaterials 耐磨钢wear-
resisting steel 耐磨性wearability, wear resistance 耐热钢heat resistant steel , high temperature steel 内耗internal friction
内应力internal stress
尼龙nylon
粘弹性viscoelasticity 凝固solidify, solidification 扭转强度torsional strength 扭转疲劳强度torsional fatigue strength
P
泡沫塑料foamplastics, expanded plastics 配位数coordination number 喷丸硬化shot-peening 疲劳强度fatigue strength 疲劳寿命fatigue life
片状马氏体lamellar martensite, plate type martensite
普通碳钢ordinary steel, plain carbon steel
Q 气体渗碳gas carburizing 切变shear 切削cut, cutting 切应力shearing stress 球化退火spheroidizing annealing 球墨铸铁nodular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphitecast iron 球状珠光体globular pearlite
屈服强度yielding strength, yield strength 屈强比yielding-to-tensile ratio 屈氏体troolstite (T) 去应力退火relief annealing
R 热处理heat treatment 热加工hot work, hot working 热喷涂thermal spraying 热固性thermosetting 热塑性hot plasticity 热硬性thermohardening 柔顺性flexibility 人工时效artificial ageing 刃具cutting tool 刃型位错edge dislacation, blade dislocation 韧性toughness
溶质solute
溶剂solvent 蠕变creep 蠕墨铸铁quasiflake graphite cast iron 软氮化soft nitriding
S
扫描电镜scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) 上贝氏体upper bainite
渗氮nitriding
渗硫sulfurizing
渗碳carburizing, carburization
渗碳体cementite (Cm)
失效failure
石墨graphite (G)
时间-温度转变曲线time temperaturetransformation (TTT) curve 时效硬化age-hardening 实际晶粒度actual grain size 使用寿命service life 使用性能usability 树枝状晶dendrite 树脂resin
双金属bimetal, duplex metal
水淬water quenching, water hardening, water quench
松弛relax , relaxation
塑料plastics
塑性plasticity, ductility 塑性变形plastic deformation 索氏体sorbite (S)
T
弹簧钢spring steel 弹性elasticity, spring 弹性变形
elastic deformation 弹性极限elastic limit 弹性模量elastic modulus 碳素钢carbon steel 碳含量carbon content 碳化物carbide 碳素工具钢carbon tool steel 陶瓷ceramic
陶瓷材料ceramic material 体心立方晶格body-centered cubic lattice (B.C. C.) 体型聚合物three-dimensional polymer 调质处理quenching and tempering 调质钢quenched and tempered steel 铁碳平衡图iron-carbon equilibrium diagram 透明(结晶)陶瓷crystalline ceramics 同素异构转变allotropic transformation 涂层coat, coating 退火anneal, annealing 托氏体troostite (T)
W
弯曲bend, bending 完全退火full annealing 微观组织microstructure 维氏硬度Vickers hardness 未经变质处理的uninoculated 温度temperature 无定形的amorphous 物理气相沉积physical vapour deposition (PVD)
X
下贝氏体lower bainite 线型聚合物linear polymer 纤维fibre, fiber 纤维增强复合材料filament reinforced composite 显微照片metallograph,microphotograph, micrograph 显微组织microscopic structure, microstructure 橡胶rubber 相phase 相变phase transition 相图phase diagram
消除应力退火stress relief annealing 形状记忆合金Shape memory alloys 形变deformation 性能performance, property
X 射线结构分析X-ray structural analysis
Y
压力加工press work
亚共晶铸铁hypoeutectic cast iron 亚共析钢hypoeutectoid steel 氧化物陶瓷oxide ceramics 延伸率elongation percentage 盐溶淬火salt both quenching 液相liquid phase 应变strain 应力stress 应力场强度因子stress intensity factror 应力松弛relaxation of stress 硬质合金carbide alloy, hard alloy 油淬oil quenching, oil hardening 有机玻璃methyl-methacrylate, plexiglass
有色金属nonferrous metal 匀晶uniform grain 孕育处
理inoculation, modification
Z
再结晶退火recrystallization annealing 载荷load 增强
塑料reinforced plastics 针状马氏体acicular martensite 正火normalize, normalization 致密度tightness 支化型聚合物branched polymer 智能材料intelligent materials 中合金钢medium alloy steel 轴承钢bearing steel 轴承合金bearing alloy 珠光体pearlite (P) 柱状晶体columnar crystal 铸造cast , foundry 自然时效natural ageing 自由能free energy 组元component, constituent 组织structure α钛合金α titanium alloy
