―医学影像诊断学‖专业英语学习技巧（1）
—词根、前后缀和常见疾病病名篇
为了配合学生们学习―医学影像诊断学‖专业英语，本人根据自己的教学经验，总结出如下技巧，供同学们参考。
医学影像诊断学专业英语学习中的技巧包括：
l 熟记常用的词根、前后缀和病名
l 熟记常用的高频词和句型
l 熟记全文阅读中的关键词
l 结合专业知识进行阅读和猜测
本文针对这几个方面提供了如下相关内容，供同学们参考。
常用的词根、前后缀和常见疾病病名
Why Do We Study Medical Terminology?
The number of Medical words are enormous. How many medical words are there in a medium-sized medical dictionary? The answer is around 100,000, which is only a conservative estimate. Moreover, like the jargon（行话）in all forward-moving fields, the number is expanding so constantly and quickly that it defies 藐视any memorization!Most medical terms are based on Greek and Latinwords, which are
consistent 一致的and uniform 统一的throughout manydifferent areas. These Greek and Latin parts of words are called the root, prefix, suffix, combing vowels and combining forms.The root, prefix, suffix can aid in learning and remembering medical terms and even help in making informed guesses as to the meaning of unfamiliar words.Furthermore, their numbers are limited, about 400 to 500 or so (the most active ones), but the combinations derived from them are enormous. From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably reach the conclusion that to learn the root, prefix, suffix is much more efficient and meaningful than to try to memorize every medical term.
?
?adeno-腺
?angio- 血管
?arterio－动脉
?arthro-关节
?atrio-心房;
?bi-双,生，生命
?blastoma－胚细胞瘤
?carcino－癌
?card-, cardio-,心,贲门
?centesis-穿刺术
?cephal-, cephalo-头
?chondr-;chondrio-软骨；?chromato-; chrom-; chromo-色?colon-结肠
?cranio-颅
?cyano-青紫，绀
?cysto-囊肿，膀胱；
?cyto-细胞
?dendron-树突
?derma－皮，皮肤
?diplo-双,两
?dys –不良，困难，障碍?enteric-肠
?exo-外
?fibro－纤维
?ganglio-神经节
?glio－：胶质；
?glyco- gluco- 糖，甜
?gon－精液，种子，膝；?graphy--书写，记录，摄影?hemi-半;
?hemo-,haemo- 血
?hepato-肝
?histo－组织
?hyper－高，多，超；?hystero-子宫,癔病
?iatro-医师,医学
?idio-自发，特异；
?infra－在下；
?inter-间;
?intra-－内，在内；
?latero-侧，旁
?leio-平滑
?lingo-舌
?lysis－；lyso-溶解
? -megaly大；
?meningo－脑膜，脊膜；?meno-月经
?meta－变，转
?meta－间位,偏位,变,转,后,旁,次?mito-线
?mono－单，一
?morpho－形态，形
?muco－黏液
?multi－多
?myelo-, myel-，髓，脊髓?myo-肌
?necro－坏死，尸体?nephro-肾
?neuro/neur-神经?oligo－少；
?osteo－骨；
?-plasty 成形术?pneumo-气，气体，呼吸?poly－多
?pseudo-假
?pulmo -肺
?pyelo－肾盂
?pykno-致密
?pyloro-幽门;
?rectal-直肠的
?renal 肾的
?retro-后，向后，在后?salpingo-管,咽鼓管,输卵管?sarco-肉，肌
?scope，镜
?semi－半
?sphero-球
?sterno-胸骨
?sub--下，在下，次，亚?supra-:上
?supra－tentorial 幕上的
?thoraco-胸
?thrombo-－血栓
?-tomy,切开术
?toxico- 毒
?trans-经，越，横过，
?tri－三
?uni-一，单；
?urino-, uro-, ur-,urono-尿
?varico- 静脉曲张
?vaso- 血管
?veno－静脉
?ventriculo－（脑，心）室
?vertebro- 椎骨，脊柱
?adenoma 腺瘤
?adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症?adnexitis 子宫附件炎
?air bronchogram 支气管气像
?aortic regurgitation 主动脉关闭不全?aortic stenosis 主动脉狭窄?arteriovenous malformation 动静脉畸形?arthropathy 关节病
?astrocytoma 星形细胞瘤?atelectasis 肺不张
?atrial septal defect房间隔缺损
?arteriovenous fistulae , AVF 动静脉瘘?bronchial foreign body支气管异物?bronchiectasis 支气管扩张
?bronchiolitis 细支气管炎
?cerebral Infarction 脑梗死
?chondroma 软骨瘤
?colonoscopy 结肠镜检查术
?congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭?consolidation 肺实变
?coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病?craniopharyngioma 颅咽管瘤
?DWI 扩散成像
?emphysema 肺气肿
?ependymoma 室管膜瘤.
