英国文学史复习大纲(English Literature)
以下复习大纲仅罗列重要条目，请参照课本、课件、笔记复习备考。
一、中古时期英语文学（Old and Medieval English Literature）
包括古英语时期或盎格鲁--萨克森时期(449-1066)（The Old English Period or The Anglo-Saxon Period ）和中世纪（1066-ca.1485/ 1500）(The Medieval Period /The Middle English Period)
1. 主要的作家、作家概况及其代表作品
2. 文学术语：epic, alliteration, heroic couplet , romance, ballad (Textbook I, p51) , iambic pentameter
1)英国中古时期主要的文学作品：
《贝奥武甫》Beowulf
《高文爵士与绿色骑士》Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
2) 杰弗里·乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer (The Founder of English Poetry)
《坎特伯雷故事集》The Canterbury Tales
二、英国文艺复兴时期文学（The Renaissance Period）(1500-1660)
1．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色、代表作品及其语言风格
2．文学术语：Renaissance，humanism, sonnet, Shakespearean sonnet, blank verse, comedy, tragedy, history, tragicomedy, Spenserian stanza, comedy of humours, metaphysical poetry, conceit, elegy
1) 英国文艺复兴时期主要作家：
埃德蒙·斯宾塞 Edmund Spenser （后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。）
《仙后》The Faerie Queene
托马斯·莫尔Thomas More (欧洲早期空想社会主义的创始人，以其名著《乌托
邦》而著名。)
《乌托邦》Utopia
克里斯托夫·马洛Christopher Marlowe （代表作《浮士德博士的悲剧》根据德国民
间故事书写成;完善了无韵素体诗。）
《浮士德博士的悲剧》The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus
Tamburlaine the Great 《帖木儿大帝》
The Jew of Malta 《马耳他的犹太人》
威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare （英国著名剧作家、诗人。Shakespearean
Sonnet, “四大悲剧”。）
Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》（悲剧）
Othello 《奥赛罗》（悲剧）
King Lear 《李尔王》（悲剧）
Macbeth 《麦克白》（悲剧）
Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（悲剧）
The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》（喜剧）
A Mid-Summer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》（喜剧）
As You Like it 《皆大欢喜》（喜剧）
Much Ado About Nothing 《无事生非》（喜剧）
Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》（喜剧）
Henry IV, Part I, and Part II 《亨利四世》（史）
Henry V 《亨利五世》（史）
The Winter’s Tale 《冬天的故事》（传奇）
The Tempest 《暴风雨》(传奇)
…
Sonnets十四行诗
弗朗西斯·培根Francis Bacon （哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了
知识就是力量这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代
实验科学的先驱。）
Essays 《培根论说文集》
本·琼生Ben Jonson (诗人，剧作家，批评家；性格喜剧Comedy of Humours)
Volpone 《狐坡尼》
2) 十七世纪文学（资产阶级革命时期）
约翰·邓恩John Donne （“玄学派”诗人Metaphysical Poetry）
“A Valediction: forbidding mourning”（告别辞：莫悲伤）约翰·弥尔顿John Milton（诗人、政论家;失明后写《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士
参孙》。）
《失乐园》Paradise Lost
《复乐园》Paradise Regained
《力士参孙》Samson Agonistes
《目盲自咏》“On His Blindness”
《论出版自由》“Areopagitica”
约翰·班扬John Bunyan （代表作《天路历程》，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永
恒意义的百科全书”，是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的《神
曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。）
《天路历程》The Pilgrim’s Progress
三、英国新古典主义时期文学（The Neoclassical Period，1660-1785）和十八世纪文学
1．主要作家及其主要作品、作品的艺术特色及其文学流派。
2. 文学术语：The Enlightenment, Age of Enlightenment, Neoclassicism (or Classicism), satire,
irony, epistolary novel, sentimentalism, picaresque novel, parody, comic epic, mock epic
英国新古典主义时期文学主要作家：
王政复辟时期
约翰·德莱顿John Dryden（批评家和戏剧家；在英国被封为第一位“桂冠诗人”；最先提出“玄学诗人”一词；他创造的“英雄双韵体”,成为英国诗歌的主要形式之一。）（Textbook I, p.131）
十八世纪诗歌
亚历山大·蒲柏Alexander Pope （18世纪英国最伟大的诗人，其诗多用“英雄双韵体”。
词句工整、精练、富有哲理性。“the age of Pope”）
《批评论》An Essay on Criticism
