【英语】高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Passing through the Atlanta airport one morning, I caught one of those trains that take travelers from the main terminal to their boarding gates. Free, and impersonal, the trains run back and forth all day long. Not many people consider them fun, but on this Saturday I heard laughter. At the front of the first car – looking out the window at the track that lay ahead – were a man and his son.
We had just stopped to let off passengers, and the doors were closing again. "Here we go! Hold on to me tight!" the father said. The boy, about five years old, made sounds of sheer delight.
I know we're supposed to avoid making racial distinctions(种族歧视) these days, so I hope no one will mind if I mention that most people on the train were white, dressed for business trips or vacations.
As I got off, I remembered something I'd wanted to buy in the terminal. I was early for my flight, so I decided to go back.
I did – and just as I was about to reboard the train for my gate, I saw that the man and his son had returned too. I realized then that they hadn't been heading for a flight, but had just been riding the shuttle.
"I want to ride some more!"
"More?" the father said, mock-exasperated(嗔怪模仿) but clearly pleased. "You're not tired?" "This is fun!" his son said.
"All right," the father replied, and when a door opened we all got on.
There are parents who can afford to send their children to Europe or Disneyland, but the children turn out rotten. There are parents who live in million-dollar houses and give their children cars and swimming pools, yet something goes wrong. Rich and poor, black and white, so much goes wrong so often.
"Where are all these people going, Daddy?" the son asked.
"All over the world," came the reply. The other people in the airport were leaving for distant destinations or arriving at the ends of their journeys. The father and son, though, were just riding this shuttle together, making it exciting, sharing each other's company.
（1）Why did the father take his son to ride the train?
A. To take the flight.
B. To receive someone.
C. To accompany and have fun.
D. To buy something in the terminal.
（2）It can be inferred from the text that________.
A. The father and son were black, dressed in inexpensive clothes.
B. Every Child from rich family is not as happy as this little black boy.
C. Parents always offer everything for their children to make them better.
D. The shuttle is running all day long and free of charge to every passenger.
（3）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Free Shuttle for the Passengers
B. Happy Boy with Father's Company
C. Rich Family without Happy Children
D. Moved by the Funny Father and Son
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者从自己的视角看父子俩的关系。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Not many people consider them fun, but on this Saturday I heard laughter. At the front of the first car – looking out the window at the track that lay ahead –were a man and his son.”和最后一段中的“ The father and son, though, were just riding this shuttle toge ther, making it exciting, sharing each other's company.”可知父子俩乘车是相互陪伴的一次愉快的经历。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I know we're supposed to avoid making racial distinctions(种族歧视) these days, so I hope no one will mind if I mention that most people on the train were white, dressed for business trips or vacations.”可知父子俩是不富裕的黑人。故选A。
（3）考查主旨大意。全文虽是作者的视角在看父子俩的关系，但全文的主人公却是父子俩，因此文章以父子为标题更合适。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania, waiting for a few latecomers. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional l ecture. That's right― during some runs, one of them delivers a talk. Topics range from the brain to Bitcoin.
But on this day last January, it would not be their normal run. The first clue that something was off was the man who sprinted past them. "Running at an amazing pace," Cassidy told Runner's World admiringly. Cassidy discovered why the sprinter was so fleet of foot when another man ran by, yelling, "Help! He took my phone and laptop!"
At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site. The runners split up. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood hoping he had dumped the loot (赃物)in a backyard.
No luck. So they decided to ask residents whether they'd seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one row house, they were in for a surprise. Unknown to them, he had already emerged from the construction site—and was hiding behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.
The members of this running group are not hard-core athletes. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise. ''Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat,"
Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. "But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities."
（1）Why do the group members gather together?
A.To do some stretching.
B.To have a regular run.
C.To deliver a lecture.
D.To cover some topics.
（2）What does the underlined word "sprinted" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Dashed.
B.Pushed.
C.Jumped.
D.Escaped.
（3）We can infer that the success of the chase is mainly due to____ .
A.the assistance of the runners
B.the owner of the row house
C.the campus police on patrol
D.the joint efforts of the people
（4）Which of the following best describes Cassidy?
A.Athletic and generous.