?epidural haematoma 硬脑膜外血肿
?filling defect 充盈缺损
?four chamber subcostal view 剑突下四腔心?gastric ulcer 胃溃疡
?giant cell tumor of bone 骨巨细胞瘤?glioblastoma 恶性胶质瘤
?glioma 胶质瘤
?hepatic cavernous haemangioma 肝海绵状血管瘤?hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞肝癌
?hepatomegaly 肝肿大
?inferior vena cava 下腔静脉
?infertility 不孕症,
?intraluminal crater 腔内龛影
?mediastinal thyroid mass 胸内甲状腺
?MIP: Maximum Intensity Projection 最大密度投影?MPR: Multiple Plannar Reconstruction 多平面重组?musculoskeletal 骨肌的
?nephrohydrosis 肾积水
?nephrolithiasis 肾石病
?niche 龛影
?Oligodendroglioma 少突胶质胞瘤
?osteiod osteoma骨样骨瘤
?osteochondroma 骨软骨瘤
?osteomalacia 骨软化症
?osteoma 骨瘤
?osteoporosis 骨质疏松症
?osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤
?osteosclerosis 骨硬化
?patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭?pericarditis 心包炎
?pleural effusion 胸腔积液
?pleural thickening 胸膜肥厚
?pneumothorax 气胸
?prostatic adenocarcinoma 前列腺癌?prostitis 前列腺炎
?prostomegaly 前列腺肥大
?pulmonary arterial hypertension 肺动脉高压?pulmonary artery stenosis 肺动脉狭窄?pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞?pulmonary oligaemia 肺少血?pulmonary valve stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄?pyloritis 幽门炎
?pylorostenosis, 幽门狭窄
?pylorus 幽门
?renal cell carcinoma 肾细胞癌
?rheumatic heart disease 风湿性心脏病?sequestrum 死骨片
?splenomegaly 脾肿大
?SSD:Shaded Surface Display 表面遮盖显示?subarachnoid haemorrhage 蛛网膜下腔出血?subdural haematoma 硬脑膜下血肿?superior vena cava 上腔静脉.
?Tetralogy of Fallot 法洛氏四联症
?the lesser curvature 胃小弯?thromboembolism 血栓栓塞?thrombolysis 血栓溶解?thrombophlebitis 血栓性静脉炎
?thymoma 胸腺瘤
?ulcerating carcinoma 溃疡性癌
?uterine leiomyoma 子宫肌瘤
?VE: Virtural Endoscopy 仿真内窥镜
?ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损
?VR: Volume-Rendering Technique 容积再现
―医学影像诊断学‖专业英语学习技巧（2）
—高频词、短语和常用句型篇
对病变描述常用的高频词和短语
l 形态：
round，oval , ovoid, tubular , lobulated , spherical shape 圆形，卵圆形，管状的，分叶的, 球形
irregular configuration 形态不规则
bulging 凸出的
l 性质：cystic, solid , complex 囊性，实性，混合性
l 质地：homogeneous/ heterogeneous/
inhomogeneous 均匀，不均匀
l 边界：
界限清楚well-defined /well circumscribed(限制) / sharply delineated borders/ sharply
marginated 具有明显边缘的
界限不清楚 ill-defined/ poor-defined /
unsharp borders/
边界不规则irregular border
轮廓清晰smooth contour
有囊包着的encapsulated
?扫描的方位：axial / coronal/ sagittal 横、矢、冠状位
与X线有关的常用高频词和短语
?fluoroscopy X线透视检查
?plain radiograph 平片
?chest film 胸片
?PA chest radiograph 后前位胸片
?lateral chest radiograph 侧位胸片
?the lateral film 侧位片
?increased pulmonary vascular markings 肺纹理增多
?reduction of lung markings 肺纹理减少
?paucity of vascular markings ( 肺)纹理减少
?on barium studies of the gastrointestinal system 胃肠钡餐透视
?on barium esophagogram. 食道钡餐透视
The most frequent feature of the plain radiograph is dilatation of the ascending aorta
与CT线有关的常用高频词和短语
密度的描述：
?isoattenuating / isodense 等密度
? hyperattenuating/ hyperdense / high attenuation 高密度
? hypoattenuating/ low attenuation / hypodense/ 低密度
?mixed densities 混合密度
? attenuation close to that of water 近似水的密度
?CT 平扫on precontrast CT/ unenhanced CT :
强化CT contrast CT/enhanced CT
C T扫描序列
?The most widely used protocol实验设计，序列for bronchiectasis consists of 1 - 1.5 mm collimation scans every 10 mm from the lung apex to the diaphragm.
与MR有关的常用高频词和短语
信号的描述：
l 高/低/等/混合/不均匀信号：hyperintense
/hypointense/isointense/iso-hyperintens/ mixed density /mixed signal of hyperintensity /heterogeneously mass on T1WI/ T2WI ;
l 信号流空signal void
l On MR the cyst is typically low signal on T1WI and high on T2WI.
囊肿的磁共振典型表现是T1WI低信号、高信号T2WI
与MR检查技术的评价有关的常用句型
?The tumor is hypointense on T1WI and inhomogeneously hyperintense on T2 WI 肿瘤在T1WI 为低信号，在T2WI 为不均匀的高信号
?Magnetic resonance imaging is the optimal 理想的technique for detecting abnormalities of the aortic sinuses, annulus瓣环, and ascending aorta associated with aortic regurgitation
l MR angiography is now used for identifying coronary artery anomalies and determining coronary bypass graft 旁路移植术，搭桥术patency开放.
l A tumor capsule may be visible in isoattenuating lesions
与强化有关的高频词、常用短语和句型
l 轻度/中度/明显/均匀/不均匀/斑片状/边缘-----强化mild /moderate/marked/ inhomogeneous /homogeneous enhancement. /patchy / rim enhancement
l 轻到中度强化Enhancement is mild to moderate ;
l 注入对比剂后无强化the absence of enhancement after intravenous injection of gadolinium
l 静脉注入对比剂后:
following intravenous contrast medium administration./ Following contrast enhancement/ following contrast injection/ intravenous contrast / following gadolinium injection.
l 选择性碘离子对比剂注射后
after selective injection of iodinated contrast media
? They may enhance homogeneously 它们均匀强化
?Enhancement is mild to moderate and inhomogeneous. 轻到中度强化
?The patchy enhancement may persist 持续for several minutes.
