中学常用介词用法
一、ABOUT
1.动词+about+sth.。about在此表示“论及，谈起，涉及，着手”等意思：arrange about安排，argue about辩论, ask about询问，bring about带来，chat about闲聊，care about在意，complain about报怨，go about着手，hear about听说, inquire about打听,know about了解，quarrel about 争论，read about读到, see about负责处理，set about开始, speak about谈起, talk about谈论, think about考虑, trouble about担心，tell about讲述，worry about着急。现举例说明其中一些短语的用法：
She inquired about my brother. 她向我打听有关我兄弟的情况。
I must set about my packing. 我必须开始收拾行装。
What are you chatting about? 你们在聊什么呢？
2. be +形容词+about+sth.。about在此意思是“为…，对…”，接表原因的词：be anxious about 为…着急, be bad about对…感到不舒服，be busy about忙于…, be careful about小心…, be certain about对…有把握, be concerned about关心…, be crazy about为…发狂，be excited about 为…感到激动, be happy about为…而高兴, be mad about为…发疯，be nervous about对…感到紧张, be particular about挑剔…, be pleased about为…兴奋，be strict about对…严格，be thoughtful about对…考虑周到的，be uneasy about为…感受到不安。请看例句：
What have you been busy about today? 今天在忙些什么？
You are certainly very thoughtful about others. 你为别人想得太周到了。
I’m strict about such things. 对这些事我是很严格的。
注：come about发生，get about（疾病、谣言）流行，turn about转身，leave about到处乱放，lie about随便堆放，put about打扰;传播，put oneself about使…发愁。这些词组中about作副词，此时about不能接宾语。
二、AFTER
1.动词+ after。介词after有“追赶，问候，效仿”之意：ask after问候, be after寻求, do(sth.)after 学着做，go after设法得到, inquire after问候, look after寻找, run after追求, seek after追逐, take after长得像。例如：
Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend. 他每天下午都打电话问候他的女朋友。The boy takes after his father. 这男孩长得像他父亲。
The dogs went after the wounded deer. 一群狗在追赶那只受伤的鹿。
2.after构成的其它短语。after在不同的短语中意思各异：after a little/moment/while过了一会，after all毕竟,after dark天黑以后，after one’s heart合…的心, after school放学后，after service售后服务，after the fashion勉强，day after day日复一日，one after another一个接一个，year after year年复一年。例如：
Don’t be too strict with him. After all he is still a child. 不要太苛刻了，毕竟他还是个孩子。
He can speak and write English after a fashion. 他多少会说和写一点英语，但不太好。
三、A T
1.动词+ at。at表示“指向某一目标，到达某地”：arrive at抵达, call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向…开火, glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤，knock at敲, laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对…高兴，smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射击, stare at怒目而视, thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖，wonder at吃惊，work at工作。例如：
Don’t let me catch you again at it.不要再让我当场逮住你。
We must “shoot the arrow at the target”. 我们必须有的放矢。
They trembled at the sight of the peasant’s spears. 看到农民的梭标，他们阵阵发抖。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ at。其中at表示“情绪、情感的原因，或对某物具有某种感情”：be angry at恼怒于, be alarmed at对…保持警觉, be astonished at对…吃惊, be bad at不擅长, be clever at对某事很灵巧, be delighted at高兴，be disgusted at厌恶, be disappointed at对…失望，be good at擅长, be impatient at对…不够耐心, be mad at狂热于, be pleased at对…感到高兴, be present at出席, be satisfied at满意, be surprised at吃惊, be shocked at对…非常震惊，be terrified at受到…的恐吓, be quick at对…很机敏。例如：
They were overjoyed at his return to work. 他们对他重返工作感到欣喜。
They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他们对殖民地日益壮大的解放运动警觉起来。
3.at+名词构成的词组：at a distance在一定距离，at a loss不知所措，at a time一次，at all一点也不，at any cost不惜一切代价，at best最好也只是，at first起初，at hand手头，at heart 在内心里，at home在家；无拘束，at last最后，at least至少，at most最多，at once马上，at present目前，at sea不知所措，at times有时，at will任意地，at work起作用，at worst最坏。
4.其它含有at的短语：work hard at勤奋工作，drop in at顺路拜访。
四、FOR
1.动词+for
a)动词+for。for表原因、目的：account for解释；说明, answer for对…负责, apply for申请；请求, apologize for为…而道歉, beg for请求, call for要求, care for在意, enter for报名参加, fight for为…而战, hope for希望, inquire for查询；求见, leave for离开某地到另一地, look for 寻找, long for盼望, mistake for误认为, plan for计划做某事, prepare for为…作准备, provide for为…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for竞选, stand for象征, search for搜寻, send for派人去请, speak for陈述意见、愿望, take for当作, wish for希望, wait for等待。例如：
His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。
The baby reached for the apple but couldn’t reach i. 那婴儿伸手去苹果，但够不着。
He who would search for pearls must dive below. 要想找到珍珠，必须潜到海底。
b)动词+sb.+ for +sth.。for表示原因或目的：ask for要求得到, blame for因…责备, excuse for 宽恕, forgive for谅解, pardon for原谅, pay for花钱买, praise for称赞, punish for对…进行惩罚, push for催逼，reward for酬谢, thank for对…表示谢意。例如：
Please excuse me for my being late. 请原谅我的迟到。
Forgive me for my keeping you waiting. 请见谅，让你久等了。
2. be +形容词+for。for表作用、目的、对人或物有某种情绪等：be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于, be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以…出名, be fit for适合于, be grateful for对…心存感激, be impatient for对…不耐烦, be late for迟到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准备, be sorry for为…而后悔, be responsible for对…负
责, be suitable for适合于, be unfit for不适合, be useful for对…有作用。例如：
He is eager for success. 他渴望成功。
The government is responsible for the nation’s welfare. 政府负责民众的福利。
3.for+名词构成的词组：for all尽管，for a song非常便宜地，for certain确切地，for company 陪着，for ever永远，for example例如，for fear以免，for fair肯定地，for free免费，for fun 为了好玩，for good永远，for instance比方，for luck祝福，for life终身，for long长久，for nothing白白地，for once有生第一次，for oneself替自己，for pleasure为了消遣，for reason 因为…理由，for sale供出售，for shame真不害臊，for short简称，for sport好玩，for sure 确切地。
4.动词+副词/名词+for构成的短语：be in for将遇到，make up for弥补，go in for从事，l o ok out for提防，take sth. for granted把…当作理所当然, have an ear for音感好, have a gift for有某方面的天赋。
五、FROM
1.动词+from