《卷发遇劫记》The Rape of the Lock
《愚人记》Dunciad
十八世纪小说的崛起
丹尼尔·笛福Daniel Defoe（小说家，新闻记者，小册子作者；十八世纪英国现
实主义小说的奠基人。）
《鲁滨逊漂流记》Robinson Crusoe
《摩尔·弗兰德斯》Moll Flanders
塞缪尔·理查森Samuel Richardson （小说开始审视“发生于内心的东西”,代表作《帕
米拉》《克拉丽莎》。）
《帕米拉》Pamela
《克拉丽莎》Clarissa
亨利·菲尔丁Henry Fielding （英国小说家，戏剧家，被誉为“英国小说之父” 。）
《约瑟夫·安德鲁》Joseph Andrews
《汤姆·琼斯》Tom Jones
《大伟人江奈生·魏尔德》Jonathan Wild
乔纳森·斯威夫特Jonathan Swift（十八世纪杰出的政论家和讽刺小说家。高尔基称他
为世界“伟大文学创造者之一”。）
《格列佛游记》Gulliver’s Travels
《一个小小的建议》“A Modest Proposal”
《书战》“The Battle of the Books”
《木桶的故事》“The Tale of a Tub”
戏剧
理查德·布林斯利·谢里丹Richard Brinsley Sheridan （英国剧作家，政治家。18世纪
唯一一位剧作家。《造谣学校》是英国风俗喜剧最佳作品之一。）
（Textbook I，169）
《情敌》The Rivals
《造谣学校》The School for Scandal
塞缪尔·约翰逊 Samuel Johnson（英国作家,批评家；英国文学史上重要的诗人、散文
家、传记家和健谈家，编纂的《英语大词典》对英语发展做出了重
大贡献。）
《英语大词典》Dictionary of the English Language
四、英国浪漫主义文学（The Romantic Period）(1798-1832)
1．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色、代表作品及其语言风格
2. 文学术语：Pre-Romanticism, Romanticism, Lyrical Ballads, Lake Poets, Gothic novel （Textbook I, p170）, Byronic hero, ode, terza rima, comedy of manners,
1）英国浪漫主义诗人：
威廉·布莱克William Blake（十九世纪英国浪漫派诗人、画家、雕刻家; 代表作《素
描诗集》、《经验之歌》、《天真之歌》。）
《素描诗集》Poetical Sketches
《天真之歌》Songs of Innocence
《经验之歌》Songs of Experience
《天堂与地狱的婚姻》The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
《伦敦》“London”
《老虎》“The Tyger”
《羊羔》“The Lamb”
《扫烟囱的孩子》“The Chimney Sweeper”
罗伯特·彭斯Robert Burns （苏格兰著名农民诗人。）
《红红的玫瑰》“A Red, Red Rose”
《不管那一套》“For a’ That and a’ That”
威廉·华兹华斯 William Wordsworth（与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。）
《抒情歌谣集》Lyrical Ballads
《序曲》The Prelude
《我好似一朵孤独的流云》“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
《惠敏斯特桥上有感》“Composed upon Westminster Bridge”
《孤独的割麦女》“The Solitary Reaper”
《丁登寺杂咏》“Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern
Abbey”
塞缪尔·泰勒·科勒律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge （“湖畔派诗人”之一。）
《忽必烈汗》“Kubla Khan”
《古舟子咏》“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”
乔治·戈登·拜伦George Gordon Byron （拜伦式英雄Byronic heroes孤傲、狂热、浪漫，却充满了反抗精神。内心充满了孤独与苦闷，却又蔑视群小。恰尔
德·哈罗德是拜伦诗歌中第一个“拜伦式英雄”。）
《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》Child Harold’s Pilgrimage
《唐·璜》Don Juan
“She Walks in Beauty”
波西·比希·雪莱Percy Bysshe Shelley （英国浪漫主义诗人。）
Queen Mab 《麦布女王》
The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反叛》
Promethus Unbound 《解放了的普罗米修斯》（诗剧）
The Cenci 《钦契一家》（诗剧）
“Ode to the West Wind”《西风颂》
“Adonais”《阿多尼》
约翰·济慈John Keats (“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名诗句。)
“Ode on a Grecian Urn”《希腊古瓮颂》
“Ode on Melancholy”《忧郁颂》
“Ode to a Nightingale”《夜莺颂》
“To Autumn”《秋颂》
“Ode to Psyche”《普赛克颂》
2）同时期的小说
简·奥斯汀Jane Austen （以女性作家特有的敏锐和细腻刻画英国乡村中产阶级的生活和思想。预示现实主义小说的崛起）
Sense and Sensibility《理智与感情》
Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》
Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德庄园》
Emma《爱玛》
Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》
Persuasion《劝导》
沃尔特·司各特Walter Scott （浪漫主义历史小说为他赢得“西欧历史小说之父”的声
誉。）
Rob Roy《罗伯·罗伊》
Ivanhoe 《艾凡赫》
3) 补充：
托马斯·格雷Thomas Gray （Textbook I, p170）
“Elegy, Written in a Country Churchyard”
玛丽·雪莱Mary Shelley
Frankenstein 《科学怪人》
查尔斯·兰姆Charles Lamb （Textbook II, p131）
五、维多利亚时期（The Victorian Period，1832-1901 ）
1．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色、代表作品及其语言风格