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会计专业专业术语中英文对照 一、会计与会计理论 会计 accounting 决策人 Decision Maker 投资人 Investor 股东 Shareholder 债权人 Creditor 财务会计 Financial Accounting 管理会计 Management Accounting 成本会计 Cost Accounting 私业会计 Private Accounting 公众会计 Public Accounting 注册会计师 CPA Certified Public Accountant 国际会计准则委员会 IASC 美国注册会计师协会 AICPA 财务会计准则委员会 FASB 管理会计协会 IMA 美国会计学会 AAA 税务稽核署 IRS 独资企业 Proprietorship 合伙人企业 Partnership 公司 Corporation
会计目标 Accounting Objectives 会计假设 Accounting Assumptions 会计要素 Accounting Elements 会计原则 Accounting Principles 会计实务过程 Accounting Procedures 财务报表 Financial Statements 财务分析Financial Analysis 会计主体假设 Separate-entity Assumption 货币计量假设 Unit-of-measure Assumption 持续经营假设 Continuity(Going-concern) Assumption 会计分期假设 Time-period Assumption 资产 Asset 负债 Liability 业主权益 Owner's Equity 收入 Revenue 费用 Expense 收益 Income 亏损 Loss 历史成本原则 Cost Principle 收入实现原则 Revenue Principle 配比原则 Matching Principle
经济学专业词汇中英文对照（经济学, 中英文, 词汇, 专业……） 专业词汇英汉部分571 A 20 accounting 会计 accounting cost 会计成本 accounting profit 会计利润 adverse selection 逆向选择 allocation 配置 allocation of resources 资源配置allocative efficiency 配置效率 antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法 arc elasticity 弧弹性 assumption 假设 asymmetric information 非对称性信息average 平均 average cost 平均成本 average cost pricing 平均成本定价法average fixed cost 平均固定成本 average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labour 劳动平均产量average revenue 平均收益 average total cost 平均总成本 average variable cost 平均可变成本 B 12 barriers to entry 进入壁垒 base year 基年 bilateral monopoly 双边垄断 benefit 收益 black market 黑市 bliss point 极乐点 boundary point 边界点 break even point 收支相抵点 budget 预算 budget constraint 预算约束 budget line 预算线 budget set 预算集 C 75 capital 资本 capital stock 资本存量 capital output ratio 资本产出比率capitalism 资本主义
词汇表(备查) 微观经济学词汇 宏观经济学词汇 微观经济学(Microeconomic) 需求（D）Demand 供给（S）Supply 价格（P）Price 产量（Q）Quantity 均衡（E）Equilibrium 弹性（E）Elastic ity 平均A verage 边际Marginal 成本Cost 收益Revenue 总Total 效用Utility 边际效用（MU） 长期平均成本(LAC) 短期平均成本(SAC) 总成本（TC） 固定成本(FC) Fixed cost) 平均固定成本（AFC） 可变成本（VC）V ariable cost） 平均可变成本（A VC） 平均成本（AC） 边际成本（MC） 平均收益（AR） 边际收益（MR） 边际产品（MR）Marginal Revenue 劳动（L）Labor force 收入（I）Income 宏观经济学(Macroeconomics) 国民生产总值Gross National Product 国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product 总需求（AD）Aggregate demand 总供给（AS）Aggregate supply 消费（C）Consumption 投资（I）Investment 政府支出（G）Government expenditure 出口Exports
净出口（Nx）Net Export 货币Money 边际消费倾向（MPC）Marginal propensity of consume 边际储蓄倾向（MPS）Marginal propensity of save 边际进口倾向(MPm) Marginal propensity to import 汇率Exchange rate 预期Expectation
国际企业中英文对照 一、损益表INCOME STATEMENT Aggregate income statement 合并损益表 Operating Results 经营业绩 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 财务摘要 Gross revenues 总收入/毛收入 Net revenues 销售收入/净收入 Sales 销售额 Turnover 营业额 Cost of revenues 销售成本 Gross profit 毛利润 Gross margin 毛利率 Other income and gain 其他收入及利得 EBITDA 息、税、折旧、摊销前利润（EBITDA） EBITDA margin EBITDA率 EBITA 息、税、摊销前利润 EBIT 息税前利润/营业利润 Operating income（loss）营业利润/（亏损） Operating profit 营业利润 Operating margin 营业利润率 EBIT margin EBIT率（营业利润率） Profit before disposal of investments 出售投资前利润 Operating expenses: 营业费用： Research and development costs （R&D）研发费用 marketing expensesSelling expenses 销售费用 Cost of revenues 营业成本 Selling Cost 销售成本 Sales and marketing expenses Selling and marketing expenses 销售费用、或销售及市场推广费用 Selling and distribution costs 营销费用/行销费用 General and administrative expenses 管理费用/一般及管理费用Administrative expenses 管理费用 Operating income（loss）营业利润/（亏损） Profit from operating activities 营业利润/经营活动之利润 Finance costs 财务费用/财务成本 Financial result 财务费用 Finance income 财务收益 Change in fair value of derivative liability associated with Series B convertible redeemable preference shares 可转换可赎回优先股B相关衍生负债公允值变动 Loss on the derivative component of convertible bonds 可換股債券衍生工具之損失 Equity loss of affiliates 子公司权益损失
