News Language and the Study of International Reporting
JACK Li iJi
The years 1990 and 1991 again confirmed the importance of studies in international reporting. The annual wire service rankings of the top 10 stories of 1990 contained seven international subjects, including Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, the reunification of Germany, and the surrender of Panama's Manuel Noriega.' And with war in the Persian Gulf and revolution in Eastern Europe, 1991 has seen international reporting continue to dominate the news.
Recent years have also seen great changes in the practice of journalism around the globe. The Communist press model was discarded in several Eastern European nations, including the Soviet Union, yet governments proved unwilling to relinquish state control.^ U.S. international reporting, especially from the Middle East, has been subjected to increasing censorship from other governments as well as the U.S. military.
Death and danger have also marked the years. Reporters were assaulted and
detained in tlae Middle East. In many nations, especially in Latin America, reporters have been kidnapped and slain by those who sought to silence their investigations.-
As international events continue to shape the world and journalism, study of international reporting should assume great importance in the journalism curriculum.
Students who will never set foot off U.S. soil will need to know key international events, how and why those events are reported, and the implications of those events for the practice of journalism around the world.
The purpose of this essay is to present a model outline for the international reporting class. Attempting to incorporate aspects of instruction in comparative media systems as well as analyses of media, it explores the structure of the course and the outcome of its instruction. Specifically, the approach was an analysis of international reporting, rather than a skills course in foreign correspondence. It applied concepts from philosophy, political science, and rhetoric to focus on the language of international news and the reporting process by which a very few global events are selected and crafted into the symbolic form of the news report.
The goal was increased understanding of international news. News language
was defined as journalistic conventions and canon—traditional practices and policies —that structure and shape news reports for both print and broadcast media.
Jack Lude is assistant professor of journalism at Lehigh University.
Journalism EDUCATOR 66
These conventions include the focus and reliance upon events, summary leads, inverted pyramid construction, broadcast stand-ups, use of interviews and official sources, the dominance of political leaders as sources, and the very conception of the news report. Often taken for granted, these conventions, and the ways they are used in global settings, are integral to understanding international reporting.^ This approach —although a difficult philosophical leap for many
students — was rewarded with deepened insights into the promise and problems of international reporting.
Course objectives
Despite their importance, international communication or reporting classes have received little attention in previous research. Several scholars, however, have attempted to incorporate international dimensions into the journalism curriculum.' Along similar lines, interesting research applies insights from anthropology to develop intercultural dimensions in the curriculum."
Of course, the global component of a program can be given most depth and attention in a course solely devoted to international journalism. One means of bringing this component to programs is through coursework devoted to foreign correspondence. As the literature suggests, however,
not many programs have the resources for such a specific course. Rather, as reflected in important texts, the global component of journalism programs is often conceived as a survey of global media systems and an analysis of issues facing the field.
For example, John Merrill's Global Journalism: Survey of International Communication begins with four chapters that provide background and analysis of media philosophy, news fiow, the media systems approach, and current controversies in global communication. The book's second part offers a comprehensive rundown of media systems in six world regions.'
Likewise, L. John Martin and Anju Grover Chaudhary, authors of Comparative Mass Media Systems, first provide an overview chapter on the goals and roles of media systems. They then discussed essential issues, such as the nature of news, the use of media as vehicles for education and entertainment, press freedom and media economics —each from the perspective of the Western, Gommunist and Third Worlds."
The approach applied here incorporated aspects of the survey course as well as foreign correspondence. The emphasis, however, was on analysis and understanding of the practice of journalism on a global scale. International reporting thus was approached in two ways. It embraced the practice of journalism in individual countries around the world, including a study
of comparative media systems. But it also allowed analysis of the conventions underlying U.S. foreign correspondence.
Again, this approach to international reporting promoted study of the language of news and stressed that the language of international news encourages particular events to be reported and in a particular way.
From the outset, students applied the thoughts of James Garey to critical study of international reporting: "Press criticism," Garey wrote, "is essentially the criticism of language, it is a vital response on the part of the public to the language the press uses to describe events and to the events that accepted standards of journalistic language allow to be described."*
Study of news language
The course was designed for 15 to 20 journalism and non-journalism majors of junior standing
and above, meeting for the usual 50 minutes, three days a week, over a 15-week semester. Because of the large amount of material, organization and pacing were essential. The semester was divided into two parts; each part had two required texts.
To study the language of international reporting, students needed to gain sensitivity to and understanding of news conventions. Basic questions were addressed: What gets reported and why? How is it reported and how could it have been reported? Two texts provided a framework: Daniel J. Boorstin's The Image: A Guide to Pseudo Events in America and Murray Edelman's Constructing the Political Spectacle.'"
Almost 30 years ago, in The Image, Boorstin provided insights into news conventions that still ring true today. His analyses of pseudo-events, the manufacture and meaning of celebrity, and the process of image making add greatly to understanding reporting, particularly international reporting.
