Unit 4 Earthquake
Grammar---the attributive clauses 定语从句
I.Sentences translation (English into Chinese)
1.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were
asleep as usual that night. (Line 8)
2.It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. (Line
11)
3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across
houses, roads and canals. (Line 13)
4.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
(Line 16)
5.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the
first one shook Tangshan. (Line 24)
6.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the
dead. (Line 32)
7.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (Line
35)
8.The powerful earthquake of Tangshan happened in the city of Tangshan, Hebei
Province on July 28th, 1976, which caused more than 240,000 deaths and the whole city was destroyed. (Best English P35)
9.However, they can warn people who live in these areas by prediction, in
advance to take precautions against such disasters. (Best English P35)
II.Summary of the rules of the attributive clauses
1. 关系代词/副词
2．只用that不用which的情况
当先行词是
1）不定代词all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时
e.g. You can take any seat that is free.
We should do all that is useful to the people.
2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时；
e.g. It is the only thing that we can do.
3）是或被序数词the first /second /third…所修饰时；
e.g. This is the first place that I want to visit.
4）被形容词最高级所修饰时；
e.g. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
5）同时指人和事/物时；
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.
6）主句以there be 开头时
e.g. There is the matter that I can do.
3．只用which不用that的情况
①阅读理解中的长难句； ②考关系词：语法填空（不给提示词）和短文改错（增删关系词、关系词用错）。 读句子，猜猜他是谁？ He is a player who is very famous in the world. Heplaysfootballwhichispopularallovertheworld. Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger. He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held. Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyearwhenthe18thWorld Cup washeld. Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful? 定语从句
定语从句的概念 一、定语的概念 句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当，且定语往往翻译为“…的”。 即学即练 指出下列句子中的定语由何种词句充当： ①I have a pretty dog. 答案：pretty形容词 ②He is in the reading room.答案：reading现在分词 二、定语从句的概念 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词（跑在前面的词），定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。1)定语从句的结构： 圈出每句中被修饰的名词。 2/ 9
He is a player who is very famous in the world. Heplaysfootball which ispopularallovertheworld. Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger. He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held. Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyear when the18thWorld Cup washeld. Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful? 指出如下句子的先行词、关系词和定语从句： The boy who broke the window is Tom ’s brother. He was the leader of the team in the year when the 18th World Cup was held. 先行词：the boy、the year 关系词：who、when 定语从句：who broke the window is Tom’s brother.when the 18th World Cup was held. 2)为什么有不同的关系词？ He is a player who is very famous in the world. 拆分：He is a player. The player is very famous in the world.（主语） 拆分句子，并观察先行词在从句中充当什么成分。 I have never seen the girl who you mentioned yesterday. She is the teacher who we want to visit. 即学即练
Period 1 Grammar (relative pronouns of attributive clause sⅠ) 【学习目标】 1.To know some basic definitions, such as attributive clauses (定语从句), antecedent (先行词), relative pronouns（关系词）. 2.To learn how to choose a relative pronoun — that,which,who,whom,whose,as. 【学习重点与难点】 Important point: To grasp the way of selecting a relative pronoun. Difficult point: To identify the sentence parts (subject or object) that relative pronouns function as in attributive clauses. 【使用说明与学法指导】 1、带着预习案中问题导学中的问题自主设计预习提纲，对概念进行梳理，作好必要的标注和 笔记。 2、认真完成基础知识梳理，在“我的疑惑”处填上自己不懂的知识点，在“我的收获”处填写自 己对本课自主学习的知识及方法收获。 3、熟记relative pronouns of attributive clauses基础知识梳理中的重点知识。 预习案 一、问题导学 观察句子。 1.The boys are from Class One. They are playing basketball. → The boys who are playing basketball are from Class One. 2.The student is Wang Kun. The teacher has praised him. → The student whom the teacher has praised is Wang Kun. 3.The factory is over there. It produces cars. → The factory which produces cars is over there. 4.Football is a game. Most boys like football. → Fo otball is a game which most boys like. 二、知识梳理 1. 定语从句：一个句子作_______，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词。 2. 主句中被修饰的名词或代词叫_________。引导定语从句的词叫做_______。 3.关系词的三个作用：指代_________；位于定语从句句首，引导整个____________； 关系词在定语从句中________(作/不作)成分。 三、预习自测 请找出下列句子中的先行词和关系词。 1.The boy who is wearing a black jacket is my friend. 2.That’s the girl whom I teach. 3.The cake that my mother made is for my birthday. 4.He lent me the book which you talked about yesterday. 5.They all enjoyed the story that I told. 6.The man who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 7.There is an old man who wants to see you. 8.The problem that we are facing now is how to collect so much money. 9.These are the trees which I planted last year.