常用经济类词汇： economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策
economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产
经济学中常见术语(中英文对照)
经济术语 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues 回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港portof destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price 国际市场价格world (International)Marketpr ice 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight
public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的
财务术语中英文对照大全，财务人必备！ 2015-05-28注册会计师注册会计师 知道“会计”的英语怎么说吗？不会？那可真够无语的额！ 想要进入外资企业做会计？想要进入四大会计师事务所工作？好的英语水平是必不可少的！所以小编特地整理了财务数中英文大全，赶紧从基础英语学起，拿起笔做好笔记吧！ 增加见识也好，装装逼也行。 目录 一、会计与会计理论 二、会计循环 三、现金与应收账款 四、存货 五、长期投资 六、固定资产 七、无形资产
八、流动负债 九、长期负债 十、业主权益 十一、财务报表 十二、财务状况变动表 十三、财务报表分析 十四、合并财务报表 十五、物价变动中的会计计量 一、会计与会计理论 会计accounting 决策人Decision Maker 投资人Investor 股东Shareholder 债权人Creditor 财务会计Financial Accounting 管理会计Management Accounting 成本会计Cost Accounting
私业会计Private Accounting 公众会计Public Accounting 注册会计师CPA Certified Public Accountant 国际会计准则委员会IASC 美国注册会计师协会AICPA 财务会计准则委员会FASB 管理会计协会IMA 美国会计学会AAA 税务稽核署IRS 独资企业Proprietorship 合伙人企业Partnership 公司Corporation 会计目标Accounting Objectives 会计假设Accounting Assumptions 会计要素Accounting Elements 会计原则Accounting Principles 会计实务过程Accounting Procedures 财务报表Financial Statements 财务分析Financial Analysis 会计主体假设Separate-entity Assumption 货币计量假设Unit-of-measure Assumption 持续经营假设Continuity(Going-concern) Assumption
经济学英语词汇1、General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的 2、Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产 capital goods资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolvingfund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金
管理经济学中英文术语及其解释 Ability-to-Pay principle (税收的)能力支付原则the idea that taxes should be levied on a person according to how well that person can shoulder the burden Absolute advantage绝对优势the comparison among producers of a good according to their productivity Accounting profit会计利润total revenue minus total explicit cost Adverse selection逆向选择the tendency for the mix of unobserved attributes to become undesirable from the standpoint of an uninformed party Agent代理人 a person who is performing an act for another person, called the principal Arrow ?s impossibility theorem阿罗不可能定理a mathematical result showing that, under certain assumed conditions, there is no scheme for aggregating individual preferences into a valid set of social preferences Average fixed cost平均固定成本fixed costs divided by the quantity of output Average revenue平均收益total revenue divided by the quantity sold Average tax rate平均税率total taxes paid divided by total income Average total cost平均总成本total cost divided by the quantity of output Average variable cost平均可变成本variable costs divided by the quantity of output Benefits principle受益原则the idea that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services Budget constraint预算约束the limit on the consumption bundles that a consumer can afford Budget deficit预算赤字an excess of government spending over government receipts Budget surplus预算盈余an excess of government receipts over government spending Business cycle经济周期fluctuations in economic activity, such as employment and production Capital资产the equipment and structures used to produce goods and