斑片状强化可持续几分钟
? A homogeneous marked enhancement is observed following contrast injection
明显均匀强化
与超声有关的常用高频词和短语
US: 回声的描述
l echogenic/ hyperechioc /echo-rich 强回声
l echopenic /hypoechioc/ echo-poor 低回声
l anechoic 无回声
l isoechoic 等回声
l mixed pattern of echogenicity 混合回声
l dorsal acoustic shadowing 后方声影
There is markedly hyperechoic lesion without dorsal acoustic shadowing（声影）.超声检查方法评价有关句型
? Echocardiography, two-dimensional and Doppler, are the most frequently employed modality for最常用的the diagnosis and assessment of severity of aortic stenosis.
?It is also the preferred method for首选的monitoring the dimension of the sinus and ascending aorta in patients with aortoannular ectasia扩张as the cause of aortic regurgitation.
与介入有关的常用高频词、短语和句型
? DSA( Digital Subtraction Angiography) 数字减影
? Seldinger technique Seldinger 技术
? to be inserted percutaneously 经皮穿刺
?Selective coronary arteriography is performed （行）using specially shaped catheters.
?The most frequently used catheters are the Judkins catheters for the right and left coronary arteries.
?These catheters are inserted percutaneously into the femoral artery employing the Seldinger technique.
?Balloon dilatation of the valve is now the preferred procedure
? A multihole catheter is introduced into the femoral vein and passed through the right heart using fluoroscopic guidance
?Contrast media is injected into the main pulmonary artery for the diagnosis of congenital heart disease
?Pulmonary angiography has long been recommended as the procedure of choice in the patient with a suspected diagnosis of PE
描述CT/ MR/US―（可/不很好/清楚的）显示‖这类影像学表现的常用动词和句型
有主动语态、被动语态和形容词三种形式
?主动语态译法：― CT/MR/US可很好的显示….;‖
例句：
?Cine MR image in axial plane during systole depicts（显示）a signal
void emanating 发出from the mitral valve. The signal void represents mitral regurgitation
?被动语态译法：―(影像学的表现)显示为…‖
例句：The HCC is depicted（显示）as a hyperattenuating, unsharply limited, multifocal lesion
?形容词形式句型译法
例句：However, it may be nondepictable （不显示）on chest radiography and only demonstrated on CT scans.
如下是更多的常用于表示―显示‖的动词和主动、被动语态、形容词形式的例句
?PA chest radiograph shows（显示）overinflation of the left hemithorax（半侧胸廓）
?CT scan clearly shows（显示）the hyperdensity of the subarachnoid spaces…?Plain film radiographs can reveal （显示）widening of the internal auditory canal;
?Ultrasound examination of the liver demonstrates （显示）a slightly hypoechoic lesion with sharply delineated borders, oval shape and no dorsal acoustic enhancement.
?But in more central areas of the liver is not demonstrated （显示）well on CT
?Tricuspid regurgitation can be demonstrated（显示）by colour flow mapping or Doppler echocardiography.
? A substantial number, however, of cavernous haemangioma display （显示）a more "atypical" contrast enhancement pattern
?Cirrhosis is well displayed on CT
? A homogeneous marked enhancement is observed（显示）following contrast injection
?Following contrast enhancement an inhomogeneous degree of enhancement of the liver parenchyma is observed（显示）in the cirrhotic liver.
?On barium studies of the gastrointestinal system displacement of the stomach, duodenum and colon secondary to the changes in liver volume and morphology will be noted（显示）
?Colour Doppler sonography visualizes routinely the high vascularization（血管化）of HCC
?The enhancing walls of the thrombosed veins can be visualized （可被显示为…）
? A tumor capsule may be visible in isoattenuating lesions
?The intraventricular haemorrhage on the left side is well appreciated as（可被显示）hyperintense.
?Contour deformity(畸形) may be detectable（显示）in lesions
?An extracranial subgaleal（帽状腱膜下的)haematoma on the left side is also present. （显示/有）
?Intrahepatic biliary duct dilatation can also be seen on precontrast CT .
?Inhomogeneous enhancement （不均匀强化）of the solid components of the tumor is seen. （可被显示/可见）
?The HCC is depicted（可被显示）as a hyperattenuating, unsharply limited, multifocal lesion
?Cine MR image in axial plane during systole depicts（显示）a signal
void emanating 发出from the mitral valve. The signal void represents mitral regurgitation
?However, it may be nondepictable （不显示）on chest radiography and only demonstrated on CT scans.
?Calcification is readily容易的identified on fluoroscopy but only dense calcification is recognized（显示）on plain radiography.
?Grade II PVH is indicated by（显示）Kerley B lines and other signs of thickened interlobular septa
?It also discloses （显示）a malalignment 排列错乱的type of ventricular septal defect.
医学影像诊断学专业英语学习技巧（3）
—―首先找出每段落的关键词‖篇
全文阅读技巧：
?在全文阅读中首先找到每段中的关键词，就知道该段落重要讲述的内容是啥。然后结合专业知识进行阅读和猜测。
?全文阅读中一般是按照如下顺序进行写作和排列的。
?Definition （Introduction of a disease）：定义
例句：Subarachnoid haemorrhage is an acute extravasation溢出of blood into the subarachnoid space
?Incidence: prevalence 发生率，发病率,患病率
例句：
The incidence of oligodendrogliomas is 57% of all primary intracranial
tum ors , …..
