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考研英语

海文考研英语:十句翻译揭秘考研英译汉之常见句式现象

1、 At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths. A fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.

译文:早期所做的铺设海底电缆的努力均告失败。当人们取出电缆进行修理时,发现它们已被生物所覆盖。这个事实否定了科学界关于海洋深处没有生命的看法。

考点分析:本题主要是考查考生对被动语态(was taken out for repairs…was found to be covered…)以及定语从句(A fact which defied…)和同位语从句(…opinion that there was…)的理解。考生可以在今后的备考过程中,就翻译一项来说,从寻找句子的谓语入手!毕竟,对于英语的句子来说,谓语应该是非常重要的。只有抓住了英语句子中的谓语,考生才可能从本质上理解英语的语法。从而使自己在翻译考项中处乱不惊!而相对独立的同位语从句也是全国研究生入学考试中经常出现的语法现象。

2、 At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and conducts a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.

译文:在贝丝?伊兹利尔医院,每位病人都由一位专业护士护理。这名护士自始至终看护这位病人,并且建立一份从病历到情绪状况的全面健康档案。

考点分析:整个句子不是很长,但是对于每一位考生来说一定不可以大意。在该句中,大家可以看到仍然是被动语态(…is assigned to…),定语从句(…nurse who……account that…)以及部分短语(at length…)的天下。其实考生对于整个句子的翻译把握只需要从字面含义上去理解即可。这样,在平时备考时考生可以将部分不熟悉的短语进行适当地猜测,以增加自己在语境中推测生词意思的能力。

3、 In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea.

译文:自1872 年始,汤姆逊领导了一次科学考察,这次考察进行了四年,从海洋中采集了成千上万的标本。

考点分析:典型的非限定性定语从句的分析。本句结构仍然属于考研英语备考中的重点。希望广大考生能够真正地体会定语从句的作用,因为在考研英语的试卷上,大家可以在阅读理解乃至作文中都会遇到使用定语从句的地方。

4、 Clothes which has been worn only a few times has to be put aside because of the changes of fashion.

译文:衣服尽管才穿了没几次,也因款式过时而不得不搁置一边。

考点分析:定语从句的魅力再一次体会了出来!

5、And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who his not had an active mind.

译文:习惯于多动脑筋而不是少动脑筋的人,在进入老年以后,要比从来不积极动脑子的人的认识能力更健全。

考点分析:本句除了定语从句这一考点外,又重新出现了翻译考项经常考的另一个考点,就是比较级(…more cognitively sound than…)以及连词短语(…rather than…)。考生可以从译文中找到答案。对于考生来讲,应该从平时做阅读时就能够很好地体会这些语法现象。请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!

6、 Due to its strategic location on the edge of three continents, its acceptance of several of the world’s major religions into mainstream culture, and the fact that the country’s recent history has been shaped by both eastern and western

influence,Egypt is often referred to as a crossroads of civilizations.

译文:埃及通常被人们认为是人类文明的重要汇集地,这不仅仅由于它位于三个大陆交汇处的重要的战略性的地理位置,还有就是因为它接纳了世界上主要的宗教作为自己主流的文化,以及其近代历史是被东西方文化的影响而塑造这一事实。

考点分析:本句如果出现在2007 年全国研究生入学考试的试卷上,则是一句长难句!考生可以将全句按照标点符号进行划分。整个句子可以分成由介宾短语所充当的原因状语(Due to…)。请注意,在这里标准答案所给出的翻译是将原因状语后置了,这种翻译方法是为了突出主句的地位。在原句上有几个短语被下划线了,请考生具体记忆!

7、Due to the historical influence briefly summarized above, one is tempted to refer to the country’s economy and business culture as a hybrid model.

译文:由于上面简要阐述的历史影响,人们倾向于将这个国家的经济、商业和文化看作一种混合模式。

考点分析:…is tempted to…被诱惑去做,倾向于做。

8、 There are substantial differences between the work culture prevailing in each of the two sectors. Required qualifications and certificates of employees seeking to enter the private sector are higher than those required for the public sector. 译文:在两种形式的每种中普遍存在的工作就业文化里存在着巨大的不同。对于企图在私营形式中谋求职位的雇员来说,获取资格认证要比在国有形式中的同仁们更重要。考点分析:考生可以按照顺序译法进行翻译,及从头一个词入手进行。请注意下划线短语的中文翻译方法!

9、Working hours in the public sector are generally nine till three, with Fridays being the only official day off.