2. 文学术语：realism, critical realism, caricature, naturalism, novels of character and environment, dramatic monologue, The Aesthetic Movement
1）维多利亚时期小说：
查尔斯·狄更斯Charles Dickens（批判现实主义小说家）
The Pickwick Papers 《匹克威克外传》
Oliver Twist 《奥列弗·特威斯特》
David Copperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》
Bleak House《荒凉山庄》
Hard Times《艰难时世》
A tale of Two Cities《双城记》
Great Expectations《伟大的期望》
A Christmas Carol《圣诞颂歌》
萨克雷William Makepeace Thackeray （小说家）
Vanity Fair, or a Novel without a Hero 《名利场》
夏洛蒂/爱米丽/安妮·勃郎特Charlotte/Emily/Anne Bronte
Charlotte Bronte: Jane Eyre 《简爱》
Shirley《雪莉》
Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》
乔治·爱略特George Eliot（女，小说家）
Adam Bede 《亚当·比德》
The Mill on the Floss《弗罗斯河上的磨房》
Silas Marner《织工马南》
Middlemarch, a Study of Provincial Life《米德尔马契》盖斯凯尔夫人Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell
Mary Barton《玛丽·巴顿》
托马斯·哈代Thomas Hardy （小说多以农村生活为背景；自然主义小说家。
Wessex novels; novels of character and environment ）
Under the Greenwood Tree 《绿荫下》
Far from the Madding Crowd 《远离尘嚣》
The Return of the Native 《还乡》
The Mayor of Casterbridge 《卡斯特桥市长》
Tess of the D’Urbervilles 《德伯家的苔丝》
Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘德》
2）维多利亚时期诗歌：
阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生Alfred Tennyson （维多利亚时代最具代表性的诗人）
“Break, Break, Break”碎了，碎了，碎了
“Ulysses”尤利西斯
In Memoriam《悼念集》
The Idylls of the King 《国王叙事诗》
勃朗宁夫妇The Brownings
Robert Browning：( dramatic monologue 戏剧性独白)
The Ring and the Book《环与书》
“My Last Duchess”我已故的公爵夫人
“Home Thoughts, from Abroad”海外乡思
Elizabeth Barrett Browing:
Sonnets from the Portuguese 《葡萄牙十四行诗》
3) 维多利亚时期戏剧：
奥斯卡·王尔德Oscar Wilde（唯美主义运动The Aesthetic Movement: Art for Art’s Sake）
Lady Wi ndermere’s Fan《温德米尔夫人的扇子》
The Importance of Being Earnest 《认真的重要性》
Salome 《莎乐美》
The Picture of Dorian Gray《道林·格雷的画像》
The Happy Prince and other Stories《快乐王子童话集》
六．现代时期（The Modern Period）(1914-1945)
1．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色、代表作品及其语言风格
2. 文学术语：modernism，stream-of-consciousness, problem plays, Oedipus complex, Epiphany, Bloomsbury Group)
1）二十世纪上半叶戏剧：
乔治·萧伯纳George Bernard Shaw （英国杰出的批判现实主义剧作家, 1925 Nobel Prize, problem plays）
Mrs. Warren’s Profession《华伦夫人的职业》
Man and Superman 《人与超人》
The Apple Cart 《苹果车》
Pygmalion 《匹格马利翁》
Major Barbara 《巴巴拉上校》
Heartbreak House 《伤心之家》
2）二十世纪上半叶诗歌：
威廉·巴特勒·叶芝William Butler Yeats （爱尔兰诗人，剧作家；The Irish nationalist movement 爱尔兰独立运动；The Irish Literary Revival 爱尔兰文
艺复兴；The Irish Literary Theater, or the Abbey Theater 爱尔兰民
族剧团, Nobel Prize,1923）
The Wind Among the Reeds 《芦苇中的风》
Responsibilities 《责任》
The Tower 《钟楼》
The Winding Stair 《盘旋的楼梯》
“ The Lake Isle of Innisfree”《茵尼斯弗里岛》
“Sailing to Byzantine”《驶向拜占庭》
“Easter, 1916”《复活节，1916》
“Second Coming”《第二次降临》
“Leda and the Swan”《丽达与天鹅》
3）现代主义小说：
约瑟夫·康拉德Joseph Conrad
The Nigger of the Narcissus 《白水仙号上的黑家伙》
Lord Jim 《吉姆爷》
Heart of Darkness 《黑暗之心》
大卫·赫伯特·劳伦斯David Herbert Lawrence（英国诗人，小说家，散文家，Oedipus complex）
Sons and Lovers 《儿子与情人》
The Rainbow《虹》
Women in Love 《恋爱中的女人》
Lady Chatterley’s Lover《查泰莱夫人的情人》
詹姆斯·乔伊斯 James Joyce （爱尔兰小说家，意识流小说的代表人物，Epiphany）
The Dubliners 《都柏林人》
The Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man 《青年艺术家的肖像》
Ulysses 《尤利西斯》
Finnegan’s Wake《芬尼根守灵夜》