B.Courageous and ambitious.
C.Helpful and humorous.
D.Thoughtful and demanding.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等众人合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获的故事。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture.”宾州大学的同事和其他社区成员每周集结三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，可知，小组成员聚在一起是为了进行常规的跑步，故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“"Running at an amazing pace,"”可知，这个人跑的速度非常快，应该是从他们的身边疾驰而过，由此可知画线词词义为“猛冲”，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site.”及第四段中的“As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted o ut from behind the bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.”等细节描写可知，众人（跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等）合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获，故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief o ff”可知，劫案发生后，卡西迪马上投入到对嫌犯的追捕之中，这说明他乐于助人；再根据最后一段中的“‘Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat,’Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. ‘But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities.’”卡西迪对记者说“跑步通常是一项无用的运动，你可以将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用，这就是其中一个机会”，这是一种诙谐的说法，说明他很幽默，可知，卡西迪既乐于助人又有幽默感，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they're finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.
Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks(圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they'd receive a piece of apple in return.
If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys one apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that's not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.
Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both pieces only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.
Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.
In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they'd end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like again. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.
We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?
（1）What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment?
A. The monkeys show certain business sense.
B. Business theories can apply to all monkeys.
C. People are smarter in terms of finance.
D. It's easy to teach monkeys how to trade.
（2）What does a bonus in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. A metal disk.
B. An apple piece.
C. A chance.
D. A coin.
（3）Why did the monkeys choose to trade more with Jake in the second experiment? A. Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces. B. Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy.
C. Because they didn't like the feeling of losing.
D. Because they get more apple pieces from Jake.
（4）What could be the best title for the passage?
A. People's Business Decision: Lose or Gain?
B. Moneky's Business Sense: Smart or Silly?
C. Shopping for Bargain: Same or different?
D. Disk for Apple: Who to Trade with?
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们通过实验来说明，“猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？”
(1)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.”可知，专家们从第一个实验中得出的结论是“猴子表现出一定的商业意识。”故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus.可知，a bonus指代的是“一块苹果”，故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.”可知，猴子在第二个实验中会选择与杰克进行更多的交易是因为他们不喜欢失去的感觉。故选C。
(4)考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Research ers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. ...The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they d receive a piece of apple in return.”和最后一段中的“We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?”可知，本文说的是，猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear.
Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think
they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and intonation.
Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would make it easier to use their methods.
In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it. Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot be a formula. It must be real.
There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.
（1）Many people believe advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses probably because .
A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens
B. they are eager to learn and then believe them
C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts
D. the ways advertised prove effective and helpful
（2）What may behaviorists argue towards English learning?
A. Human beings make more interesting noises than parrots and chimpanzees.
B. Human beings should relate their speech to their own lives.
C. Language is a formula with lots of repetitions and practices.
D. Language is a means of communication.
（3）What opinion does the author hold?
A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist.
B. English can be mastered within a very short period of time.
C. Each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language.
D. No one can learn English well without being interested in it.
（4）What ways of learning is suggested by the author?
A. Study abroad.
B. Learn communicatively and situationally.
C. Follow the behaviorists' approach.
D. Teach oneself at home with dictionaries.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一名语言教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但是学英语不像广告中所说的那么轻松，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾
听的对象。用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“No doubt this is true to a certain extent, but it is not very helpful to students. ”可知许多人渴望学好这门语言，相信这些广告中宣传的学习语言能速成，故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences.”可知现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“In my perso nal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it.”可知作者认为，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.”可知还有一个相关的问题值得一提：在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。在学习较生疏的内容时，如果有其他学生和我们在实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
Tired of eating at the same boring restaurants? Looking for a change? Here are some restaurants that offer an original restaurant experience. See for yourself which ones you fancy.
An Exciting Dinner
Looking for something adventurous? The Archipelago in London is just the thing for you. One of the most popular dishes in this restaurant is crocodile. Yes, you read it correctly, crocodile. If that is not daring enough for you, there are plenty of other dishes on the menu.