Cavernous haemangioma (CH) is more frequently seen in females than in males
Primary PAH肺动脉高压occurs most frequently in young women
?Aetiology./Causes/ As for aetiology,: 病因学
例句：
The main causes of infarction are atherosclerotic occlusion of large vessels, ….
The main aetiological factors of HCC are cirrhosis, hepatitis B and C infection and carcinogens（致癌物质）
There are many causes and conditions associated with bronchiectasis
?Pathology/Pathologically/ Histologically: 病理学/组织学
例句：
Pathologically oligodendrogliomas少突神经胶质细胞瘤are solid, infiltrative lesions with poorly defined borders.
?Pathogenesis: 发病机制
l Classification/ The classic histological classification includes/To be classified as…/ To be divided into/ :分型和分类
例句：
?Intracranial haematomas can be classified according to location, age and aetiology.
? Astrocytomas are divided into diffuse (or infiltrative) and localized (or noninfiltrative).
? Each category comprises a group of tumors.
? A more recent classification by the World Health Organization (WHO) divides meningiomas into: typical “benign”, atypical and anaplastic间变的，退行发育的.
?Clinical presentations / Clinical features/ Clinical manifestations include:…/ Clini cal presentation is characterized by…/ classical features
临床表现、特点
例句：
?The common clinical presentation is usually seizures and headache:…,?Clinical presentation is characterized by vomiting:
?Gliomas clinically manifest either with focal neurological deficits or seizures,?The classical features of patients are rarely observed
?Clinically patients are often completely asymptomatic
?Physical Examination (Physical findings)物理检查:
physical signs 体征
?Radiological appearance/ Radiological findings/ Radiologically / cardinal 主要的sign/ Radiographic features include /CT/ MR appearance / On CT/ On
MR/: X线/ CT/ MR表现/征象/特点/是/包括：
例句：
?Radiographic features include changes in the diaphragm
?The CT appearance is characterized by the hyperdensity of the coarse calcifications
?The CT appearance of a microadenoma is that of an iso- or slightly hypodense nodule of few mm in diameter within the pituitary gland
?The cardinal 主要的sign of bronchiectasis is dilatation of the bronchi with or without bronchial wall thickening.
?Radiological findings are non-specific
?The MR appearance of a haematoma at different stages is less straightforward 率直的….
? A macroscopic radiological appearance of a brain tumor may vary tremendously according to size, histology and location.
?most characteristic appearance is that…..
?On MRI cavernous haemangioma appear as well-defined lesions, with smooth borders and slightly lobulated shape.
?Laboratory studies 实验室检查
?Diagnosis 诊断 to make /establish a diagnosis 做出诊断
例句：
?The diagnosis is usually made by a high resolution CT
examination
可通过…..作出诊断
documentary (film) 記錄片,文獻片 filmdom 電影界 literary film 文藝片 musicals 音樂片 comedy 喜劇片 tragedy 悲劇片 dracula movie 恐怖片 sowordsmen film 武俠片 detective film 偵探片 ethical film 倫理片 affectional film 愛情片 erotic film 黃色片 western movies 西部片 film d’avant-garde 前衛片 serial 系列片 trailer 預告片 cartoon (film) 卡通片,動畫片 footage 影片長度 full-length film, feature film 長片 short(film) 短片 colour film 彩色片(美作:color film) silent film 默片,無聲片 dubbed film 配音複制の影 片,譯制片 silent cinema, silent films 無 聲電影 sound motion picture, talkie 有聲電影 cinemascope, CinemaScope 西涅瑪斯科普型立體聲寬 銀幕電影,變形鏡頭式寬銀 幕電影 cinerama, Cinerama 西涅拉 瑪型立體聲寬銀幕電影,全 景電影 title 片名 original version 原著 dialogue 對白 subtitles, subtitling 字幕 credits, credit titles 對原作 者及其他有貢獻者の謝啟 和姓名 telefilm 電視片 演員actors cast 陣容 film star, movie star 電影明 星 star, lead 主角 double, stand-in 替身演員 stunt man 特技替身演員 extra, walker-on 臨時演員 character actor 性格演員 regular player 基本演員 extra 特別客串 film star 電影明星 film actor 男電影明星 film actress 女電影明星 support 配角 util 跑龍套 工作人員technicians adapter 改編 scenarist, scriptwriter 腳本 作者 dialogue writer 對白作者 production manager 制片人 producer 制片主任 film director 導演 assistant director 副導演,助 理導演 cameraman, set photographer 攝影師
英文词语缩写词 术语 ANSI America national standard institution 美 国标准协会 AQLA Cceptable quality level 品质允收水准 BOM Bill of material 物料清单 BSI British standard institution 英国标准协会 纠正措施要求单CAR Corrective action record 中心线 CL Center line 工程能力指数 Cp Capability indices Cpk Capadility indices / bias 工程能力指数/ 有 偏置 设计工程 DE Design engineering 工程更改通知 ECN Engineering change note EMS Environment managenent system 环境管理体系 最终品质保证 FQA Final quality assurance 最终品质控制 FQC Final quality control 国家标准 GB Guojia biaozhun IE Industry engineering 工业工程
