大学英语A
一. 阅读理解（共20题,共40分）
1.
Despite the fact that today viruses (病毒) are known to cause cancer in animals and in certain plants, there exists a great reluctance to accept viruses as being of importance in human cancer. Basic biological phenomena generally do not differ strikingly as one goes from one species to another. It should be recognized that cancer is a biological problem and not a problem that is unique to man. Cancer originates when a normal cell suddenly becomes a cancer cell which multiplies widely and without apparent restraint. Cancer may originate in many different kinds of cell, but the cancer cell usually continues to carry certain traits (特性) of the cell of origin. The transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell may have more than one kind of cause, but there is good reason to consider the relationships that exist between viruses and cancer.
Since there is no evidence that human cancer, as generally experienced, is infectious, many persons believe that because viruses are infectious agents they cannot possibly be of importance
in human cancer. However, viruses can mutate (突变) and examples are known in which a virus that never kills its host can mutate to form a new strain of virus that always kills its host. It does not seem unreasonable to assume that a harmless latent virus might mutate to form a strain that causes cancer. Certainly the experimental evidence now available is consistent with the idea that viruses as we know them today could be the causative (引起…的) agents of most, if not all cancer, including cancer in man.
（10分）（答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) According to the passage, cancer cells are ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.similar to the cell of origin
B.mutations of viruses
C.unable to reproduce
D.among the smallest cell known
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标准答案：A
(2) The best title for this passage is ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.New Light on the Causes of Cancer
B.The Newest Theory on the Nature of Viruses
C.Viruses and cancer
D.On the Nature of Life
★检查答案
标准答案：C
(3) Cancer should be considered to be a biological problem rather than a medical one because ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.viruses are known to cause cancer in animals
B.at present, human cancer is not believed to be infectious
C.there are many known causes for the transformation of a normal cell to a cancer cell
D.results of experiments on plants and animals do not vary greatly from species to species
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(4) Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.they are harmless agencies
B.they are the causative agents of most human cancer
C.they seem to be infectious to many people
D.they are generally thought to be relevant to most cancer in man
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标准答案：C
(5) The possibility that a virus causes human cancer is indicated by ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.the fact that viruses have been known to mutate
B.the fact that a cancer-immune (免疫的) individual may lose his immunity
C.the fact that production of human cancer cells might be due to a genetic factor
D.the fact that man is host to many viruses
★检查答案
标准答案：A
2.
We all know that it is possible for ordinary people to make their homes on the equator, although often they may feel uncomfortably hot there. Millions do it, but as for the North Pole --- we know that it is not only a dangerously cold place, but that people like you and me would
find it quite impossible to live there. At the present time only the scientists and explorers can do so, and they use special equipment. Men have been traveling across and around the equator on wheels, on their feet or in ships for thousands of years; but only a few men, with great difficulty and in very recent time, have ever crossed the ice to the North Pole. So it may surprise you to learn that, when traveling by air, it is really safer to fly over the North Pole than over the equator. Of course, this is not true about landings in the polar region (which passenger aeroplanes do not make), but the weather, if we are flying at a height of 5,000 meters above the Pole, is a delight. At 4,000 meters and more above the earth you can always be sure that you will not see a cloud in the sky as far as the eye can reach. In the tropics, on the other hand, you are not certain to keep clear of bad weather, even at such heights as 18,000 or 20,000 meters.
Aeroplanes can’t climb as high or as quickly in cold air as in warm. Nor can clouds. In practice, this is an advantage to the aeroplane, which is already at a good height when it reaches the polar region and so does not need to climb, while at the same time cold air keeps the clouds down low.
（10分）（答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) The polar region is ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.a good place to land at by aeroplane
B.a good place to fly over
C.a good place to live in
D.a good place to cross
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标准答案：B
(2) It is a delight to fly at the Pole because there ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.planes fly higher than at the equator
B.the eyes can reach about 4,000 meters
C.planes fly more quickly than at the equator
D.planes are clear of bad weather
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(3) Aeroplanes usually do not need to climb quickly or fly high in the polar region because ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.they do not land there
B.there are no clouds at all
C.they can cross the ice with special equipment
D.it is very cold
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(4) In the sentence “Millions do it”, “do it” refers to ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.feeling uncomfortably hot on the equator
B.flying over the North Pole
C.flying over the equator
D.making homes on the equator
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(5) Aeroplanes can climb quickly ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.in warm air
B.in cold air
C.when it reaches the polar region
D.only when the clouds are down low
★检查答案
标准答案：A
3.
