Presentation
Ⅰ重点语法知识
【状语从句】
时间when, while ,as ,since, until ,before ,after ,as soon as
1._____ we got to the station, the train had left already.
A. If
B. Unless
C. Since
D. When
2.I didn’t' manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until
B. unless
C. when
D. before
3. I’ll give her the message ____ she comes back.
A. till
B. before
C. since
D. as soon as
4. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.
A. before
B. after
C. when
D. while
5. I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.
A. come
B. comes
C. will come
D. came
6. _____ someone knocked at the door, I was playing the violin in my study.
A. As soon as
B. Before
C. While
D. When
7. You should make a good plan _________ you do anything important
A.before
B.after
C.though
D.until
8. He is listening to the music ____ he is washing clothes.
A. after
B. before
C. that
D. While
9. None of us knew what had happened ________ they told us about it.
A.when
B.until
C.after
D.though
10._____ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With
B. Since
C. While
D. As
条件if，unless
1. _____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without
B. Unless
C. Except
D. Even
2. You are sure to pass the exam ___ you study hard.
A. if
B. though
C. that
D. since
3.You will be late _______ you leave immediately.
A. if
B. unless
C. or
D. and
4. You will get good grades______ you study hard.
A. or
B. unless
C. if
D. and
5. You will be late _______ you leave immediately.
A. if
B. unless
C. or
D. and
6. You will stay healthy___________ you do more exercise,such as running and walking.
A.if
B.how
C.before
D.where
7. ____ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.
A. Though
B. If
C. Because
D. For
8. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we _______ hiking.
A. will going
B. will go to
C. go
D. will go
原因because, now that
1. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.
A. because
B. but
C. until
D. if
2. ________ you are so weak，you’d better stay at home.
A. Since
B. For
C. Because
D. Though
3.__________ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.
A. As
B. Although
C. Unless
D. In spite of
4. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.
A. and
B. but
C. as
D. unless
5. __________ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.
A. While
B. When
C. Since
D. After
结果so...that
1. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.
A. such
B. so
C. too
D. very
2. The camera is __________ expensive _____________ I can't afford it.
A.so;that
B.such;that
C.so;as to
D.enough;that
3. I got there ___ late ___ I didn't see him.
A. too; to
B. such; that
C. so; that
D. so; as
4. He was ____ tired ____ he couldn’t go on working.
A. too; to
B. such; that
C. so; that
D. too; that
5. It’s _______ nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.
A. such
B. too
C. enough
D. so
目的so that
1. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although
B. even though
C. so that
D. since
2. May I sit nearer _______I can see more clearly?
A. as if
B. so that
C. even if
D. so
3. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.
A. so that
B. if
C. when
D. although
4. Say it louder _________ everyone can hear you.
A. so as to
B. so that
C. in order
D. such that
5. Lift it up ________I may see it.
A. though
B. so that
C. as
D. than
比较than, as…as, not s o...as ,while
1. Suzhou is not ____ beautiful ____ Hangzhou.
A. as; than
B. so; as
C. even; than
D. /; than
2.There are ___ many league members in class 2 ___ in Class 4.
A. both; and
B. 'so; that
C. either; or
D. as; as
3. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ____tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many
B. as many twice
C. twice as many
D. twice many as.
4. He got excited at the news，________ I was calm.
A. when
B. while
C. because
D. after
5. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.
A. as well
B. as well as
C. so well
D. so well as
让步though, although
1. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since
B. Once
C. When
D. Although
2. _____ they are brothers, they don’t look like each other at all.
A.Because
B.Though
C.When
D.As
3. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.
A. As
B. Although
C. Even
D. In spite of
4. No matter ________ hard it may be，I’ll carry it out.
A. what
B. whatever
C. how
D. however
5. She is willing to help you, ________ busy she is.
A. what
B. how
C. however
D. whatever
Ⅱ作文仿写（托福口语万能理由（1）建筑和地方）
My favourite building
hard to imagine at that time people can build such huge architecture. Even in modern times, it seems an
Focused Practice
Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)
A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6分)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(E) (F) (G)
1. ________
2. ________
3.________
4.________
5.________
6. ________
B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和
问题，选出最恰当的答案) (10分)
7. A) Sunny. B) Cloudy. C) Windy. D) Rainy.
8. A) Father. B) Mother. C) Aunt. D) Uncle.
9. A) Maths. B) Chinese. C) English. D) Physics.
10. A) On foot. B) By underground. C) By car. D) By bus.
11. A) The red ones. B) The green ones. C) Neither. D) Both.
12. A) For six hours. B) For four hours. C)For five hours. D) For seven hours.
13. A) In an office. B) In a department store. C) In the library. D) At home.
14. A) He agrees with Mary. B) Everyone should do housework.
C) He never does any housework. D) Housework is only for parents.