IPQA Inprocess quality assurance IPQC Inprocess quality control IQA Inprocess quality assurance IQC Inprocess quality control IS International standard ISO International standard 准化组织 制程品质保证 制程品质控制 来料品质保证 来料品质控制 国际标准organization 国际标 JIT Just in time 必须时间 JIS Japan industy standard 日本工业标准 KFQ Korean foundation for quality 韩国质量财团LCL Low contral line 下控制线 MRBM Aterial return bill 返纳物料清单 OJT On job for training 岗位培训 OQA Outgoing quality assurance 出货品质保证OQC Outgoing quality control 出货品质控制 P/L Part list 物料清单 P/N Part number 部品号 P/O Purchase order 采购订单 PE Production 生产工程 PMC Production material control 生产物料控制P.P Pilot production 试验产品 P.S Pilot sample 试验样品
----------------------- Page 1----------------------- a 前缀无 ab 前缀从...离开acantho 词根棘，刺acetabulo 词根髋臼 acouo 词根听觉 acro 词根顶，肢 acromio 词根肩峰 ad 前缀向...靠近，到...上adeno 词根腺 adipo 词根脂肪的 adreno 词根肾上腺 aero 词根气 agglutino 词根凝集 agra 后缀严重的疼痛 albo 前缀白 algesi 词根痛觉的感受 algia 后缀痛 alveolo 词根肺泡 alveolo 词根牙槽 amnio 词根羊膜 amphi 前缀两侧
ampullo 词根壶腹 amylo 词根淀粉 an 前缀无 ana 前缀向上，重回到andro 词根雄aneurysmo 词根异常扩大angino 词根阻塞 ankylo 词根弯曲 ano 词根肛门 ante 前缀在前 anti 前缀抗 aorto 词根主动脉 apico 词根顶 apo 前缀离去，从appendico 词根阑尾appendo 词根阑尾 aquo 词根水 arterio 词根动脉 arteriolo 词根小动脉 arthro 词根关节 articulo 词根关节 ase 后缀酶
----------------------- Page 2----------------------- astro 词根星 atelo 词根不完全的，有缺陷的athero 词根脂肪堆积 atrio 词根腔 audio 词根听觉 auro 词根耳 auro 词根金 auto 前缀自 axio 词根轴 balano 词根龟头 bary 前缀重、压 baso 词根碱 bi 前缀双，倍 bili 词根胆汁 blast 后缀母细胞 blenno 词根粘液 blepharo 词根睑 brachy 词根短 bronchio 词根支气管 bronchiolo 词根细支气管 broncho 词根支气管
缩写词英文词语术语 ANSI America national standard institution 美国标准协会 AQLA Cceptable quality level 品质允收水准 BOM Bill of material 物料清单 BSI British standard institution 英国标准协会 CAR Corrective action record 纠正措施要求单 CL Center line 中心线 Cp Capability indices 工程能力指数 Cpk Capadility indices / bias 工程能力指数/有偏置 DE Design engineering 设计工程 ECN Engineering change note 工程更改通知 EMS Environment managenent system 环境管理体系 FQA Final quality assurance 最终品质保证 FQC Final quality control 最终品质控制 GB Guojia biaozhun 国家标准 IE Industry engineering 工业工程 IPQA Inprocess quality assurance 制程品质保证 IPQC Inprocess quality control 制程品质控制 IQA Inprocess quality assurance 来料品质保证 IQC Inprocess quality control 来料品质控制 IS International standard 国际标准 ISO International standard organization 国际标准化组织 JIT Just in time 必须时间 JIS Japan industy standard 日本工业标准 KFQ Korean foundation for quality 韩国质量财团 LCL Low contral line 下控制线 MRBM Aterial return bill 返纳物料清单 OJT On job for training 岗位培训 OQA Outgoing quality assurance 出货品质保证 OQC Outgoing quality control 出货品质控制 P/L Part list 物料清单 P/N Part number 部品号 P/O Purchase order 采购订单 PE Production 生产工程 PMC Production material control 生产物料控制 Pilot production 试验产品 Pilot sample 试验样品 PPM Part per million 百万分率 QA Quality assurance 品质保证 QC Quality control 品质控制 QE Quality engineering 品质工程 QMS Quality managenent system 质量管理体系
质量管理专业英语&专业词汇 序号英文缩写中文名称英文全称 1 SPC 统计制程管制Statistical Process Control 2 USL 规格上限Upper Specification Limit 3 LSL 规格下限Lower Specification Limit 4 UCL 管制上限Upper control limit 5 LCL 管制下限Lower control limit 6 PCL 前置管制中心限Per-control Central Limit 7 UPCL 前置管制上限Upper Per-control Limit 8 LPCL 前置管制下限Lower Per-control Limit 9 Ca 10 Cp 潜在过程能力指数Capability 11 Pp 12 Ppk 13 CIP 持续改进过程模式Continuous Improvement Process Model 14 ANOVA 变异数分析Analysis of Variance 15 BSC 平衡计分卡Balanced Scoredoard 16信赖区间Confidence interval 17管制图Control chart 18 CTQ 品质关键Critical to quality 19 DPMO 每百万个机会的缺点数Defects per million opportunities 20 DPM 每百万单位的缺点数Defects per million 21 DPU 单位缺点数Defects per unit1 22 DFSS 六个希格玛设计Design for six sigma 23 DOE 实验设计Design of experiment 24制造设计Design of manufactring 25 FMEA 故障型态与效应分析Failure mode and effect analysis 26故障率Failure rate 27 Gage R&R 量规重复能力与重制能力Gage repeatability & reproducibility 28直方图Histogram 29假设检定Hypothesis testing 30 KM 知识管理Knowledge Management 31 MRP 物料需求规划Material require planning 32常态分配Normal distribution 33 QFD 品质机能展开Quality function deployment 34 6σ六个希格玛Six Sigma 35 σ, s 标准差Standard deviation 36 σ2, S2 变异数Variance 37 ABC 作业制成本制度Activity-Based Costing 38 BTF 计划生产Build To Forecast 39 BTO 订单生产Build To Order 40 CPM 要径法Critical Path Method 41 CPM 每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨Complaint per Million 42 CRM 客户关系管理Customer Relationship Management 43 CRP 产能需求规划Capacity Requirements Planning
