英语六级阅读难点关键句 200句之三 (中英对照 - 1 -
41. His thesis works relatively well when applied definition of racial prejudice as “ racially
any given region of et
Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. 42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the
sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, religious expression from one generation to another, a
and American experiences.
43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which life is based in earning, spending, organizing,
social system derived from the social sciences, even though is built upon the very imperfect samples of experience.
44. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the
towards people.
structural differences among neuron
influenced by these differences, which seemed instead influence the developmental patterning of the neural
sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of
for this view. 41. His thesis works relatively well when to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but definition of rac ial prejudice as “ racially
Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. 42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the
sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, religious expression from one generation to another, a
and American experiences.
43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which life is based in earning, spending, organizing, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on , is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.
44. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people.
45. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. 46. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge , and there is some evidence for this view.
47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces, the other of the larger remains.
48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable difference of opinion.
49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis of the spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer. 50. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us. 51. Even the doctoral degree, long recognized as a required “ union card” in the academic world, has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation of knowledge without immediate application to a profes sor’s classroom duties.
52. While a selection of necessary details is involved in both, the officer must remain neutral and clearly try to present a picture of the facts, while the artist usually begins with a preconceived message or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully selected details of action described in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.
53. Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production (GNP because it is not such a complete
英语六级阅读难点关键句 200句之三 (中英对照 - 2 -
appropriate changes it could be converted into one.
seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute
predict earthquakes.
would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from happening.
57. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers, flights are within the Earth’s atmosphere, from hitting targets.
groups have difficulty establishing themselves
that are generated by large companies.
the “useful” child who con tributed to the family economy way gradually to the present day notion of the “useless” who, though producing no income for, and indeed