A Restaurant with a View
Want to enjoy the sights while you're eating? Try the Top of the World restaurant. At about 244 meters above Las Vegas, diners can enjoy a spectacular view of Las Vegas in this revolving restaurant. However, the real adventure starts at the end of the meal. That's when the customers are taken from their seats at ground level to the observation rooms in elevators that travel at a remarkable speed.
A Theatrical Experience
Longing for dinner with some drama? Dine with mimes at Mime in Manchester. The service is unique. Your waiter will communicate your order in mime and keep you entertained with performances in between courses.
An Unusual Setting
Don't care about presentation? You'll be fine at the Modem Toilet restaurant in Taiwan. The theme of this restaurant is the toilet, and you would be surprised how many people queue up for
the experience of eating on toilet seats.
（1）What would you expect at the Top of the World restaurant?
A. A free ride
B. An interesting menu
C. A show during the meal
D. A bird's-eye view of London
（2）Which restaurant requires customers to order in an unusual way?
A. Archipelago
B. Top of the World
C. Mime
D. Modem Toilet
（3）Where is the passage likely to be taken from?
A. A research paper
B. An entertainment magazine
C. A thrilling novel
D. A fashion magazine
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有特色的餐馆。
(1)考查细节理解。根据A Restaurant with a View部分中的“That's when the c ustomers are taken from their seats at ground level to the observation rooms in elevators that travel at a remarkable speed.”可知在the Top of the World restaurant里吃饭，可期待免费乘骑的游乐设施，故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。根据A Theatrical Experience部分中的“The service is unique. Your waiter will communicate your order in mime and keep you entertained with performances in between courses.”可知在Mime餐馆中，服务员和顾客之间用无声地比画交流，故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。这篇文章主要介绍了几个有特色的餐馆，所以这篇文章最可能出现在娱乐杂志上，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生在捕捉细节信息同时，需根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Resorts of every kind have sprung up to cater to the Englishman need to spend a part of the year, however briefly, by the seaside. No town in Britain is more than eighty miles from the sea and there are seaside resorts all around the coast. On a summer Sunday most of the roads that lead to the sea axe congested with cars full of people eager to get a breath of sea air. In the evening when everyone is full of food, ice-cream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars.
Brighton
Brighton is one of the best-known south coast resorts and is very popular for day trip excursions. It is only fifty miles from London and can be reached by fast train in an hour. At the weekend the pebbled beaches are thronged with people sunbathing or picking their way to the water's edge for a dip.
Bournemouth
Located a hundred miles from London, the beaches are wide and sandy. White Houses line the
cliff tops and narrow valleys, densely wooded with pine trees, reach down to the shore. The area near to the town of Torquay on the Devon coast is sometimes called Britains Riviera and the climate is so mild that palm trees grow along the sea front.
Blackpool
On the north-west coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. At night people travel from miles around to see the extravaganza of lights decorating the sea front.
Southend
On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like Brighton, one of the favorite resorts of Londoners. The pier here is the longest in Britain and offers a great variety of differing entertainments.
（1）Why do people often have a long slow drive home on roads in summer?
A. Because it is extremely far from the sea.
B. Because people are full of food, ice-cream and lollypops.
C. Because too many returning cars often make a traffic jam.
D. Because people are attracted in the resorts so they leave slowly.
（2）Which resort is famous for its entertainments and grand lights?
A. Blackpool.
B. Bournemouth.
C. Briton.
D. Southend.
（3）Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. There are palm trees growing near Bournemouth.
B. Southend has the longest pier in Britain.
C. People crowded into the water's edge at Briton for a quick swim.
D. Southend is a better preferred resort than Briton by London locals.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了不列颠海岸线上4个供英国人在海滩度过每年的大量时间的度假胜地。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In the evening when everyone is full of food, ice-cream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowd ed with returning cars.”可知因为返程车辆致使路上拥堵，人们装满食物慢慢开车回家。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Blackpool 部分中的“On the north-west coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. ”可知Blackpool以其娱乐设施和奇妙壮丽的灯光而著名。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Southend 部分中的“On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like Brighton, one of the favorite resorts of Londoners.”可知Southend和Brighton 同样都是伦敦人最爱去的地方。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let's think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand?
Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.
So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed.
In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated(协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction.
For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person's circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used.
We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings.