Our environment is getting worse and worse with the increase of the world population，which affects the environment in two ways. Firstly, the limited energy resources will be used up much faster. Secondly, the increasing population creates more pollution，another severe problem that needs to be solved. Both problems are long-term ones because actions taken now show their results slowly over many years. They are also urgent because delays in action can lead to great suffering and social problems. The question seems to be difficult to handle for most people. However, a person can be a protector of environment in everyday life if he takes actions to save the environment right now. With the development of
technology, cars make transportation easier and quicker than before, but we can’t ignore the disadvantages brought to us by more and more cars in use. For example, we are consuming gasoline (汽油), which is a
non-renewable (无法更新的) resource, and will soon be gone. Moreover, the exhausted gas from cars pollutes our air, and our health is therefore threatened by air pollution, which has a big potential effect on our daily life.
So we can consider walking, taking buses, carpooling (合用汽车), instead of driving cars alone. This seems to be a very slow process that can’t be so effective if it’s taken by a single person. But when more and more people become aware of the importance and positively take it as their personal responsibilities. The condition of the air will be improved to a great extent.（10
分）（答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is most probably to ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7713950435.html,plain about people's slow actions to protect the environment
B.advise people to take actions to protect the environment
C.show himself to be an active environment protector
D.point out the bad effects of technologies in protecting environment
★检查答案
标准答案：B
(2) From the passage, we can know that ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.effective measures can be taken mainly by the government
B.taking measures now can soon improve the environment
C.immediate measures can cause great suffering and social problems
D.every single person’s action has some effect on environment protection
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(3) According to the writer, the main problem to our environment today is ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.the increase of population
B.the limited energy resources
C.the more serious air pollution
D.the development of technology
★检查答案
标准答案：A
(4) The passage is mainly about ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.energy resources saving
B.environment protection
C.population control
D.air pollution
★检查答案
标准答案：B
(5) The author believes that carpooling ____. （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.can give help to those without cars
B.can save people money and time
C.can save energy resources and reduce air pollution
D.can promote friendship among drivers
★检查答案
标准答案：C
4.
The elephant is the biggest four-legged animal in the world. It is also, perhaps, the gentlest; but not always!
Elephants are like us in some ways. They live for a long time ---fifty or sixty years. They can remember things very well. They never forget great sadness or great happiness. When a female elephants dies, her daughters and grandmothers are sad for many months. They stay with the dead body. Then they carry a bit of it away with them. They never forget a dead friend.
Elephants are like us, but they are also different. They live in families, families of females. There will be a few young males --- a few “baby boys”. But the females will soon send them away. An elephant family keeps only its daughters, mothers, grandmothers and its
great-grandmothers. The females stay together for fifty, sixty … a hundred years. The older animals look after the younger ones. The mothers teach their daughters and set a good example.
And what happens to male elephants? Well, the young males stay with their mothers for a time. Then they must leave family. The females just send them away. A bull (雄的) elephant does not often have a friend. He
lives apart away from the family, and often away from other bulls.
Sometimes the females call a bull. He can visit them then, and stay for a time. But soon his “wives” and sisters send him away again. The females have very happy family life. What does the bull think about it? We don’t know.
（10分）（答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) What happens to a male elephant when it grows up? （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.He often lives together with his wife.
B.He leaves the family.
C.He tries to form a new family.
D.He lives with other male friends.
★检查答案
标准答案：B
(2) Which of the following is true according to the passage? （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.Sometimes the female elephants visit a bull.
B.Sometimes the younger females stay with the family for a time.
C.When a female elephant is old, the males leave the family.
D.A bull sometimes stays with females for a time.
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(3) What do the other elephants do when a female has died? （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.The others throw the dead body away.
B.The others eat the dead body.
C.The others take a bit of the dead body away sadly.
D.The others bury the dead body.
★检查答案
标准答案：C
(4) In what ways are elephants like the human beings? （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.They never forget great sadness or great happiness.