costly to its parents, is yet considered
“ priceless”.
classes by the mid-
centuries as reformers introduced child labor regulations
that a child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.第三部分(41-60句译文
41、对于针对美国黑人的种族歧视, 他的理论相对成立得较好, 但是他将种族偏见如此定义:“在某一特定区域内的种族竞争中被普遍接受的一个种族所受到的基于种族的负面偏见。”可以看作也包含有对象加州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人等少数民族的敌视。
42、加特曼确凿地说明黑人家庭的稳定鼓励了黑人文化遗产的传递和维护, 这些遗产包括从一代传到另一代的民间传说, 音乐, 和宗教表述,这些遗产使非洲和美洲的奴隶们特色显著。
43、即使社会系统的民间知识中像挣钱,花费,组织,婚嫁,政治活动的参与, 以及战斗等等, 都与从社会科学中衍生出来更加精细的社会系统描述相差不多, 尽管它是建立在一个不太完善的个人经验上的模型。
44、有几项措施可以采取, 其中主要的是要所有宣布以保护动物利益为目标的组织都明确宣布他们对于人类所受到的暴力袭击表决坚定的立场、
45、用其他方式来展示神经类型的细微差别也是可能的, 然而, 要证明脉冲质量和传导受到这些差别的影响还缺乏证据, 看起来这些差别影响的是神经单元的发展形成方式。
46、根据这一理论, 不是由感觉神经脉冲的质量来决定他们产生的各种神经感觉的, 而是由他们被发射到大脑的哪一部位来决定的, 对这一观点是有证据的。
47、磨擦的结果是, 在叶面上服从正态分布的地方就会产生两种分布方式,顶点上主要是小块, 其他的地方是小块,其他的地方是大块的地方。
48、圣经没有告诉我们罗马的数据统计者们怎样达到我们今天的经济预测的可靠性的, 我们进一步思考的话, 其中的意见上有很大的不同。 49、在英国进行的一项调查证实经常接受 X 光照射的脊椎关节炎患者癌症的百分比高得不正常。
50、然而, 穿过太空的港湾,那里的意识对于我们的来说就像我们的意识比动物的意识一样, 冷酷广博而无情的智慧, 用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球,慢慢地肯定会制定针对我们的计划。
51、即使是学术界被长时间认作必须“同盟卡”的博士学位,现在也因为仅仅为了学习本身和知识的累积而学习, 却不把知识应用到教授的教学职责中去而受到了严厉的批评。
52、尽管收集必要的信息对于两者来说都是需要的, 但官员必须以中立和清晰的态度来提供事实的画面, 而艺术家从已设字的信息或者态度开始, 并将其过用激发读者共鸣和情绪反应的词语描写的动用细节描述出来。
53、流行期刊中甚至有文章批评国民生产总值, 因为它并不是一个福利目录, 一方面忽视了它从来就没有这种倾向, 另一方面的建议是通过正确的改变它才能被转化过来。
54、其他的实验揭示神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和连接的细微变化, 但就神经关联而言, 这些感觉区域的相似性比那些细微的区别更有意义可言。
55、中国向农民和其它农村住户发放了宣传刊物, 指导他们观察动物, 以便每户人家都能参与帮助地震预报。
56、星球大战防御系统的支持者们希望它不仅能保护一个遭受核攻击的国家,也希望它能成为使核攻击永不发生的足够威胁。
57、它也不能防止轨道在地球大气层以内的洲际导弹和轰炸机命中目标。
58、人民活动家一直认为黑人和拉丁美人难以在生意上立足的原因是因为他们难以取得大公司的大宗定单和分包合同。
59、她认为十九世纪给家庭经济作出贡献的孩子才“有用” 的概念慢慢改变了,今天提到那些没有挣取收入的“无用”孩子,甚至还要花销很多,仍然在情感上被认为是无价的。
60、这种关于孩子的观点到 19世纪时已在中上阶级中建立,并于 19世纪末 20世纪初在社会上广泛传播,当时改革者们推行童工规定和义务教育法, 部分来源于孩子的情感价值的假设, 这都使得使用童工被禁止了。
47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces, the
英语六级阅读难点关键句 200句之三 (中英对照 - 3 -
other of the larger remains.
48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the
difference of opinion.
49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an
spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer. as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.
professor’s classroom duties.
52. While a selection of necessary details is involved in
preconceived message or attitude
through the use of carefully selected details of described in words intended to provoke associations emotional reactions in the reader.
index of welfare, ignoring, on the one hand, that it was intended to be, and suggesting, on the other, that appropriate changes it could be converted into one.
seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute
predict earthquakes.
would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from happening.
57. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers, flights are within the Earth’s atmosphere , from hitting targets.
groups have difficulty establishing themselves that are generated by large companies.
59. During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the “useful” child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present day notion of the “useless” child who, though producing no income for, and ind eed extremely costly to its parents, is yet considered emotionally “ priceless”.
60. Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800’s, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicted in part on the assumption that a child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.第三部分(41-60句译文
41、对于针对美国黑人的种族歧视, 他的理论相对成立得较好, 但是他将种族偏见如此定义:“在某一特定区域内的种族竞争中被普遍接受的一个种族所受到的基于种族的负面偏见。”可以看作也包含有对象加州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人等少数民族的敌视。
42、加特曼确凿地说明黑人家庭的稳定鼓励了黑人文化遗产的传递和维护,这些遗产包括从一代传到另一代的民间传说, 音乐, 和宗教表述,这些遗产使非洲和美洲的奴隶们特色显著。
43、即使社会系统的民间知识中像挣钱,花费,组织,婚嫁,政治活动的参与, 以及战斗等等, 都与从社会科学中衍生出来更加精细的社会系统描述相差不多, 尽管它是建立在一个不太完善的个人经验上的模型。
44、有几项措施可以采取, 其中主要的是要所有宣布以保护动物利益为目标的组织都明确宣布他们对于人类所受到的暴力袭击表决坚定的立场、
45、用其他方式来展示神经类型的细微差别也是可能的, 然而, 要证明脉冲质量和传导受到这些差别的影响还缺乏证据, 看起来这些差别影响的是神经单元的发展形成方式。
46、根据这一理论, 不是由感觉神经脉冲的质量来决定他们产生的各种神经感觉的, 而是由他们被发射到大脑的哪一部位来决定的, 对这一观点是有证据的。
47、磨擦的结果是, 在叶面上服从正态分布的地方就会产生两种分布方式,顶点上主要是小块, 其他的地方是小块,其他的地方是大块的地方。
48、圣经没有告诉我们罗马的数据统计者们怎样达到我们今天的经济预测的可靠性的, 我们进一步思考的话, 其中的意见上有很大的不同。 49、在英国进行的一项调查证实经常接受 X 光照射的脊椎关节炎患者癌症的百分比高得不正常。
50、然而, 穿过太空的港湾,那里的意识对于我们的来说就像我们的意识比动物的意识一样, 冷酷广博而无情的智慧, 用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球,慢慢地肯定会制定针对我们的计划。
51、即使是学术界被长时间认作必须“同盟卡”的博士学位,现在也因为仅仅为了学习本身和知识的累积而学习, 却不把知识应用到教授的教学职责中去而受到了严厉的批评。
52、尽管收集必要的信息对于两者来说都是需要的, 但官员必须以中立和清晰的态度来提供事实的画面, 而艺术家从已设字的信息或者态
英语六级阅读难点关键句 200句之三 (中英对照 - 4 -
度开始,并将其过用激发读者共鸣和情绪反应的词语描写的动用
细节描述出来。
53、流行期刊中甚至有文章批评国民生产总值, 因为它并不是一个福
利目录, 一方面忽视了它从来就没有这种倾向, 另一方面的建议是通
过正确的改变它才能被转化过来。
54、其他的实验揭示神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和连接的细微变化,
但就神经关联而言, 这些感觉区域的相似性比那些细微的区别更有意义可言。
55、中国向农民和其它农村住户发放了宣传刊物, 指导他们观察动物, 以便每户人家都能参与帮助地震预报。
56、星球大战防御系统的支持者们希望它不仅能保护一个遭受核攻击的国家,也希望它能成为使核攻击永不发生的足够威胁。
57、它也不能防止轨道在地球大气层以内的洲际导弹和轰炸机命中目标。
58、人民活动家一直认为黑人和拉丁美人难以在生意上立足的原因是因为他们难以取得大公司的大宗定单和分包合同。
59、她认为十九世纪给家庭经济作出贡献的孩子才“有用” 的概念慢慢改变了,今天提到那些没有挣取收入的“无用”孩子,甚至还要花
销很多,仍然在情感上被认为是无价的。
60、这种关于孩子的观点到 19世纪时已在中上阶级中建立,并于 19 世纪末 20世纪初在社会上广泛传播,当时改革者们推行童工规定和
义务教育法, 部分来源于孩子的情感价值的假设, 这都使得使用童工
被禁止了。
英语六级阅读难点关键句100句之二 21. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. 22. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite o f this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. 23. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. 24. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. 25. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. 26. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. 27. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. 28. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling? 29. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, b ut it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. 30. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on t he child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement. 31. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. 32. The release of the carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely on the action of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and certain types of fungi. 33. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a mouse era and a major who says that they haven’t. 34. They are trying to find out whether there is something about the way we teach language to children which in fact prevents children from learning sooner. 35. Mathematicians who have tried to use the computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos.