15. A) He is going swimming. B)He is going to visit his grandparents.
C) He is going fishing. D) He is going to stay at home.
16. A) The woman didn’t hear the phone. B) The wom an didn’t get home then.
C) Nobody was in the house at the moment. D) The women was visiting a friend.
C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断
下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示):
(7分)
17. Many American and British parents take their children from one activity to another.
18. Mrs Smith takes the two boys from football to basketball after school.
19. Mrs Smith has to take her daughter to piano lessons after she sends her two sons.
20. Life is very busy for Mr and Mrs Smith’s children every day.
21. Now many American and British parents seem to push their children a lot more.
22. Parents are trying to give their kids more time to themselves.
23. According to the passage, it’s crazy to compare the children with others.
D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完成下列内容。
每空格限填一词) (7分)
24. You may think that travelling alone would be ___________ or frightening.
25. According to people who do it, that’s not ___________ true.
26. When you travel alone, you can make new friends and get to know yourself ___________.
27. There are many different things you can do on a ___________ alone.
28. Some people learn to climb mountains while others learn to ___________ a horse.
29. There are tours for women only and for people over the age of ___________.
30. The next time you take a ___________ somewhere, why not think about going alone?
C B FDEA DDAC
D CBBBA TFFTTFT
Key: 24.boring 25. exactly 26.better 27.holiday 28. ride 29.60/sixty 30.trip
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage （选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：（14分）
From the first day that men began to study numbers in daily life, some numbers have been thought to be lucky, while others are considered unlucky. And it’s not just Western culture that has done this. Cultures in Japan, China, India, and Africa have done the same thing, but for different reasons. Let’s take a look at some commonly known lucky and unlucky numbers to see why they are loved or hated.
7
Everyone knows that “7” is lucky.But __85__? The root of most lucky numbers can be found in religion. God, for example, is said to have created the
world in 7 days. Until the 1800s, there were seven known planets in the solar system
（太阳系）. Seven is even the usual number of spots on a ladybug（瓢虫）and
ladybugs are considered good luck themselves.
4
This number means bad luck in Asia. For example, the __86__ of “4” in Chinese is very similar to the word “death.” And because of this, “4” has been considered bad luck in China.
666
“666” is an __87__ number. It is extremely bad luck in Western culture but very good luck in many Asian countries.
__88__ the Christian Bible（圣经）, the number 666 means Satan（撒旦，魔鬼）. It might be the most avoided number in Western culture. For example, there used to be US Highway 666 in New Mexico, but in 2003 it was changed to US Highway 491 because the government was afraid that the number would scare tourists away. Another example is that Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States, changed the __89__ 666 St. Cloud Road, Bel Air to 668 St. Cloud Road, Bel Air before moving in.
But in Asia, people love “666” because it __90__ “things going smoothly,” and is considered to be very lucky.
13
People all over the world don’t like “13.” It’s difficult for you to find a b uilding with a 13th floor in North America. Friday the 13th is considered a very bad day.
2
In many Asian countries, “2” is good luck. It is thought that good things come in pairs, which is a phrase that __91__ appears in Western culture.
8
Maybe no people in the world are more fascinated about the number “8” than the Chinese. A recent report said that the phone number 8888-8888 was sold for over $200,000 in China.
85. A. when B. how C. why D. where
86. A. meaning B. pronunciation C. spelling D. writing
87. A. different B. boring C. difficult D. interesting
88. A. Because of B. According to C. Thanks to D. With the help of
89. A. address B. road C. phone number D. location
90. A. sounds like B. looks like C. feels like D. seems like
91. A. never B. still C. even D. only
C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格一词，首字母已给）：（14分）
You may have seen this happening in schools: some students might be studying almost all
the time but they just scrape through（勉强通过）their exams, while some others may spend
much l____92___ time on their books but do much better in exams.
How could this happen? Some people may blame the education system, but this just shows
the d____93___ between hard work and smart work.
People used to think that hard work is the o___94____ way to success. But now they have understood that it is smart work that does the trick（成功）.
Hard workers don’t mind working for long hours, while smart workers always think of various answers to these questions, “Why should I suffer this?”“Isn’t there a better way to do this?” But for these people, we would still be using the abacus (算盘); computers wouldn’t have been i____95____. Progress in every field is the direct result of the “Search for a better way” by smart workers.
There was a large soap factory in Japan. Once it received an unusual customer complaint---there was no soap in the soapbox he bought.