译文:国有形式下的雇员工作时间通常为早上9:00 到下午3:00,星期五为唯一的法定公休日。

考点分析:考生请注意在译文中下划线的中文。这种翻译在考试中我们称作增词法翻译,也就是说下划线的中文在原句中没有出现相应的英文单词。考生要想在考试翻译中取得好成绩,对要求翻译的语句上下文的体会是非常必要的!这里还有一个重要的语法现象,就是…with n. doing/ being+表语…这个结构是介宾短语。

10、As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation, but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

译文:宇航员一离开大气层就会暴露在这种辐射之中。但是他们的宇航服或者飞船的舱壁(如果待在飞船内的话)确实会避免许多辐射的危害。

考点分析:本句考点为插入语(…, if they are inside,…)。考生要了解这一语法现象。

【海文考研英语】:考研英语翻译之定语从句的翻译

自由式定语从句

自由式定语从句是指一个句子中两个或两个以上不同成分带定语从句的情况。这种从句的先行

词没有固定模式,在句中充当不同的句子成分,故该结构中的定语从句称为自由式定语从句。它们拆开来看,其实就是一个一个简单的定语从句,因此,其翻译也和简单的定语从句相同。Examples:

Thus the Arab Umayyed Dynasty of caliphs, which had moved the capital from Medina to Damascus in 661, came to be regarded with much justification as a parasitic clique that had outlived its usefulness once the conquests were completed.

Chinese Translation No. 1:

人们开始理由充分地认为,阿拉伯麦伍德哈里发王朝阿拉伯伍麦叶里发王朝是征服战争完成后毫无作用的一个寄生集团;该王朝曾于661 年从麦地那迁都大马士革。

Chinese Translation No. 2:

阿拉伯麦伍德王朝的统治者们征服了……,于661 年将首都从麦地那迁往大马士革,但此后他们便成了不折不扣的寄生虫。

嵌套式定语从句

嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似,拆开来也是一个独立的定语从句,只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。

Examples:

Likewise in the east were the Seljuk Turks who had infiltrated from their Central Asian homeland into the Islamic Empire where they were employed as mercenaries by the Baghdad caliphs.

Chinese Translation No. 1:

同样,在东方是塞尔柱突厥人,他们从家乡中亚进入伊斯兰教帝国;在那里被巴格达哈里发雇为雇佣军。

Chinese Translation No. 2:

东边也是塞尔柱突厥人。他们从自己的家乡中亚地区来到伊斯兰教帝国,充当了巴格达哈里发的雇佣军。

并列式定语从句

并列式定语从句是并列成分中的定语从句的简称,指一个句子中两个或两个以上并列成分均带定语从句的情况。

Examples:

This was a defensive pact, designed to protect Germany against the French, who aspired to recover the alsace-Lorraine provinces lost in 1871, and also to protect Austria-hungary against the Russians, with whom they continually clashed in the Balkans.

这是一个防御性的盟约,旨在保护德国人免受法国人的攻击,保护奥匈帝国免受俄国人的攻击;

因为法国人想收复1871 年失去的阿尔萨斯-洛林地区,而俄国人则在巴尔干半岛同奥匈帝国接连不断地发生冲突。

一主二仆式定语从句

Examples:

The old ways of earning a living was rivaled by new agricultural techniques, by commerce with hitherto unknown parts of the globe, and by new crafts with strange machines that saved labor and that ran without the traditional human or animal power. 古老的谋生之道正受到新农业技术、新贸易和新行业的挑战。其中,这些新兴的行业使用一些奇怪的机器。这些机器无需传统的人力和畜力,非常节省劳动力。

And it helps to explain why so many inventions t t h h a a t t w e e r r e e o o f f C h h i i n n e e s s e e o o r r i i g g i i n n o o r r t t h h a a t t h h a a d d b b e e e e n n k k n n o ow n n

t t o o t t h h e e G r r e e c c o o--R o om a a n n s s , were fully developed and exploited ony by the Western Europeans.

它有助于说明,为什么发源于中国的许多发明和希腊罗马人所知道的许多发明,只是在西欧人手中才得到全面发展和充分利用。

Consequently the manor was a self-sufficient village that was worked by serfs w h h o o w e e r r e e n n o o t t f f r r e e e e t t o o l l e e a a v v e e, , a a n n d d w h h o o w i i t t h h t t h h e e i i r r l l a a b b o o r r s s u u p p p p o o r r t t e e d d a a h h i i e e r r a a r r c c h h y y o o f f l l a a y y a a n n d d c c l l e e r r i i c c a a l l l l o o r r d d s s .