【一】在Word XP中打开文档Wd11.doc，完成如下操作： 1、修改样式“标题1”为（中文）黑体、小二号、居中对齐，并应用于标题（即第一段落）； 2、使用替换功能将文中“查询”两个字全部删除； 3、将正文所有文本字体设为四号、楷体_GB2312，正文各段首行缩进2个字符，段前间距为 24磅； 4、将文中最后一行文本（即最后一段文本）转换成表格，并添加填充色“灰色-15%”底纹， 应用于表格； 5、在文章末尾插入“分节符”，类型为“下一页”； 6、在第二节中插入k:\Fjexam95\pt09-3.jpg图片，并将其高度、宽度缩小为原来的50%， 图片浮于文字上方且居中； 7、完成后直接保存，并关闭Word XP。 【二】在Word XP中打开文档Wd12.doc，完成如下操作： 1、将标题“现代生活中的交流方式”设置为艺术字，式样为“艺术字式样”对话框中第3行 第4列、黑体、字号32，倾斜； 2、在正文第二段（面谈是……）段首插入“分节符”，类型为“连续”； 3、将正文第一段（现代社会……）设置为每行25个字符； 4、给正文第二段至第六段的段首加项目符号“ ”； 5、将正文中的表格转换成文本； 6、在页面底端中间插入页码，数字格式选用“Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ……”； 7、完成后直接保存，并关闭Word XP。 【三】在Word XP中打开文档Wd13.doc，完成如下操作： 1、将标题设置为小二号、黑体、红色（RGB（255,0,0））、居中，段后间距为20磅； 2、将正文第一段（青少年……）与正文第二段（教师在……）交换，并将正文各段文字设置 为三号、楷体_GB2312，各段首行缩进2个字符； 3、在页面底端中间插入页码，数字格式选用“Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ……”，首页不显示页码； 4、使用替换功能将文章中的“学生”替换成“Student”并添加细波浪线； 5、在文章末尾插入一个1行1列的表格，并在其中填入本文档的作者； 6、设置该页面纸张为16开，每页20行，每行30字； 7、完成后直接保存，并关闭Word XP。 【四】在Word XP中打开文档Wd14.doc，完成如下操作： 1、将标题“多媒体课件――练习课件”设置为艺术字，式样为“艺术字式样”对话框中第2 行第3列、黑体、字号24； 2、将除标题外所有正文字体设置为“楷体_GB2312”、“三号”，各段首行缩进2个字符； 3、在表格前插入“分页符”； 4、将文档中表格拆分为两个2行2列的表格； 5、为上述第二个表格的最后一个单元格添加批注：“本文的字符数”； 6、在第一页页眉中插入本文的作者，第二页页眉中添加文本内容“本页表格”； 7、完成后直接保存，并关闭Word XP。 【五】在Word XP中打开文档Wd15.doc，完成如下操作： 1、修改“标题1”样式为黑体、小二号、加着重号、居中对齐、段后间距为20磅，并应用 于文章的标题； 2、使用替换功能将文中“计算机”三个字全部删除；
英语快速阅读：英语六级考试中的如何提高阅读效率在继“出国考托福需要的三种快速阅读（按住ctrl键，鼠标点击可做具体了解）技巧”和“出国考雅思需要快速阅读”等英语快速阅读文章外，精英特速读记忆训练网再推出“英语六级考试中的如何提高阅读效率”以供大家作英语快速阅读技巧及训练的参考。 大学英语六级考试大纲（2006年修订版）明确指出：快速阅读部分采用1~2篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文，总长度约为1200词。要求考生运用略读（skimming）和查读（scanning）的技能从篇章中获取信息。略读考核考生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力，阅读速度约为每分钟120词；查读考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大写单词、段首或句首词等，快速查找特定信息的能力。 其中“每分钟120词”的“高速度”通常会让大多数考生感到无从下手。其实不必如此，下面介绍三招来实现快速阅读真正的又快又好！ 第一招：明确试题特点，做到有的放矢 从近几年的真题来看，快速阅读理解部分采用的题型有是非判断题、句子填空题和选择题等。 1. 是非判断题 是非判断题要求我们根据原文信息判断题目中各个句子的描述是“对（Yes）”、“错（No）”还是“未提及（Not Given）”。判断的原则是确定题干与原文语句之间的关系，基本标准是：如果题干与原文意思一致，就是“对（Y）”； 如果题干与原文意思不一致，就是“错（N）”； 如果题干与原文既不一致也不矛盾，则说明原文对题干表述的事物不曾提及，或未作判断，即为“未提及（NG）”。 2. 句子填空题 句子填空题主要通过改变原文句子结构，或者变换其中的连接词，或缺省其中的某个句子成分，让考生补充所需内容。这类题目要先分析所缺的部分，是一个词、短语、还是从句等，是名词性、动词性还是形容词性等，填的时候要“对症下药”；最后分析原文相关语句，尽量用原文词语填空，但要做到简练，以保证所填内容的准确性。 3. 选择题 选择题是快速阅读的一个备选题型，四个选项就意味着关键词出现的高频率，也相对降低了解题难度。快速阅读的选择题一般很少有需要推理或综合判断的题目，只需根据题干的关键词定位到文中相关语句，答案即一目了然。 第二招：掌握阅读方法，以求成竹在胸 快速阅读题目考查的阅读方法是略读（skimming）和查读（scanning），强调的是考生在实践语言环境中查询有效信息的能力，其中略读（skimming）的重点在于快速了解文章的中心思想，查读（scanning）的重点在于有目标地找出文中某些特定的信息。