a)动词+ from。from表示“来源、原因、起始”等：come from来自, date from追溯, depart from 违背, die from死于, escape from逃出, fall from自…跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信, learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回，rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。例如：
All the characters in the book are drawn from real life. 书中所有的人物都来自于真实的生活。
Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower. 因疏忽引起的任何损坏都应由借用者负责赔偿。
He has recovered from his surprise. 他好不容易回过神来。
b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place。from表示“来源、免于”等：borrow from向…借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做, prevent from不准做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到, remove from移动；除去, save from保全；拯救, separate from分离开来, stop from阻止。例如：
He was excused from attendance at the lecture. 他获准可不去听课。
Stop the child from spoiling the book. 不要让孩子弄坏了书。
2. be +形容词+ from。此时from含义众多：be absent from缺席, be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避, be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。例如：
The boy can’t walk and is far from running.那男孩不会走路，更不用说跑了。
3.from…to…。本短语表示从一种状态到另一状态的变化或从…到…：from bad to worse每况愈下，from beginning to end自始至终，from cover to cover从头到尾，from China to Peru到处，from day to day一天一天地，from door to door挨家挨户，from end to end从头至尾，from first to last自始至终，from hand to mouth勉强糊口，from head to foot从头到脚，from mouth to mouth广泛流传，from sun to sun从日出到日落，from start to finish从头开始，from top to toe从头到脚，from time to time不时地，from top to bottom彻底地。
六、IN
1.动词+in
a)动词+ in。in在短语中的含义异常丰富：believe in信任, break in碎成，bring in引起；产生；带来, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in 导致, share in共享, succeed in成功, take in卷起；订阅, turn in归还当局。例如：
He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made. 他很缺乏资金，不得不收回所有的款子。
Your failure lies in your laziness. 你失败的原因在于懒惰。
Orders are given to take in sail.已发布收帆的命令。
b)动词+sb./time/money+ in。介词in后接（doing）sth.：help sb. in帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in匀出时间或钱做某事, spend time/money in花时间或钱做某事, waste
time/money in浪费时间或钱做某事。例如：
She offered to help him in the housekeeping when I am not here. 她提出，我不在家时她可以帮助他料理家务。
2. be +形容词+ in。in表示“在某些方面或穿着”：be active in活跃于, be absorbed in专心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于, be concerned in牵涉, be clothed in穿着, be disappointed in对…失望, be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在…有经验, be employed in任职于, be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的专家, be excellent in在…优秀, be interested in对…有兴趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有, be slow in迟缓, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于, be strict in严于, be weak in弱于。例如：
She was completely absorbed in her own affairs. 她完全专注于自己的事务。
More than one person has been concerned in this. 不只一人牵涉到这件事。
3. in +名词。in表示“处于某种状态或在某些方面”等意思：in advance提前,in all总共，in balance总而言之，in bed卧床，in body亲自，in brief简明扼要，in case万一, in charge主管，in danger有危险, in debt负债, in despair失望,in force大量地；有效，in full全部地, in flower 开花,in general一般说来, in itself本身, in love恋爱, in order井然有序, in person亲自, in public 公开地, in progress有进展, in practice从实践上看, in rags穿着破衣, in research探索, in return 作为报答,in ruins一片废墟, in short总之,in theory从理论上看, in trouble有麻烦, in tears眼泪汪汪, in time及时, in turn按顺序, in vain白白地，in view看得见。
注意下列几个词组中的in为副词：check in到达登记，cut in插嘴，count in包括, draw in时间接近, drop in顺路拜访, give in屈服, pour in源源而来。
七、OF
1.动词+of
a)动词+of。of意为“有关，由于”：beg of(sb.)请求某人,complain of抱怨，consist of由…构成, die of死于, dream of梦想, hear of听说, know of了解, speak of谈及, tell of讲到, think of 想起, talk of论及。例如：
Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give. 从来没有人抱怨我们带来这么多麻烦。
Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen. 二氧化碳由碳、氧两种元素组成。
b)动词+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有“剥夺，有关”之意：accuse of控告（谴责，非难）某人, cheat of骗走, deprive of剥夺, inform of汇报, rob of抢走, remind of提醒, warn of警告。例如：
He has cheated me of my poverty. 他骗走了我的财产。
They are deprived of their rights as citizens. 他们的公民权都被剥夺了。
c)动词+sth.+ of +sb.。介词of表动宾关系，后接动作的宾语sb.：request of请求(某人做某事), require of要求得到。例如：
All I request of you is that you should come here early. 我唯一的请求就是希望你早点来。
You have done all the law requires of you. 你做的这一切都是法律对你的要求。
2. be +形容词+ of。of后接表对象或目标的词，这类短语有很多：be aware of觉察, be ashamed of以…为耻, be afraid of担心, be bare of没有, be careful of小心, be clear of还清债务, be certain of确信, be composed of由…构成, be envious of嫉妒, be forgetful of健忘, be fond of喜欢, be free of免于；摆脱, be full of充满, be guilty of认罪, be hopeful of抱有希望, be informed of汇报, be impatient of对…无耐心, be jealous of嫉妒, be made of用…制成, be mindful of留意, be proud of以…为骄傲, be sick of烦于, be short of缺乏, be sure of确信, be tired of困于, be worthy of值得。
3.of+名词构成的词组：of age成年, of choice精选的，of course当然, of late最近，of name 有名的，of oneself自动地，of purpose有意地，of use有用，of values有价值的。
八、ON
1.动词+on
a)动词+ on。介词on表示“凭借，产生某结果，接通”等意思：act on对…有作用, bring on 促使；导致, call on拜访某人, count on依赖, carry on执行, depend on取决, feed on以…为生, figure on料想；推断, go on继续, have on穿着, insist on坚持, keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on 以…为生, pull on迅速穿上, put on穿上, switch on接通（电源）, take to喜欢；养成；轻易学会，turn on接通（电源）, work on操作, wait on侍候。例如：
This kind of medicine acts on the heart. 这种药对心脏有好处。
The fine weather brings on the crops nicely. 好天气促使庄稼长势良好。
We count on you to help. 我们有赖你的帮助。
b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)。on的意思是“以…，对…，在某方面”：base on以…为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯, have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。例如：
Theory should be based on practice. 理论联系实际。
Congratulate on your success in the competition. 恭喜你竞赛获得成功。