因而,采邑是靠农奴经营的自给自足的村庄;农奴不能随便离开,并以其劳动养活教俗封建集团。

Not Surprisingly, the most complex political structures appeared in the Sudan, where long distance trade was most highly developed and where Islamic influence was the strongest.

Chinese Translation No. 1:

毫不奇怪,苏丹出现了最复杂的政治组织,在那里,长途贸易发展得最快,伊斯兰教的影响最为强烈。

Chinese Translation No. 2:

苏丹的长途贸易发展得最快,伊斯兰教的影响也最大。在那里出现最为复杂的政治组织是毫不奇怪的。

Our aim is to establish in Ghana a strong and progressive society ... w h h e e r r e e p p o o v v e e r r t t y y a a n n d d i i l l l l i i t t e e r r a a c c y y n n o o

l l o o n n g g e e r r e e x x i i s s t a a n n d d d d i i s s e e a a s s e e i i s s b b r r o o u u g g h h t t u u n n d d e e r r c c o o n n t t r r o o l l; ; and where our educational facilities provide all the children of Ghana with the best possible opportunities for the development of their potentialities.

我们的目标是要在加纳建立一个强大、进步的社会......在这里,贫困和文盲不再存在,疾病得到控制;在这里,我们的教育机构为加纳所有的孩子提供发展他们的潜力的最好机会。Even so the Lisbon government admitted in MARCH 1970 that a major attack had been launched by guerrillas w h h o o w e e r r e e a a r rm e e d d w i i t t h h m o o r r t t a a r r s s a a n n d d a a u u t t o om a a t t i i c c w e e a a p p o o n n s s a a n n d d w h h o o i i n n f f l l i i c c t t e e d d ""m a a n n y y"" P P o o r r t t u u g g u u e e s s e e c c a a s s u u a a l l t t i i e e s s .

即使如此,里斯本政府仍于1970 年3 月承认,配备迫击炮和自动武器的游击队已发动了一次大规模的进攻,使葡萄牙人蒙受"重大"伤亡。

At one extreme are Hawaii and Brazil, w h h e e r r e e r r a a c c i i a a l l i i n n t t e e r rm i i x x t t u u r r e e i i s s e e x x t t e e n n s s i i v v e e a a n n d d c c o o n n t t i i n n u u i i n n g g, , a a n n d d

w h h e e r r e e r r a a c c i i a a l l d d i i s s c c r r i im i i n n a a t t i i o o n n i i s s r r e e l l a a t t i i v v e e l l y y m i i n n o o r r. .

Chinese Translation No.1:

处于一个极端的是夏威夷和巴西,在那里,种族混合十分广泛,而且正在继续进行,因此,种族歧视较少。

Chinese Translation No.2:

最为典型的则要数夏威夷和巴西了。在这两个地方,种族混合非常普遍,而且将会有增无减;而相对来说,种族歧视问题就不怎么严重了。

He was also an old-line Stalinist w h h o o h h a a d d s s p p e e n n t t 1166 y y e e a a r r s s i i n n H u u n n g g a a r r i i a a n n j j a a i i l l s s i i n n t t h h e e i i n n t t e e r rw a a r r p p e e r r i i o o d d a a n n d d w h h o o w a a s s n n o ow u u n nw i i l l l l i i n n g g t t o o s s h h a a r r e e a a u u t t h h o o r r i i t t y y w i i t t h h t t h h e e "" n n a a t t i i o o n n a a l l i i s s t t“ H u u n n g g a a r r i i a a n n C o omm u u n n i i s s t t s s .

他还是一位老牌的斯大林主义者,曾在两次世界大战之间的时期内在匈牙利监狱呆了16 年,因而这时不愿与"民族主义的"匈牙利共产党人分享权力。

Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。

Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.

在20 世纪以前, 小说中的妇女像都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点, 因而无法成为具有个性的人; 他们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给他们的种种束缚。

Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns, so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.

虽然在某处已经开始的生命中可能仅有百分之一会发展成高度复杂、有智慧的型式, 但是行星的数目如此之多, 以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一个天然组成部分。

Taking his cue from Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, in which the heroine, Nora, leaves home because she resents her husband’s treating her like a child, the writer Lu Xun warned that Nora would need money to support herself; she must have economic rights to survive.

易卜生的剧作《玩偶之家》中的女主人公娜拉离家出走, 因为她憎恶她的丈夫像对待孩子一样来对待她。作家鲁迅从中得到启示, 从而告诫人们娜拉得需要钱来养活自己, 她要生存就必须有经济上的权利。

【海文考研英语】:考研英语翻译之分句译法举例

分句译法

He unnecessarily spent a lot of time introducing this book, which the students are familiar with.