In his first chapter, for example, Boorstin discusses pressures that transformed news gathering to news making. He traces the rise of many news conventions, including pseudo-events, interviews, presidential press conferences, press releases, news leaks, and other staples of reporting. Such conventions seek to satisfy the modem era's "extravagant expectations" about "what happens in the world, how much of it is new, and surprising, and important," Boorstin says."
Another of Boorstin's important insights is the creation of celebrity. A celebrity, Boorstin says, is a human pseudoevent, "a person who is known for his wellknownness."" Celebrities have replaced heroes, Boorstin argues, and the molding and marketing of celebrity has become an essential part of the political process.
For four weeks, students updated Boorstin's analysis and applied his insights to international reporting. For example, examples of broadcast and prestige press coverage of modem international news fixtures, such as summits, conferences, treaty signings, and arms talks were broken down and analyzed from Boorstin's perspective on pseudo-events. His discussion of how news conferences "produce'' news was supported by televised reports on the Gulf War press briefings.
Boorstin's insights into how political celebrities can be created by news language were exemplified by U.S. reporting of Mikhail Gorbachev. Clippings from early U.S. press coverage of Gorbachev in newsmagazines were compared to later clippings to reveal the path of his varied celebrity — from media-slick ideologue to far-sighted diplomat to Nobel Peace Prize winner to neo-Stalinist reactionary. Coverage of other international political celebrities, such as George Bush, Lech Walesa, Vaclav Havel and others, was discussed.
In the three weeks following, students read Edelman's little book that adds to Boorstin's insights with a sophisticated analysis of political language and the reporting process. Edelman's chapter on the construction and uses of political leaders, for example, was a perfect complement to
Boorstin's discussion on the creation of celebrity. "Everyday reporting of the political spectacle systematically reinforces the assumption that leaders are critical to the course of governmental
action,' Edelman notes. The media, he says, "thrive upon heroes, villains, contests for votes, legislative and judicial victories and defeats, and especially upon the evocation of leaders with whom people can identify or whom they can blame for their discontents.""
Edelman also probes a dark side of international reporting. He provides insights into the process by which global enemies can unify political consensus—a process in which reporting is essential. Citing and extending Boorstin's work, Edelman affirms the integral role of news language in constructing such political spectacles. He writes: "It is language about political events, not the events in any other sense, that people experience; even developments that are close by take their meaning from the language that depicts them. So political language is political reality."'*
The class compared Edelman's and Boorstin's views on political leaders and again reviewed the newsmagazine coverage of Mikhail Gorbachev. The class applied Edelman's thoughts on political enemies to international news by studying news clippings and television stories of
figures such as Khomeini, Noriega, Hussein and others.
To finish this section, students pondered the words of George Orwell: "Political language — and with variations this is true of all political parties, from Conservatives to Anarchists — is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind."" Students considered the role of news in maintaining and shaping such language.
Global journalism
In the second part of the semester, the students then considered the global survey perspective, focusing on international reporting in other countries. Using Merrill's or Martin and Ghaudhary's book, the class devoted four weeks to surveying and comparing media systems, with emphasis on the reporting process and news language. "The raw materials from which the news is fashioned are events that may or may not be readily accessible to all," Martin and Ghaudhary note. "The acts in themselves are not news. They become news when they have been processed by a reporter and editor, much as air and water are not commodities that can be traded commercially until they have been bottled and marketed.""
Much time was devoted to current problems in international journalism discussed by the texts. For example, Merrill offers a chapter that traces the continuing struggle over news flow." Students extended the discussion to the emerging role of GNN as a conduit for telediplomacy and examined updated information on the new world information order and U.S. relations with UNESGO. Likewise, the Martin and Ghaudhary text provides three excellent chapters on the conception and practice of international press freedom.'" Students updated these chapters with discussions
of the current status of glasnost and continuing threats to press freedom in Ghina, Latin America, and other regions.
Seeking to counter the vertigo that can result from a somewhat breathless survey of world media systems, the class also spent four weeks focussing on media in one particular country—the Soviet Union. Using Ellen Mickiewicz's Split Signals: Television and Politics in the Soviet Union,
the class confronted news canon and convention in a very different press system."
Mickiewicz analyzes international news on Soviet television, Moscow reporters in Washington, the image of Americans on Soviet television, sources for Soviet newspeople in America and other topics. Using Mickiewicz's analysis and insights from area scholars, the class contrasted U.S. and Soviet news values.
Beyond the books
Every attempt was made to make the subject of international reporting come alive. Throughout the course, readings and discussions were supplemented by outside material. Videotapes that described U.S. network news production were valuable. Students were introduced to beisic technical conventions, such as stand-ups, camera angles, lighting, and the like, which help structure local, national and international news broadcasts.^"
Movies and television programs that dealt with international reporting were also
helpful. For example, clips from Warren Beatty's "Reds,"' which chronicled the lives of correspondents Jack Reed and Louise Bryant as they covered the Russian Revolution, gave the class some fun and flavor. News programs on Mideast hostages led to discussion of the story of Terry Anderson, the Associated Press chief Middle East correspondent, who had been held captive since being kidnapped at gunpoint on March 16,1985, and recently released.