老师给的医学英语词根，对不起老师了~~ 2010-07-22 21:54:44来自: spect(士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远！) 1．人体主要器官前缀 名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例 心heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology 脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology 肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology 肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology 胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology 胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy 肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology 脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology 胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy 肾kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology 2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀 名称通用名前（后）缀示例 血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma 血管vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular 静脉vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction 动脉artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis 髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron 细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte 尿urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital 体body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome 3．与数字有关的前缀 数字前缀示例 一（单）mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional
Film 种类 action/adventure 动作冒险片comedy 喜剧 horror 恐怖片 tragedy 悲剧片suspense thriller 悬疑片musical 音乐喜剧science fiction 科幻片westerns 西部片documentary 纪录片 classic film 经典电影animated cartoon 动画片Animation 动画片。Crime 犯罪电影Drama 文艺片Fantasy 神话剧 Film-Noir 黑色电影Mystery 悬念片Romance 浪漫的爱情电影Sci-Fi 科幻电影Thriller 惊栗片 War 战争片 Adult 成人电影 Short 电影短片Family 家庭 film, motion picture (美作:movie) 影片,电影newsreel 新闻片,纪录片filmdom 电影界literary film 文艺片dracula movie 恐怖片sowordsmen film 武侠片detective film 侦察片ethical film 伦理片affectional film 爱情片 erotic film 黄色片 serial 系列片 trailer 预告片cartoon (film) 卡通片,动画片
footage 影片长度 full-length film, feature film 长片 short(film) 短片 colour film (美作:color film) 彩色片 silent film 默片,无声片 dubbed film 配音复制的影片,译制片 silent cinema, silent films 无声电影 sound motion picture, talkie 有声电影 title 片名 original version 原著 dialogue 对白 subtitles, subtitling 字幕 credits, credit titles 对原作者及其他有贡献者的谢启和姓名telefilm 电视片 film industry 电影工业 art theatre 艺术影院 continuous performance cinema 循环场电影院 film society (美作:film club) 电影协会,电影俱乐部 film library 电影资料馆 premiere 首映式 film festival 电影节 distributor 发行人 Board of Censors 审查署 shooting schedule 摄制计划 censor's certificate 审查级别 release 准予上映 banned film 禁映影片 A-certificate A级(儿童不宜) U-certificate U级 X-certificate X级(成人级) camera 摄影机 shooting angle 拍摄角度 high angle shot 俯拍 long shot 远景 full shot 全景 close-up, close shot 特写,近景 medium shot 中景
质量管理体系中英文缩写与其解释 Engineering 工程 / Process 工序（制程） Man, Machine, Method, Material, 人，机器，方法，物料，环境- 可能导 4M&1E Environment 致或造成问题的根本原因 AI Automatic Insertion 自动插机 ASSY Assembly 制品装配 ATE Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备 BL Baseline 参照点 BM Benchmark 参照点
BOM Bill of Material 生产产品所用的物料清单 C&ED/C Cause and Effect Diagram 原因和效果图 AED CA Corrective Action 解决问题所采取的措施 电脑辅助设计.用于制图和设计3维物体 CAD Computer-aided Design 的软件 对文件的要求进行评审，批准，和更改 CCB Change Control Board 的小组 依照短期和长期改善的重要性来做持续 CI Continuous Improvement 改善 COB Chip on Board 邦定-线焊芯片到PCB板的装配方法. CT Cycle Time 完成任务所须的时间 DFM
Design for Manufacturability 产品的设计对装配的适合性 设计失效模式与后果分析--在设计阶段 Design Failure Mode and Effect DFMEA 预测问题的发生的可能性并且对之采取 Analysis 措施 六西格玛(6-Sigma)设计 -- 设计阶段预 DFSS Design for Six Sigma 测问题的发生的可能性并且对之采取措施并提高设计对装配的适合性 DFT Design for Test 产品的设计对测试的适合性 实验设计-- 用于证明某种情况是真实DOE Design of Experiment 的 根据一百万件所生产的产品来计算不良DPPM Defective Part Per Million 品的标准 Design Verification / Design
?a-[无，缺] ▲anemia[贫血] ▲ atonia[无张力] ▲ asymptomatic[无症状的] ▲ amenorrhea[闭经] ?ab-[分离] ▲ abduct [外展] ▲ abscision[切除] ?acou (acu)-[听觉] ▲ acumeter [听力计] ▲ acouophone[助听器] ?acro-[肢端] ▲ acromegaly[肢端肥大症] ▲ acromastitis[乳头炎] ?ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上] ▲ adrenal [肾上腺] ▲ adaxial[近轴的] ▲ annexa[附件] ?-ad[……侧] ▲ ventrad[向腹侧] ▲ cephalad[向头侧] ?adeno-[腺] ▲ adenocyte[腺细胞] ▲ adenoidism[腺体病] ?adipo-[脂肪] ▲ adiposis[肥胖症] ▲ adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死] ?adreno-[肾上腺] ▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素] ▲ adrenalin[肾上腺素] ▲ adrenal[肾上腺] ?-aemia(emia)[血症] ▲ bacteremia[菌血症] ▲ leukemia[白血病] ?-albi (albino)-[白色] ▲ albumin[白蛋白] ▲ albinism[白化病] ?-algesia[痛觉] ▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退] ?-algia[痛] ▲arthralgia[关节痛] ▲cephalgia[头痛] ▲neuralgia[神经痛] ?alkali-[碱] ▲alkalosis[碱中毒] ?alveo-[牙槽，小沟] ▲alveolitis[牙槽炎] ▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡 炎] ?ambi-[复，双] ▲ ambiopia[复视] ▲ ambivert[双重性格] ?ambly-[弱] ▲amblyopia[弱视] ▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝] ?amylo-[淀粉] ▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶] ▲amylase[淀粉酶] ?angio-[血管] ▲angiography[血管造影术] ▲angioedema[血管性水肿] ▲angeitis[脉管炎] ▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤] ?ante-[前] ▲antenatal[出生前的] ▲anteflexion[前屈] ?antero-[前] ▲anterolateral[前侧壁] ▲anteroventral[前腹侧] ?anti-[抗，反] ▲antibiotics[抗生素] ▲antihypertensives[降压药] ▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂] ?rarchno-[蛛网膜] ▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎] ?archo-[肛门，直肠] ▲archorrhagia[肛门出血] ▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器] ?arterio-[动脉] ▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛] ▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化] ?arthro-[关节] ▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺] ▲arthrotomy[关节切开术] ▲arthritis[关节炎] ?