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫Virginia Woolf（意识流小说的代表人物; Bloomsbury Group）
Mrs. Dalloway 《达罗卫夫人》
To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》
The Waves 《海浪》
The Common Reader 《普通读者》
一．中古英语时期 ?Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. ?The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. ?Geoffrey?Chaucer, one?of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. ?Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance ?Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. ?It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. ?Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. ?This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth reigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England ? ?“Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. ?Thomas More ——Utopia ?Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 ? 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? ? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene ? C. Beowulf D. Hamlet ? 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. ? A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare ? C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer ? 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. ? A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer ? C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare ?“All the world 's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.”——William Shakespeare ?William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have
.. ;.. 一．中古英语时期 Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly a dventures or other heroic deeds. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance Renaissance r efers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth r eigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance i s the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance E ngland are Christopher Marlowe and W illiam Shakespeare. The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe. Francis Bacon was the best known essayist of this period. “Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. Thomas More ——Utopia Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene C. Beowulf D. Hamlet 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare “All t he world 's a stage, a nd all the men and women merely p layers.”——William Shakespeare William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
English Renaissance (1500-1625) 14.15世纪 Humanism人文主义: Emphases the worth of life in this world, and the dignity of human being Three periods: 1.Imitation and assimilation同化------14世纪末到16世纪上半叶 2.Elizabethan Age-flowering time -----16世纪下半叶----Shakespeare 3.Epilogue收尾of the English Renaissance------------17世纪初 Effect：not confined to literature, music and the fine arts, but affected the whole development of civilization, a broad line dividing Middle Age and Modern Age. William Shakespeare 代表作：Hamlet,哈姆雷特Othello, King Lear,李尔王, Romeo and Juliet The Merchant of V enice:Bassanio巴萨尼奥Antonio安东尼奥,Shylock夏洛克,Bassanio’s girlfriend, Portia Theme: praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a woman of great wisdom, and to disclose the cruelty of shylock. The play is a triumph of friendship and love over greed and avarice, good over evil, humanity over inhumanity. The 17th Century Metaphysical School 玄学派 特点：complex, highly intellectual verse诗filled with intricate错综的and far-fetched牵强附会metaphor. Many are about love and death and religion. 