（1）What's the author's attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Optimistic. D. Uncaring.
（2）Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?
A. To follow an old practice.
B. To help reduce energy use.
C. To completely replace air conditioners.
D. To help cut down on daily expenses.
（3）What's the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?
A. All parties should get started at the same time.
B. The basic architecture should be finished first.
C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction.
D. Seeking the small-house policy and some successful architects.
（4）What would be the best title for the text?
A. Waste less, live better
B. Goodbye, air conditioning
C. How to reduce the energy cost
D. Green buildings call for integrated design
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文。作者认为街边商店开放空调的做法虽然给人以凉爽的空气，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计，安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用电等能源。
（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.可知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人提神，但open-door practice却带来了成本，在空调降低温度过程中消耗了能量。可知是持不赞成的态度的。故答案选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. 如果我们按装吊扇，空调住宅一年中大部分时间可不用空调。吊扇使用的能量要少得多。由此可知建议安吊扇是因为能减少能源的使用。故答案选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第5 段为了使集成设计成功，各方必须团结起。找出更好的解决方案。这种恰当的正确的设计结果，可以减少空调负荷，减少电力照明用电，减少使用材料的数量。（Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. ）故答案C符合题意。故答案选C项。
（4）主旨大意题。作者认为商店开放空调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安装吊扇的节能环保的做法。这就需要要建筑房屋前统一的综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的节约的环保绿色的建筑。因此本文最好的标题是绿色建筑呼唤集成设计。故D项符合题意。【点评】主旨大意阅读理解题解题技巧：抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想
寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”；考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的；分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。
8．阅读理解
Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side-effects.
For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off— tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition(转型).
Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade
behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand— younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telecoms companies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economy—ATMs, vans carrying notes, tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees.
In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialise, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.
Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cyber-attacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over people's shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data.
（1）Some rich countries are trying to .
A. dematerialize money
B. get rid of the side-effects of cash
C. make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered species
D. promote payment without paper money or coins
（2）In paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to show .
A. the differences between developed and developing countries
B. that cash is still king across the world
C. digital payments are becoming a trend that cannot be stopped
D. China is developing faster that those developed countries in digital payment
（3）Cash is disappearing largely because .
A. younger consumers are short of money to live their digital lives
B. suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and data
C. the infrastructure is developing at a high speed in developed markets
D. financial firms want to abandon old-fashioned customers
（4）The author's attitude towards digitalized payment is .
A. favorable
B. negative
C. objective
D. indifferent
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，富裕国家正在减少现金支付,现金正在因为需求等原因消失。总的来说,无现金经济的未来是个好消息,但是对于电子支付人们也有一些担忧。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments.”可知, 富裕国家正竞相将支付非物质化；再根据第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail
cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”在过去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80％。结合上下文,可知某些富裕国家比如瑞典正在减少现金支付,推广不用纸币或硬币的支付方式,也就是电子支付方式。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在过去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80％；再根据“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中国,数字支付从2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中国的共同点是现金支付减少,电子支付比例上升,由此可推断作者提到瑞典和中国是为了说明数字支付正成为一种不可阻挡的趋势。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知现金消失的一个重要原因就是诸如银行和科技公司（在发达市场）和电信公司（在新兴市场）之类的供应商正在开发快速,易于使用的支付技术,他们可以从中提取数据和小费。运行现金经济背后的基础架构需要付出高昂的成本,这些基础设施包括自动取款机,载有纸币的货车,接受硬币的出纳员。大多数金融公司都渴望放弃它,或者以高昂的费用劝阻老式客户。也就是供应商为了减少成本,获取数据和小费,开发了更便捷的支付方式,导致现金支付的减少。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，,作者提到无现金支付即电子支付的好处,也提到电子支付引起的担忧,对待电子支付是客观的,故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
9．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland's past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods(间冰期)in northwest Greenland.
Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. "As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there," Axford said. "We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (迁徙)."
This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland's sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland's ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. "Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world," said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. "One of the big uncertainties in climate
science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today," said Axford.
People might be surprised to see how today's Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica's ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland's ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise.
Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.
（1）Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?
A.They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.
B.They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.
C.They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.
D.They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.