2.be+形容词+on的词组：be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻, be impressed on对…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on对…严格。例如：
We can’t just be dependent on our parents. 我们不能只依赖父母。
He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出国。
3.on+名词构成的词组：on表示处于某种状态或在某个方位：on board乘（车,飞机）, on call 听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行，on guard在岗，on hire雇用，on holiday度假，on leave休假，on one’s knees跪下, on one’s way在…的路上,on purpose 故意, on sale待售，on shore在岸上, on time准时, on the move行动, on the other hand另一方面, on the spot当场, on the tip of one’s tongue快要说出口, on top of在…的顶部，on watch 值班。
九、TO
1.动词+to
a)动词+ to。介词to意为“达到，指向”等：adjust to适应, attend to处理；照料, agree to赞同, amount to加起来达…，belong to属于, come to达到, drink to为…干杯，get to到达, happen to发生在某人身上, hold to紧握, lead to通向, listen to听, occur to想起, object to反对, point to 指向, respond to回答, refer to参考；指的是…；涉及, reply to回答, see to负责, stick to坚持, turn to求助, write to给某人写信。例如：
She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必须学会适应英国的生活。
Business has to be attended to. 有事要办。
An idea occurred to me. 我想出一个办法。
b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列动词不能直接带间接宾语sb.，要接间接宾语时须在动词后加介词to：announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某人大叫, suggest to对某人提建议, speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。例如：
She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee. 她跟我向委员会推举了一两个合适的人选。
c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此时介词to可译成“到，于，给”等意思：add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于, introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, join to连接到, leave to委托给, reduce to下降至, sentence to判处, take to带到。例如：
Please add a piece of candy to coffee. 请给咖啡加块糖。
Poets like to compare life to stage. 诗人喜欢把人生比作舞台。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to。to的意思是“对…”：be alive to觉察；晓得, be attentive to注意；留心, be awake to知晓, be blind to缺乏眼光, be close to紧挨着, be common to对某人来说很普
通, be contrary to违反；反对, be devoted to致力, be deaf to不愿意听, be equal to有…的力量, be exposed to暴露；遭受, be fair to对…公平, be familiar to对某人来说熟悉, be grateful to对某人心存感激, be good to对…有好处, be harmful to对…有危害, be important to对…重要, be kind to友好对待, be known to周知于, be married to嫁给, be moved to转移到, be near to靠近, be necessary to对…有必要, be opposite to在对面, be opposed to反对, be pleasant to合某人之意, be proper to专属, be polite to礼貌待人, be rude to粗暴对待, be relative to与…有关, be strange to不习惯, be similar to类似, be suitable to适合, be true to忠实, be thankful to感激, be useful to对…有用, be used to习惯。例如：
Are you alive to what is going on? 你注意到发生什么事了吗？
The old man was not equal to the situation. 那老人不能应付这种情况。
His house is opposite to mine. 他的房子在我的房子对面。
3.to+名词构成的词组有：to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止, to one’s feet跳起来，to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊, to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself独自享用, to order定做, to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地。
十、WITH
1.动词+ with
a)动词+ with。with接对象或目标，意思为“与…，从…”：agree with同意；适应, begin with 从…开始, continue with继续, do with应付, deal with对付, fight with与…作战, fool with愚弄, hurry with忙于, mix with与…混合在一起, meet with偶遇, play with把玩, quarrel with与某人争吵, reason with与某人评理, settle with与人协商。例如：
Let’s begin our class with an English song. 我们以一首英语歌开讲。
I meant to reason with you, but you won’t reason. 我本要与你理论理论，但你不愿意。
b)动词+ sth./sb. + with + sth./sb.。介词with意为“以，用”：compare with与…比较, combine with与…混合, equip with以…装备, feed with用…喂养, furnish with用…装饰, provide with 提供, replace with以…替代, supply with供给。例如：
Education must be combined with productive labour.教育应与生产力相结合。
They replaced slave labour with machines. 他们用机器代替奴工。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ with。介词with表示情绪的原因、凭借等意思：be angry with恼怒, be annoyed with使烦恼, be busy with忙于, be bored with使烦心, be burdened with担负, be crowded with拥挤着, be connected with与…联系, be covered with覆盖着, be concerned with 关心, be content with对…满意, be disappointed with失望于, be delighted with对…感到高兴,
be engaged with忙碌于, be exhausted with由于…而极度疲倦, be filled with充满, be familiar with熟悉, be friendly with对…友好, be occupied with忙碌, be overcome with极为, be popular with受…欢迎, be patient with对…有耐心, be pleased with对…高兴, be satisfied with满意于, be strict with对…严格, be wrong with有毛病, be wild with因…而欣喜。例如：
He was much annoyed with his son’s behavior. 他对儿子的行为相当恼火。
I’m fully occupied with my daily work. 我忙碌于日常事务。
When he caught sight of her, he was overcome with despair. 看到她，他非常失望。
3.动词+副词/介词短语+with构成的词组: catch up with赶上, do away with废除, fall in love with爱上, get together with与…联欢,keep in touch with保持联系，keep up with赶上。
综上所述，常用介词搭配在英语中极其丰富，意义复杂多变。掌握这些搭配，对夯实基础、提高英语阅读水平和理解能力是大有裨益的。
二、英语中的概数
学生在初中阶段学习了many, much, any, some等表示数量多少的概数，在高中阶段又接触了a great deal of, a large number of, scores of, dozens of, hundreds of thousands of等大量的概数。这些概数有明确的分工，有的用来修饰可数名词，有的可以限定不可数名词，有的两者皆可用。另外，还有以容器量化名词，用介词结构表示概数，借比喻或引申描述概数等方法。这里按照英语里概数的功能和构成特点分类阐述：
一．按概数的功能分类
1．限定可数名词的概数: many, a good/great many, many a, (not/quite)a few, few, several, a ( good ) multitude of, a couple of, dozens of, scores of, a score of, hundreds/thousands/millions…of, a ( great/large ) number of, numbers of, a group of, a team of, one out of/in ten, a pack of( 一群)
Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。
A great many guests were invited to dinner.邀请大批客人就餐。
Many a ship has been wrecked on the rocks.不少船只撞在岩石上失事。
My friend speaks several languages.我朋友会讲好几种语言。