services Cartel卡特尔a group of firms acting in unison Circular-flow diagram循环流向图 a visual model of the economy that shows how dollars flow through markets among households and firms Coase theorem科斯定理the proposition that if private parties can bargain without cost over the allocation of resources, they can solve the problem of externalities on their own Collusion共谋an agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge Common resources共源goods that are rival but not excludable Comparative advantage比较优势the comparison among producers of a good according to their opportunity cost Compensating differential补偿性工资差别 a difference in wages that arises to offset the nonmonetary characteristics of different jobs Competitive market竞争性市场 a market with many buyers and sellers trading identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker Complements互补性商品two goods for which an increase in the price of one leads to a decrease in the demand for the other Condorcet paradox孔多塞悖论（投票悖论）the failure of majority rule to produce transitive preferences for society Constant returns to scale规模报酬不变the property whereby long-run average total cost stays
经济学专有名词 A accounting:会计 accounting cost :会计成本 accounting profit :会计利润 adverse selection :逆向选择 allocation 配置 allocation of resources :资源配置 allocative efficiency :配置效率 antitrust legislation :反托拉斯法 arc elasticity :弧弹性 Arrow's impossibility theorem :阿罗不可能定理Assumption :假设 asymetric information :非对称性信息 average :平均 average cost :平均成本 average cost pricing :平均成本定价法 average fixed cost :平均固定成本 average product of capital :资本平均产量
average product of labour :劳动平均产量average revenue :平均收益 average total cost :平均总成本average variable cost :平均可变成本
B barriers to entry :进入壁垒base year :基年 bilateral monopoly :双边垄断benefit :收益black market :黑市bliss point :极乐点boundary point :边界点break even point :收支相抵点budget :预算 budget constraint :预算约束budget line :预算线budget set 预算集
流动资产：CURRENT ASSETS: 货币资金Cash 结算备付金Provision of settlement fund 拆出资金Funds lent 交易性金融资产Financial assets held for trading 应收票据Notes receivable 应收账款Accounts receivable 预付款项Advances to suppliers 应收保费Insurance premiums receivable 应收分保账款Cession premiums receivable 应收分保合同准备金Provision of cession receivable 应收利息Interests receivable 其他应收款Other receivable 买入返售金融资产Recoursable financial assets acquired 存货Inventories 其中：原材料Raw material 库存商品Stock goods 一年内到期的非流动资产Non-current assets maturing within one year 其他流动资产Other current assets 流动资产合计TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS 非流动资产：NON-CURRENT ASSETS 发放贷款及垫款Loans and payments on behalf 可供出售金融资产Available-for-sale financial assets 持有至到期投资Held-to-maturity investments 长期应收款Long-term receivables 长期股权投资Long-term equity investments 投资性房地产Investment real estates 固定资产原价Fixed assets original cost 减：累计折旧Less:Accumulated depreciation 固定资产净值Fixed assets--net value 减：固定资产减值准备Less:Fixed assets impairment provision 固定资产净额Fixed assets--net book value 在建工程Construction in progress 工程物资Construction supplies 固定资产清理Fixed assets pending disposal 生产性生物资产Bearer biological assets 油气资产Oil and natural gas assets 无形资产Intangibel assets 开发支出Research and development costs 商誉Goodwill 长期待摊费用Long-term deferred expenses
国际经济与贸易专业英语词汇手册 商学院 2009年1月
economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活，标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本
常见经济学常用词汇 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 更多词汇 1、General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政
微观经济学中各个字母缩写对应的中英文意思 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