1.John Donne 代表作：An Anatomy解剖in the medieval中世纪, Of the Progress of the soul, A Valediction告别演说: Forbidding Mourning 2.John Milton Paradise Lost---epic Satan: intelligent and eloquent雄辩的, pride, courageous and cannot be defeated, question the authority of God, stand for freedom and liberty. God: cruel, unjust, and selfish Adam and Eve: power of man—humanism Miltonic style：Long and involved sentence, a varity of pause, oratorical and logical, use inversion倒装and allusion典故. The 18th century 1.Daniel Defoe 代表作：The life and strange surprising adventure of Robinson Crusoe Theme: struggling against nature and human fate with an indomitable不屈的will and highly praise his creative labor, mental and physical, an allusion to the glorification赞颂of the bourgeois资产阶级creativity when it was a rising and more energetic class in the initial stage原始期of its historical development.
Interpretation of “Bartleby” 2012 English Class, 1204402019, Crush Abstract Herman Melville?s tale “Bartleby”is one of those highly acclaimed symbolic short stories in the 19th century. Bartleby is an exploited worker in the capitalistic prison—Wall Street. To some critics, he is “a Thoreau-like practitioner of passive resistance”or “an autobiographical projection of Melville as alienated author.”1In this article, I am going to concentrate on the dark, ruthless commercial society and its defective capitalist values the narrator wants to reveal in “Bartleby”; specifically, I will illustrate how the narrator?s failure to understand the existence of Bartleby and to help him indicates the limitations of rationalism. Further more, I will also try to explain what does Bartleby really need, and how can people really save him from terrible forlornness. Key words Bartleby society limitation rationalism capitalist values Melville?s “Bartleby”is narrated by the first-person narrator, as he describes himself, is “a man who, from his youth upwards, has been filled with a profound conviction that the easiest way of life is the best…one of those unambitious lawyers who never addresses a jury, or in any way draws down public applause; but in the cool tranquility of a snug retreat, do a snug business among rich men?s bonds and mortgages and title-deeds.” He is quite satisfied with his profitable life. He is proud of himself in his successful business and proudly attached that he was once employed and praised by John Jacob Astor: “All who know me consider me an eminently safe man. The late John Jacob Astor, a personage little given to poetic enthusiasm, had no hesitation in pronouncing my first grand point to be prudence; my next method.”The narrator is a typical business man of Wall Street—the epitome of the increasing urbanized, capital-driven society. The author does not set Wall Street as the backdrop randomly, but uses it 1(journal articles) Y on-jae Jung, “The Poe-esque Elements in Melville?s…Bartleby the Scrivener?”, Foreign Literature Studies 4 (2009), p. 63.