There are a couple of vacant rooms behind the office.办公室后有两三间空房。
He planned to buy dozens of reference books.他打算买几本参考书。
I’d escaped death a score of times by a hair’s breadth.我多次死里逃生。
I’ve been there scores of times.我多次到过那里。
I have a number of things that I must see to.我有很多事要处理。
Numbers of people came to the meeting from all over the country.来自全国的许多人士出席了本次会议。
A group of children were playing tag.一群孩子正在拔河
Few words are best.少言最妙。
Three are too many to keep a secret and too few to be merry.人多难守密，人少不成欢。
Not a few readers wrote letters of commendation to the magazine.相当多的读者给杂志社写表扬信。
There are quite a few students absent from class today.今天有不少学生缺课。
In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, by the age of thirty, has no teeth left.英国有些地方十分之一的人年方三十，牙齿就脱光了。
A multitude of people assembled in the stadium.大批观众聚集在运动场。
They’re just a pack of liars.他们不过是一群骗子而已。
2．限定不可数名词的概数: a little, little, much, a bit of, a good/great deal of, a large/great amount of, amounts of
I like the country, but I have little opportunity of seeing it.我喜爱这个国家，但少有机会观光。
A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.缺乏知识是一件危险的事。
The English do not drink much wine.英国人饮酒不多。
Let’s have a bit of music.让咱们来点音乐。
He has given me a great deal of help.他已给我不少帮助。
A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.短期内造成了巨大损失。
He must often memorize large amounts of material.他一定经常记住了不少素材。
3．限定可数或不可数名词的概数: some, any, a lot of, lots of, lots and lots of, plenty of, a great/large/vast/quantity of, quantities of, enough, no end of ( 不少)
Now you can give me some advice.现在你可以给我提点建议。
Ask some boys to help you.请些男孩来帮你。
If there is any trouble, let me know.如果有什么困难要让我知道。
What a lot of time you take to dress!你在穿戴上花的时间过多。
There are lots of things I can do.有许多事我能做。
When I was in London I saw lots and lots of her.我在伦敦常见到她。
She has plenty of imagination.她的想像力挺丰富。
I have plenty of humorous tales.我有不少幽默故事。
He collected a quantity of curious information.他收集了很多稀奇古怪的消息。
We’ve had quantities of rain this summer.今年夏天雨水充足。
Quantities of food were on the table.桌上有很多食物。
I had not enough confidence to go head.我没有太大的信心继续下去了。
We have enough seats for everyone.我们可为大家提供足够的座位。
I’ve warned you no end of times not to touch that machine.我多次警告你不要碰那台机器。
We had no end of fun at the party.我们在宴会上很开心。
二．按概数的构成分类
1．以容器量化的方式表达概数: a bag of, two baskets of, a mouthful of, a plate of, a pot of, a mug of, a pack of ( 一包)，a pail of( 一桶)，a bowl of, a basin of, three cups of
We bought three bags of groceries.我们买了三袋食品。
They ate a basket of plums.他们吃了一篮李子。
If there’s only a mouthful of food left in the bowl, I will give it to you.如果有我一口饭，我都让给你。
On the table was a plate of beef and vegetables.桌上有一盘牛肉和青菜。
Father is a heavy smoker. He smoked a pack of cigarettes a day.爸爸烟瘾大，一天一包烟。Two pots of jam were used in cooking.做饭用了两瓶果酱。
I have a mug of milk and some bread for my breakfast.我喝一大杯牛奶吃一点面包作为早餐。
2．用介词结构表达概数: in large quantities, in great numbers, in large amounts, , in pairs, in groups, in pieces, in dozens, in scores, in one’s thousands, in one’s thirties, in bulk, in multitude, in plenty, in the 1990’s, in quantity, in pack, by ones and twos, by twos and threes , over..., around…, about…, below…, more than…, without numbers
Pack them in dozens.论打包装。
He is a young man in his thirties.他是一位30多岁的年轻人。
People came in scores.大家结队而来。
Activities are coming forward in great numbers.活动积极分子纷纷涌向前来。
They wandered off in pairs and chatted about their own affairs.他们成双成对结伴而行，聊着家常小事。
Things are usually cheaper if they are bought in bulk.批量采购会便宜一些。
Resources in plenty can be found in this territory.本地能找到丰富的资源。
The farms have water in plenty to last through the dry season.农场水源充足，可供旱季使用。Heroic fighters emerged in multitude.英勇的战士大量涌现。
It is often less expensive to buy goods in quantity.批量购物要便宜不少。
Some people are standing about in small groups under the tree.人们站在树下，三五成群。People began to leave the meeting by ones and twos.大家三三两两地离开会场。
Wolves hunt in packs.狼成群捕食。
3．借比喻或引申表达概数: a mountain of, an ocean of, oceans of, bags of( 很多), a dose of （大量），a stream of, a suggestion of ( 一点点), a suspicion of（少许）
He has a mountain of dirty clothes to wash.他有一大堆脏衣服要洗。
A mountain of letters arrived just after the report. 报告之后信件纷至沓来。
Oceans of time and money were/ An ocean of time and money was spent on the project.大量时间和大批资金都投入到这项工程。
No need to be hurried. We have bags of time.不必着急，我们有充足的时间。
There were bags of opportunities, but they lost them all.机会众多，但他们都错过了。
In the accident, the workers received a heavy dose of radiation. 工人在事故中受到严重幅射。
Streams of cars were passing by.一串串汽车急驰而过。
There was a suggestion of boredom in his tone.在他声音里有一丝疲乏。
She added a suspicion of garlic to the stew.他在燉肉里加了一点蒜。
There was a suspicion of tears in her eyes.他的眼中有一丝泪痕。
三．谈谈介词的否定意义
介词在英语中属于“小词”，事实上介词在英语中发挥的效力可不小。介词在英语中起着＂螺丝钉”的作用，它随处可见，且功能强大。其功能之一就是，它可以和介词宾语一起构成许多否定意义的成语或词组。介词否定表达简捷明意义深刻，其译文多采用译。
1.Above
The text is above me.（无法理解）
She thinks she is above criticism. (不容批评)
The child is above all nervousness. (一点也不紧张)
His conduct has always been above suspicion. (无可怀疑)
I think a gentleman like him is above doing such a thing. (不屑于)
Don’t depend on me. It’s above my bend. (力不所及)
He is above the weather now. (无病的)
2.Against
Almost everything was against him. (不利于)
He’s always doing his best, against all odds. (不计成败)
3.At
The point is to win at any cost. (不惜一切代价)
At any rate, we’ve done something for you now. (不管怎样)
On the spot he was completely at sea. (不知所措)