（2）The new information about Greenland is important because______________.
A.researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland's warming speed
B.it can help researchers better predict Greenland's response to warming
C.people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in Greenland
D.it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming
（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A.It is easier for today's scientists to find ancient lake deposits.
B.People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.
C.Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.
D.Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.
（4）Which do you think is the best title of the passage?
A.Greenland Used to Be Much Greener
B.Earth Once Experienced Warm Periods
C.Coastal Cities Warned of Coming Disasters
D.Northwest Greenland, A Perfect Destination
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在古代沉积物中发现的一条微小线索揭开了格陵兰岛过去和未来气候的大秘密。就在广阔的格陵兰冰原的西北边缘，研究人员发现了在最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥。现在研究人员认为，格陵兰北部的冰盖经历了比之前认为的更强烈的变暖。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record
two interglacial periods（间冰期）in northwest Gr eenland.”在格陵兰岛西北部，泥浆和常见苍蝇的残骸记录了两次间冰期；以及第二段中的“Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thou ght. ”尽管研究人员很早就知道这两个时期——全新世早期和最后一次间冰期——在北极经历了变暖，但混合的蝇类表明格陵兰岛甚至比之前认为的还要热。可知，在前两段中提到苍蝇的残骸是为了证明格陵兰岛的温度比之前认为的要高得多。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland's sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. ”可知，这些新信息可以帮助研究人员更好地测量格陵兰岛对气候变暖的敏感性。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. ‘Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,’” 可知，格陵兰岛覆盖了这个北极国家的80%，拥有相当于全球海平面20英尺的冰。“格陵兰西北部可能真的感觉很遥远，但冰盖的变化将关系到世界上每个沿海城市的每个人。”故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。本文通过最新的发现——最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥及湖泥中的苍蝇残骸及其相关研究说明格陵兰岛之前可能更暖和。因此，本文的最佳标题应为“格陵兰岛曾经更加绿色”。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you're being eaten alive within minutes of stepping outdoors.
If this is you, you're not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes' mouths water?
A popular myth claims that mosquitoes prefer certain blood types, but the fact is that they simply can't tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology (昆虫学) at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it's not complicated. "The two most important reasons a mosquito is attracted to you have to do with sight and smell." Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims (攻击对象) by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. That's why you commonly find them in crowded streets and parks.
Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, "Mosquitoes start orienting (使......朝向) themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as
they sense higher concentrations (浓度)."
As a result, people who simply exhale (呼出) more of the gas over time –generally, larger people – have been shown to attract more mosquitoes than others. "This is why kids don't get bitten as much ... as adults," US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert.
This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren't pregnant. In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes.
According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (视觉), people wearing dark colors are more likely to become targets.
Being bitten by mosquitoes is annoying, but don't worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists recommend that we use insect repellent (驱虫剂) and wear light-colored clothing.（1）How do mosquitoes locate their targets, according to the article?
A.By seeking out bright clothes.
B.By identifying different blood types.
C.By sensing an increase of carbon dioxide.
D.By following bigger crowds.
（2）Why are pregnant women more likely to be bitten by mosquitoes?
A.Their larger size helps mosquitoes to see them.
B.They breathe out more CO2.
C.They are more likely to sweat.
D.Their body temperatures are higher.
（3）How does the article advise you to avoid mosquitoes?
A.Exercise regularly.
B.Wear light-colored clothing.
C.Keep your skin dry and clean.
D.Stay indoors in the evening.
（4）What's the article mainly about?
A.A new finding about mosquitoes.
B.How people can avoid mosquito bites.
C.A popular myth about mosquitoes.