How could e___96____ soapboxes go out of the factory? The manufacturing was fine, but in about one in ten thousand cases the packing machine let go an empty soapbox. There was no need to spend a lot of money r___97____ the machine for such a minor defect（小缺点）.The chief engineer soon worked out a solution: he used a huge X-ray machine which was connected to two large computers to find out the empty soapboxes. After teaching the workers how to use it, he sat down in his seat, tired.
“Sir, we could have solved the problem in a much simpler and cheaper way,” a worked said.
“Really? H___98____?”
“We can put a huge fan near the packing machine. The air coming form the fan will blow away the empty boxes, leaving the other boxes undisturbed（不惊动）. There would be no need for an X-ray machine, two computers, and operating by workers.”
See, this is smart work. We should work hard like the engineers; but also think smart like this worker.
less, difference, only, invented, empty, repairing, How
Homework
V. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)：（共26分）
( ) 31. Cathy is overweight. Her doctor advised her to go on _______ diet.
A) a B) an C) the D) /
( ) 32. I usually go to Shanghai Library with my cousin _______Sunday morning.
A) in B) at C) on D) by
( ) 33. My bike is broken. May I borrow _______？
A) you B) yourself C) yours D) your
( ) 34. I invited Tony and Eric to dinner, but _______ of them came.
A) none B) both C) all D) neither
( ) 35. _______ exciting the movie 2012 is! I want to see it again.
A) What an B) How C) What D) How an
( ) 36. We still have _______ time left. Would you like another cup of coffee?
A) few B) little C) a few D) a little
( ) 37. Judy’s never been to the Great Wall, _______?
A) is she B) isn’t she C) has she D) hasn’t she
( ) 38. The music in the supermarket sounded so_______ that I wanted to leave at once.
A) soft B) wonderful C) friendly D) noisy
( ) 39. I’ll do it better if my manager _______ me another try.
A) give B) gives C) gave D) will give
( ) 40. My sister has worked as an IT engineer since she _______ back from the United States.
A) came B) has come C) had come D) comes
( ) 41. ---Do you think John will help me move the piano?
---You’d better not．He_______ a composition．
A) write B)writes C) is writing D) wrote
( ) 42. More new classroom buildings _______ in our school in the next few years.
A) will be built B) was built C) has built D) will build
( ) 43. ---Let’s go to Xin Hua Bookstore by taxi!
---Oh, it is not far away from here. We _______take a taxi.
A) can’t B)needn’t C) mustn’t D) couldn’t
( ) 44. All the children like Mr. Brown very much because he often makes them _______.
A) laughed B) laugh C) laughing D) to laugh
( ) 45. Would you mind _______the window? It’s too cold outside.
A) close B) to close C) closed D) closing
( ) 46. ---You saw the film Harry Potter last nigh t, didn’t you?
---Yes, _______ I missed the beginning.
A) and B) so C) but D) then
( ) 47. A good friend always gives you a helping hand _______ you’re in trouble.
A) when B) before C) until D) though
( ) 48. Mr. King didn't know _______ yesterday evening.
A）when does his son come home B）when his son comes home
C）when did his son come home D）when his son came home
( ) 49. Hai Bao is _______ to anyone who’s interested in the 2010 World Expo.
A) friendly B) familiar C) similar D) popular
( ) 50. ---Don’t _______, children. I’m sure you will win.
---Thank you, Mrs. White. We’ll try our best.
A) put up B) give up C) wake up D) go up
( ) 51. A lot of meetings were_______ because of the dangerous disease.
A) turned off B) set off C) put off D) taken off
( ) 52. Remember this, children. _______junk food you eat, _______ you’ll feel.
A. The fewer; the more healthy
B. The fewer; the healthier
C. The less; the healthier
D. The less; the more healthily
( ) 53. Wet weather may continue for a few more days. The underlined part means “_______”
A) give up B) go on C) give back D) get back
( ) 54. Don’t always depend on your parents. It’s time for you to make a decision on your own. The underlined part means “_______”
A) put on B) turn on C) go on D) rely on
( ) 55. ---How wonderfully you played the piano! --- __________________
A) No wonderfully. B) Thank you!
C) Why did you say so? D) I think so.
( )56. ---Simon, I’m going to Beijing with my parents tomorrow.
--- __________________!