Guest speakers were essential to personalize material. Area scholars familiar with particular international media systems were encouraged to bring and analyze specific examples of news reporting. Important insights were provided by former foreign correspondents. Fortunately, the course has been taught near metropolitan papers whose staffs contain a number of reporters with international experience. Their visits were planned for late in the semester so students ask more sophisticated questions. Most reporters have been intrigued by the discussions because international news conventions and canon were topics they had not often confronted. Glasses without access to correspondents might find that video profiles of prominent journalists can personalize reporting for students.^'
Reporting research
Projects, papers and exams were designed to have students apply their insights to cases of international reporting. The first analysis was based upon Boorstin's work; students were required to find and submit a U.S. newspaper article filed from outside U.S. borders that met Boorstin's criteria for a pseudo event. Students showed how features of the report's language confirmed Boorstin's discussion.
Other analyses were based upon Edelman's ideas on the construction of political enemies. Students found and submitted newspaper articles that degraded and demeaned U.S. "enemies,' such as Noriega and Hussein; they isolated conventions by which enemies were constructed in the news.
To dramatize the impact of conglomeration and consolidation on international news, another assignment was a two-person presentation on media barons who dominate the ever-shrinking world of international journalism. Individuals and organizations profiled have included
Rupert Murdoch, Robert Maxwell, Katharine Graham, Jean-Luc Lagardere, Hachette SA,
Reinhard Mohn, Bertelsmann AG, Al Neuharth, Time-Warner, Gapital Gities, and Ted "Rimer."
The final project was a research paper that introduced the class to international news research. Each student was to carry out a preliminary quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the work of a U.S. Moscow correspondent." Using a brief coding scheme, developed by students themselves, each student researched for a three-week period: story subject, placement, length, location in the Soviet Union, Soviet and American sources, and other topics. Each student was encouraged to probe stories using insights from Boorstin and Edelman. That is, were stories based upon pseudo events, as Boorstin suggests? Did U.S. news use the Soviet Union as a political enemy, as Edelman suggests? In final classes, students compared results of their papers, attempting to bring together the analyses and insights of the semester.
Evaluation
The major weakness of the course discussed here: too much ground to cover. Entire seminars are taught on critical analysis of news language and conventions - and entire seminars are devoted to surveys of media systems. The combination of the two areas, although producing rich insights into international reporting, definitely strained the limited time and resources of
the course.
The primary implication of this wealth of material was that the survey of global media systems was restricted. Although four weeks were devoted to the survey, some nations or regions were travelled through hastily. Because such a survey already is tightly compacted, cutting material was difficult. Some essential subject areas, such as media economics, were touched on all too briefiy.
One way designed to combat this weakness was group presentations of survey material. Groups of four or five students were responsible for particular sections of the survey text. For example, from the Merrill text, divided by world regions, students presented summaries of each system. Or, from the Martin and Chaudhary text, divided by subjects, students made presentations on topics from Westem, Communist and Third World perspectives. Groups supplemented text material with research and interviews with scholars and intemational students. Groups were encouraged to make the material memorable and enjoyable by using props, visual and/ or audio materials.
Despite the challenges faced by the amount of material, important benefits resulted from this approach to intemational reporting. In formal evaluatory essays and informal discussions, students reported that they received deepened insights into how intemational news "works." They said they came to a fuller understanding of how news, especially international news, is influenced and shaped by media conventions.