4.Behind
The train is running behind time. (不准时)
Your ideas are all behind the times. (跟不上时代)
5.Between
The secret is between ourselves. (不得外传)
6.Before
Before long he realized that he was wrong. (不久)
I slipped out before the lecture began. (不等)
The guerrillas (游击队员) would fight to death before they surrendered. (决不) 7.Beneath
Lying is beneath him. (不合身分)
Such a fellow as that is beneath my notice. (不值一理)
8.Beside
What you said is quite beside the point. (不关正题)
9.Beyond
The news is beyond belief. (难以置信)
The stars are beyond number. (数不清)
The scene was beyond description. (无法形容)
Good advice is beyond price. (无价)
The facts are beyond dispute. (毋庸置疑)
My happiness was beyond words. (难以言表)
Doing such a thing is quite beyond my power. (无能为力)
与beyond 构成的短语还有：beyond all doubt毫无疑问；beyond all praise赞美不完；beyond comparison无与伦比；beyond control无法控制；beyond count不计其数；beyond example没有先例；beyond expression无法表达；beyond hope无望；beyond question无可争辩。
10.But
He was anything but pleased when he heard this. (才不)
11.By
What he said took me completely by surprise. (无思想准备)
12.For
For all I care, you can throw it away. (我才不在乎哩)
But for your help I would not have finished the job. (要不是)
He passed the test for a certainty. (无疑)
13.From
The child can’t walk, far from running. (更不用谈)
So far from taking my advice, he went and did just what I warned him against. (不仅没有)
She kept herself from laughing. (使之不)
I knew he did it from his teeth. (毫无诚意)
１4.In
I don’t know what John intends to do; I’m in the dark about his plans. (不知道)
The people lifted the big stone in a breeze. (毫不费力)
Nothing can stop us .We all decide to start our journey in all weathers. (风雨无阻）
类似的短语还有in the clear不受妨碍; in the cloud心不在焉；in the egg未成熟；in the log未经加工；in the rough未完成。
15.In spite of
At the sight he laughed in spite of himself. (不由自主地)
The girl still wanted to marry the poor young man in spite of her parents’teeth. (不顾父母的反对)
16.Off
Keep off the grass. (不靠近)
I’m right off love stories for some reason. (不感兴趣)
He is off smoking now. (不再)
She was off duty yesterday. (不值班)
相似的词组还有off chance不会有机会；off color精神不好；off guard不警惕；off hand无准备；off one’s feet不能控制自己；off sb’s hand不再由某人负责；off one’s mind不再挂念; off time不合时宜；off work没上工；off time不合时宜。
１7.On
I’m sorry. You’re down on your luck. (运气不佳)
I knew you were on the cross about it. (不老实)
18.Out of
Out of sight, out of mind. (眼不见，心不烦)
It is quite out of fashion. (不时髦)
The book is out of print. (不再印发)
The man is quite out of humor. (不幽默)
Rest was now out of the question. (不可能)
还有相同的搭配:out of all reason无理；out of condition健康状况不好；out of control失控；out of count不计其数；out of date不合时日；out of line不成直线；out of luck运气不好；out of place不合时；out of question毫无疑问；out of time不合时宜。
9.Past
The old man is past work. (无力工作)
Those trousers are past mending. (无法修补)
The situation is past hope. (没有希望)
His poetry is past comprehension. (难以理解)
It’s past question. (毫无疑问)
20.To
To a man John’s friends stood by him in his trouble. (毫不例外)
He carried out his orders to the letter. (不折不扣)
The old man had a good memory. He remembered the past things to a hair. (细毫不差)
To a miracle he recited these poems in a breath. (不可思议)
21.Under
I know very well you’re under thirty. (不满)
This packet of butter is under weight. (分量不足)
The boy can’t go to school because he is under age. (年龄不够)
22.With
I’m through with him. (不再来往)
He was through with the job, and he wanted to find something interesting. (不想干)
The whole project was completed with a wet finger. (毫不费力)
23.Without
It was all done without necessary permit. (未经)
You can’t do without mone
He often goes to school without his breakfast. (不吃)
I have helped him times without number. (无数)
without后还可引导这样一些短语：without a doubt无疑；without a moment’s thought不加考虑；without day无期限；without end 无穷；without example 没有先例。
初中英语介词用法总结 介词(preposition)：也叫前置词。在英语里，它的搭配能力最强。但不能单独做句子成分需要和名词或代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语及从句）构成介词短语，才能在句中充当成分。 介词是一种虚词，不能独立充当句子成分，需与动词、形容词和名词搭配，才能在句子中充当成分。介词是用于名词或代词之前，表示词与词之间关系的词类，介词常与动词、形容词和名词搭配表示不同意义。介词短语中介词后接名词、代词或可以替代名词的词（如：动名词v-ing）.介词后的代词永远为宾格形式。介词的种类： （1）简单介词：about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。 （2）合成介词：inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within （3）短语介词：according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to （4）分词介词：considering, reguarding, including, concerning 介词短语：构成 介词+名词We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 介词+代词Could you look for it instead of me? 介词+动名词He insisted on staying home. 介词+连接代/副词I was thinking of how we could get there. 介词+不定式/从句He gives us some advice on how to finish it. 介词的用法： 一、介词to的常见用法 1.动词+to a)动词+ to adjust to适应, attend to处理；照料, agree to赞同,
精品文档 精品文档介词 1、介词是由动词虚化而来的词类，它在句中的作用仍带有动词性质的痕迹。它能带宾语，但不能单独进入句子结构，更不能充当谓语。大约有“于（於、乎）、以、因、由、为、自、从、与、及”等十几个。 2、介词的语法特点： （1）介词带宾语，有时宾语前置。 （2）古代汉语中介词的宾语大多可以省略。（“于”字的宾语不能） （3）在语法功能上，古代汉语由“因、为、与、从”等组成的介词结构一般作状语，但“于”字介宾结构表时间处所意义的还可做补语。“以”字结构表工具方式的既可做状语，又可作补语。 3、于（於、乎）：用法有四种： （1）引进动作行为的时间、处所或动作行为所涉及的范围，组成介宾结构，作句子的补语或状语。译为“在、从、到”或“在……中”“在……方面”等。 （2）引进动作行为涉及的对象，组成介宾结构，作补语或状语，可译为“向、跟、给、对、对于”等。 （3）引进比较的对象，组成介宾结构在形容词和表心理活动的动词后面作补语，译作“比”。 （4）引进动作行为的主动者，组成介宾结构作动词的补语，译作“被”。 此外： （1）介词“于”和代词“是”结合，构成介宾关系的凝固词组，在句中作状语，意思是“从此”“在这里”“在这个时候”或“在这种情况下”。后来虚化为连词，一般用在句子的开头表承接。 （2）“乎”：用作介词，其作用与“于”或“於”基本相同，可以引进动作行为的处所、时间、对象等，译为在、比、到、向等。乎的使用频率较低，“乎”字结构一般只作补语，一般也不引进主动者。 4、“以”：原是动词，义同“用”，由此虚化为介词。主要用法大致有以下几种： （1）引进动作行为的工具、手段，可译为“用”“拿”。 （2）引进动作行为连带的人，这是一种行为方式。我们以“率领”来翻译它。如“宫之奇以其族行”（宫之奇率领他的族人离开了虞国。）这也许是动词的残存用法，但是已经虚化，与介词“以”难以分开。 （3）引进动作行为的条件、依据、标准等，“以”字结构通常作状语，可译为“凭着、依靠、按照”等。 （4）引进动作行为所处置或涉及的对象。可译为“把”，或不译。 （5）引进情况出现和动作行为发生的原因、理由。可译为“把”。 （6）引进动作行为发生的时间或范围，相当于“于”，可译为“在”。 此外， （1）“有以”、“无以”是动词“有、无”和介词“以”组成的凝固结构，相当于“有东