距离大学英语六级考试还有不足一个月的时间，笔者给临战的考生朋友们一些建议。希望能通过本文帮大家梳理一个头绪，在最后的备战中尽量做到有的放矢，弹无虚发。 一、快速阅读。 大学六级中的第一道阅读题目是快速阅读，很多考生朋友都向笔者反映：快速阅读怎么做啊？拿到题目是先看文章还是先看题目啊？怎么我总是做不完题啊？有什么方法可以提高阅读速度啊？等等等等……这几个问题相信也是大家最关心的，那接下来，笔者将从六级快速阅读的命题特征，做题步骤，解题方法几个角度来谈谈如何攻克快速阅读。 1.六级快速阅读的命题特征。 六级快速阅读的文章篇幅约为1200单词，通常是略多一些的，整个题目的给定时间为15分钟。文章之后是十道题目，这十题可以会出现两种组合：一种为4道是非判断题(也就是大家所熟悉的Y/N/NG题)加上6道句子填空题(也可称补全句子)；另一种为7道选择题加上3道句子填空题。 至于考试最终会以哪种形式出题，在考纲中是没有明确说明的，从改革之后的几次实考情况来看，06年12月六级开始使用新题型，到09年6月的六级考试中，第一种题目组合形式考了两次，分别是06年12月和07年6月；第二种题目组合形式考了之后的四次。大家可以从以上的信息中来分配自己对于每种题型的复习时间。 2.六级快速阅读的做题步骤。 由于整个快速阅读部分总体时间为15分钟，如果不进行合理的规划，这样的时间是绝对不够用的。很多考生朋友会问到底应该以一种什么样的顺序来做题？我们先来了解一下在考试大纲中的说法： “要求考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信息。略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力，阅读速度约为每分钟120词。查读考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大字单词、段首或句首词等，快速查找特定信息的能力。” 从考纲中我们发现，这里有三个重点信息：略读、查读、速度为120词/分钟。从这三点上我们基本上可以确实整体的步骤了，那就是选定信息+回到文章查找信息+对比解题。而且我们应该是看一题，做一题。这就是所谓的略读、查读。其实这正是我们平时所使用的从题干中找关键词，回文章定位的办法。快速阅读其实就是考定位。 而另外一个信息，阅读速度问题，表面上看到这个120词/分钟，很考生都望而却步，这绝对是一个无法企及的速度，但笔者提醒大家看它前面的文字，这样读的目的是为了获取文章主旨大意，而不是精细分析，于是结合大家以往所掌握的英语阅读知识应该知道，在英语中主旨的位置往往是相对固定的，想要把握1200个单词的文章的主旨根本不需要全文阅读，只需要看几个位置就可以了，如标题、首段、小标题。所以说这里的阅读速度应该更确切的讲是平均速度。
六级阅读72个难点关键句(免费)
免费下载1．It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型欢迎下载 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2．强调句型It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us. 3．"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"（very+形容词） He was all gentleness to her. 4．利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5．"something（much）of"和"nothing（little）of""something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of"，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。" They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6．同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7．as…as…can（may）be It is as plain as plain can be. 8．"It is in（with）…as in（with）" It is in life as in a journey. 9．"as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy,that he would adopt him.