Although the course retained its appeal to joiimalism majors, the broad approach also seemed to be relevant to other majors, such as political science, intemational relations, area studies, and others. As international events continue to shape the world as well as the news, study of the language of intemational reporting can prepare students for life as citizens in the global village
1分钟短篇英语新闻[英语新闻报道短篇] 中至少包括其中三个要素:who,what和when,这些是新闻报道中最具价值的三要素. (二) 倒金字塔结构所谓倒金字塔结构,也称为倒叙法,即按新闻事实重要程度由要点到细节逐步扩展,安排全文.倒金字塔结构 英语考试的时候,最让我们的同学们头疼的事情就是短文阅读了.我们要想在英语考试中拿到一个比较高的分数,我们就需要在阅读方面尽可能的不要失分.所以,为了帮助大家能够得到更高的分数,为大家了做阅读的一些技巧,大家自己看看. (一)整体阅读,预测主旨通过预测文章的主旨,学生能迅速有效地整体理解全文,教学中我们要帮助学生学会运用不同的策略预测文章主旨.学生可以借助修辞图式来顺利地完成预测主旨的任务,因为一般阅读材料文章体裁、篇章结构都有一定的规律可循.例如有标题文章,学生要学会从标题入手进行预测.新闻报道文章大多有标题,标题又常常是全文的中心、主题,是文章内容的高度浓缩的精华,学生可通过阅读 8 题,每小题 1 分,对话长度不变. 5. 短文理解 ( 3 段 ) 题型不变,分值由原来的每小题 1 分调整为每小题 2 分.6. 考试时间由原来的 35 分钟减为 25 分钟. 二、新闻听力解题技巧新闻听力为六级听力考试新加题型,本部分新闻内容一般 voa、bbc 或 n 等国外知名传媒节目中为学生所熟悉的新闻报道或短评等,题材多样化,涉
及文化、教育、体育、人物、经济、自然、科技、生活等方面.考生在备考时,可以有针对性地拓宽自己的知识面和新闻敏感度. 新题型的加入增加了听力的难度,很多学生反应听不懂,其实,不管题型如何变,考查的知识点还是一样的,还是那句话,听力就是要多听多练,没有一定的量,很难有质的变化,所以,对于新题型同学们只有选择尽快适应,加紧练习. 对于要考四级的小伙伴们来说,了解出题的类型是很重要的.下面是我为大家准备的关于大学英语四级考试新闻听力的两大命题特点,希望可以帮到你们. 大学英语四级考试改革以后,在听力部分删除了短对话,增加了3篇新闻听力,而这3篇新闻短文一般国外知名传媒节目,一般新闻题材十分多样,涉及政治、经济、文化、教育、体育、灾难、自然、科技等方方面面.对考生的知识面和词汇的要求很高.因此建议广大考生,在备考时,可以有针对性地拓宽自己的知识面和新闻敏感度,在最后的冲刺阶段,每天坚持精听两到三篇新闻报道,多坚持多积累一些新闻词汇. (一)从题材上看,“坏事”考得尤其多.往往不好的事件更容易引起人们的关注,所以 .特别是对于一些常见的词汇要做到记准记牢,而对于一些词组要充分了解其使用要求和准确的含义,确保在考试过程中不出现歧 义.(3)要注重文化背景的学习,掌握西方文化的基本知识,在考试过程中能够有的放矢.特别是在新闻听力部分的考试中,要掌握西方文
传播Communication 内向/自我传播Intrapersonal Communication 人际传播Interpersonal Communication 群体传播Group Communication 组织传播Organization Communication 大众传播Mass Communication 单向传播One-Sided Communication 双向传播Two-Sided Communication 互动传播Interactive Communication 媒介Media 大众传播媒介Mass Media 新媒介New Media 新闻洞News Hold 新闻价值News Value 传播者Communicator 主动传播者Active Communicator 受传者/受众/阅听大众Audience 受众兴趣Audience Interest 受众行为Audience Activity 信息Information 信号Signal 讯息Message 信息熵Entropy 冗余/冗余信息Redundancy 传播单位Communication Unit 奥斯古德模式Osgood Model 编码Encode 解码Decode 信源Source 传播的数学理论Mathematical Theory of Communication 传播渠道Communication Channel 有效传播Effective Communication 传播效果Effects 知识沟Knowledge-Gap 使用与满足模式Uses and Gratifications Model 使用与依从模式Uses and Dependencys Model 口传系统System of Oral Communication 地球村Global Village 内爆Implosion 全球化Globalization 本土化Localization 数字化Digitalization 电子空间Cyber Space 文化帝国主义Culture Imperialism 跨文化传播Intercultural Communication 守门人Gatekeeper 新闻采集者News Gatherers 新闻加工者News Processors
-Hi. W , What are you doing now. -Hi . L . I want to buy a news paper . -why don’t you see news in Internet ,more and more people don’t comprehend news in newspaper . -Internet .why? -The Internet can help you easily obtain more information ,and the Internet don’t require natural resources to make . So the Internet will replace the newspaper in future . -But the newspaper has many features can’t replace the scent of the ink . take feel of paper in one’s hands, the turning over of pages. -May be you are right . There may be fewer people reading newspaper , but the are enough of them to keep it alive. -Yeah now I want to try to use the Internet to see the news , Could you teach me . -Yes , of course .come on. -你好。W,你正在做什么。 -你好。l 我想买一个新闻报纸。 -为什么你没有看见新闻在互联网,越来越多的人不理解新闻在报纸。互联网,为什么? 互联网可以帮助你轻松——得到更多的信息,和互联网不需要自然资源制作。所以互联网将取代报纸在未来。 但报纸有很多功能不能取代芳香的墨水。把感觉纸在某人手中,翻的页面。