B.They live in families of females.
C.They live together for a long time.
D.They have daughters, mothers and grandmothers.
★检查答案
标准答案：A
(5) What would the elephant family do when a male elephant is born? （2分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.They send it away.
B.They keep it for some time.
C.They teach it to live alone.
D.They stay with it for a long time.
★检查答案
标准答案：B
二. 选择题（共30题,共30分）
1. What a ____ it was when she heard that no one was injured in the accident. （1分）
A.relieve
B.surprising
C.relief
D.fright
★检查答案
标准答案：C
2. The happy look on his face ____ that he had passed the exam successfully. （1分）
A.explained
B.described
C.expressed
D.suggested
★检查答案
标准答案：D
3. In doing so, he had ____ learnt something about himself. （1分）
A.undoubtedly
B.necessarily
C.frequently
D.excessively
★检查答案
标准答案：A
4. The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also ____ a large number of social customs. （1分）
A.produce
B.share
C.provide
D.copy
★检查答案
标准答案：B
5. After supper she would sit down by the fire,sometimes for ______ an hour,thinking of her young and happy days．（1分）
A.as much as
B.as soon as
C.as long as
D.as many as
★检查答案
标准答案：C
6. The deadlineisonly three days away. We can’t ____ the waste of a single minute in doing the work. （1分）
A.afford
B.ignore
C.provide
D.make
★检查答案
标准答案：A
7. Not until she took off her dark glasses ____ she was a famous film star. （1分）
A.did I realize
B.I realized
C.had I realized
D.I will realize
★检查答案
标准答案：A
8. I need a refrigerator but I can’t afford to buy ____. （1分）
A.it
B.one
C.them
D.ones
★检查答案
标准答案：B
9. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ____ the helplessness of the crew at sea. （1分）
A.resulted from
B.added to
C.turned out
D.made up
★检查答案
标准答案：B
10. I can’t go out with you because I have a lot of work ____ this afternoon. （1分）
A.to do
B.doing
C.done
D.to have done
★检查答案
标准答案：A
11. More and more young people like playing football, ____is an exciting game. （1分）
A.what
B.because
C.that
D.which
★检查答案
标准答案：D
12. It is necessary that this machine-tool ____ every day. （1分）
A.oil
B.be oiled
C.is to oil
D.oiled
★检查答案
标准答案：B
13. What a pity! I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was ____ in the traffic jam. （1分）
A.broken up
B.kept back
C.held up
D.kept up
★检查答案
标准答案：C
14. They ____ the train until it disappeared in the distance. （1分）
A.saw
B.watched
C.noticed
D.observed
★检查答案
标准答案：B
15. My sole object was to get shelter ____ the snow, to get myself covered and warm. （1分）
A.for
B.off
C.from
D.over
★检查答案
标准答案：C
16. He comes to see his parents____. （1分）
A.everydays
B.every three days
C.each days
D.each three days
★检查答案
标准答案：B
17. Mr. Hays was pleased to have the ____ to hear such a fine musician play his favorite piece of music. （1分）
A.time
B.possibility
C.place
D.opportunity
★检查答案
标准答案：D
18. What you said just now ____ me of that American professor. （1分）
A.mentioned
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7713950435.html,rmed
C.reminded
D.memorized
★检查答案
标准答案：C
19. They were just going to give up the question, ____ suddenly they found the answer. （1分）
A.when
B.after
C.unless
D.until
★检查答案
标准答案：A
20. He thought the painting was of little ____, so he let me have it for only ten pounds. （1分）
A.cost
B.value
C.price
D.expense
★检查答案
标准答案：B
21. The vessel, with its entire crew and cargo, ____ lost. （1分）
A.are
B.were
C.was
D.has
★检查答案
标准答案：C
22. The students ____ their papers by the end of this month. （1分）
A.have finished
B.will be finishing
C.will have finished
D.have been finishing
★检查答案
标准答案：C
23. Unless they are programmed by humans, computers are nothing more than big pieces of metal. But once
_____ what to do, they show extraordinary power in carrying it out. （1分）
A.taught
B.teaches
C.teaching
D.to teach
★检查答案
标准答案：A
24. It was already nine o’clock. The children thought that their parents ____ have already left home for work. （1分）
A.could
B.may
C.might
D.must
★检查答案
标准答案：D
25. To everyone’s surprise, the fashionable young lady ____ to be a thief. （1分）
A.found out
B.made out
C.worked out
D.turned out
★检查答案
标准答案：D
26. The match was canceled because most of the members ____ a match without a standard court. （1分）
A.objected to having
B.object to have
C.were objected to have
D.were objected to having
★检查答案
标准答案：A
27. I don’t know the restaurant, but it’s ____ to be quite a good one. （1分）
A.said
B.told
C.spoken
D.talked
★检查答案
标准答案：A
28. The writer’s choice of words is simply a matter of ____ style. （1分）
A.personal
B.private
C.personnel
D.individual
★检查答案
标准答案：A
29. The computer “teacher” was talking with his students as though it ____ a human teacher. （1分）
A.was
B.were
C.had been
D.be
★检查答案
标准答案：B
30.
--- Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?
--- Sorry, I’m too busy and haven’t got even a minute to ____.
（1分）
A.spend
B.spare
C.share
D.stop
★检查答案
标准答案：B
三. 完型填空（共20题,共20分）
1.
(Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.) Mrs. Smith was overweight and had to _1_ a diet. She had to give up rich dessert because they contained too much _2__. Giving them up was very difficult because, _3_ such dessert for many years, she had _4_ them and now missed them very much. One day, walking along the street and coming to a bakery shop, she _5_ to look longingly at the cakes and pies in the windows. Suddenly her friend Mrs. Clark _6_ behind her and spoke to her. Surprised and embarrassed, Mrs. Smith _7_ a startled greeting and at the same time _8_.
Mrs. Clark was _9_ absorbed in her own thoughts to notice Mrs. Smith’s discomfort. She had just been to a sale of antiques and had bought an ugly vase which had been very cheap. At the moment she had 10 it, it _11_ a great bargain. Now she realized that the clever auctioneer had _12_ a useless piece of junk on her.
_13_ thinking of having been cheated, Mrs. Clark asked Mrs. Smith to have lunch with her, and the two women went to a _14_ restaurant. Mrs. Smith, who liked melted cheese ---- one of the few things in her diet that were not distasteful ---- asked the waiter for an American-cheese sandwich. Mrs. Clark 15 creamed chicken, hot buttered rolls, and a chocolate malted. Mrs. Smith suffered as she watched her friend. She thought to herself that Mrs. Clark was very _16_ to consume such things in front of her. Then, she remembered that she had kept her diet a secret
_17_ Mrs. Clark. Going through her order now, Mrs. Smith asked herself why she had behaved in _18_ silly, _19_ way when she had met Mrs. Clark. Now it was too late, and she suffered _20_ silence.
（20分）（答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.on
B.go on
C.in
D.go for
★检查答案
标准答案：B
(2) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.fat
B.vitamin
C.fruit
D.protein
★检查答案
标准答案：A
(3) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.having eaten
B.have eaten
C.had eaten
D.being eaten
★检查答案
标准答案：A
(4) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7713950435.html,ed to
B.got used to
C.hold on to
D.hold up to
★检查答案
标准答案：B
(5) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.inspected
B.sought
C.stopped
D.insisted
★检查答案
标准答案：C
(6) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.came
B.went
C.went up
D.came up
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(7) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.called
B.spoke
C.absented
D.uttered
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(8) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.flushed
B.flunked
C.flung
D.fluted
★检查答案
标准答案：A
(9) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.very
B.too
C.quite
D.rather
★检查答案
标准答案：B
(10) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.purchased
B.broke
C.reserved
D.kept
★检查答案
标准答案：A
(11) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.felt
B.looked
C.seemed
D.seems
★检查答案
标准答案：C
(12) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.carried
B.taken
C.imposed
D.brought
★检查答案
标准答案：C
(13) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.Like
B.As
C.Also
D.Still
★检查答案
标准答案：D
(14) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.closely
B.close
C.nearby
D.near
★检查答案
标准答案：C
(15) ( ) （1分）（答题时限：00:00:30）
A.ordered
B.cleaned
C.cleared
D.charged
★检查答案
标准答案：A