2.2.7.1传输线路施工重点 1)特殊地段施工： ●注意与当地群众做好协调工作，重视施工队伍自身的形象。 ●附挂电力杆及交越电力线施工时请求电力公司配合操作，禁止在与电力线交叉线路上拖拉 钢绞线和光缆。 ●城区施工时，要即时与园林、城建等单位联系，尽快办理施工许可证避免影响施工工期。 2)路由复测： ●根据设计核定光缆路由走向及敷设位置。 ●核定和丈量线路长度。 ●为光缆配盘、布放和运输提供参考资料。 ●为修改、补充施工图提供参考意见。 3)做好光缆单盘检验与光缆配盘 ●按技术规范要求编制单盘检验记录表格。 ●单盘检验要求按屯放点编写自编盘号，测试时用OTDR测试光纤衰减和纤长，并应与出厂 随盘资料核对；测试数据要做好详细记录，出厂资料和单检记录应存档。 ●光缆配盘：根据复测路由和光缆到货的实际盘长，合理配盘，尽量做到整盘配放。 4)光缆的敷设: ●本工程的架空光缆，采用人工布放，光缆布放中应避免尖锐石块，铁器或其它硬物擦伤， 并随时检查光缆外护层，如有损伤要及时修复。 ●光缆布放时，必须严密组织并有专人指挥，布放过程中应有良好的联络手段，禁止未经训 练的人员上岗和无联络工具的情况下作业。 ●配盘时，架空光缆接头位置的安排在电杆附近。避免安排在道路、河渠、水塘、沟坎等维 护不便或易受损伤的地方。 ●位于电杆两侧和吊线接头处两侧的光缆，要用铝芯塑料线与吊线绑扎，并用PVC软管保护 光缆。 ●新建杆路应按规范安装防雷装置、直埋式地线、拉线式地线，接地电阻按吊线接地要求。
5)光缆接续安装 ●光缆接续测试操作人员必须是通过专业培训并已取得上岗证书的人员进行。 ●本工程将根据工程中使用的光缆和光缆接头盒以及工程实际情况，组织光缆接续和安装培 训和现场演示，统一操作规范和工艺，并对参加培训的人员进行考核发证。在施工中实行持证上岗，以确保工程质量。 ●光缆接续仪表和监测仪表应通过仪表计量单位校对后使用，使用中每周还必须进行一次核 查试验。 ●光纤接续衰耗必须达到设计要求指标。 ●光缆接续完毕后应及时固定（在杆上、接头坑内或人孔壁上），防护措施应按技术要求和 规范进行光缆成端和全程测试。 6)光缆成端和全程测试 ●光缆成端工作由经过专门培训的人员持证上岗完成。 ●成端之前应核对施工图纸，以确保安装正确，工艺美观。 ●光缆全程测试仪表应在使用前交仪表计量站进行校对。 ●全程测试工作认真细致，测试数据要与掌握的资料进行核对。 ●测试记录要认真填写，最终测试记录作为竣工资料的重要组成部分。 7)安全保障措施 ●根据本工程的要求及特殊性，根据工程分段施工的特点，指派专门安全员，专职负责各分 段施工的安全。 ●加强施工管理，严禁“三违”操作。 ●对本次施工的全体员工进行施工前的安全思想、安全知识、安全技能及法制教育。 ●对特殊地区进行特殊施工时，要对施工人员进行特种培训，比如埋式光缆施工的爆破处理 等相关人员需持有相关的上岗证。 ●施工前对我公司投入本工程施工的所有机具进行全面、专业一检测后再进行使用，并作好 检测记录。 ●穿越电力等施工时，严禁在交叉线路上拖拉钢绞线和光缆。
大学英语四级阅读难点关键句140句 1. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. 2. But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind. 3. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. 4. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it. 5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down. 6. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. 7. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. 8. Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds. 9. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. 10. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. 11. We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. 12. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. 13. We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know , and make men of them. 14. In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth's postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that
重点、难点和解决方案 1.1重点、难点和解决方案 1.重点、难点分析 （1）本工程建设规模大，涉及专业多，确保工期目标的实现，是本工程的重点； （2）隐蔽工程和特殊部位的正确处理，确保工程质量和效果，是本工程的难点； （3）绿色环保材料的选用，以及材料的管理，是本工程的重点； （4）安全、文明、环保施工，降低噪音，是本工程的重点； （5）本工程先拆除后装饰，开工前，查清水电管线的走向、开关阀们位置，并切断施工区域的水、电源，严禁野蛮施工。将拆除时尽量减少损坏，并保证其完好、分类堆放。 （6）重点、难点八：室内外同时进行改造，必须进行协调沟通，并做好室内外施工的相关技术交底。 2.重点、难点的解决方案 （1）针对工期目标的措施 1）人员保证措施 ①项目部人员组成：因为考虑到本项目的质量要求、工期及总体工程量较大，公司特安排人员具有多项大型会场高档装饰工程的施工管理经验，以保证项目部整体管理力量。 ②项目经理及施工管理人员均常驻现场，每周不少于6天，每天不少于1小时，并接受业主及监理进行考勤，共同抓好安全文明施工，确保工程质量、材料即时到位，确保本工程按质按期完成施工任务。 ③为保证工期的按时完成，公司将组织精兵强将，迅速熟悉图纸，领会设计意图，即时进场开场施工工作，工期紧张时分二班，24小时施工，同时承诺重大节日，施工现场不间隙、不停工，充分利用时间，保证施工任务的完成。 ④劳动力的管理
a、施工队伍组成及进场计划：本项目安排广东、福建、浙江、南通队伍施工确保施工质量，后备约20～30人的队伍随时参与工程建设，确保工期。 b、充分挖掘劳动资源，合理安排和节约使用劳动力。 c、正确处理国家、集体和劳动者个人的利益关系，充分调动广大职工的积极性。 d、编制劳动力使用计划，合理、节约、控制使用劳动力，改善劳动组织，完善劳动的分工和协作关系，制订劳动力调配管理办法，挖掘劳动潜力。 e、建立健全劳动定额管理制度，确定合理定额水平，监督劳动定额的使用。 f、合理执行工资制度，控制工资限额，搞好工资分配，正确掌握奖惩制度。 g编制劳动计划，确定计划期内劳动力的需要量，随着施工过程的进展合理调整劳动力，保证劳动力的协调和合理使用。 h、提高劳动生产率的措施 i、开展科学研究，促进技术进步。全面开展科学研究工作，促进建筑技术的进步。 j、提高管理水平，科学的组织生产。 k、改善劳动组织，建立相应的劳动组织，形成有利于个人技术的发挥，以及工种之间的分配和协作的机制，建立岗位责任制，以促进劳动生产率的提高。 L、提高职工的科学技术水平和技术熟练程度。加强职工的文化、技术教育，使所有参加生产的职工都能掌握一定的现代化管理知识和有关的新工艺、新技术、新方法。 （2）针对隐蔽工程质保的措施 1）施工中必须按照室内装修防火规范的要求，严格落实工程隐蔽前的“三检”制度，认真作好隐蔽工程记录，每道工序完成后，由班组兼职质检员报请项目质检员检查验收，合格后由项目质检员报请业主检查验收，重点是隐蔽部位的防火处理情况，报验合格后方可进行下一道工序的施工。 2）隐蔽工程主要检查项目包括：吊顶上的固定件、钢结构、龙骨；地面的基层、垫层、卫生间防水等；墙柱面金属固定层架结构、固定件；吊顶、墙面
1.Why Integrity Matters What Is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away with it - Or Not Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.