A) Have fun B) With pleasure C) Never mind D) Cheer up
VI. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)：（共8分）
57. We took many ________when we travelled in Xinjiang last summer. (photo)
58. The children enjoyed _______ very much in the park last weekend. (they)
59. On the ________ day, the sick boy came back to life. (four)
60. After 30 years, his twin brother’s sudden _______ brought him a great surprise. (arrive)
61. We took pity on the ________ girl and invited her to have dinner with us.(home)
62. Changjiang Tunnel-Bridge is so ________that thousands of citizens visit it every day. (attract)
63. ________, we were not caught in the heavy rain last night. (lucky)
64. The little girl didn’t know how to _______ the toy machine. (operation)
VII. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限填一词) (共12分)
65.Sally has her violin lessons in her school every Friday. (改成否定句)
Sally _______ _______ her violin lessons in her school every Friday.
66. Saint Claus hid the presents in the long stocking on Christmas Eve. （改为被动语态）
The presents _______ _______ in the long stocking on Christmas by Saint Claus.
67.I usually do online shopping twice a week. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______do you usually do online shopping?
68.“Can you help me repair the bike? ” Mary asked Jack. (保持句意不变)
Mary asked Jack _______he _______ help her repair the bike.
69. The box on the shelf is so heavy that the boy can’t carry it. (改为简单句)
The book on the shelf isn’t _______ _______ for the boy to carry.
70. Lucy has been to Beijing. Mark has been to Beijing as well. (合并为一句)
_______Lucy and Mark _______been to Beijing.
57. photos 58. themselves 59. fourth 60. arrival 61. homeless 62. attractive
63. Luckily 64. operate
65. doesn’t have 66. were hidden /hid 67. How ofte n 68. if/whether could
69. light enough 70. Both have
Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分读写）
VIII. Reading comprehension （阅读理解）：（共56分）
A. Choose the best answer （根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）：（7分）
Chinese schools are having a hard time this autumn. The A(H1N1) flu
and common flu have hit the country as many students get infected (感染).
According to a recent report, more than 42,000 people in China have
caught the A(H1N1) flu. And 96% of the outbreaks (爆发) have happened in
schools. Children and teenagers have been hit hardest by the epidemic.
Students have to check their temperature many times a day. Classes are closed when two A(H1N1) flu cases are reported within two weeks. Students with flu-like symptoms (流感相似症状) should be sent to the hospital at once.
To make things worse, most students will be taking the mid-term exams.
How can students go on with their study during the time? Schools and students gave us some ideas.
Zhu Baobao, 15, Beijing: One of my classmates was confirmed (确诊) to have A(H1N1), so we stopped classes for a week. The teacher gave us a pile of quizzes to do. Some classmates called me to study together but my parents said it was not safe. We also tried the QQ video, but it was not clear. Finally we called each other to discuss the quizzes.
Wang Feixuan, 14, Xi'an: A class in our grade was suspended (暂停) last week. Teachers recorded videos of our classes and put them online for the resting students to download. The suspended class also had meetings online. The teacher and students chatted in a group online. They could speak and hear each other's voices.
Luo Yijing, 13, Shanghai: A girl in my class caught a common flu and got a fever. She had to stay at home for a week. The teacher asked me to help her. Every day when I got home, I'd call her and tell her what the teacher taught in class that day. When she had problems with homework, she called me too.
Jiang Sai, 16, Beijing: Two classes of our grade were suspended. The school put three video cameras and several computers in our class. If the resting students have the Internet at home, they can connect with the computers in our classroom and have classes with us.
The resting students and the teacher can see and hear each other through videos. They can also ask and answer questions.
78. Why are schools in China having a hard time these days? ____
A) Because many students are having a rest at home.
B) Because students are so afraid of the A(H1N1) that they choose to stay at home.
C) Because many students get infected by the A(H1N1).
D) Because 96% of the students have been infected by the A(H1N1).
79. According to the passage, ____ are most easily infected by the A(H1N1).
A. Children and teenagers
B. Teachers and students
C. Children and the old
D. All the people
80. Classes will be closed when ____.
A) students with flu-like symptoms have been found.
B) two A(H1N1) flu cases are reported within two weeks
C) some students have been sent to hospital
D) at least two A(H1N1) cases have been found in this school
81. Some students in Beijing _____ when they have to stay at home.
A. record videos
B. discuss with their teachers
C. are taught by their classmates by phone
D. are given a lot of quizzes to do
82. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? ____
A) If someone catches a common flu and got a fever, he / she has to stay home for a week.
B) Parents don’t think it safe enough for students to get together.
C) Teachers will give the sick students lessons separately.
D) Computers are used to help students with their study.
83. The underlined word “epidemic” in this passage refers to ____.
A. the high fever
B. the A(H1N1)
C. the common flu
D. all the diseases
84. What hasn’t the passage advised us to do to prevent the A(H1N1)? ____
A) To check our temperature many times a day.
B) To stay at home if we have got the common flu.