英国文学期末考试复习要点 1.英国最早的居民：凯尔特人Celts 2.英语语言起源于盎格鲁萨克斯ANGLO-SAXON部落融合统一之后，发展于诺曼征服Norman Conquest之后。 3.古代文学两个分支（异教徒文学Pagan和基督文学Christian）；BEOWULF文学地位（英国的民族史诗national epic of England），人物角色(Beowulf,Grendel, Grendel's mother, Fire Dragon,Wiglef)，修辞手法（头韵法alliteration，暗喻metaphor，低调陈述understatement） 4.诺曼征服人物William the Conqueror，骑士Romance文学年代（中世纪14th-16TH）, 《高文和绿衣骑士的故事》Sir Gawain and the Green Knight（亚瑟王传说最佳作品）P.21选段，反映的是英国的故事matters of Britain。骑士的优良传统美德（忠诚loyalty） 5.威廉朗莱德William Langland作品《耕者皮尔斯》Piers the Plowman（十四世纪以梦境dream vision呈现的作品）
6.乔叟Chaucer地位（诗歌之父Father of English Poetry），主要作品The Canteberry Tales，文学贡献（英雄双行体Heroic Couplet，净化purified LONDON 音dialect），葬于西敏寺大教堂Westminster Abbey，为此建立诗人角Poet's Corner；《坎特伯雷故事集》主要人物（32 朝圣者pilgrims），选作P45(时间April，地点Tabard Inn，人物，巴斯妇人的故事Wife of Bath)，抑扬五步格iambic pentameter （轻音unstressed syllable+重音stressed syllable） 7.实行政教分离者（亨利八世Henry VIII）Religious Reformation:The King broke off with the Pope. 8.托马斯摩尔Thomas More的《乌托邦》Utopia，宣扬财产property与困境poverty 分离和建立理想国度ideal state。 9.托马斯怀亚特Thomas Wyatt把十四行诗sonnet引入英国，分离为莎士比亚体Shakespearian Sonnet和斯宾塞体Spencerian Sonnet，十四行诗源于意大利
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此处可能会有填空，选择等小题） 2. Romance （名词解释） 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4. Ballad（名词解释） 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet) 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)8. Renaissance（名词解释）9.Thomas More——Utopia 10. Sonnet（名词解释）11. Blank verse（名词解释）12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读） 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读） 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要，特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的，故事情节来自Old Testament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。 16. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress 17. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images. 18. Enlightenment（名词解释） 19. Neoclassicism（名词解释） 20. Richard Steele——“The Tatler” 21. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。 22. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions 23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations 24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; （我们主要讲了三个地方）“A Modest Proposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony 也就是反讽手法。 25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature. 26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。 27. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison” 28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel. 29. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”项狄传 30. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal” 31. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted V illage” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy),
英国文学史课程论文 Lake Poets in the history of English literature 英国文学史上的湖畔诗人 院（系）名称外国语学院 专业名称英语 学生姓名程路佳 学生学号1201200127 课程教师刘鹏飞 2015年12月23日
Lake Poets in the history of English literature Auther:Cheng Lujia Tutor:Liu Pengfei Abstract The Lake Poets or Lake School was a group of English poets: Samuel Taylor Coleridge, RobertSouthey, and William Wordsworth. They lived in the “lake district” in northwestern England. This group was part of the romantic movement of the late 1700?s and early 1800?s. They were inspired by the French revolution and theEnglish Industrial Revolution. They made bold experiments on poetry writing, no matter no poetry language seeking or subjects. Wordsworth was regarded as “worshipper of nature”. Coleridge was not only a poet but also a critic. While Southey pay more his attention to his democratic community in America known as “Pant isocracy”. Key words: The Romantic Period, Nature, Super nature, Imagination, Innovation, Simple language, Inner world, Spirit, Common life, Democratic, Pant isocracy
