Chapter 1 History
Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false.
1._________ In 43 A.D. Roman Emperor Julius Caesar invaded England. 答案：F
2.________ The month “July”, in fact, is named after Julius Caesar himself.
答案：T
3.________The best-known English legend, King Arthur, derives from the Anglo-Saxons’ time.
答案：T
4.________ Robin Hood is a story about the Viking invasion of England. 答案：F
5.________ In the early stage of the Hundred Years’ War, the English won great victories.
答案：T
6.________The ruling Normans regarded England as their home after the Hundred Years’ War.
答案：T
7.________ Henry VII ended the Wars of the Roses and founded the Tudor Monarchy.
答案：F
8.________ English drama flourished during Elizabeth I era.
答案：T
9.________ Oliver Cromwell believed in the old theory “Divine right of Kings”.
答案：F
10.________After World War II, the British economy became the 2nd largest power in the world.
答案：F
11. ________ American Indians came from India 25,000 years ago.
答案：F
12. ________ American Indians developed the brilliant culture of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.
答案：T
13. ________ Columbus was the first European to set foot in what was to be called America.
答案：T
14.________ America was named after the great discoverer Amerigo
Vespucci.
答案：T
15. ________ The first permanent English colony was founded in 1607 in Boston.
答案：F
16. ________ Thanksgiving Day came from Britain.
答案：F
17. ________ By the early 1760s, the English settlers had established 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast.
答案：T
18. ________The Declaration of Independence officially announced the independence of 13 North American colonies.
答案：T
19.________ Benjamin Franklin became the first American President.
答案：F
20. ________ The United States did not enter World War I.
答案：F
Fill in the blanks with the correct information.
1. The golden-haired ________ are the natives of Britain, who were later called the Briton.
答案: Celts
2. In 55 and 43 A.D. Britain was invaded twice by the ________.
答案: Romans
3. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the ________ century. 答案: 5th
4. In the late 8th century they experienced _______ invasion from Denmark and in _________ they suffered Norman Conquest.
答案: Viking; 1066
5. Joan of Arc is a famous national heroine of French in the ___________________.
答案: Hundred Years’ War
6. The Wars of the Roses were fought between the House of __________ and the House of Lancaster.
答案: York
7. The direct cause of King Henry VIII’s Religious Reformation was to _____ his wife.
答案: divorce
8. Charles I ruled the country without Parliament for _______ years.
答案: 11
9. ______________ was also known as the “Virgin Queen” and____________ had the longest rule in English history.
答案: Elizabeth I; Queen Victoria
10. After World War I, Britain was overtaken by__________.
答案: America
11. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of________.
答案: 1492
12. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established in ________ in the year of ________.
答案: Virginia; 1607
13. _________________ is a purely American holiday.
答案: Thanksgiving Day
14. By the 1760s, the English settlers had established _________ colonies
along the Atlantic coast.
答案: 13
15. ___________________ declared the birth of America.
答案: Declaration of Independence
16. Independence Day is celebrated on _________________.
答案: 4th of July
17. The book _____________________ aroused a great discontent over slavery.
答案:Uncle Tom’s Cabin
18. The American Civil War officially ended in the year of __________. 答案: 1865
19. After __________ the U.S. had changed from a debtor country to a creditor country.
答案: World War I
20. After __________ the U.S. became the strongest power in the world.答案: World War II
Choose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.
1. Which of the following is a famous prehistoric monument?
(a) Stonehenge
(b) Hadrian’s Wall
(c) Westminster Abby
(d) Tower of London
答案: (a)
2. ________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.
(a) The Romans
(b) The Anglo-Saxons
(c) The Vikings
(d) The Normans
答案: (b)
3. Which of the following is NOT part of Britain’s civilization brough t by Roman invasion?
(a) The names of English month came from Roman gods and rulers.
(b) They built towns, temples and roads.
(c) They built the Hardin’s Wall.
(d) They built Westminster Abby.
答案: (d)
4. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of ___________.
(a) Roman invasion
(b) Anglo-Saxons invasion
(c) Viking invasion
(d) Norman Conquest
答案: (c)
5. The Tower of London, located in the centre of London, was built by___________.
(a) King Harold
(b) Robin Hood
(c) Oliver Cromwell
(d) William the Conqueror
答案: (d)
6. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___________.
(a) the House of York
(b) the House of Lancaster
(c) the House of Tudor
(d) the House of Stuart
答案: (c)
7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between ____________.
(a) Nobles and peasants
(b) Roundheads and the Cavaliers
(c) Charles I and the Cavaliers
(d) House of York and House of Lancaster
答案: (b)
8. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the British Civil War?
(a) Charles I was executed.
(b) Charles II was exiled.
(c) The Commonwealth of England was formed.
(d) The Stuart kingdom was restored.