他花了很长时间介绍这本书,其实没有必要,因为学生们对它已经很熟悉了。

New price hikes hit Los Angeles supermarketing housewives.

物价一涨再涨,苦了上超市购物的洛杉矶的家庭主妇们。

Law enforcement cannot responsibly stand aloof.

执法部门不能不闻不问,否则就没有尽到责任。

The news that a small planet was going to collide with the Earth spread over a frightened world.

一颗小行星将同地球相撞的消息传开来,整个世界为之震惊。

He was commended for his distinguished performance in his work.

他在工作中表现突出,受到表扬。

The ancient had tried unsuccessfully to explain how the rainbow is formed. 他若是拒绝邀请,就不太礼貌了。

He cannot politely turn down the invitation.

古人曾试图解释彩虹是怎么形成的,但没成功。

【海文考研英语】:考研英语翻译之名词性从句的翻译

Substantive Clause Translation

包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句四类。重点讲解同位语从句的翻译。尤其是

避免“即”、“:”、“——”之类的译法。

主语从句及翻译

(一)以what, who, whether, that, where, why, how, when 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按照原文顺序翻译。例如:

Why metals can conduct electricity is an interesting problem.

金属为什么能导电是一个有趣的问题。

That energy can be neither created nor destroyed is a very important law in physical science.

能量既不能创造也不能消灭是物理学的一条很重要的定律。

Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brains of a biologist. 一种生物是植物还是动物,有时使生物学家很伤脑筋。

When it was first invented is not known.

它最初是什么时候发明的,现在还不知道。

Where the water has gone can easily be answered.

水到哪里去了,这很容易回答。

(二)形式主语it +谓语+ that (whether)引导的从句,汉译时一般先译从句再译主句。例如:

It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.

众所周知,物体在水中比在空气中轻。

It is no longer a question whether man can fly to the moon.

人能否飞上月球,现在已不再是什么问题了。

It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine.

毫无疑问,我们将生产这种发动机。

表语从句及翻译

表语从句位于主句的连系动词之后,引导表语从句的从属连词和引导主语从句的从属连词相同。汉译时,顺序不变。例如:

The question is how the people can find an effective way to store the sun’s heat.问题在于人们怎样才能找到一种有效的方式来储藏太阳热。

This is what the equation means.

这就是此方程式的含义。

That’s why the plants absorb water from the soil.

这就是植物从土壤中吸收水分的原因。

宾语从句及翻译

宾语从句既可以是动词的宾语,也可以是某些形容词或介词的宾语。宾语从句也可以出现在由

it 作形式宾语的句子中,汉译时,顺序一般不变。例如:

Scientists have long predicated that computers would one day help speed up the arduous task of translating texts.

科学家们早已预言,总有一天计算机将帮助我们加快艰巨的文字翻译工作。

We all know that cigarette smoking is hazardous to health and that alcohol abuse can kill.

我们都知道吸烟对健康有害,我们也知道酗酒会危害人的生命。

Nutritional experiments have made it evident that vitamins are indispensable for one’s health and growth.

营养实验证明,维生素对人们的健康和生长是不可缺少的。

同位语从句及翻译

英语中的同位语从句是用来说明它前面的某个名词的从句,它与其所修饰的名词在地位上是同等的。同位语从句常用that, whether 或 if 引导,它们在从句中不充当任何句子成分。汉译时可灵活处理,根据具体情况可采用合译、分译或转换等多种方法。例如:

The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in this region has been discussed.

关于我们应该开发本地区自然资源的建议已经被讨论过了。

There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.

人类不可能受机器人控制。

There is general acknowledgment that characteristics of an individual are a result of an interaction of genetics and environment.

众所周知,某一个体的特性是遗传和环境相互作用的结果。

There is no doubt that animal viruses can jump into humans.

毫无疑问,动物病毒能进入人体。

So far there is no proof that UFOs or spaceships from other planets do exist. 究竟有没有不明飞行物或来自其他行星的宇宙飞船,迄今为止尚无法证实。

经常与同位语从句连用的单词或短语包括:idea, fact, news, rumor, hope, belief, thought, doubt,proposition, suggestion, advice, agreement, message, probability, certainty, likelihood, evidence, on

condition, on the supposition, on the ground(s), on the understanding, with the exception, in spite of the fact 等。

【海文考研英语】:教你如何攻破长句的翻译基本技巧

英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念,而汉语则不同,常常使用若干短句作层次分明的叙述。因此,在进行英译汉时,要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异,将英语的长句分解翻译成汉语的短句。在英语长句的翻译过程中,万学海文归纳出以下的一些方法。