D.Why some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么有些人可以整个夏天坐在户外乘凉却不被蚊子叮咬，而有些人一出门就好像要被蚊子吃掉一样。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans
and animals. ”飞的时候，它们用嗅觉发现目标。它们通过闻人和动物呼出的二氧化碳来锁定目标；以及第五段中的“Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations”蚊子开始飞向有二氧化碳的地方，当它们感知到高浓度的二氧化碳时，就保持逆流飞行，可知，蚊子通过感知二氧化碳的增加来锁定目标。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第七段“This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren't pregnant.”对二氧化碳的喜欢使得孕妇很容易被蚊子咬，因为她们比正常相同年龄，相同体型的人呼出多余21%的二氧化碳，可知，孕妇呼出更多的二氧化碳，所以更招蚊子咬。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Scientists recommend that we use insect repellent and wear light-colored clothing.”科学家建议我们使用驱虫剂或者穿浅颜色的衣服。可知，文章建议我们可以通过穿浅色衣服来避免蚊子叮咬。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes' mouths water?”根据Smithsonian杂志，世界上大约20%的人容易招蚊子咬。为什么这些人非常吸引蚊子呢？可知，本文探讨的话题是：为什么一些人比其他人更容易招蚊子。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
中学生英语阅读新视野①词组 go without 没有, 缺乏, 将就 In those days we often had to go without supper. tell … apart It's difficult to tell the two girls apart. 这两个女孩很难分辨。 Without question 毫无疑问 He is without question the best man for the job. 毫无疑问, 他最适合干这份工作。 A number of 一些 A great number of problems have arisen. 出现了许多问题。 Take off 1.拿走, 取下; 去掉 Last night's strong wind nearly took the roof off! 昨夜的大风差一点把屋顶刮掉了。 2.脱去 I can't take my boots off, they're so tight! 靴子太紧了, 我脱不下来! 3.截断, 切除 I'm afraid the disease can't be stopped, so we shall have to take your leg off. 恐怕这病情控制不住了, 我们得把你的一条腿截肢。 4.(使)离开 I think I'll take myself off now. 我想我现在就得走。 5.起跳; 起飞 Watch that bird taking off from the branch! 注意看那只鸟从枝头飞起来! 6.(飞机)起飞 It's exciting to feel the plane taking off. 感觉到飞机起飞令人兴奋。 7.减轻(体重) I'm so pleased that I've been able to take off all that weight and get into my good clothes again! 我的体重终于减轻, 那些漂亮的衣服又合身了, 我真高兴! Around the world 世界各地 By accident 偶然地 He made this mistake by accident. 他犯这个错误纯属偶然。 Now and then
1．题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等 抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (NOT) correct? Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true EXCEPT… 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 2．解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： (1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 (2)词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。 (3)语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 (4)正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易 把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： (1)将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 (2)把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。 (3)无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 (4)偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 (5)文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提出的问题。 下面结合最新高考试题，对细节题的不同类型加以解读。 1．直接信息题 对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给
英语阅读理解最新详解-如何应对阅读理解中的细节题和推理题 一、做细节事实题的方法 在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：(1) 凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。(2) 干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。 二、做推理判断题的方法 所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。中考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种： 1．事实推断 这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。例如：According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold. C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn't been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost. 在阅读材料中，有这样一段文字： Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don't want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be "bad" news. 根据这段文字，我们可以推断：电视报道的新闻故事必须是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正确答案应为C。 2．指代推断 确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。 3．逻辑推断 这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。 4．对作者的意图和态度的推断 这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。 阅读理解10篇 Many children use the Internet to get useful knowledge and information, and to relax in their free time. But some of them are not using in a good way. Here are some rules to make sure you are safe and have fun on the Internet.
