2017初中语法专题讲解及练习---被动语态(有答案)
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被动语态
一、基本概念
语态是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态.如果主语是动作的执行者，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
二、基本分类（使用被动语态的情况）
不知道：Some new computers were stolen last night。一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
没必要：Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
需强调：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
1、构成:be+动词过去分词
am/is/are
was/were
am/is/are + being
was/were + being
done
will/be going to + be
have/has /had + been
can/must/may/need be
to be
2017初中语法专题讲解及练习---被动语态(有答案)
2、解题步骤
1)第一步： 判断正确的被动结构：be + done 2）第二步： 根据时间状语判断时态,选出正确答案。【小试牛刀】
1。 Today, computers are really helpful 。 They ____ everywhere 。
A. use
B 。 are used
C 。 used
D 。 were used
2。 Many accidents ________ by careless drivers last years.
例句
时态主动语态被动语态
主动语态
被动语态一般现在时
do/ does
am/is/are done
We clean the
classroom.
The classroom
is cleaned by
us.
一般过去时
did
was/were done
He made the
kite 。
The kite was
made by him.一般将来时
will/shal
l/be
going to
do
will/shall/be
going to be
done
They will
plat trees
tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them
tomorrow 。
现在完成时
have/has
done
have/has been
done
Jim has
finished the
work.
The work has
been finished by Jim 。情态动词
can/may/m
ust do
can/may/must
be done
Ican find
him 。
He can be found
by me.
2017初中语法专题讲解及练习---被动语态(有答案)
A. are caused
B. were caused
C. have caused D。 will cause
3. The road _____________ last year.
A。builds B。built C。was built D。 is built
答案：BBC
3、五项注意
1)不及物动词无被动语态：无宾语何来被动
What will happen in 100 years.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2）变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉★
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by。→
My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by。
The boss made the little boy do heavy work。→
The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss。
3）双宾变被动:直宾(物）作主语需加介词
He gave me a book。→A book was given to me by him。
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
4）短语是整体：勿忘介词或副词
We can’t laugh at him。→He can’t be laughed at by us.
He listens to the radio every day。→The radio is listened to by him every day.
5）复合宾语变被动:宾语变主语，宾补成主补