新闻英语标题翻译:欣赏及汉译 我们在阅读英语报刊时，不仅要学会看借新闻标题，而且最好还能善于欣赏并翻 译新闻标题，惟有如此，我们才能较正确地理解英语新闻标题的词汇、语法及修辞等 特点，判断出标题的寓意。 欣赏或翻译英语新闻标题时应该兼顾三个方面：准确理解标题，领悟其妙处；适 当照顾译文特点，增强可读性；重视读者的接受能力。欣赏或翻译英语新闻标题，对 于不太熟悉英语国家历史、文化背景的读者来说，有时并不是很容易的。许多妙不可 言的精彩之处，一疏忽就可能从眼皮底下滑过去。因此，这就要求我们平时注意积累，不断熟悉英语国家的历史掌故、文艺作品以及英语的修辞手段等等。一旦真的领会并 译出了英语标题中作者苦心营造的深奥内涵，那份喜悦不亚于数学家攻克一道难题。 一、直译或基本直译 如果英语标题的含义明白、直接，译成汉语以后中国读者不至于产生理解上的困难，则可直译或基本直译。如： Looking Back To Look Ahead. 回首往昔展望未来。 America's Careening Foreign Policy. 摇摆不定的美国对外政策。 Bill Clinton Assumes Office In White House As Us President. 比尔，克林顿入主白宫，就任美国总统。（或译：克林顿入主白宫，新总统始掌 大权。） Olympics Begin In Style; Swimmer Takes 1st Gold. 奥运会隆重开幕泳将夺首枚金牌。
二、添加注释性词语 即使是明白易懂的新闻标题，我们在汉译时也常需酌情加上逻辑主语，或新闻人物的国籍、消息的事发地点等等。总之，应兼顾中英语新闻标题之异同，适当增补有关介绍性、注释性词语以利读者理解，避免产生误会。例如： Li Elected Cppcc Head. 李（瑞环）当选为全国政协主席。 Lewis, Xie Voted World's Top Two. 路（易斯）谢（军）当选世界最佳男女（运动员）。 Emperor's Visit A Milestone In Bilateral Ties. 天皇访华：（中日）双边关系的里程碑。 Quake Death Toll Tops 5000. （日本限神地区）地震死亡人数己逾五千。 Young Wheelers, Big Dealers. 青年摩托车手成了（保险公司）大主顾。 三、体现原文修辞特点 如果英语标题寓意于某种修辞手段，如双关、比喻、押韵等，译成汉语以后中国读者不至于产生理解上的困难，则应尽可能体现原标题的修辞特色。如： 押韵：After The Boom Everything Is Gloom.
1、hello, everyone, i am glad to be able to stand here today to share with you the latest news.i am not good at english, if the play is not good please bear with me.first, let us look at a foreign news.have you seen a movie in 1997 called the titanic?do you know this year is the titanic shipwreck 100th anniversary?lets look at news. ****titanics dead mourned 100 years later in poignant ceremony at sinking site at the shrill sound of a ships whistle in the north atlantic, relatives of some of the more than 1,500 people who died when the titanic sank after hitting an iceberg remembered their ancestors in a poignant ceremony a century later. on a still, starry night and with little glare from the moon, the memorial cruise ship ms balmoral floated above the wreckage of the famous unsinkable luxury liner precisely 100 years to the day it foundered. the ship, the biggest in the world at the time, foundered in frigid atlantic waters off newfoundland on april 15, 1912. on saturday, balmorals ships whistle pierced the air at 11.40 pm, the exact time the titanic hit the iceberg, followed by a two-minute silence. most of balmorals 1,300 passengers then squeezed onto the deck for a service and hymns, and to watch three wreaths be thrown into the calm waters at 2.20am sunday morning, the moment she sank. next let us have a vidio see （视频） 2、well, let us now to look concerned about the national news.first is that the recent economic situation in china. ****china loosens currency controls on the yuan from monday, the yuan can fluctuate up to 1% in trading against the us dollar from a fixed price set by the central bank, the peoples bank of china said. that is up from the previous limit of 0.5%. the increase of the trading band was announced in english, a rare statement that suggests it was targeted at foreign audiences. china has been under pressure to let the yuan appreciate. nations like the us believe that china keeps the yuan artificially low to boost its exports, giving it an unfair trading edge. chinas decision to widen the daily trading band for its exchange rate, if implemented in a way that allows the value of the exchange rate to reflect market forces, could contribute rebalancing, which would be positive for china, the united states, and the global economy, an official told reuters. he added there was still a misalignment with regards to chinas exchange rate and more progress is needed. 3、in recent years ， several cases of school bus accidents have taken place , causing death and injury of many children and students, take guangdong for example， the accident resulted in two childrens deaths and 15 children were injured. let us see the news ###guangzhou - two children were killed and 15 others injured when a kindergarten school bus slammed into a truck in south chinas guangdong province, local authorities said monday. the accident happened at about 4 pm in the city of yangchun, according to publicity