C) To separate the sick from the other students.
D) To go to hospital at once if we have some flu-like symptoms.
D. Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答下列问题）：（14分）
There were once two men, both seriously ill, in the same small room of a great hospital. Quite a small room, it had one window looking out on the world. One of the men, as part of his treatment, was allowed to sit up in bed for an hour in the afternoon (something to do with draining the fluid from his lungs抽出肺部积水). His bed was next to the window. But the other man had to spend all his time flatting (平躺)on his back.
Every afternoon when the man next to the window was propped（支撑）up for his hour, he would pass the time by describing what he could see outside. The window obviously overlooked a park where there was a lake. There were ducks and swans in the lake, and children came to throw them bread and sail model boats. Young lovers walked hand in hand under the trees, and there were flowers and stretches of grass, games of softball. And at the back, behind trees, was a fine view of the city skyline.
The man on his back would listen to the other man describe all of this, enjoying every minute. He heard how a child nearly fell into the lake, and how beautiful the girls were in their summer dresses. His friend’s descriptions(描述) always made him feel he could almost see what was happening outside.
Then one fine afternoon, the thought struck him: Why should the man next to the window have all the pleasure of seeing what was going on? Why shouldn’t he get the chance? He felt ashamed, but the more he tried not to think like that, the worse he wanted a change. He’d do anything! On night as he stared at the ceiling, the other man suddenly woke up, coughing and choking, his hands groping（摸索）for the button that would bring the nurse running. But the man watched without moving---even when the sound of breathing stopped. In the morning, the nurse found the other man dead, and quietly took his body away.
As soon as everything seemed calm（平静的）, the man asked if he could be moved to the bed next to the window. So they did, helped him in, and made him quite comfortable. When they left, he propped
himself up, painfully and with great difficulty, and looked out of the window.
It faced nothing but a wall.
99. Where did the story happen?
It happened ____________________________.
100. Which of the two men was allowed to sit up in bed every afternoon?
The man who __________________________.
101. How long could the man sit up in bed?
______________________________________.
102. When it was time for the man to sit up in bed, what did they do to pass the time?
One ___________, and the other ___________.
103. What did one man do when the other woke up one night and needed his help very much?
______________________________________.
104. In fact, the man could see nothing outside the window, could he?
______________________________________.
105. How do you think the man would feel after he knew the fact?
______________________________________.
IX. Writing （作文）：（18分）
106. Write at least 60 words about the topic “My favorite place in school”. （以“学校里我最喜欢的地方”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）
（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其相关信息，否则不予评分。）
Use the following points as a reference. （以下内容仅供参考）
1.What’s your favorite place in your school, the classroom, the library, the playground or somewhere
else?
2.When and how do you usually spend your time there?
3.Why do you like this place best? Give at least two reasons.
参考答案：
1 —— 6 G C D B F A
7 ——11 C D A B B
12——16 C A C D C
17—23 F F T F T F F
24. classroom 25. dirty 26. Tailor 27. single 28. 69532206 29. watching
30. Friday
31— 35 A C C D B
36— 40 D C D B A
41— 45 C A B B D
46— 50 C A D B B
51— 56 C C B D B A
57. photos 58. themselves 59. fourth 60. arrival 61. homeless 62. attractive
63. Luckily 64. operate
65. doesn’t have 66. were hidden /hid 67. How often 68. if/whether could
69. light enough 70. Both have
78-84: C A B D C B B
85-91: C B D B A A C
92-98 less, difference, only, invented, empty, repairing, How
99-105: In a hospital. The man who needed to drain the fluid from his lungs.
For one hour. One described what he could see outside, and the other enjoyed listening. He did nothing. No, he couldn’t. Open.