P：价格Price Q：数量Number D：需求Demand S供给Supply E：均衡（或期望）Equilibrium 效用Utility TU：Total utility总效用 MU：Marginal utility边际效用 CS: Consumer surplus消费者剩余 MRS：商品的边际替代率Marginal rate of substitution L：劳动力Labor TP:总产量 AP：平均产量 MP:边际产量 MRTS:边际技术替代率 STC：短期总成本土地( Land）成本（Capital） 边际效用（ Marginal utility）利润（Profit）长期（Long run）TFC：总不变成本Total fixed cost TVC：总可变成本Total variable cost TC：总成本Total cost AFC：平均不变成本Average fixed cost AVC：平均可变成本Average variable cost） AC：平均总成本Average total cost 平均成本（Average cost） MC：边际成本Marginal cost LTC：长期总成本Long run total cost LAC：长期平均成本Long run average cost SAC：短期平均成本Short run average cost LMC：长期边际成本Long run marginal cost SMC：短期边际成本Short run marginal cost TR：总收益Total revenue AR：平均收益Average revenue MR：边际收益Marginal revenue
初级会计 初级会计 会计术语名称英文名称 对账（checking） 对应账户（corresponding accounts） 定期清查（Periodic checking method） 定期盘存制（periodic inventory system） 订本式账簿（bound book） 调整账户（adjustment accounts） 调整分录（adjusting journal entry） 单式记账凭证（single account title voucher） 单式记账法（single-entry bookkeeping） 从属账户（Secondary accounts） 成本计算账户（costing accounts） 财产清查（physical inventory） 簿记（bookkeeping） 不定期清查（non-periodic checking method） 补充登记法（correction by extre recording） 表外账户（off-balance sheet accounts） 备抵账户（provision accounts） 备抵附加账户（provision and adjunct accounts） 备查账簿（memorandvn） 序时账簿（book of chronological entry） 一次凭证（single-record document）银行存款日记账（deposit journal） 永续盘存制（perpetual inventory system） 原始凭证（source document） 暂记账户（suspense accounts） 增减记账法（increase-decrease bookkeeping） 债权结算账户（accounts for settlement of claim）债权债务结算账户（accounts for settlement of claim and debt）债务结算账户（accounts for settlement of debt） 账户（account） 账户编号（Account number） 账户对应关系（debit-credit relationship） 账项调整（adjustment of account）
经济学专业术语（中英文对照） 目录 1. 经济学原理 (2) 2. 像经济学家一样思考 (2) 3. 相互依存性与贸易的好处 (3) 4. 供给与需求的市场力量 (3) 5. 弹性及其应用 (4) 6. 供给需求与政策 (4) 7. 消费者、生产者与市场效率 (4) 8. 赋税的应用 (4) 9. 国际贸易 (5) 10. 外部性 (5) 11. 公共物品和公共资源 (5) 12. 税制设计 (5) 13. 生产成本 (6) 14. 竞争市场上的企业 (7) 15. 垄断 (7) 16. 垄断竞争 (7) 17. 寡头 (7) 18. 生产要素市场 (8) 19. 收入与歧视 (8) 20. 收入不平等与贫困 (8) 21. 消费者选择理论 (9) 22. 微观经济学前沿 (9) 23. 一国收入的衡量 (10) 24. 生活费用的衡量 (10) 25. 生产与增长 (10) 26. 储蓄、投资和金融体系 (11) 27. 金融学的基本工具 (11) 28. 失业 (12) 29. 货币制度 (12) 30. 货币增长与通货膨胀 (13) 31. 开放经济的宏观经济学 (14) 32. 开放经济的宏观经济理论 (14) 33. 总需求与总供给 (14) 34. 货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响 (15) 35. 通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍 (15)
1.经济学原理 经济:(economy) 稀缺性:(scarcity) 经济学:(economics) 效率:(efficiency) 平等:(equality) 机会成本:(opporyunity cost) 理性人:(rational people) 边际变动:(marginal change) 边际收益:(marginal benefit) 边际成本:(marginal cost) 激励:(incentive) 市场经济:(market economy) 产权:(property rights) 市场失灵:(market failure) 外部性:(externality) 市场势力:(market power) 生产率:(productivity) 通货膨胀:(inflation) 经济周期:(business cycle) 2.像经济学家一样思考循环流量图:(circular-flow diagram) 生产可能性边界:(production possibilities)微观经济学:(microeconomics) 宏观经济学:(macroeconomics) 实证表述:(positive statements) 规范表述:(normative statements)
经济术语 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues 回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港portof destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price 国际市场价格world (International)Marketprice 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价） CIF-cost,insurance and freight 裙带资本主义（Crony Capitalism）道德风险（Moral Hazard） 产权（property rights） 公地悲剧（Tragedy of the commons）垄断（monopoly） 逆向选择（adverse selection） 常用经济学术语： economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