高考英语阅读之理解细节理解题 细节理解题在高考中占有较大比例，其主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。 一：常见的设问方式有： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… 二．常见题型 1.wh类细节题； 2.数据计算题； 3.排序题； 4.是非题； 5.图标题 三、设题方式 1．语意转换。细节理解题设题时为了避免出现原文中所用的词汇，常常使用一些同义词、近义词或反义词(双重否定)。因而在解题时要注意语意转换。 2．设题顺序。一般来说，题序与其相关信息在文中的顺序一致，如某题的答案信息往往会在下一小题的答案信息之前。 3．设题干扰项。 (1)正误并存：部分正确，部分错误。 (2)扩大或缩小范围：是原文信息，但不是题干要求。 (3)偷换概念：符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 (4)以偏概全：与原句的内容极其相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动。 (5)无中生有：明显不是文章的信息，与文章事实不符或相反。 四、解题步骤 1．迅速定位，缩小范围。通过寻读法(scanning)，用题干中的关键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。 2．理解其意，对照选项。在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读，准确理解，对照选项，看哪个选项的意思与之最接近。 3．排除干扰，选出答案。在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，不断缩小范围，选出正确答案。 五、典例精析 1.wh类细节题 1) Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Q: Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? A. To take special kinds of food B. To respond to climate change. C. To lose weight D. To improve their health 2).Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability. Q: How do people of higher income see their future? A. They will earn less money. B. They will become pessimistic. C. They will suffer mental illness. D. They will have less time to enjoy life. 3)(2012全国Ⅰ卷C篇) Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg，distance of about eighty miles. It was late. Several times I got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left,and I becoming increasingly impatient. Q: Why did the author get impatient while driving? A.He was lonely on the road. B.He was slowed down by a truck. C. He got tired of driving too long. D. He came across too many traffic lights. 4)Software Trainer If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make you own
2015年高考英语阅读及解析（卷） 英语 II、阅读（共两节，25题，满分50分） 第一节、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Peter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, “Uh, look, the game box haven’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money. ” Peter examined the box, and, sure enough, it was completely covered in factory-sealed plastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box. “You should put that up for auction (拍卖) on the Internet, and see what happens.” the salesgirl said. “Yes, you’re right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years lat er.” “Don’t forget to tell me if you sell it.” the salesgirl smiled. “No problem.” Peter said. After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. But he couldn’t fin d it. Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years, the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors. He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game. Peter emailed some of them, telling them what he had. Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop. “Hello. Do you still remember the unopened word game?” The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!” “I’ve got something for you,” Peter said. “I sold the game and made $1,000. Thank you for your suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills. “Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you,I never expected it.” 26. Which of the following best describes Peter’s word game? A. It was made around 40 years ago. B. It had game boards in different sizes. C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal. D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors. 27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peter’s word game? A. Old and handy. B. Rare and valuable. C. Classic and attractive. D. Colorful and interesting 28. Peter got the names of the game fans from _________. A. an auction B. the Internet C. a game shop D. the second-hand shop 29. What happened at the end of the story? A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward. B. The salesgirl became Peter’s friend. C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000. D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again. 30. What is the main theme of the story? A. It’s important to keep a promise. B. It’s great to share in other people’s happiness. C. We should be grateful for the help from others. D. Something rare is worth a large amount of money. B When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing w ith my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think lik e a fish”, I remember being even more upset then because, “I’m not a fish!” I
中考英语阅读目录 Crazy Reading 1 The Sphinx (2) Crazy Reading 2 Blogging (6) Crazy Reading 3 Blockbuster Movies (10) Crazy Reading 4 Body Language (14) Crazy Reading 5 The Tour de France (18) Crazy Reading 6 Left-Handedness (23) Crazy Reading 7 Jennifer Lopez (27)