(1) 顺序法

当英语长句的内容叙述层次与汉语基本一致时,可以按照英语原文表达的层次顺序翻译成汉语,从而使译文与英语原文的顺序基本一致。例如:

But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.(84年考题)

分析:该句的骨干结构为“It is realized that …”,it为形式主语,that引导主语从句以及并列的it is even possible to …结构,其中,不定式作主语,the time …是“expectation of life”的同位语,进一步解释其含义,而time后面的句子是它的定语从句。五个谓语结构表达了四个层次的意义:A. 可是现在人们意识到;B. 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的;C. 人们甚至还可以比较合理地估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”;

D. 将这些已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽的时间。根据同位语从句的翻译方法,把第四层意义的表达作适当的调整, 整个句子就翻译为:

可是现在人们意识到,其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的,人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”,也就是说,经过若干年后,这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。

(2) 逆序法

英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同,甚至完全相反,这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。在汉语中,定语修饰语和状语修饰语往往位于被修饰语之前;在英语中,许多修饰语常常位于被修饰语之后,因此翻译时往往要把原文的语序颠倒过来。倒置法通常用于英译汉,即对英语长句按照汉语的习惯表达法进行前后调换,按意群或进行全部倒置,原则是使汉语译句符合现代汉语论理叙事的一般逻辑顺序。

例如:

It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.

分析:该句由一个主句,一个条件状语从句和一个宾语从句组成,“……变得越来越重要”是主句,也是全句的中心内容,全句共有三个谓语结构,包含三层含义:A. ……变的越来越重要;B. 如果要使学生充分利用他们的机会;C. 得为他们提供大量更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。为了使译文符合汉语的表达习惯,我们可采用逆序法,翻译成:

因此,如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。这个问题显得越来越重要了。

(3) 包孕法

这种方法多用于英译汉。所谓包孕是指在把英语长句译成汉语时,把英语后置成分按照汉语的正常语序放在中心词之前,使修饰成分在汉语句中形成前置包孕。但修饰成分不宜过长,否则会形成拖沓或造成汉语句子成分在连接上的纠葛。例如:

You are the representative of a country and of a continent to which China feels particularly close.

您是一位来自于使中国倍感亲切的国家和大洲的代表。 What brings us together is that

we have common interests which transcend those differences.

使我们走到一起的,是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。

(4) 分句法

有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十分密切,翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯,把长句的从句或短语转换成句子,分开来叙述。为了使语意连贯,有时需要适当增加词语,也就是采取化整为零的方法将整个英语长句翻译为几个独立的句子,顺序基本不变,前后保持连贯。

Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining. (85年考题)

分析:在此长句中,有一个插入语“it is often said”,三个并列的谓语结构,还有一个定语从句,其中三个并列的谓语结构尽管在结构上属于同一个句子,但都有独立的意义,因此在翻译时,可以采用分句法,按照汉语的习惯把整个句子分解成几个独立的分句,翻译成:人们常说,通过电视可以了解时事,掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。

(5) 重组法

指在进行英译汉时,为了使译文流畅且更符合汉语叙事论理的习惯,在捋清英语长句的结构、弄懂英语原意的基础上,彻底摆脱原文语序和句子形式,对句子进行重新组合。例如:Decision must be made very rapidly; physical endurance is tested as much as perception, because an enormous amount of time must be spent making certain that the key figures act on the basis of the same information and purpose. 必须把大量时间花在确保关键人物均根据同一情报和目的行事,而这一切对身体的耐力和思维能力都是一大考验。因此,一旦考虑成熟,决策者就应迅速做出决策。

(5) 综合法

上面我们讲述了英语长句的逆序法、顺序法和分句法,事实上,在翻译一个英语长句时,并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方法,而是要综合使用到各种方法,这在我们上面所举的例子中也有所体现。再如,一些英语长句单纯采用上述任何一种方法都不方便,这就需要我们的仔细分析,或按照时间的先后,或按照逻辑顺序,顺逆结合,主次分明地对全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句子。例如:

People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.