初一介词讲解及练习 介词： 介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分 介词短语能够充当句子成分 介词短语= 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当） 根据词形，介词分为三类：1简单介词：in, on, from, at, for 合成介词：upon, into, onto, inside, without 成语介词：由两个以上单词合成。in front of, in the middle of, on top of 一、常用固定搭配的介词短语形式 1.动词+ 介词look like; look at; talk to; think of 2.be + 形容词+ 介词be surprised at; be afraid of 3.be + 名词+ 介词be mad at sb; the key to; the way to 4.介词+ 名词at work; at home; at school; at last; on the farm 5.介词+ 名词+ 介词in front of; at the age of; at the end of 6.介词+ 动名词短语after leaving school; after finishing it 7.介词+ 代词for her; from each other; after him 8.其他词+ 介词instead of; because of; according to 举例：1. She looks like her mother. 2. Your coat looks very nice. What’s it made of?
介词 一．概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分, 介词短语= 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当） 二、常用 1、in 在......之内 1) 表示地点，表示大地点。She’s in China with her mom and dad. 2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内The weather is cold in winter. 3) 表示颜色和语言也用介词in。 Do you know the girl in red? I can write this article in English. 2、from 从......中来 1) come from I come from China and I’m Chinese. 2) download from I download music from the Internet. 3) be different from Lily’s habits are different from Linda’s. 3. with 和，用，与 1) with sb 和......人在一起I’m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 2）with sth. 表示用某种工具I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 4. at 在...... 1) 表地点，主小地点。My father is a teacher at Beijing International School. 2) 表时间，主指时间的一个点。I get up at half past seven in the morning. 3) be good at 擅长于...... I am good at reading and writing. 5. behind 在......后面The classrooms are behind the offices. 6. next to 紧挨着The library is next to the classrooms. 7. in front of 在......前面They are in front of Tony and Daming. 8. for 为了......，因为。。。。Thank you for your email. 9. on 在......上，在......时 1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday? 2）表示地点on the farm on the playground 10. to 自，向 1）talk to 与......谈论We have a break and I talk to my friends. 2) go to 去He likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3）welcome to 欢迎到...... Welcome to Beijing Zoo. 4）listen to 听They always listen to music. 5）connect......to .和...连接一起Please connect the monitor to the computer first.
七年级英语上册语法点6——介词 1.in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在” 1)at + 具体时刻 2)on + 具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时） 3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分 但注意：at night= in the night at noon at this / that time at Christmas eg. 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning 3. ___ a rainy evening 4. ___3:50 5.__ 2002 6.___ the morning of April 10 7.___ spring 8.___ night 9.___ this time 10. ___ March 另外注意：在时间词（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday…）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。 eg. I will go(A) to the cinema(B) in(C) this evening. 2. in , on , at 表地点： at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如： eg. 1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday. 2)They arrived ___a small village before dark. 3)There is a big hole ____ the wall. 4)The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall. 3.in , on , to表方位 in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系 eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 3)Japan is to the east of China. cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go across 4. across: （表面）跨过
介词英文缩写是prep. 是英文preposition 的缩写 1. 表示地点位置的介词 1) at ,in, on, to ，for at (1)表示在小地方；⑵表示“在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方；(2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻，接壤，“在..... 上面”。 to表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……” 2) above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below 相对； over 指垂直的上方,与under 相对,但over 与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3) below, under 在……下面 under 表示在…正下方 below 表示在 .... 下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4) in front [frant]of, in the front of 在……前面
in front of…意思是“在.. 前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind (在……的后面)。 There are some flowers in front of the house.（房子前面有些花卉。） in the front of意思是"在…..的前部"，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at t he back of ???（在 ..... 范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.（老师在教室里）5）beside ，behind beside 表示在……旁边 behind 表示在……后面 2. 表示时间的介词 1）in , on ，at 在……时 in 表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in Januar y, in the morning, in one ' s life , in one ' s thirties 等。 on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year 's Day, on a col d night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon 等。 at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。