语法 29时间状语从句 一、什么是状语从句 状语就是在一句话中表示该句子的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等成分。状语从句就是用一个从 句表示状语。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。 与状语一样，状语从句的位置比较灵活。既可置于主句之前（通常用逗号与主句隔开），也课置于主句之后（不需要用逗号与主句隔开），有时甚至可以置于主句之中。 二、时间状语从句 1. 主句和从句同时发生，这类从句由从属连词when, while, as引导。 He was hungry when he came home. I was crying while everyone was laughing. As I walked out, he walked in. as, when, while, 的区别 ① as强调从句的动作与主句动作同时发生及持续，具有at the same time的意思 他继续往下谈的时候，越来越兴奋。 as还可以表示一边??一边??，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 他们边走边聊。 as还有“ 随着”的含义 随着春天的到来，天气暖和起来。 ② when 强调动作点的特定时间，具有at the time that 的意思 当老师走进来的时候，我们都站起来了。 ③ while 表示较长的期间，具有during the time that 的意思 当我在这的时候，我很安全。 2.主句发生在从句之前，这类从句由从属连词before, until 引导 ,before 意为“ 在---之前” until 在肯定句中意为“直到 --- 为止”，在否定句中意为“直到 --- 才”。从句既可置于主句前，也可置 于主句之后。 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。
咼中英语状语从句 定义: 在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句 尾时不用. 分类 根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④ 目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较 状语从句三、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；主句是—过去将来时，从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时；主句是一般过去时忆：“主将 ，从句用一般过去时.记从现” (一)引导时间状语从句的连词有：As，whe n (whe never)，before，after，as soo n as，un til (till)，since，every time，once. | （二）、具体应用1）“while ”主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while引导的从句用延续性 动词，常表示较长的时间或一个过程.记忆：While 后用进行时.While we were having supper， all the lights went out. Please kee p quiet while others are study in g」 While I was writing letters last night，he was watching TV. 2 ）When 表示“就在”的时候"， while 意为反而，可是，表示转折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street，when he sudde niy stopped outside a little house. 3）When ever无论什么时候，随时 1.When ever some one throws in some rubbish，the truck p roduees a pi eee of music. 每当有人扔进一些垃圾时，它（汽车）就放一段音乐 2.When ever we' re in trouble，they will help us. 3.I go to the theatre, whe never I am free. https://www.doczj.com/doc/8c4805061.html,e and see me whe never you want to.你随时来看我 4) till和until(表示"直到” ”)句首多用until | 1在肯定句中表示“直到”为止”，主句谓语动词要用延续性动词 I was wait ing un til/till he arrived. 2、在否定句中表示“直到，，才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词，这时until和till常被before 替换. I did n' t leave till/un til she came back. 5) si nee:主句用完成时，从句用一般过去时，si nee引导的从句间或可用现在完成时 It is two years since I have studied En glish. 1.We have known each other si nee we were childre n. 2.We have bee n friends （ever sin ce） since we met at school. 3.It is ”（一段时间）+since+—般过去时态句子 It is two years since my sister married. I
状语从句 什么是状语： 句子中修饰动词、形容词等的句子成分叫状语，用来从地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面修饰说明谓语。 e.g. He speaks English very well.（副词作状语） e.g. He is playing under the tree.（介词短语作状语） e.g. I come specially to see you.（不定式作状语） e.g. If I am not busy tomorrow,I will play football with you.（从句作状语） e.g. Having had a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper.（分词作状语） 状语从句： 状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句，可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫做从属连词。状语从句的位置可以在句首，也可以在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。 If it’s fine tomorrow, I wil l go with you. I will go with you if it’s fine tomorrow. 状语从句分类：1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、让步状语从句 8、比较状语从句 9、方式状语从句 时间状语从句 从属连词：when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since, whenever, as soon as（一……就）…… 时态：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现 一、When/while/as（当…时候）
初中英语条件状语从句语法详解 (名师剖析语法知识点+ 实战训练题，值得下载打印) 一．条件状语从句的概念 条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等 引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事 情（主句）才能发生，通常译作“假如，只要，如果”等意思。条件状语从句中，主从句的时 态要遵循“主将从现”的原则。即，主句是将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时态。 二.条件状语从句的引导词 1.If conj . 如果，假如 If you ask him，he will help you．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down．如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 2.unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候（if ...not...） You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。 3.so/as long as conj.只要 You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。 三．关于条件句的时态，常见的有以下三种情况： 1、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。 When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and lo ok after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。 2、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。 If you want to have a chat ,call me up. 如果你想聊天，打我电话。
状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1、when, while, as 和whenever when 表时间点，时间段 while 表时间段；有“而”的意思 as “当……”,“一边……一边”，“随着……” whenever 每当，无论什么时候 It is cold when it snows. While there is life, there is hope. While we were speaking, he was reading newspaper. Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dinning-room, there was a knock on the front door. As we age, we trade strength for ingenuity, speed for thoroughness, and passion for reason. 随着年龄的增长，我们用力量换来了机敏，以速度换来了严谨，以热情换来了理智。 注：1)when还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时…… sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时…… sb.body has just done sth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时…… 2)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while 与as可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street，I came across an old friend of mine. 2、before/ after It will be five years before we meet again.五年之后我们才能见面。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. After her husband had gone to work, she sent her children to school. 3、until, till, not...until 1)肯定句：主句的谓语是延续性动词，主从句均为肯定式，意为“某动作一直持续到某时间点才停止”
（一）状语从句概述 定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。 位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句隔开。 分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 （二）状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词用法示例 when 意为“当…的时候”。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives, I’ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在…的时候，在…的 同时”。While引导从句的 谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.