答案: (d)
9. Which of the following is NOT an achievement under the rule of Elizabeth I?
(a) Railways were built.
(b) The first settlers were sent to America.
(c) English drama and poetry thrived.
(d) The English navy defeated the Spanish Armada.
答案: (a)
10. Which of the following is NOT an achievement under the rule of Queen Victoria?
(a) Railways were built.
(b) Most people lived in villages and worked on the land.
(c) Factories and machines were built to meet people’s demand.
(d) Britain became the richest country in the world.
答案: (b)
11. Which of the following is NOT true about American Indians?
(a) They are descendants of Mongoloid.
(b) They crossed the Bering Strait to Alaska.
(c) They grew corn only.
(d) They developed brilliant civilizations.
答案: (c)
12. _______________ confirmed that a new continent rather than India was found.
(a) Christopher Columbus
(b) Amerigo Vespucci
(c) King James I
(d) Queen Elizabeth
答案: (b)
13. The Mayflower was a ship taken by _______________.
(a) Christopher Columbus
(b) Amerigo Vespucci
(c) a group of people who wanted to get hold of treasures
(d) a group of people who desired free religious practice
答案: (d)
14. Which of the following was a direct cause of Boston Tea Party in 1773?
(a) Quartering Act
(b) Stamp Act
(c) Tea Act
(d) Taxation on sugar and coffee
答案: (c)
15. Which of the following took the function of a national government in the War of
Independence?
(a) The First Continental Congress
(b) The Second Continental Congress
(c) The Confederate States
(d) The Union States
答案: (b)
16. "No taxation without representation" was the slogan of ___________.
(a) the settlers of Virginia
(b) the slaves of America
(c) the Indians of America
(d) the people of the 13 colonial Americans
答案: (d)
17. ___________ was the first president of the United States of America.
(a) Benjamin Franklin
(b) Thomas Jefferson
(c) George Washington
(d) Abraham Lincoln
答案: (c)
18. Which of the following was NOT a cause of American Civil War?
(a) Religious oppression
(b) Economic interests of the South and North
(c) Political conflict between the South and North
(d) Slavery
答案: (a)
19. ___________ granted freedom to all slaves in the U.S.
(a) The Quartering Act
(b) The Stamp Act
(c) The Declaration of Independence
(d) Emancipation Proclamation
答案: (d)
20. The Bombing of Pearl Harbor led to America’s involvement in ___________.
(a) the War of Independence
(b) the Civil War
(c) World War I
(d) World War II
答案: (d)
Explain the following terms.
1. The Anglo-Saxons
In the 5th century, the tribes called the Angles and Saxons invaded Britain, coming from northern Europe. By the end of the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain. Their language was called Old English. From them comes the name of “England” and “English”; England came from “Angle-land” meaning the land
of the Anglo-Saxons.
2. Norman Conquest
After King Edward died, Duke William of Normandy, from northern France, declared that Edward had promised to let him become the king. On October 14, 1066, William and his army invaded England and defeated the English army. He was made king and crowned in Westminster Abby on Christmas Day, 1066. William is often referred to as William the Conqueror in English history.
3. Robin Hood
England's best-loved legend of Robin Hood is an outlawed Saxon nobleman oppressed by the Normans. He hid in the forest near Sherwood with his band of followers, called “merry men”. From this se cret wood, they went out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. Robin Hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television series, books, comics and plays.
4. The Hundred Years’ War
At the beginning of the 14th century, England developed into a stronger state in Europe. Consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted to regain their lost land. When King Edward III of England declared that he should become the French king, the French rejected his claim so he declared war on France in 1337. The war lasted intermittently for 116 years, hence being known as the Hundred Years’ War.
5. The Civil War
In January 1642 the Civil War broke out between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavaliers (supporters of the King). The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of Charles I, and his son Charles II was driven out of the country in 1649. In addition to that, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Roundheads,formed republican England, known as the Commonwealth of England and the English monarchy was abolished.
6. American Indians
The American Indians were the descendants of the Mongoloid. The name “Indians” was given by Columbus when he mistook them for the people of India. It is believed that about 25,000 years ago the Indians crossed the Bering Strait land bridge to Alaska. The American Indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.
7. Columbus’“discovery ” of America
In 1492, Columbus persuaded the king and queen of Spain to finance his voyage. He believed that by sailing west from Europe, he could reach India. Columbus failed to reach India but landed at one of the Caribbean islands instead. He mistook these islands for part of India and called the local people Indians.
8. The Mayflower
The Mayflower has a famous position in American history as a symbol of early European colonization. With their religion oppressed by the Church of England, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the New World in a ship named the “Mayflower”. Late in December, the Mayflower finally landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.
9. Declaration of Independence
On July 2, 1776, the Congress finally determined that these United Colonies ought to be free and independent states. Thomas Jefferson, assisted by Benjamin Franklin, drafted the Declaration of Independence, which the Congress adopted on July 4, 1776. It announced the independence of 13 North American colonies and the birth of a new nation.