1.表示时间：在······时刻在······点钟在······岁（时）。 例子： At seven o’clock 在7点钟At down在黎明At noon 在中午At midnight 在半夜 2.表示地点：在······地方，常用于小地方 3.表示位置：在······的旁边 例子：He is sitting at the table and reading today’s newspaper. 他正坐在桌边看今天的报纸 4.表示方向： 例子：He aimed at the little dog . 他瞄准了一只小狗。 5.表示状态：例句：at war （正在打仗） 6.表示引起某种情绪的原因： at his/her failure 他/她的失败（引起了某人的某种情绪变化） 7.表示速度、价格等。 At 2 Y uan （价位）两元 （二）In .1.表示时间（年、月、季节、早晨、下午、晚间等）除morning、afternoon、evening外，一般不加the。 2.表示场所、地点。 3.表示“穿着、戴着（衣服帽子等）” 4.表示“用······语言”比如：in English （三）On 1.表示时间“在（某一天，某天早上，某天前夕等）” 2.表示位置“在······上”（与物体接触） 3.表示“关于”（表示关系） 4.引申意义，表示“从事于······”“处于······情况中” On duty值日on holiday 在度假 （四）During 1.表示“在某种段时间里”例句：during the afternoon在下午。 2.表示“在······期间”例句：during my illness 在我生病期间。 （五）For 1.表示一段时间。 2.表示目的。 3.表示目标、去向：去到（某地），开往（某地） （六）About 1.表示“在······的周围”“在······的附近” 2.表示“关于”“对于” 3.表示“大约” （七）After 1.表示时间“在······之后” 2.表示方式“仿照”“依照”（do something）after somebody（做某事）仿照、依照某人（八）Before 1.表示时间“在······之前” 2.表示地点“在······前面”
七年级英语几个常用介词用法归纳 一.几个常用介词用法归纳 （一）in的用法： 1. 表示地点、位置，意思为“在……之中，在……里面”，例如： （1）They often spend holidays in the country. 他们经常在乡下渡假。 （2）The children are playing in the yard. 孩子们在院子里玩耍。 2. 表示时间的范围，意为“在……时候”，如： （3）He gets up at six in the morning. 他早晨6点起床。 （4）The Second World War ended in 1945. 第二次世界大战在1945年结束。 3. 表示时间的经过，意思为“在……之后”，如： （5）Can you finish your work in a day? 你能用一天完成这项工作吗？ （6）I’ll call back in ten minutes. 我10分钟后再回电。 4. 表示状况、环境意为“在……状态中，处在……之中” （7）They live in peace. 他们过着平静的生活。 （8）I am in good shape. 我身体状况良好。 5. 穿着，戴着 （9）I met a man in glasses there. 我在那遇到一个戴眼镜的人。 （10）That girls is in a red dress today. 那个女孩今天穿着一件红裙子。 （二）on的用法： 1. 表示位置，意为“在……之上，在……的表面”，例如： （1）There is a pen on the table. 桌子上有一支笔。 （2）Put it on the shelf. 把它放在书架上。 2. 表示穿戴，附着于 （3）She has a hat on her head. 她头上戴着帽子。 （4）Who will put a bell on the cat? 谁能把铃系在猫身上？ 4. 表示时间，主要指特定的某一天（day ） （7）They arrived is Beijing on October 14th. 他们于10月14日到达北京。 （8）I sent my mother some beautiful flowers on her birthday. 在我母亲生日时，我送了她一些漂亮的花。 5. 表示状态，意为“在进行中，于……状态” （9）That house is on fire. 那座房子着火了。 （10）She is now on holiday. 她正在休假。 （三）at的用法： 1. 表示场所，原则at使用在小地方arrive at （1）Let meet at the station. 让我们在火车站见面。 （2）He stood at the end of the line. 他站在一排的最后。 2. 表示具体时间和在……岁时 （3）School begins at 8:00 a. m. 学校上午8：00开始上课。 （4）He came to Beijing at the age of eighteen. 他18岁来北京。 3. 表示目标、方向 （5）They laughed at him. 他们嘲笑他。 （6）He shot at the bird. 他瞄准那只鸟射击。 4. 表示在从事……中 （7）He was still at work in the office. 他仍然在办公室工作。 （8）Children are at play. 孩子们正在玩。 5. 表示状态，在……状态中
一、选择题 1．We usually have our school trip _______ a morning of April. A．on B．at C．to D．in 2．—What do you use the shelf ______? —I use it ______ books. A．to; to keep B．to; keep C．for; to keep D．for; keep 3．—What do you think your life will________next year? —My life will be________better than it is now. A．be like; very B．be like; a lot C．be; a lot 4．The Beijing Daxing InternationalAirport opened________ September 25th, 2019. A．to B．at C．in D．on 5．The bird’s singing came into my room ______ the window and wo ke me up in the early morning. A．down B．from C．through D．across 6．Our school plans to have a parents’ meeting_______ the afternoon_______ January 27th. A．in; of B．on; in C．on; of D．in; at 7．Although he was ____________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. A．against B．on C．for D．in 8．Lily often goes to visit her grandma ______ Sundays. A．at B．in C．on D．to 9．She is talented ________ music but I am good at sports. A．at B．in C．on 10．My uncle has taught in this school________ he was twenty years old. A．after B．for C．until D．since 11．It’s necessary for Tony to do ____ thing ____ his classmates do. A．same, as B．same, like C．the same, to D．the same, as 12．It is reported that he won an award________Best Actor________his role in that film. A．as; in B．as; for C．for;for D．for; in 13．－What are they talking ________? －I am not sure. Because they are talking ______English, I don't know English . A．to; with B．to; in C．with; about D．about; in 14．Can you jiaozi English? A．say;with B．speak;in C．say;in D．tell;about 15．Shanghai is ________ the east of China and _________ the west of Japan. A．in; to B．in; in C．to; to D．to; in
七年级英语几个常用介词用法归纳 .几个常用介词用法归纳 一)in 的用法： 1. 表示地点、位置，意思为“在……之中，在……里面”，例如： (1 )They often spend holidays in the country. 他们经常在乡下渡假。 (2)The children are playing in the yard. 孩子们在院子里玩耍。 2. 表示时间的范围，意为“在……时候”，如： (3)He gets up at six in the morning. 他早晨 6 点起床。 (4)The Second World War ended in 1 945 .第二次世界大战在 1 945年结束。 3. 表示时间的经过，意思为“在... 之后”，如： (5)Can you finish your work in a day? 你能用一天完成这项工作吗？ (6)I ' II call back in ten minutes我10 分钟后再回电。 4. 表示状况、环境意为“在... 状态中，处在... 之中” (7)They live in peace. 他们过着平静的生活。 ( 8) I am in good shape. 我身体 状况良好。 5. 穿着，戴着 (9)I met a man in glasses there我在那遇到一个戴眼镜的人。 (10)That girls is in a red dress today.那个女孩今天穿着一件红裙子。 二)on 的用法： 1. 表示位置，意为“在……之上，在……的表面”，例如： (1)There is a pen on the table.桌子上有一支笔。 ( 2)Put it on the shelf. 把它放在书架上。 2. 表示穿戴，附着于 (3) She has a hat on her head她头上戴着帽子。 ( 4)Who will put a bell on the cat? 谁能把铃系在猫身上？ 4. 表示时间，主要指特定的某一天( day ) ( 7)They arrived is Beijing on October 14th. 他们于10 月14 日到达北京。 ( 8)I sent my mother some beautiful flowers on her birthday. 在我母亲生日时，我送了她一些漂亮的花。 5. 表示状态，意为“在进行中，于……状态” ( 9)That house is on fire. 那座房子着火了。 ( 10)She is now on holiday. 她正在休假。 三)at 的用法： 1. 表示场所，原则at 使用在小地方arrive at ( 1 )Let meet at the station. 让我们在火车站见面。 (2)He stood at the end of the line. 他站在一排的最后。 2. 表示具体时间和在……岁时 (3)School begins at 8:00 a. m.学校上午8：00开始上课。 (4)He came to Beijing at the age of eighteen.他18 岁来北京。 3. 表示目标、方向 ( 5)They laughed at him. 他们嘲笑他。 ( 6)He shot at the bird. 他瞄准那只鸟射击。 4. 表示在从事……中 ( 7)He was still at work in the office. 他仍然在办公室工作。 ( 8)Children are at play. 孩子们正在玩。 5. 表示状态，在……状态中 (9)He is at rest in the bed.他正在床上休息。