的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语， 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后，有时译成 “就，才”。当主句用将来时，You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada
初中英语语法专题（状语从句）讲解 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 条件 If, unless 原因 As, because, since 地点 Where 目的 So that, in order that 结果So that, so…that, such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较 t han, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。 原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 目的状语从句：
Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 方式状语从句： Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。 比较状语从句： The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. 易混引导词while, when, as的区别： when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用 （=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如： Please don't talk so loud while others are working. As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如： As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。 2．Because,as,since 的区别： Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如： Water is very important because we can't live without it. He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill. I'll do it for you since you are busy.
第章状语从句 学习指导 状语从句在句子中作状语，用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比 较和方式。尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所 以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词。现分别列举如下: 状语从句分九类： 在这一章节的学习中，要求同学们掌握各类状语从句基本概念，并能够灵活应用。 第一节时间状语从句 时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：2．when，while，as均可表示“当……的时候”。 when强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前；while表 示的时间是一段，而不是一点，as多用在口语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。 When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。 As spring warms the good earth，all flowers begin to bloom．(as有“随着”的含义) as, when, while都表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但三者也有
区别。as和when引导的从句既可表示一点时间，也可表示一段时间，从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词，也可以为短暂性动词，经常可以互换使用；while引导的从句通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时，这三者可以通用（前面例句中已有体现），再如： 1 / 18 Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as / when / while father was away in France.妈妈担心，因为小艾丽思病了，特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。 如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，则多用as，可译为“一边......，一边......”。例如： He looked behind from to time as he went.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer..随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。 I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要 说什么。（若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用as的场合多于when.） 当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时，多用while, 不用as或when。如：
2013年8 年级下教案 第几讲: 9 教学课题：Module 8 Public holidays 教学目标：1..课文中重点单词、词组、句子的理解与掌握 2.课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握 3语法：时间状语从句 教学重点：课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握 教学难点：语法：时间状语从句 教学过程: 一．Greetings 二．Dictation 1Words 2 phrases 3 sentences: 三．语法——时间状语从句 定义:英语中可以用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。 1.由when引导的时间状语从句 When意为“当…的时候”，when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词。Eg：When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking. He knocked at the door , when my mother was sleeping. 2.由while引导的时间状语从句“与…同时，在…期间”，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。EG：Lucy was cleaning the room while Lily was listening to music. 3. 由before/after 引导的时间状语从句，before“在…之前”，after“在…之后” Eg：He went to the office before he visited Mr. Zhong. I called Betty after I finished the homework. 4. 由until引导的时间状语从句，“直到…为止”，not until “直到…才” Eg：He stayed in the room until his mother came back . We didn’t begin the meeting until the boss came. 5. 由as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，“一…就” Eg：I took out the notebook as soon as the class began. 四．时间状语从句要注意的几个地方 （1）例如： It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along（沿着走）the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一
状语从句 状语从句修饰主句/主句的谓语。一般有九大类：表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式等。 时间状语从句 1. 用when引导：when表示“当……时候”。如： Things were different when I was a child. 我小时候情况与现在不同。 People breathe more slowly when they are asleep. 人睡觉时呼吸比较缓慢。 2. 用while引导：while表示“当……时候”。如： We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。 注意：while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的，不能是短暂性的。 3. 用as引导：as表示“当……时候”“随着”。如： He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。 We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 4. 用before引导：before表示“在……之前”。如： Turn off the lights before you go to bed. 睡觉前要关灯。 Before he went to university he was a worker. 上大学之前他是工人。 5. 用after引导：after表示“在……之后”。如： I will tell you after they leave. 他们走我再告诉你。 After you finish the letter show it to me．信写完后给我看看。 6. 用until / till引导：until / till表示“直到……”。如： He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。 I watched him until he disappeared in the distance. 我瞧着他直到他在远处消失。 这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词，不能是终止性动词。但是，在否定句中，主句动词可以是终止性动词，此时构成not…ntil [till]…句式，意为“直到……才……”。如：
初中状语从句全面讲解练习题及答案 1、基本含义状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。请用下划线划出下列句子中的状语，并说明是什么在做状语：He speaks English very well、 He is playing under the tree、 I come specially to see you、The boy was praised for his bravery、When she was12 years old, she began to live in Dalian、If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you、什么是状语从句？用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing、If he comes back, please let me know、I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before、2、用法归纳 1、时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when we got to school yesterday、While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang、As he walked along the lake, he sang happily、He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China、
英语时间状语从句讲解 （一）when, while 和as 引导时间状语从句的用法 一、when 的用法 如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。 1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 3. Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？ 4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。 when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。 实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。例如： 2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already? 二、while 的用法 相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。例如： 1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 3. While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。 从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。这是while 的侧重点。因此，如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。 6. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁。如果换成when 意思就变了，相当于说铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁就冷了。这显然不符合文意。 再例： —I'm going to the post office. —While you're there, can you get me some stamps? 三、as 的用法 as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。但与while 从句不同的是，as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成“边……边……”。例如： 1. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. 2. The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记。 3. As we talked on, he got more and more excited. as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明，不像while 从句有强调while 动作本身的意思。因此，as 常常翻译成“随着……”之意。 例如： 1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。
状语从句讲解和练习状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：1. Nat urally , our grandparents wer e pleased to get our phone call . (副词)2. We worked ha rd , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语)3. To help my d isabled aunt , I spend an ho ur working in her house ever y day . (不定式)4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse l ooked deserted . (过去分词)
5. I know how to light a ca mp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:1．时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , ti ll, until特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the sec ond, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely
初中英语状语从句讲解 1.时间状语从句 2. 条件状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 结果状语从句 5. 比较状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 让步状语从句 8. 地点状语从句 2.用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语 从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或 状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用 肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。 例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill.