10. Abraham Lincoln
In March 1861 Abraham Lincoln took the office of president. He realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the Union at home and abroad. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves.
Chapter 2 Geography
Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false.
1. ________ Britain is situated in Western Europe.
答案：T
2. ________The island of Great Britain occupies more than 90% of the territory of the U.K.
答案：T
3.________ People of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland do not like to be called English people.
答案：T
4.________ Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland.
答案：F
5.________ Britain has a cold maritime climate.
答案：F
6. ________ The cheapest way to get around London is no doubt London's underground network.
答案：F
7. ________ Heathrow Airport is the busiest airport in the world.
答案：T
8. ________ Only the Old Town district of Edinburgh was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.
答案：F
9.________ The Lake District is closely related with English literature in the 19th century.
答案：T
10.________ The Lake District National Park is one of fourteen national parks in the United Kingdom.
答案：T
11. ________ The whole country of the U.S. is situated in the central part of North America.
答案：F
12. ________ Alaska is the largest state in the U.S.
答案：T
13. ________ The longest river in North America is the Missouri River.答案：F
14.________ Washington, D.C., as the capital of the United States, is governed directly by the District of Columbia.
答案：F
15. ________ Washington is often called "The City that Never Sleeps".答案：F
16.________ New York was founded as a commercial trading post by the Dutch East India Company.
答案：T
17. ________ The headquarters of the United Nations is located in the city of Washington.
答案：F
18. ________ The city of San Francisco is the most populous city in the U.S.
答案：F
19. ________ Hollywood is governed by its honorary mayor.
答案：F
20.________ Only Lake Michigan is entirely within the U.S.
答案：T
Fill in the blanks with the correct information.
1. Britain is separated from the European continent by__________, the Strait of Dover and _____________.
答案: the North Sea; the English Channel
2. Britain is made up of many islands collectively known as the British Isles, of which ___________ and __________ are the two main islands.答案: Great Britain; Ireland
3. Geographically, the island of Great Britain can be divided into two major regions —____________ and _____________.
答案: the highland zone; the lowland zone
4. The northern part of the island of Ireland is part of the United Kingdom,
while _____________________, which occupies the southern part of the island, is an independent country.
答案: the Republic of Ireland
5. __________ is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom.答案: London
6. __________ is the Queen's official and main royal London home.
答案: Buckingham Palace
7. When the Queen is at home, you can see her royal flag, referred to as _______________, flying from the flagpole on top of Buckingham Palace.答案: the Royal Standard
8. Edinburgh is well known for the annual _______________, the world’s largest arts festival.
答案: Edinburgh Festival
9. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in _____________.
答案: the British Isles
10. _______________ is a natural product made only from cereals, water and yeast.
答案: Scotch Whisky
11. The United States is the ________ largest country in the world. 答案: 4th
12. The U.S. is bordered by ______ on the north and by ______ and the Gulf
of Mexico on the south.
答案: Canada; Mexico
13. Hawaii is situated in the central __________.
答案: Pacific Ocean
14. The central part of the United States is composed of vast plains
between _____________ and _______________.
答案: the Appalachian Mountains; the Rocky Mountains
15. It is extremely _______ in northern Alaska but quite _______ and humid
in southern Florida and Hawaii.
答案: cold; mild
16. The District of Columbia was named after ______________ while the city
of Washington was named after ______________.
答案: Christopher Columbus; George Washington
17. The famous New York Stock Exchange is just on _____________ of Manhattan.
答案: Wall Street
18. The Chinatown in _____________ is the oldest Chinatown in North America.
答案: San Francisco
19. The Kodak Theatre, which opened in 2001 on Hollywood Boulevard at
Highland Avenue, has become the new home of ___________.
答案: the Oscars
20. The _______________ is nearly a three-and-a-half-mile round-trip
I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.doczj.com/doc/8215293336.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.