一．国际事务： negotiations，delegate，delegation，summit 峰会 charter n. 特许状，执照，宪章 pledge n. 诺言，保证，誓言，抵押，信物，保人，祝愿vt. 许诺，保证，使发誓，抵押，典当，举杯祝……健康 vt. 特许，发给特许执照 promote peace 促进和平 boost economic co-op 加强经济合作 make concession/compromise 作出妥协 pass a resolution 通过决议 sanction n. 核准，制裁，处罚，约束力 vt. 制定制裁规则，认可，核准，同意 default n. 违约，不履行责任，缺席，默认值 vt. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认 vi. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认 veto a bill 否决议案 break the deadlock 打破僵局 a scientific breakthrough 科学突破 an unexpected outcome 出乎意料的结果 sign/ratify an accord/deal/treaty/pact/agreement 签署协议diplomatically isolated country 在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions 外交解决方案 hot spot 热点 take hostilities toward..... 对……采取敌对态度 ethnic cleansing 种族排斥 refugee，illegal aliens 非法移民 mediator 调解员 national convention 国民大会 fight corruption 反腐败 corrupted election 腐败的选举 peace process 和平进程 give a boost to... 促进 booming economy 促进经济发展 mutual benefits/interests 双赢 Defense Minister，evacuate，flee from Pentagon 五角大楼impose/break a deadline 规定/打破最后期限 retaliate 报复 banking reform 金融改革 commissioner 代表 go bankrupt 破产 file for bankruptcy 提出破产 deputy 代表
Go grandmaster Lee Se-dol of South Korea and computer program AlphaGo are facing off in the final game of the century of the ancient Chinese board game. The final game of the best-of-five series began at 1 pm, or 0400 GMT, in Seoul. Lee is the Go World Champion. He won the fourth game after three straight losses to AlphaGo. The computer program was developed by Google's London-based artificial intelligence subsidiary DeepMind. Lee won playing white stones. He believes AlphaGo has more trouble playing black, which means making the first move. So Lee requested to play black in the final game, saying it would make a win more valuable. Google’sAlphaGocomputersystemsealeda 4-1 victoryoveraSouthKoreanGograndmasteronTuesday, inalandmarkmomentforthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence. 周二，谷歌(Google)的AlphaGo计算机系统以4比1的总比分战胜了韩国围棋大师李世石(LeeSe-dol)。这是人工智能发展中的一个里程碑时刻。 MasteryoftheeastAsiangameofGowaslongseenasasternchallengeforcomputersgivenitshu gecomplexity. AlphaGo’screatorsestimatethatthereareabout 250 potentialmovesateachpointofagame, against 35 inchess, yieldingapossiblenumberofboardconfigurationsof 10 squaredby 170. 鉴于围棋极其复杂，长期以来，精通围棋一直被视为计算机面临的一项严峻挑战。AlphaGo 的创建者估计，围棋的每一步都有250种可能走法（国际象棋只有35种），产生的可能局面数量为10的170次方。 LeeSe-dol, arguablythebestplayerofthepastdecade, hadexpectedtowinacrushingvictory, arguingthatAlphaGolackedthe “intuition” neededtobeathim. Buttheprogramwonthefirstthreegamesintheseries, whichbeganlastWednesday, beforeMrLeeclawedbackavictoryonSunday. 李世石可以说是过去10年最棒的围棋手，他曾预计自己会取得压倒性胜利。他认为，AlphaGo 缺少击败他所需的“直觉”。但在上周三开始这场对决中，计算机程序赢了前三局，而后李世石在上周日扳回一局。 Tuesday’sfinalgamewasoneoftheclosest: AlphaGorecoveredfromanearlyerrortoforceMrLeeintoresignationinovertime, witheachplayerhavinguseduptheallottedtwohours. 周二的最后一局是双方拼杀得最难解难分的一局：AlphaGo起先出现了一次失误，但后来挽回了局面，把李世石拖入读秒，李世石在读秒阶段投子认输。双方都用尽了分配给自己的两小时。 Thevictorydemonstratesthepowerofthe “deeplearning” systemsemployedbyAlphaGo’screatorsatDeepMind, aLondon-basedstart-upacquiredbyGoogletwoyearsago.