定语从句知识应该掌握到什么程度 Learning aims: 1. 关系副词where/when/why引导的定语从句 2. 介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句 1.关系副词引导定语从句 在定语从句中，关系副词主要有3个：when, where和why. 1）when 在定语从句中表时间，作状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如：time, day, season, age, occasion 等。 I can’t forget the night when I came to the farm. 翻译：__________________________________________________ 2)where在定语从句中表示地点，作状语，其先行词通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地点的名词 situation, case, condition, point等表示 抽象意义的名词。 The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. 翻译：____________________________________________________ The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 翻译：____________________________________________________ 3) why在定语从句中表示原因，作状语，先行词一般是reason. That is the reason why I did so. 翻译：___________________________ I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to school yesterday. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ 【注意】 1)并非先行词表示时间、地点或原因时,引导词就用when, where 或why;若定语从句中不缺 状语而缺主语或宾语则须用which或 that引导定语从句。 I’ll never forget the days______ we worked together. I’ll never forget the days ______we spent together. Do you know the reason ______he failed in the exam this time The reason _____he gave me was reasonable. 2) when, where, why,引导的定语从句可用“介词+which”来替换。其介词可根据先行词和 定语从句中的谓语动词来判断。 A.when相当于at/in/on/during等+which. The date on which he joined the Party was July 1，1984. 翻译：
Attributive clause(定语从句) 定义: 定语：修饰名词或者代词，翻译为“……的”the beautiful girl the handsome boy the lovely dog The girl in blue 定语从句: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。一般放在名词或代词后面The boy who is reading is Tom. Hospital is a place where a doctor works. 关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为关系代词 （that,which,who,whom,whose）和关系副词(when,where,why)。 先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 限制性定语从句 第一部关系代词的使用 Task 1: 1、勾画出以下句子的关系代词 2、勾画出以下句子的定语从句 1）The limit that/which may prevent us from realizing our dream is our doubts of today. 2）The man who/that seeks something will be young forever. 3）The dream whose main content concerns about love will brighten the world. 4）The man whose dream has been forgotten will be forgotten by future. 5）Those guys who/whom/略God helps are people who/that never give up. 6) The dream which/that/略people hold should be always positive. 关系代词有_________________________________________________________ Task 2根据上题总结关系代词的用法。 先行词关系词在定语从 句中作主语关系词在定语从 句中做宾语 关系词在定语从 句中做定语 指人 指物 Conclusion: (1)当定语从句中缺少主语或者______的时候，用关系词_______________。 (2)当定语从句中缺少定语的时候，用关系词_________________。 (3)当定语从句中主语、宾语和定语都在的时候，用关系词_______________。问：什么情况下关系代词可以省略？ 注意：1、whose可指人或者物，修饰名词或者代词，在定语从句中充当定语。
定语从句
必备知识梳理考点一关系代词引导的定语从句： 一．who、whom、whose引导的定语从句
1.who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中可作主语也可作宾语，whom 在从句中只作宾语，两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语 时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school (who/whom/that) I met in the English speech contest last year. (2017全国卷阅读七选五) Campers, in my eyes, were people that/who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. 2.whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于 of which，指人时相当于of whom。 (2016全国二卷阅读理解) I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect other students. 二．that、which引导的定语从句 1.which指物，常在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物 均可，常在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. (2016天津卷阅读表达) Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. 2.限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用that不用which的情况： (1).先行词为不定代词anything、nothing、something、everything、 all、some、none、little few、the one等时； I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. (2).先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或其前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时； The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. (3).先行词被the only、the very、the last、any、every、each、few、