分析: 该句共有三层含义: A: 人们不敢出门;B: 尽管警察已接到命令,要作好准备以应付紧急情况;C: 警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。在这三层含义中,B表示让步,C 表示原因,而A则表示结果。按照汉语习惯顺序,我们可将句子翻译为:

尽管警察已接到命令,要作好准备以应付紧急情况,但人们不敢出门,因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。

高频考察词组

Give the floor to 请…发言

It is a great pleasure for me to我很荣幸…

Relevant issues 相关问题

Updated research result 最新的调查结果

Attach the importance to 对…给予重视

Lead-edge technologies领先技术

Minister Counselor公使

Natural heritage自然遗产

Shared concern 共同关心的问题

Well-deserved reputation良好的信誉

对…表示衷心的感谢express sincere gratitude to

请…讲话Let’ s welcome to give a speech

双边会议bilateral conference

以掌声对…表示的最热烈的欢迎propose the warmest applause to 主办单位sponsor

颁奖仪式the Award Ceremony

贺词greeting speech

隆重举行observe the grand opening of

请…颁奖Let’s invite to present the award

取得圆满成功achieve complete ceremony

全球庆典global celebration ceremony

宣布…结束 declare the closing of

请全体起立,奏国歌 Please rise for the national anthem. Collective stewardship集体管理

Competitive job market充满竞争的就业市场

Financial institutions金融机构

Forward-looking进取

Gross National Product国民生产总值

Meet the challenges 迎接挑战

Public authorities公共机构

Regulatory mechanism 法规机制

Urban residents 城市居民

Well-serviced formal city服务齐全的高尚城市

把…列为重要内容place as the priority

不放松工作never neglect the work

节约用水 water conservation

对…表示衷心祝贺extend our sincere congratulations on

节约用水先进城市model city of water conservation

使…取得预期效果attain the results expected

授予…光荣称号 confer honorable awards on

为…而奋斗strive for

严重缺水城市a city of severe water shortage

有关单位units concerned

与…比有差距compared with ,there is still some way to go

预祝…圆满成功wish a complete success

开源与节流并重broaden sources of income &reduce expenditure

对外贸易港口seaport for foreign trade

国内生产总值National Gross Products

欢聚一堂merrily gather

活跃的经济带vigorous economic region

基础雄厚solid foundation

留下最美好的印象may you have a most pleasant impression

盛世the grand occasion

祝愿在停留愉快wish a pleasant stay

综合性商港comprehensive commercial seaport

春意盎然spring is very much in the air

forest coverage森林覆盖率

global warming全球变暖

principal element主要因素

toxic emission废气排放

迸发出心灵的火花ignite the sparks of understanding

建立合作桥梁build the bridge for cooperation

内容翔实substantial in content

能源大省major province of energy

日程紧凑tight in schedule

call upon 号召

conservation benefits节水的好处

industrial reuse and recycling工业中水利用

pollution fines 污染罚款

urban water conservation城市节水

water saving fixtures节水装置

地区经济regional economic

港口经营多元化diversification in port operation

责任和义务perform our duties and fulfill our obligations

地区行业盛会a well-known regional event of the industry

发起港initiating ports

break free 冲破藩篱

civil society民间团体

ethnic lines种族

genuine partnership真正的合作伙伴

squatter settlements 违章建筑区

without access to 享受不到

畅所欲言open dialogues

计划经济的束缚the bounding of planning economy

紧迫问题pressing issues

科教兴省和走可持续发展的道路vitalize the province by science and technology and sustainable development

空前膨胀unprecedentedly inflated

控制增长势头curb the trend of steep rise

面临严峻挑战face severe challenges

清醒地看到acutely aware

生态恶化ecological deterioration

提高意识strengthen the awareness

相互尊重,求同存异,平等互利,优势互补,借鉴经验,拓展合作,立足当前,着眼未来respect each other, seek the common ground while putting aside difference, enjoy equality and mutual benefits, complement each other’s advantages, learn each other’s experience, expand the cooperation, stand from the present and look forward to the future