1.表示地点位置的介词 1)at ,in, on, to，for at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在……上面”。 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……” 2)above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对； over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3)below, under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4)in front [frant]of, in the front of在……前面 in front of…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。 There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of 意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) 5）beside，behind beside 表示在……旁边 behind 表示在……后面 编辑本段2.表示时间的介词 1)in , on，at 在……时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。
初中英语介词讲解 1．介词的含义， 介词（虚词），不能在句子中独立充当成分。它总是用于名词、代词、或相当于名词的其它词类或短语活从句前。 中考需要掌握的11个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before 表示时间的介词 A．典型例题： 1.in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847（年份） 2.in October / in February / in March （月份） 3.in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter （季节） 4.in a week / in a year 在1周/ 年中 5.in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午/ 下午/ 晚上 in those days 在当时/ in no time 立刻/ in the daytime 在白天/ in the future 在将来/ in one minute 在1分钟内/ 最后in the end 表示较长时间（长于一天或短于一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in”。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B．典型例题：
1.at ten o’clock / at seven thirty. （表示某一钟点） 2.at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、半夜――一天中 相对短暂的时间） 3.at the age of twenty / at the age of thirty-five （表示某一年龄） 4.at that time 在那时/ at the moment 这时、那时、此刻/ at first 首 先/ at last 最后＝in the end / at once 立刻、马上/ at / on (the) weekends 在周末/ 在一年中的这个时候at this time of year / 在……开始/结束时at the beginning /end of 表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C．典型例题： 1.on Monday / on Tuesday / on W ednesday / on Friday 2.on January 1 / on April 18 / on May 31 3.on January 1, 1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,1977 4.on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on W ednesday evening 5.on a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoon 6.on the morning of May fifth 7.on my birthday / on that day / on New Y ear’s Day / on the first two
英语中方位介词用法 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。 at ,in, on, to at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤 及时练 1.He arrived _____ the station at ten. 2.He is sitting ______ the desk. 3.He arrived _____ Shanghai yesterday. 4.Jiangsu lies ________ the east of China. 5.Russia live ______ the north of China. 6.Fujian is ________ the south of Jiangsu Province. 2)above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对; over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 1.The bird is flying above my head. 2.There is a bridge over the river. 3.He put his watch on the desk.
3)below, under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 方位介词 1. at表示"在......处"，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。 如： He isn't at school. He is at home. 他不在学校，他在家。 2. in表示"在......内部;在......里面"的意思。如： What is in the box? 盒子里有什么? 3. on表示"在某物的上面"，但两者互相接触。 如：My books are on that table. 我的书在那张桌子上。 on the wall 在墙上 4. under表示"在某物垂直的正下方"，两者之间不接触。 如：My cat is under my chair. 我的猫在我的椅子下。 5. behind表示"在某物体的后面"。如：The broom is behind the door. 笤帚在门后。 6. in front of表示"在......的前面"，正好与behind相反。 如： There are some big trees in front of our classroom. 我们教室前面有几棵大树。 7. near表示"在某物体的附近"，意为"接近、靠近"。 如： The ball is near the door. 球在门旁边。
七年级上英语介词训练 in,on,under,at,of,about,for,from,to,with,after,before 1.We begin classes _______ about 8：00． 2. We all like working ______ China. 3. Her mother usually gets up _____ six thirty. 4. The store has shirts________ a great price. 5.Look _______ the picture. 6.Please call Jim______ 9876543. 7. The student often showers ________ dinner. 8.The girl likes running _____class. 9._______ that, the old man begins to run. 10.He likes to play soccer ______ school. 11. The kid usually does his homework ________ going ________ bed. 12.Thanks ________ your letter． 13. ______ kids, the movie is too scary. 14. We have vegetables and fruit _____ lunch. 15.They sell the sweaters ____ $40 each. 16. She plays the piano ________ an hour every day. 17.The kid buys a cake _____ his uncle. 18.Can you tell me ________ your day? 19.Don’t you think we can learn much ____ Chinese history ____ the documentaries? 20.We are ________ school ________ Monday ________ Friday. 21.Fill ________the blanks ________ the words ________ the box. 22.Can you help me ________ my math? 23.Her cousin likes to play ________ his dog best. 24.Their daughter often goes to see Beijing Opera ________ her grandpa. 25.The old woman usually watches comedies ________ TV. 26.Our school has an Art Festival ________ December 31st every year . 27.We don’t have any classes ________ weekends. 28.Do you get up early ________ Wednesday？ 29.Tom’s computer game’s ________ the floor. 30.Are your clothes ________ the dresser? 31.A birthday cake’s ________ the table. 32.Some socks are ________ sale. 33. What’s ________ your backpack? 34.What do you like doing ________ the evening？ 35.Can you say it ________ French? 36.The American _______ white is his friend. 37.You can be ________ our club if you can play the piano,the trumpet,the guitar or the drums. 38.Our history teacher isn’t ________ the classroom. 39.They like to work ________ China. 40. What can you see ________the picture?. 41.The speech contest is _____ January.