Upside-down house to open 德颠倒房屋将迎客(图) Updated: 2010-03-16 11:01 Upside-down house to open 德颠倒房屋将迎客(图) A bizarre upside-down house created on the grounds of a German zoo will be open to the public on March 30, the Daily Mail reported. The crazy house stands on a pointed roof and is supported by steel beams in the attic (see photo). Inside the front door, it has an upside-down kitchen, bathroom, living room and bedroom. It was also built on a slight incline to challenge the viewer's perspective still further. 据英国《每日邮报》报道，德国一家动物园内有一座"颠倒房屋"，将于3月30日对公众开放。整座"颠倒房屋"由尖屋顶和阁楼里的钢梁支撑(见图)。房屋不仅外部颠倒，屋内的厨房、浴室、客厅和卧室都是倒置的。房屋甚至微微倾斜，进一步挑战参观者的感官体验。
Zebra puts head in hippo mouth 斑马帮河马清牙齿(图) Updated: 2010-03-16 11:01 Zebra puts head in hippo mouth 斑马帮河马清牙齿(图) An extraordinary spectacle was captured by a photographer at the Zurich Zoo in Switzerland when a zebra leaned into the gaping mouth of a hippopotamus (see photo), the Daily Mail reported Thursday. The zebra seems unaware of his precarious position. Despite appearing to be just seconds away from imminent death, the striped creature escaped unharmed. Much to the surprise of zoo visitors, the animal was merely cleaning the hippo's teeth. 据英国《每日邮报》11日报道，摄影师在瑞士苏黎世动物园拍摄到惊险一幕，一匹斑马竟将头伸进河马嘴里(见图)。但是，斑马似乎完全没有意识到危险。在看似离死亡只有一步之遥时，斑马毫发无损的逃脱了。事后，动物园游客们才明白，斑马是在帮河马清理牙齿。
大学英语新闻短篇演讲稿 演讲稿在写作上具有一定的`格式要求。在当今社会生活中，接触并使用演讲稿的人越来越多，你写演讲稿时总是没有新意？下面是作者为大家整理的大学英语新闻短篇演讲稿，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。 Good morning ladies and gentlemen, I’m greatly honored to have this oppotunity to stand here and give a speach on the following two pieces of news. The first one is about sports.David Beckham will reject the chance to make one final appearance for England, a person familiar with the former captain’s plans said on Thursday. Coach Fabio Capello announced on Wednesday 35-year-old Beckham was too old to continue playing competitively for England, but offered him an opportunity to say farewell to fans in an exhibition match. And the next is an international news: Baghdad suicide bomb hits army recruits, kills 61. A suicide bomber sat for hours Tuesday among hundreds of army recruits before detonating nail-packed explosives strapped to his body, killing 61 people and casting new doubt on the ability of Iraqi forces as US troops head home. Bodies of bloodied young men, some still clutching job applications in their hands, were scattered on the ground outside the military headquarters in central Baghdad. Some of the estimated 1,000 men who had gathered there before dawn for a good spot in line were so desperate for work they returned hours after being treated at hospitals for injuries in the attack. So much of my report, thank you for listening.
11.常用新闻英语词汇. 政治、法律、外交 1. Abortive coup attempt流产政变 2. Absent trial缺席审判 3. Absentee voting缺席投票 1 4. Absolute majority绝对多数 5. Absolute monarchy君主专制政体 6. Abstain from voting放弃,不投票 7. Abstention弃权 8. Accord协定,一致 9. Accredited journalist特记者 10. Acting president代总统 11. Action platform行动纲领 12. Action policy行动方针,实施方针 13. Administration party执政党 14. Administrative authorities行政当局 15. Administrative injunction行政命令 16. Administrative policy speech施政演 17. Advanced countries发达国家 18. Advisory body顾问团 19. Advisory committee咨询委员会 20. Agenda会议事项,议事日程 21. Agreed formula商定的方安 22. Aid-giving agency援助机构 23. Alien domination外国统治 24. Allied powers同盟国 25. All-out ban全面禁止 26. Ambassador-at-large巡回大使 27. Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary特命全权大使 28. Amendment修正案,附加条款 29. Amicable relation友好关系 30. Amnesty 31. Anarchy大赦 32. Annex(领土)合并,兼并 33. Anxious澳、新、美三国防御体系 34. Appeasement policy绥靖政策 35. Appropriate authorities有关当局
SOMETHING ABOUT NEWS By ：由耀爽 刘云涵
Words : 1.advance [?d’sɑ:ns, ?d'v?ns ] n. 发展；前进；增长；预付款 adj. 预先的；先行的 vs.提出；预付；使……前进；将……提前 He risked his health and his reputation to advance the idea that we are not over nature but a part of it. 他冒着牺牲健康和名誉的危险提出了这一思想，即我们人类不是超越于自然的，而只是它的一部分。 in the advance of 在…进程中 in advance 预先; 提前 schedule in advance 预定 ?No interest shall be deducted from the principal in advance . 第二百条借款的利息不得预先在本金中扣除。?Breach in 3 days in advance , charge 80% of the total rental rate. 提前3天以下解除协议时，支付租金总额的80％的违约金。 ?War being war , though , it is not always in advance what will be needed when .