定语从句导学案 你如何给“成功”、“银行家”、“人类”“美”“婚姻”这些词下定义呢？现在我们来看看这几则定义吧： 1. SUCCESS A successful man is one makes more money than his wife can spend. A successful woman is one can find such a man. 2. A banker is a fellow lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining, but wants it back the minute it begins to rain. 3. Human beings are the only creatures on earth ，allow their children to come back home. 4. Beauty is the first present nature gives to woman and the first it takes away. 5. Marriage is an institution in a man loses his bachelor's degree and the woman gets her master's. 怎么样？是谁在说定语从句枯燥无趣的？我们再来看看充满智慧的名言，给它们添加上合适的关系词： 1 . A friend ____ you buy with presents will be bought from you.用礼物“买来”的朋友终会被买走。 2. Friendship is the golden thread ____ ties the hearts of all the world. 友谊是一根金线，把全世界的心连在一起。 3. Chances favor the minds ____ are prepared. 机遇总是降临到时刻做好准备的人身上。 4. If you wait, all ____ happens is that you get older. 如果你等待，发生的只是你变老。 5. He ____ falls today, may rise tomorrow. 今日失败的人，也许明日就会奋起。 6．The worst bankrupt is the person ____ has lost his enthusiasm.最惨的破产就是丧失自己的热情。 7. Courage is the ladder on ____ all the other virtues mount.勇气是一架梯子，其他美德全靠它爬上去.。 8. Never leave that until tomorrow, _____ you can do today . 今天的事不要拖到明天 9. Love should be a tree ____ roots are deep in the earth, but ____ branches extend into heaven. 爱情之树应该深深扎在泥土中，而其枝条则要伸展于广阔的天空。 10. Home is the place ____ ,when you have to go there , it has to take you in. 无论何时何地家永远是向游子敞开大门的地方。11. The only thing ____will stop you from fulfilling your dreams is you. 惟一阻挡你实现梦想的就是你自己。 12. The dictionary is the only place ____success comes before work. 只有在字典中，“成功”才会出现在“工作”之前。13. The shortest word ___I know is “I”. The sweetest word ____I know is "love".The only person ____I never forget is "you!" （不必翻译了吧？你懂的！） 现在请你看看下面的答案，看自己做对了多少：1. (who/that/whom) 2. which/that 3. which/that 4. that(先行词是指物的不定代词时一般用that) 5. who/that 6. who/that 7. which（介词后不用that哟）8. which（先行词是that, 我们就别重复用了吧，还有，看到逗号了吧？这是一句非限制性定语从句）9. whose, whose 10.where 11. that 12. where 13. 这三句甜言蜜语中的关系代词that均可省略 掌握定语从句的用法，必须突破以下难关： 我们见到定语从句时一定要仔细分析一下定语从句的含义。不要一见到先行词是时间或者地点名词就用when或where引导，而应看看引导词在定语从句中应作什么成份。如果作时间、地点或原因状语才能用when，where和why。也可以分析一下定语从句中是否有主语或宾语。如果既有主语又有宾语，可以用when, where或why引导；假若没有主语和宾语，那么就要考虑是否用that或which来引导了。如: A. Do you still remember the day_____ we met? B. Do you remember the day_____ we spent with professor Li in Xi’ an? 类似的例子还有： C. This is the place____we visited last year. A.where B、which C、to which D、by which). （选B . which是关系代词作宾语，指物） D. We will visit the place ____ he worked three years ago. A.where B、which C、that D、by which). （选A. where是关系副词作状语）。 E. I went to Beijing last year, ____ I visited the
定语从句 Step I Think it over ( 想一想) 定语从句的定义及相关术语。 (1) 定语从句：修饰某一个________ 或 _________ 的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句在句子中起 _________ ■乍用，有时也可以修饰一个句子。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫做___________ 定语从句必须放在先行词的___________ < (3) 关系词：引导定语从句词叫做关系词。关系词包括_________________ 和_______________ 。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：___________________________________________________ 引导定语从句的关系副词有：________________________________________ 关系词通常有两个作用A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词在从句中担当一个成分。 (4) 定语从句分为___________ 性定语从句和__________ 性定语从句两种。 形式上：限制性定语从句前_________ 号和主句隔开。 非限制性定语从句前_________ 号和主句隔开。 意义上：限制性定语从句起限定作用，是主句不可缺少的部分。 非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，省去后不影响主句的意思。 Step 川Have a try ( 试一试) 根据以上表格填空，每空可填多个词 1. This is the factory ____________________ we visited last week. 2. This is the watch _____________________ Tom is looking for. 3. The person _____________________ you spoke to is a student of Grade Two.