Crazy Reading 1 The Sphinx Answer the following questions. 1．What do you know about the famous monument in Egypt? ______________________ 2．Do you know any other Egyptian monuments? _______________________________ 3．What are some famous monuments in your country? ____________________________ Match each word with the best meaning. 1．_____ archaeologist a．to make something look like it did when it was new 2．____ cane b．easy to see 3．______ crawl c．a stick made of wood or metal used to help a person walk 4．______ monument d．to move slowly and close to the ground 5．____ restore e．a person, animal, or thing made from wood, stone, or metal 6．____riddle f．to show great respect for 7．____ statue g．a question that requires cleverness to answer 8．____ strangle h．to kill someone by squeezing their neck so they can’t breathe 9．______visible i．a sculpture or building built in memory of a person or historical event For any tourist visiting Egypt, there are two things that everyone must see. The first is the 173-meter-high Great Pyramid of Giza, the largest of all the pyramids in Egypt. The second is the Great Sphinx of Giza, a sculpture with the body of a lion and the head of a man, which stands 20 meters tall and 73 meters long. The origin of the Great Sphinx of Giza goes back 5,000 years, Although many sphinx sculptures have been found over the years, researchers believe that the Great Sphinx which guards the pyramids in Giza was actually the first one to be made (around 2600-2500B.C.). The head of the Sphinx represents Khafre, the Pharaoh who ruled Egypt at the time. About two thousand years later, around 570 B.C., sand had covered all but the head of the Great Sphinx. The people living in the area had forgotten the history of the statue, so they imagined that the head represented the sun god Ra and began worshiping it. The son of Pharaoh Amenhotep II heard the head speak to him in a dream. The Sphinx’s head made him promise to clear the sand from the statue’s body. The son, Thutmose, kept his word and did what he was told in the dream. He also built walls around the statue to prevent the sand from covering it again. After all of the sand was cleared away, Thutmose made a large stone tablet that told the story of his dream. He placed this tablet between the two front feet of the Sphinx, where it stands to this day. For hundreds of years, the Sphinx attracted people both as a religious monument and as a work of art. But eventually, the desert sand once again covered the Sphinx, leaving only
高考阅读理解之细节理解题 姓名：______________ 班级：____________________ 提醒语： 1．确定题干，到原文快速搜索相关信息，对信息进行处理！ 2．忌主观臆断！ 3．细节题是高考考查的重点，占阅读的50%，应重视。 【考例分析1】For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do? （2010·湖北卷·B篇） Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict? A. Both can continue for generations B. Both are about where to draw the line C. Neither has any clear winner D. Neither can be put to an end 【考例分析2】The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. （2010·湖南卷·C） What were the people asked to do in the study? A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers? faces. 【考例分析3】Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of “Do not do to others what you would not want others to you. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes. （2010·江西卷·C）Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that . A. all men were equal when they were born B. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to 【考例分析4】Since Beijing's first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe. In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe. （2010·全国卷II·C） Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Europe? A. To visit more ski areas. B. To ski on natural snow. C. For a large collection of ski suits. D. For better services and equipment. 【考例分析5】He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones.
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
细节理解题的解题步骤和方法 一、教学引入 细节理解题.是高考英语阅读理解最重要的一类题型。根据我的分类，所有的阅读理解题型按照答案在文中出现的位置和形式不通，可以分为细节理解和主旨大意两大类，而前一类在整个题量当中大概会占到80%甚至以上的比例。 二、细节理解题的分类 细节理解题的答案往往不是文章中的细节在选项中的简单重复，而是根据文中的细节经过合理的推理或转化得出的。 1．同样，按照答案在原文中出现的位置，细节理解题可以分为集中型细节理解题和分散型细节理解题。 （1）集中型：就文章的单个细节提问，答案在原文中出现的位置一般也位于单句话或几句话中。 因为具体细节不同，出题形式千变万化，因题而异。如： 【2010江苏】57. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably 【2010上海】70.. As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that （2）分散型：题目涉及到文章某一段或几段，甚至贯穿全文的各个位置，需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。请注意，分散型细节理解题并不意味着题目的正确答案出现在文章的不同位置，正确答案往往也是关于文章的某一个句子或细节。只是说文章的干扰选项是关于不同的细节，需要我们在定位的时候阅读某一个区域。分散型细节理解题常见的出题方式有： Which of the following is not true? We can learn/infer from the passage that… Which of the follow ing is NOT mentioned about …? 也有因题而异的，有些看似集中的其实也分散在文中，需要考生仔细定位。如： 【2010江苏】61. Some people are against killing wolves because . 原文所陈述的原因有很多段，而并不是单个的句子。 2. 就题目形式而言，细节理解题的表现形式是多种多样的，最常见的有： （1）文章细节：针对文中细节直接提问 （2）指代判断：判断文中某个代词或特定词组的指代关系 （3）图表数据：对题目中的图标和数据进行简单的计算 （4）词义猜测：推测文中某个词或词组的含义 （5）顺序排列：选择文中细节出现的正确的时间顺序或逻辑顺序 （6）态度目的：作者在文中引入某个细节的目的，或对某个细节或细节人物的态度 三、细节理解解题方法 三大法宝：顺序原则、定位词、排除法 1. 把握解题的顺序原则。一般来说隐含题目答案的位置与题目的顺序是一致的，这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高效率。我们做题时可以采用采用步步为营法，看一题做一题。 【2010广东】 C Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly, The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms. Certain microorganisms (微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release (释放) poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepaid. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops. Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with ditty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from gnawing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat raid mushrooms or other foods that