记叙文阅读（三） ——理解关键句子的含义 理解课文中含义比较深刻，对表达文章情感、思想有较大作用的句子，往往是教学中的重难点，也是平时考试常出现的考查内容。很多学生都对理解句子的题目存在不少困惑。总的来说：一是不懂怎样去理解——面对眼前的句子却不知从何处下手去体会理解它的意思；对句子的理解不全面，以偏概全； 二是不懂怎样去表达——自己心里知道是什么意思，却不知道如何说清楚，写清楚等。 理解句子是读懂文章的基础。一篇课文，并不是所有的句子都要学生一一去理解，那些应该重点理解的句子有难易之分，难懂的句子大致有这样几类： ①内容距离生活实际比较远的； ②结构较为复杂的； ③含义比较深刻，对表达文章情感、思想有较大作用的。 理解句子的几种常用方法 1、抓住句子中的关键性词语 有一家外国报纸轻蔑地说：“能在南口以北修筑铁路的中国工程师还没有出世呢。” “轻蔑”一词，把帝国主义国家瞧不起中国工程人员，对中国人的蔑视和嘲笑的嘴脸淋漓尽致地表现出来。 2、联系上下文来理解 ……桑娜沉默了。 “沉默”是不做声的意思。桑娜与渔夫对话时先后两次“沉默”。第一次是桑娜与渔夫同时沉默。渔夫回家了，渔网撕破了，面对刚刚从死亡线上挣扎回来的丈夫，桑娜不知道该如何告诉丈夫收养孤儿的事，所以选择了沉默；渔夫还沉浸在与海浪搏斗的恐怖中，心里尚存余悸，看到桑娜沉默，也不说话了。第二次是桑娜把西蒙去世的消息告诉丈夫，她在等待丈夫的决定，所以又沉默了。两次沉默，都反映了桑娜善良的心地。 3、联系实际，典型联想来理解 “我们这个地球太可爱了，同时又太容易破碎了！” “可爱”是形容人的外表或者行为的，用“可爱”来形容地球是因为地球无私地养养育着人类，孕育万物；而“破碎”一般形容玻璃、陶瓷之类的易碎品，在这里可理解为因各种原因对地球的伤害。与生活实际联系，这种的表达不仅使句子生动形象，同时又能引起人类的警觉，突出了保护地球的紧迫性。 4、从句子的修辞手法去理解 你知道吗，这只可爱的小鸟，它要到另一个世界去歌唱。 心爱的金丝雀突然死了，对“我”来说，不仅是痛苦，还是恐惧。为了化解“我”心中的悲痛，不让死亡给我留下阴影。苏珊采用了一种美好的说法。到另一个世界去歌唱，多么美好的事情。苏珊的善良，可见一斑。 5、从文章中心思想入手，理解句子的含义。 也就是让学生根据文章的中心思想去揣摩作者写句的目的，想想这句话作者要表达所写人或物什么思想感情，或是要表现所写人、物、景的什么特点，还是要告诉人们什么道理…… 例如《再见了，亲人》一文的中心思想是表现了中国人民志愿军和朝鲜人民比山高比海 深的真挚情谊，赞扬了中朝两国人民用鲜血凝成的伟大友谊。全文围绕这一中心思想来写，此文中的重要句子无一不是体现了这一中心思想，比如，“您为我们付出了这样高的代价，难道还不足以表达您对