Political System 1. The British Monarchy is hereditary 2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __17th __ century. 3. The __ Crown _ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people. 4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords ___. 5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __ the Cabinet __. 6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___ five _ years. 7. The House of Commons consists of _651___ members who are elected from the _651____ electoral districts. 8. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, V iscount and Baron, are __ hereditary __. 9. The quorum in the House of Commons is ___ forty _ members. 10. The _ British government _ _____ is the supreme administrative institution. 11. The __ Cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government. 12. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when __ Henry V __ was on the throne. 13. Not until ___1937 _ could the cabinet have a legal basis. 14. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about ___20 __. 15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __ Lord Chancellor __. 16. ___ The Labour Party _ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900. 17. It is the _ Prime Minister __ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings. 18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _ Opposition ___. 19. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32____ boroughs and the city of London. 20. “The Morning Star” is the official paper of the ___ Communist Party __. 21. The following persons except ___ criminals _ have no right to vote. 22. In England and Wales, the jury consists of ___ twelve _ people in criminal and civil cases. 23. Legally any citizen aged from ___18__ to __65___ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury. 24. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _ Chief Constable __. 25. A __ barrister ___ appointed to act for the State is called Queen’s Counsel. 26. Now the House of Lords can prevent a bill from passing into a law for __ one year _. 27. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except _ the Criminal Division _. 28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _ Loyalists _. I. Fill in the Blanks 1. The present sovereign is __ Queen Elizabeth II ___ _____. 2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _ 1952 3. The vital power lies in the ___ Prime Minister __ _____, and his/her cabinet. 4. The __ Crown ___ is the only legal and constitutional link binding the members of the Commonwealth to the home country and to one another. 5. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the _ Crown ____, the House of __ Lords ___, and the House of _ Commons ____. 6. The British legislature is _ Parliament ____.
学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
第7章工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命 7.1 复习笔记 I. The American Revolution II. The French Revolution III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences 1. The Industrial Revolution 2. Its Consequences I. The American Revolution (美国独立战争) 1. The Navigation Acts (passed in 1651) were intended to increase the prosperity of English merchants and ship builders. 1651年通过了《航海条例》，有利于英国商人和轮船制造者的发展。 2. The process (过程) ①The war broke out in April 1775. ②In October, 1777, the American army won a great battle at Saratoga, which was a turning point. ③By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the United States.
①战争开始于1775年4月。 ②1777年10月，美国军队取得萨拉托加大捷，这是美国独立战争的转折点。 ③1783年《巴黎和约》，英国承认了美国的独立。 II. The French Revolution (法国革命) 1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789 and Thomas Paine published “The Rights of Man”. 2. In 1793 Britain became the chief leader of a military alliance with Austria and Prussia against revolutionary France. 3. The allies met at the Congress of Vienna and fought for the spoils of victory. England obtained Ceylon, the-Cape of Good Hope, and a number of Spanish, Dutch and French colonies. 1. 1789年，法国革命爆发，潘恩发表《人权宣言》。 2. 1793年，英国联合澳大利亚和普鲁士，反对法国革命。 3. 盟国在维也纳分赃会议上瓜分胜利品。英国得到锡兰，好望角，以及西班牙，荷兰和法国的殖民地。 III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution (工业革命的必要条件) 1. The conditions for the Industrial Revolution : ①the accumulation of capital; ②the development of capitalist farming and the appearance of a labor reserve; ③the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign. 2. Britain’s population grew fast in this period and the people were skilled in
上海海关学院 2011-2012学年第一学期期末考试试卷 《英美概论》A卷 考试时间：90分钟考试形式：闭卷 __________系_____级专业班姓名学号____________ 我承诺，遵守《上海海关学院考场规则》，诚信考试。考生签名：________________ I. You will be given fifteen American states and then match them with their corresponding number on the map. (2% x15=30%) ３0%)
1.Which invasion laid the foundation for English nation to be formed? A.Romans B. Anglo-Saxons C. Danes D. Normans 2. General election in the UK is held every____ years. A.2 B.3 C. 5. D.6 3. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 4. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 5.Which of the following is a holiday celebrated on November 5th in the UK and used to commemorate a plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament in 1605? A. First Footing B.Guy Fawk's Day C. Queen’s Birthday 6. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 7..Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____. A. Maine B. Massachusetts C. Connecticut 8.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____. A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado 9.The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New York 10. Britain is basically an importer of _____. A. food B. raw materials C. manufactures D. both A and B 11. All of the following events are related to Henry VIII except: A. establishment of Church of England B. legal union of England and Wales C. beating Spanish Armada 12. Grand Canyon is in the state of ____. A. Arizona B. Utah C.Colorado 13. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England. A. The Constitutional Monarchy B. All Estates Parliament C. House of Lancaster 14. England first became a sea power in the time of _____. A. Henry VII B. Elizabeth I C. Victoria 15. The Victorian Age began when the _____ was over. A. Edwardian Age B. Georgian Age C. Elizabethan Age 16. Public schools in the UK belong to the category of the _____ schools. A. state B. independent C. local 17. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to _____ school. A. grammar B. technical C. secondary modern 18. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功 7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国 13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶 21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower 五月花 D. Discovery
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案 Part one Fill in the blanks ( 10 points ) 1.The full name of the United Kingdom is . 2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998. 3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829. 4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today. 5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called . 6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of . 7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish. 8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery. 9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of The Civil Rights Movement: was assassinated. 10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part two Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Freedom d. New Deal 2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland 3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as . a. Lord Protector b. Lieutenant General c. Commander of the New Model Army d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to . a. the mainstream Americans b. Hispanics c. Asian-Americans d. Blacks 6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended . a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War