-ase[酶] ▲oxidase[氧化酶] ▲proteinase[蛋白酶] ?-asthenia[无力] ▲myasthenia[肌无力] ▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱] ?audio(audito)-[听力] ▲audiology[听觉学] ▲audiometer[听力计] ?auto-[自己] ▲autoimmune[自身免疫] ▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法] ?bacilli-[杆菌] ▲bacillosis[杆菌病] ▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全 在.线提供 ?bacterio-[细菌] ▲bacteriology[细菌学] ▲bactericide[杀菌剂] ?baro-[压力] ▲barometer [压力计] ▲baroreceptor[压力感受器] ?bary-[迟钝] ▲barylalia[言语不清] ▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝] ?bi-[双] ▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]] ▲bilateral[两侧的] ?bili-[胆汁] ▲bilirubin[胆红素] ?bio-[生命] ▲biology[生物学] ▲biopsy[活检] ?-blast[母细胞] ▲spermatoblast[精子细胞] ▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞] ▲osteoblast[成骨细胞] ?brachy-[短] ▲brachypnea[气短] ▲brachydactylia[短指畸形] ?brady-[迟缓] ▲bradycardia[心动过缓] ▲bradypsychia[精神不振] ?broncho-[支气管] ▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查] ▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]
质量管理体系中英文缩写与其解释Engineering 工程/ Process 工序 （制程） Man, Machine, Method, Material, 人，机器，方法，物料，环境- 可能导4M&1E Environment 致或造成问题的根本原因AI Automatic Insertion 自动插机ASSY Assembly 制品装配ATE Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备BL Baseline 参照点BM Benchmark 参照点BOM Bill of Material 生产产品所用的物料清单C&ED/C Cause and Effect Diagram 原因和效果图AED CA Corrective Action 解决问题所采取的措施电脑辅助设计.用于制图和设计 3 维物体CAD Computer-aided Design 的软件对文件的要求进行评审，批准，和更改CCB Change Control Board 的小组依照短期和长期改善的重要性来做持续CI Continuous Improvement 改善COB Chip on Board 邦定-线焊芯片到PCB 板的装配方法. CT Cycle Time 完成任务所须的时间 DFM Design for Manufacturability 产品的设计对装配的适合性设
计失效模式与后果分析--在设计阶段Design Failure Mode and Effect DFMEA 预测问题的发生的可能性并且对之采取Analysis 措施六西格玛(6-Sigma)设计-- 设计阶段预DFSS Design for Six Sigm测a 问题的发生的可能性并且对之采取措 施并提高设计对装配的适合性DFT Design for Test 产品的设计对测试的适合性实验设计-- 用于证明某种情况是真实DOE Design of Experiment 的根据一百万件所生产的产品来计算不良DPPM Defective Part Per Million 品的标准Design Verification / Design DV 设计确认Validation 客户要求的工程更改或内部所发出的工ECN Engineering Change Notice 程更改文件ECO Engineering Change Order 客户要求的工程更改静电发放-由两种不导电的物品一起摩ESD Electrostatic Discharge 擦而产生的静电可以破坏ICs和电子设备在生产线上或操作中由
常用医学英语词根词缀 1．人体主要器官前缀 名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例 心heart cardiao- cardial cardium / carditis / cardiology 脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum / encephalitis / encephalology 肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis / pulmonectomy / pulmonology 肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis / hepatobiliary / hepatology 胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis / gastrointestinal / gastrology 胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis / cholinergic / cholecystectomy 肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis / enterectomy / enterology 脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis / splenectomy / splenology 胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis / pancreatectomy 肾kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis / nephropathy / nephrology 2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀 名称通用名前（后）缀示例 血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma 血管vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular 静脉vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction 动脉artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis 髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron 细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte 尿urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital 体body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome 3．与数字有关的前缀 数字前缀示例 一（单）mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional 二bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide 三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve 四tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia 五penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride 六hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund 七hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent 八octa- octahedral/octal system 九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon 十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter 注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）