句子成分之——－状语的具体讲解（十）方式状语 具体用法：方式状语 导读：方式状语，描述动作、事件或情况发生及存在的方式。其表达方式通常有： 1. 方式副词（介绍了常用副词） 2. 介词短语（区分了by，through, in, with四个表方式的介词用法） 3.形容词短语 4. 方式状语从句 （1）as if/as though （2）as/like (just) as…so…表示“正如”、“像……”。 （3）(in) the way (that) 引导的方式状语从句“以…方式” （一）方式副词，用来回答how 提出的问题。常见的此类副词主要有：angrily 生气地anxiously 焦急地badly 糟糕地 calmly 冷静地carefully 仔细地carelessly 粗心地 clearly 清晰地closely 紧密地dangerously 危险地 eagerly 热心地effectively 有效地faithfully 忠诚地 firmly 坚定地happily 高兴地nervously 紧张地 suddenly 突然地thoroughly 完全地uncomfortably 不舒适地 well 很好地widely 广泛地willingly 情愿地 方式副词，等于介词短语“in a +形容词+ way”。 例如：angrily 等于in an angry way Some Internet words are widely used and spread.有些网络语言被广泛地使用和传播。 Volunteers always help others eagerly.志愿者们总是热心地帮助他人。 Can you speak it clearly?你能清楚地讲一下它吗？ A dog came out from behind the door suddenly.一只狗突然从门后跑了出来。 （二）介词短语，常见的有：in, by...,with..., through...等。 1. by的用法 （1）by+n/动词ing表示“通过……方式” The blind learn something by touching. 盲人通过触摸学习东西。
状语从句 在复合句中作状语，位置灵活。 状语从句可分为时间状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，方式状语从句，结果状语从句。 （一）时间状语从句 1.when, as, while a.when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 Eg: When I get there I will call you. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语与be 可省。 Eg：When （you are）in trouble, you can ask her for help. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同时，往往可以用“when+分词”的形式代替该状从。Eg：When I came into the room(When coming into the room), I found the light was off. b.while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行过程中。主句的谓语动词 通常是非延续性动词。 Eg: He came in while I was reading a book. I met her while I was in school. c. as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同在时间点或同时间段进行。同时可表示主句的动作随着从句的动作的变化而变化。 Eg: He jumps as he sings. As the wind rose, the noise increased. 2.before(在……之前)与after（在……之后） Eg：See me before you leave. I saw them after I arrived. 3. till与until 肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。 Eg: Wait till/untill I call you. 等着直到我叫你。 She didn't arrive till/until 6 o'clock.. 她直到6点才到 但是置于句首时只可用untill. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。否定形式有另外两种表达方式： (1)Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 Man did not know what heat was until the early years of the 19th century. =Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat was. (2)It is not until…that… He will not go to bed until his mother comes home. =It is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed. 4. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately和hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than a. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。译为“一……就” Eg：As soon as she heard the news, she began crying. b. hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than都可以表示"一……就……"的意思，但主句谓语动词一般要用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。 Eg：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain。 1. We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened. A. immediately B. shortly C.quickly D. hurriedly 2. The roof fell _____he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. A. before B. as C. after D. until 3. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity he reaches the end of the story. A when B whenever C.after D.until 4. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _______ I heard the voices. A. as B. for C. while D.when 5. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. １