英国文学简史期末考试复习要点
一、中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485） ?《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf） ?《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ) 杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer) “英国诗歌之父”。（Father of English Poetry） 《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales） 二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初） ?托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More ） 《乌托邦》（Utopia） ?埃德蒙·斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser） 《仙后》（The Faerie Queene) ?弗兰西斯·培根（Francis Bacon） 《论说文集》（Essays) 克里斯托弗·马洛 Christopher Marlowe ?《帖木儿大帝》（Tamburlaine） ?《浮士德博士的悲剧》（The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Dr. Faustus） ?《马耳他岛的犹太人》（The Jew of Malta） 威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare ） 《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet） SONNET18 三、17世纪文学 约翰·弥尔顿 John Milton 《失乐园》（Paradise Lost） ?约翰·班扬（John Bunyan） 《天路历程》（The Pilgrim’s Progress） 四、启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期） 18世纪初，新古典主义成为时尚。新古典主义推崇理性，强调明晰、对称、节制、优雅，追求艺术形式的完美与和谐。 亚历山大·蒲柏（Alexander Pope）是新古典主义诗歌的代表。 ?乔纳森·斯威夫特 Jonathan Swift 《格列佛 ?丹尼尔·笛福 Daniel Defoe 英国小说之父 《鲁滨孙漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe） ?亨利·菲尔丁 Henry Fielding 《汤姆·琼斯》（Tom Jones） ?乔纳森·斯威夫特 Jonathan Swift 《格列佛游记》Gulliver’s Travels ?亨利·菲尔丁 Henry Fielding 《汤姆·琼斯》（Tom Jones） 托马斯·格雷 Thomas Gray 《墓园哀歌》（Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard） 五、浪漫主义时期文学（1798-1832） ?罗伯特·彭斯 Robert Burns ?威廉·布莱克 William Blake ?威廉·华兹华斯 William Wordsworth ?塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治 Samuel Taylor Coleridge 《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads）
英国文学复习资料 1、All of the following are the most eminent dramatists in the Renaissance England except___d___. a. William Shakespeare b. Ben Jonson c. Christopher Marlowe d. Francis Bacon essayist 2. The English Renaissance period was an age of ___a______. a. poetry and drama b. drama and novel c. novel and poetry d. romance and poetry 3. Which of the following is not among Shakespeare’s four great tragedies? b a. Hamlet b. Romeo and Juliet c. Macbeth d. King Lear 4. _a_____is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England. a. Francis Bacon b. Edmund Spenser c. Willam Carxton d. Sidney 5. What flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature? b a. novel b.drama c. essay d. poetry 6. William Shakespeare is one of the gaints of________d a. Romanticism b. critical realism c. Aetheticism d. the Renaissance 7. Paradise Lost is the masterpiese of_____c_______ a. William Shakespeare b. Robert Buns
《英国文学史及选读》课程教学大纲 一．课程基本情况： 1．编号：01015065, 01015096 (翻译方向)； 02015055,02015106 (教育方向) 2．层次与学制：本科, 四年制 3．总学时：68 4．学期与周学时：第五，六学期；周学时: 2 5．学分：2 6．执笔人：夏丹 二、课程性质与任务： 本课程为英语（翻译，教育方向）专业必修课。 该门课程在英语专业人才培养中旨在使学生从英国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，掌握英国文学各个时期的主要文学、文化思潮，文学流派，主要作家及其代表作，同时帮助学生对英国文学的发展有深刻的了解和认识，并通过介绍一些最基本的文化理论和批评方法，对部分在思想上艺术上有代表性，有影响的作家及作品进行分析、导读，增强学生对英国文学的形成和发展的理解，提高他们对文学作品的鉴赏能力和文学修养。 三、课程的基本要求 1．课程的要求：学完本课程，学生应该掌握如下能力： ①对于英国文学史有整体性的把握； ②掌握分析和鉴赏文学作品的能力； ③独立完成千字左右的文学作品评析的英文论文； ④掌握文学概念和相关文学流派的专业知识。 2．质量标准：在第五学期完成英国文学史中从中古时期到启蒙时期的文学流派及相关作家，完成两篇以上的英文作品分析论文；第六学期完成从浪漫主义时期到现代主义文学相关内容的学习，并整体把握整个英国文学史的脉络，完成三篇以上的英文作品分析论文。同时检验学生是否了解、认识英国文学各个时期的主要文化、文学流派、主要作家及其代表作品，了解英国文学的发展历史，并能够用最基本的文化理论和批评方法，理解、分析文学作品，提高文学鉴赏力、语言表达能力，提高文学修养。 四、课程内容与学时分配 第五学期： 第一章序言 (2 学时) 使学生对英国文学史和主要流派具有提纲挈领的认识。 第二章中古世纪时期（2学时） 使学生掌握英国文学的起源及其形式和主要代表作品 第三章杰弗里?乔叟 (2学时)
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s