.. documentary (film) 记录片,文献片 filmdom 电影界 literary film 文艺片 musicals 音乐片 comedy 喜剧片 tragedy 悲剧片 dracula movie 恐怖片 sowordsmen film 武侠片 detective film 侦探片 ethical film 伦理片 affectional film 爱情片 erotic film 黄色片 western movies 西部片 film d’avant-garde 前卫片 serial 系列片 trailer 预告片 cartoon (film) 卡通片,动画片 footage 影片长度 full-length film, feature film 长片 short(film) 短片 colour film 彩色片(美作:color film) silent film 默片,无声片 dubbed film 配音复制的影 片,译制片 silent cinema, silent films 无 声电影 sound motion picture, talkie 有声电影 cinemascope, CinemaScope 西涅玛斯科普型立体声宽 银幕电影,变形镜头式宽银 幕电影 cinerama, Cinerama 西涅拉 玛型立体声宽银幕电影,全 景电影 title 片名 original version 原著 dialogue 对白 subtitles, subtitling 字幕 credits, credit titles 对原作 者及其他有贡献者的谢启 和姓名 telefilm 电视片 演员actors cast 阵容 film star, movie star 电影明 星 star, lead 主角 double, stand-in 替身演员 stunt man 特技替身演员 extra, walker-on 临时演员 character actor 性格演员 regular player 基本演员 extra 特别客串 film star 电影明星 film actor 男电影明星 film actress 女电影明星 support 配角 util 跑龙套 工作人员technicians adapter 改编 scenarist, scriptwriter 脚本 作者 dialogue writer 对白作者 production manager 制片人 producer 制片主任 film director 导演 assistant director 副导演,助 理导演 cameraman, set photographer 摄影师
质量管理英文缩写 质量人员名称类 QC quality control 品质管理人员 FQC fin al quality con trol 终点质量管理人员 IPQC in process quality con trol 制程中的质量管理人员 OQC output quality con trol 最终岀货质量管理人员 IQC in comi ng quality con trol 进料质量管理人员 TQC total quality con trol 全面质量管理 POC passage quality con trol 段检人员 QA quality assura nee 质量保证人员 OQA output quality assura nee 岀货质量保证人员 QE quality engin eeri ng 质量工程人员 质量保证类 FAI first article in specti on 新品首件检查 FAA first article assura nee 首件确认 CP capability in dex 能力指数 CPK capability process in dex 模具制程能力参数 SSQA sta ndardized supplier quality audit 合格供货商质量评估FMEA failure model effective ness an alysis 失效模式分析FQC运作类
AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收质量水平 S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小 ACC Accept 允收 REE Reject 拒收 CR Critical 极严重的 MAJ Major 主要的 MIN Minor 轻微的 Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务 P/N Part Number 料号 L/N Lot Number 批号 AOD Accept On Deviation 特采 UAI Use As It 特采 FPIR First Piece In spection Report 首件检查报告 PPM Perce nt Per Million 百万分之一 制程统计品管专类 SPC Statistical Process Co ntrol 统计制程管制 SQC Statistical Quality Co ntrol 统计质量管理 GRR Gauge Reproductive ness & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否 DIM Dime nsion 尺寸 DIA Diameter 直径
电影专业术语中英文对照 森森 来自: 森森2011-12-06 14:20:07 documentary (film) 记录片,文献片 filmdom 电影界 literary film 文艺片 musicals 音乐片 comedy 喜剧片 tragedy 悲剧片 dracula movie 恐怖片 sowordsmen film 武侠片 detective film 侦探片 ethical film 伦理片 affectional film 爱情片 erotic film 黄色片 western movies 西部片 film d’avant-garde 前卫片 serial 系列片 trailer 预告片 cartoon (film) 卡通片,动画片 footage 影片长度 full-length film, feature film 长片 short(film) 短片 colour film 彩色片(美作:color film)
silent film 默片,无声片 dubbed film 配音复制的影片,译制片 silent cinema, silent films 无声电影 sound motion picture, talkie 有声电影 cinemascope, CinemaScope 西涅玛斯科普型立体声宽银幕电影,变形镜头式宽银幕电影cinerama, Cinerama 西涅拉玛型立体声宽银幕电影,全景电影 title 片名 original version 原著 dialogue 对白 subtitles, subtitling 字幕 credits, credit titles 对原作者及其他有贡献者的谢启和姓名 telefilm 电视片 演员actors cast 阵容 film star, movie star 电影明星 star, lead 主角 double, stand-in 替身演员 stunt man 特技替身演员 extra, walker-on 临时演员 character actor 性格演员 regular player 基本演员 extra 特别客串
质量管理专业英语词汇 Absolute deviation, 绝对离差 Absolute number, 绝对数 Absolute residuals, 绝对残差 Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵 Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度 Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度 Acceleration vector, 加速度向量 Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设 Accumulation, 累积 Accuracy, 准确度 Actual frequency, 实际频数 Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量 Addition, 相加 Addition theorem, 加法定理 Additivity, 可加性 Adjusted rate, 调整率 Adjusted value, 校正值 Admissible error, 容许误差 Aggregation, 聚集性 Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设 Among groups, 组间 Amounts, 总量 Analysis of correlation, 相关分析 Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析 Analysis of regression, 回归分析
Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析 Analysis of variance, 方差分析 Angular transformation, 角转换 ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析 ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型 Arcing, 弧/弧旋 Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换 Area under the curve, 曲线面积 AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸 Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数 Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯关系 Assessing fit, 拟合的评估 Associative laws, 结合律 Asymmetric distribution, 非对称分布 Asymptotic bias, 渐近偏倚 Asymptotic efficiency, 渐近效率 Asymptotic variance, 渐近方差 Attributable risk, 归因危险度 Attribute data, 属性资料 Attribution, 属性 Autocorrelation, 自相关 Autocorrelation of residuals, 残差的自相关 Average, 平均数 Average confidence interval length, 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate, 平均增长率 Bar chart, 条形图 Bar graph, 条形图