定语从句 思维导图 易考易错点总结 定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句外,还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括: 1．考查如何正确选择关系词 解题思路:找出从句,确定被修饰词,即先行词→将先行词代入定语从句,判断先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分:若作主语、宾语、表语、定语,则选择关系代词；若作状语则选关系副词。 2．考查whosｅ的用法 whｏse可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时，ｗｈose+名词＝名词+ｏｆwhｉｃh=of ｗhiｃh＋名词。如：Ｔhｅclassrｏｏｍwhoｓｅｄoor/the ｄｏｏｒof ｗhｉch／oｆwｈich tｈｅｄoor is brokｅn ｉs on ｔhe sｅcond fｌoor. 3．考查as/whｉcｈ引导的非限制性定语从句 尤其要重视wｈicｈ,aｓ引导的非限制性定语从句和tｈat,whａｔ引导的主语从句的区别。 4．考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。 如：I，ｗho aｍyoｕｒｃlｏｓe frｉend，will trｙｍｙbest to help you ｗhｅｎｅver you ａｒｅin trouｂle. 5.考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 ①“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词指人时用whoｍ,指物时用ｗｈｉｃｈ，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用ｗｈose。 如:The teacheｒiｎｆrｏｎt of whｏse housｅstands ａtall tｒee isｖery patiｅｎt wｉth his studｅnts. ②同时还要注意包含复杂介词或代词短语的定语从句与并列句的区别。 如：(1)He loves hｉs parenｔs deｅplｙ，bｏｔh oｆwhｏｍareｖeｒy kｉnd to him.（定语从句) (2）Hｅlｏves hiｓparents deeｐlｙａnd boｔｈof tｈem aｒe veｒy kind ｔo him.(并列句) ③此外，“介词+which+名词”结构也是一个较为特殊的结构。 如:Hｅwａs verｙill, in whiｃｈcaｓe(＝and in tｈｉs casｅ）we ｓenｔhｉｍｔo h
定语从句 学习目标 1.定义及术语 2.比较关系词 3.区别几种句型 1.定语从句及相关概念 定语：可由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等充当。 如果是一个句子充当定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. (1).概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行词关系词 (2). 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。 (3).关系词: 关系代词:that which who whom whose as 等 关系副词:when where why 等 (4).定语从句的分类： （1）限定性定从：与先行词关系密切，必不可少,它与先行词之间无逗号。 （2）非限定性定从：是先行词的一个附加说明，去掉也不影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。 He was reading a book, which was about war. His son who works in Shanghai has come back. His son, who works in Shanghai, has come back. ( ) (5). 各关系代词的使用方法 （ A ）who, whom, that 代替先行词指人的名或代词，who代人，在从句做主语，也可代替作宾语的whom，前不能有介词，如有介词则必用whom（指人结构：介词+whom）。 如:The girl who /that is dressed in red is my sister. (做主语) I don’t know the man (who/whom/that) you talked with. (做宾,省) 1. Women____drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____don’t. A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; / 2. He is the only one of the students who ______a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 3. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom (B)whose指人或物，只做定语.若指物，还可用of which互换。 I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.（＝her ） Please show me the bag whose cover is red. The boy whose father is a worker studies very hard. The book whose cover is green belongs to me. (=of which the cover =the cover of which) 1. George Orwell, _____was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 2. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house _____roof is under repair. A. whose B. which c. of which D. what 3. Have you seen the film Titanic, ____leading actor is world-famous? A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which 4. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____effects the people are still Suffering.
只能放在从句中动词的后面。例 如 定语从句讲解与练习 一、 定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰 的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫 ，定语从句一般放在先行词的。 二、 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有 和,常见的关系代词包括 ___________________________________ , , （宾格whom,所有格whose ）等，关系副词包括 __________________ , ________ , 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起,同时又作 定语从句 的重要成分。 三、 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为 及 。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可 省去， 非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起 作用，如省去，意 思仍完整。 四、 关系代词的用法 1. t hat 既可以用于指也可以用于指—。在从句中作 _____________ 或，作主语时不 可省略，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 （that 作） The coat （that ） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件 外套是蓝色的。 （that 作 ） 2. which 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省 略。例如： The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车 站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作） The film （which ） we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电 影很好看。（作 ） 3. wha whom 用于指人who 用作主语，whom 用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用 who 代替whom, 也可省略。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经 常在英语方面 帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） Who is the teacher （whom ） Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是 谁？（作宾语） 注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时， who, that, which 可省略，但 介词在关系代词前时，只能用“”结构。例如： This is the person whom you are looking for. （3） that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面, The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常 远。 （4）关系词只能用that 的情况： a. 先行词被 或 所修饰，或本身是、、形 容词最高级时，只能用 that,而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试 的人。 b. 被修饰的先行词为? _____________ ? ? _______________ ， ? anything, none, the one 等不定代词时，只能用that,而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? c. 先行词被, , the same, the last, little, few 等词修 饰时，只能用that,而不用 which.例如： This is the same bike that I lost. d. 先行词里同时含有—或—时，只能用 that,而不用which.例如： I can remember we11 the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. e. 以who 或which 引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如: Who is the girl that is crying? f. 主句是 there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用 that,而不用which. 例如： There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. （5）关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况： a. 先行词为，时，用which,而不用that.例如： What 's that which is under the desk? b. 关系代词前有介词时，一般用which,而不用that.例如： This is the room in which he lives. C.引导 定语从句，用which,而不用that.例如： Tom came back, which made us happy. 五、关系副词的用法