以此会议为契机take the opportunity of this seminar

滞后lag behind

转轨建制过程缓慢the transition of mechanism is slow

总结经验教训draw lessons from the past

community development oriented 以发展社区为宗旨的

deserved winners当之无愧的获奖者

ethnic minorities少数民族

gainful employment有报酬的

gender issues性别问题

handicraft works 手工艺品

income generation 工薪阶层

in-depth knowledge深入了解

the handicapped残疾人

不求最大,但求最好seek the best instead of the largest

产业结构industrial structure

城乡一体化the unified design between the city and the countryside

短期行为short-term conduct

房地产开发real estate development

扶贫帮困help and support the poor

公共绿地public lawn

公用事业public utilities

会展中心convention center

基建规模infrastructure scale

精品意识consciousness for the best

精品住宅区model human settlements

企业效益enterprise revenue

文明乘车civil bus ride

希望工程Hope Project

以人为本human centered

主办城市the host city

综合治理comprehensively administer

economic recession 经济萧条

press conference 记者招待会

rough diamond 钻坯

sophisticated machine 先进机器

staggering growth 强劲的增长

trade union 业界

umbrella name统称

濒临停产边缘be close to production collapse

反省reflect on

回报期period of investment return

痛定思痛recall a painful experience

卧薪尝胆endure present hardships to revive

兴旺期blossom period

develop and flourish 茁壮成长

expanding export earner不断扩展的出口创汇者

impose stringent rules定下严格规则

市场波动market fluctuation

协会章程association charter

总经营额total business revenue

end-user用人单位

entry-level学徒期

from square one从头开始

high-caliber高水平的

instill or reinforce灌输或强化

job specification工作性质

localization programs本土化项目

performance appraisal表现评估

不断调整和日趋完善的阶段the stage of constant adjustment and improvement

产学研一体化的办学机制the educational mechanism of combining learning with research and production

成人学历教育,高等教育自学考试 continuing education and self-study examination of higher education

初露端倪reveal its importance for the first time

翻译导游tourist interpreter

复合型,应用型管理人才versatile and practical management talents

结构性调整structural adjustment

民俗风情customs and habits

相伴而生be accompanied by

学术领域academic sector

应势而生come into existence as the situation requires

在职培训part-time training

专业方向professional emphasis

资格考试qualification test

TOPICAL

The Economic Commission for Europe欧洲经济委员会

A world-wide reputation誉满全球

Conference center会议中心

The world Health Organization 世界卫生组织

International civil servants 国际事务公务员

International press center国际新闻中心

Works of art 艺术品

International trading center国际贸易中心

Rich cultural blend 丰富多彩的文化交融

Holiday resort 旅游胜地

Natural reserves 自然保护区

Feudal dynasty封建王朝

中国革命历史博物馆the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

一座历史丰碑a historical monument

快节奏的社会 fast-tempo society

专题展览exhibitions on special subject

实地考察on-the-spot investigaion

经历了数千年的风吹雨打being beaten by elements for thousands of years

古典艺术精品classical art treasures

世界文化遗产World Cultural Heritage

紫禁城the Forbidden City

文物宝库a treasure house of cultural relics

私人收藏家personal collector

securities exchanges 证券交易所

stock exchanges股票交易所

systematic market process有组织的买卖过程

major corporation大公司

New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所

Tax harmonization协调税收

Hot topic热门话题

European Union欧盟

Driving force推动力

Contemplate on the harmonization统一的期望

国际货币组织International Monetary Fund

国内需求domestic demand

经济全球化economic globalization

双边渠道bilateral channels

亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

金融危机financial crisis

广泛关注arouse wide concern

国际社会international community

公正合理的国际经济新秩序a new and reasonable international economic order 从大局出发proceed from the whole situation

财政政策financial policy

共同繁荣common prosperity

贸易投资自由化trade and investment liberalization

日新月异progress with each passing day

知识经济knowledge economy

faulty members 教职工

subscribes to 订阅

journals and periodicals 杂志期刊

recreations and athletic facilities娱乐体育设施arts department文科系

applied science应用科学

recipients of Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖金获得者intellectual and personal qualities文化和个人素质living expenses生活费