然而战争毕竟是战争，不可能总是预先知道到时候需要些什么。 2. Affair [?’fε?] n.事情；事务；私事；（尤指关系不长久的）风流韵事state of affairs 事态；情势 love affair 风流韵事；强烈爱好 have an affair 有外遇；通奸；婚外恋 private affair 私事 business affair [律]商务 3. Attribution [, ?tri’bju: ??n] n. 归因；属性；归属 ?The attribution of the play to that famous poet was shown to be wrong . 将这个剧本归为那位著名诗人的手笔已证明是错误的。attribution theory 归因理论 causal attribution 因果性归因 4. Alley [‘lid] n. 小巷；小路；小径 ?The Green Alley program uses new technologies to help protect the environment , save energy and reduce heat in the city . 绿色小巷计划实用新的技术帮助保护环境，节省能源
>Two mine managers died of asphyxiation in a copper mine in Nanning, Guangxi Wednesday when the head of the mine and 2 managers were underground inspecting a shaft, Xinhua reported Thursday. 据新华社报道，13日，广西南宁市某铜矿广一名矿长带领两名管理人员下到矿井查看设备时，发生窒息事故造，成两人死亡。 >The aluminium plant responsible for a huge toxic spill in Hungary will resume production by Friday, according to government officials. The government says a new dam is now ready in case of a 2nd spill. 匈牙利官员表示，该国一家发生有毒废水泄漏事故的铝厂将于当地时间15日恢复生产。政府表示已经新造了一座大坝以防止毒水再次泄漏。 >Australian federal police seized 464 kg of cocaine worth AU$160m from a yacht in a Brisbane marina Tuesday, the Australian Broadcasting Corp reported Thursday. 据澳大利亚广播公司14日报道，澳大利亚联邦警察于12日在布里斯班码头一小艇上截获464公斤可卡因，价值1.6亿澳元。 【Highlights】 >Civil servant exam tougher 国考'千里挑一'岗位现身 >Stars face jail for fake ads 虚假广告明星或究刑责 >British spies apply to ASIS 英军情六处遭澳挖墙脚 >Prince Harry in love again 曝哈里王子恋上'卡米拉' >Groom delivered to bride 新郎把自己快递给新娘 >Venice plans tourist tax 威尼斯计划开征'进城税' 【Cover Story】 >Megi to hit South China Sea 超级台风'鲇鱼'即将登陆 Super typhoon Megi is expected to enter the South China Sea Tuesday, meteorological authorities said Monday. Fishing vessels in the area have been returning to harbors for shelter. Torrential rains have already forced the evacuation of almost 140,000 people in Hainan. Megi made landfall in the northern Philippines at 11:25 am Monday local time and caused landslides, Reuters reported. 中央气象台18日预计，超级台风"鲇鱼"将在19日进入中国南海海面，当地渔船已开始回港避风。连日暴雨已经迫使海南近14万人转移。据路透社报道，"鲇鱼"于当地时间18日11时25分在菲律宾北部地区登陆，并引发山体滑坡。 >The final death toll from a gas leak in a pit in Yuzhou, Henan, which is owned by locally based Pingyu Coal & Electric Co, has risen to 37, after the bodies of the last 5 miners trapped underground were found, rescuers said Tuesday.
一分钟英语演讲稿带翻译 英语老师是不是要求每位同学在这学期都必须上台演讲一次呢?那你是不是该准备好演讲稿了呢?下面是小编为你整理的几篇一分钟英语带翻译的演讲稿,快来。 一分钟英语带翻译的演讲稿篇一today, as people live a better life, they chase for more enjoyment. we can see from the news that when the holiday comes, there are so many people gather in the scenery site. people like to travel today, they can take a plane, take the bus or even take a bike. on my opinion, the best way to travel is by train. first, it is very cheap. compare with other ways, such as plane and bus, train is less expensive, people can save a lot of money. besides, taking the train is much safer. people don’t have to worry about crush, which is more happen in the plane or bus. second, we can enjoy the scenery in the train. though the train is very slow, we can have a good sight of the beautiful scenery, when we go to tibet, we can see different colors and different mountains during the trip. taking the train is the best way to travel. 今天,随着人们过上更好的生活,人们追求更多的娱乐。我们可以从新闻上看到当节假日来临的时候,很多人聚集在景点。现在,人们喜欢旅游,他们可以坐飞机,坐巴士甚至骑单车。在我看来,最好的旅游方式是坐火车。第一,这很便宜。和其他方式,如飞机和巴士,坐火车
传播学英语专业词汇 传播 Communication 内向/自我传播 Intrapersonal Communication 人际传播 Interpersonal Communication 群体传播 Group Communication 组织传播 Organization Communication 大众传播 Mass Communication 单向传播 One-Sided Communication 双向传播 Two-Sided Communication 互动传播 Interactive Communication 媒介 Media 大众传播媒介 Mass Media 新媒介 New Media 新闻洞 News Hold 新闻价值 News Value 传播者 Communicator 主动传播者 Active Communicator 受传者/受众/阅听大众 Audience 受众兴趣 Audience Interest 受众行为 Audience Activity 信息 Information 信号 Signal 讯息 Message 信息熵 Entropy 冗余/冗余信息 Redundancy 传播单位 Communication Unit 奥斯古德模式 Osgood Model 编码 Encode 解码 Decode 信源 Source 传播的数学理论 Mathematical Theory of Communication 传播渠道 Communication Channel 有效传播 Effective Communication 传播效果 Effects 知识沟 Knowledge-Gap 使用与满足模式 Uses and Gratifications Model 使用与依从模式 Uses and Dependencys Model 口传系统 System of Oral Communication 地球村 Global Village 内爆 Implosion 全球化 Globalization 本土化 Localization 数字化 Digitalization 电子空间 Cyber Space