定语从句专题导学案 开心自测 1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those ______ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. once grew 2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, __________ many people have gone home. A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time 3. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 4. Luckily, we ' d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which 5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from __ efforts he still suffers. A. which B. that C. whose D. what 6. It 's said that he ' s looking for a new job, one ____ he can get more money to support his family. A. when B. where C. that D. which 7. We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 8. The little time we have together we ' ll try ___ wisely. A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that 9. The old building, behind _____ was a famous church, was _____ we used to work. A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where 10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _____ other visitors seldom go. A. what B. which C. where D. when 11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ____ the country became united. A. when B. if C. since D. until 12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those ___ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew
定语从句学案 编写人：高密市阚家中学程爱玲 一、学习目标: 1. Summarize the rules of how to use who , which, that, whom. 2.Grasp the differences between that and which ,who and who m .★ 3. Use the Attributive Clause freely. ※ 二、课前预习： I．诊断性测试:用适当的关系代词that，which，who，whom填空。(越多越好！) 1. The boy ______ is writing a composition is Tom. The boy ______ I mentioned just now is Tom. 2. I like the book _______ was written by James. I like the book _______ James wrote. 3.Mr Liu is the teacher _____you saw yesterday. Mr Liu is the teacher _____taught us English . II. Summary： 1) which 引导的定语从句修饰的是_____________. which 在从句中可以做________, 还可以做__________. 2) who 引导的定语从句先行词是___________. who 在从句中可以做________, 还可以做_______,这时可以和whom 通用. 3) that引导的定语从句既修饰________又修饰____________. that 在从句中可以做________, 还可以做__________. 切记：顺口溜__________________________________________________________ ————————————————————————————— 三、课上探究: I. 导入：在下面的句子中填上合适的关系代词. 1.This is the dog ______ they are looking for. 2.This is the very dog ______ they are looking for. 3. The thing ______you must do is to have a meal. 4. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal. ( ※说明由2、4小题引出只用that，不用which的情况) II. 分组讨论在什么情况下只能用that，不用which 1. a. The first English novel that I read was the Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens. b. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful park that I have ever seen. Summary：_______________________________________________________ 2. a. Mr. Green had told us something that we should do in the summer vocation. b. I heard all that she told to her mother. Summary：_______________________________________________________ 3. a.The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. b.He talked about the people and the countries that he had seen. Summary：_______________________________________________________ 4. a. This is the only thing that we must do now. b.I found the same book that he lent to me yesterday. c. This is the very wallet that I lost . Summary：_______________________________________________________ 5. a.Which is the room that Mr. Wang lives in? b. Who is the girl that you talked with just now？ Summary：_______________________________________________________ III. 随堂练习：单项选择:（切记规律！） ( )1. This is the very house____ we are looking for. A. that B. where C. which D. whose ( )2. I’ve returned all the books____ I borrowed from the library. A. which B. them C. what D. that ( )3. There isn’t much______ I can tell you. A. what B. which C. that D. where ( )4. She kept a record of everything____ happened during the meeting. A. when B. that C. which D. what ( )5. Please tell us about the persons and the places ____ you visited in Shanghai. A. that B. who C. which D. whom ( )6.California was the first state ____I had visited in the US. A. where B. that C. which D. what IV．只用which/whom不能用that/who的情况。 A.同位讨论并判断正误，对的（T）错的（F）. 1.The person who the boys are laughing at is my brother. ( ) The person at who the boys are laughing is my brother. ( ) 2. The room that we live in is very clean. ( ) The room in that we live is very clean. ( ) 3.This is the pen which I’m looking for. （） This is the pen for which I’m looking. （） B.友情提示：（切记！） 1.引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语且置于该介词之后时，先行词如果是人用whom ，先行 词如果是物则用which，（并且都不可以省略）。 2．将介词移至定语从句中或句尾时，whom可换用who或that也可省去；which可换用that 也可省去 3．在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，动词和介词不可分割。 四、当堂达标：（直击中考！）