sense of community团队意识

成人教育学院continuing education school

仿真实验室simulation laboratory

教育部Ministry of Education

土木工程civil engineering

全国重点大学national key university

信息技术information technology

函授生correspondence student

外国留学生international student

教育展览会Education Exhibition

组委会organizing committee

主要内容main component

热点话题much-talked-about topic

共同关心的信息mutually concerned information fresh water resource洁水资源

over the last couple of decades 在过去的二十年里land available for farming适耕地

fresh water available可用清洁水

emerging economies 新兴经济

global warming 全球变暖

ecological crisis生态危机

path to prosperity通向繁荣之路

seize the opportunity抓住机遇

remarkable environmental progress引人注目的环境垃圾处理garbage disposal

生活必需品the bare necessities of life

消费品consumer goods

消费习惯consuming habit

捕鱼量the volume of fishing

造纸业paper-making industry

木材储量timber reserves

森林覆盖面积forest-covering area

inward investment 对内投资

entrepreneurship创业精神

pay tribute to 表示敬意

subsidies and grants津贴和拨款

problem of terrorism恐怖主义问题

gave their lives to the highest calling将生命献给了最崇高的事业

target of terrorism恐怖主义的目标

intensified our effort 加强力量

bring to justice使归案受审

国际条约international treaties

世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization

私营部门the private sector

知识产权intellectual property

总干事Director Geneor

在进入新的千年之际at the threshold of the new millennium

成员国member countries

纲领性文件programmatic document

基本人权fundamental human rights

殖民枷锁colonialist shackles

任重道远the burden is heavy and the road is long

internet phone industry网络电话业

vast potential for future development广阔的发展前景

telephone sound quality电话音质

instantaneous transmission即时传输

GPS(Global Positioning System)全球卫星定位系统

Relay station中继站

Intelligent traffic management systems智能交通管理系统

分子生物学Molecular biology

能源综合利用comprehensive utilization of energy

认识科学cognitive science

生产力productive force

推动力量driving force

相对论the theory of relativity

行为科学behavior science

知识科学knowledge economy

新兴产业rising economy

层出不穷emerge one after another

科教兴国战略

the strategy of economic development through science-technology and education 可持续发展sustainable development

试点工程pilot program

严峻挑战serious challenges

运行机制operational mechanism

中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences

综合国力the overall national strength

磁悬浮铁路magnetic suspended railway

root causes根本原因

juvenile crime bill青少年犯罪

idle talk闲聊

easy access to 轻易接近

zero tolerance绝不容忍

balanced budget 预算平衡

step up to its responsibilities 担负起责任

law enforcement professionals执法者

debit card提款卡

magnetic stripe磁条

parking meter停车计费表

personal identification number 密码

pull double duty具备双重功能

electronic versions电子交易

chip-enhanced versions加强性芯片

be hot for the idea热衷于这个主意

遥控器remote controller

无孔不入all pervasive

增强性能strengthen the property

减少故障to reduce the breakdown

原动力motive power

高架铁路aerial train

汽车废气的排放discharge of automobile exhaust fumes 毗邻而居be adjacent to

state-of-the art 最新型的,最优良的

three-dimensional三维的,立体的

ground-breaking 开拓性的,独创的

organizing committee组委会

innovative approach创新方法

marketing partner市场合作伙伴

a giant leap into the future走向未来的一次飞跃

cash for votes用钱拉选票

bribery scandal贿赂丑闻

草地网球lawn tennis

发球区service court

处于执牛耳的地位occupy a leading position

体育道德精神sportsmanship

以全体运动员的名义in the name of all the athletes 借助不正当的手段resort to unjust means

Give the floor to 请...发言

It is a great pleasure for me to 我很荣幸... Relevant issues 相关问题

Updated research result 最新的调查结果

Attach the importance to 对...给予重视

Lead-edge technologies 领先技术

Minister Counselor 公使

Natural heritage 自然遗产

Shared concern 共同关心的问题

Well-deserved reputation 良好的信誉

对...表示衷心的感谢 express sincere gratitude to

请...讲话 Let's welcome to give a speech

双边会议 bilateral conference

以掌声对...表示的最热烈的欢迎 propose the warmest applause to

主办单位 sponsor

颁奖仪式 the Award Ceremony

贺词 greeting speech

隆重举行 observe the grand opening of

请...颁奖 Let's invite to present the award

取得圆满成功 achieve complete ceremony

全球庆典 global celebration ceremony

宣布...结束 declare the closing of

请全体起立,奏国歌 Please rise for the national anthem.

Collective stewardship 集体管理

Competitive job market 充满竞争的就业市场

Financial institutions 金融机构

Forward-looking 进取

Gross National Product 国民生产总值

Meet the challenges 迎接挑战

Public authorities 公共机构

Regulatory mechanism 法规机制

The threshold of our transition into the new millennium 跨越新千年的门槛UNCHS (United Nations Center for Human Settlements) 联合国人居中心Urban residents 城市居民

Well-serviced formal city 服务齐全的高尚城市

把...列为重要内容 place as the priority

不放松工作 never neglect the work

节约用水 water conservation

对...表示衷心祝贺 extend our sincere congratulations on

节约用水先进城市 model city of water conservation

使...取得预期效果 attain the results expected

授予...光荣称号 confer honorable awards on

为...而奋斗 strive for

严重缺水城市 a city of severe water shortage

有关单位 units concerned

与...比有差距 compared with ,there is still some way to go

预祝...圆满成功 wish a complete success

开源与节流并重 broaden sources of income &reduce expenditure

对外贸易港口 seaport for foreign trade

国内生产总值 National Gross Products

欢聚一堂 merrily gather

活跃的经济带 vigorous economic region

基础雄厚 solid foundation

留下最美好的印象 may you have a most pleasant impression 盛世 the grand occasion

祝愿在停留愉快 wish a pleasant stay

综合性商港 comprehensive commercial seaport

春意盎然 spring is very much in the air

forest coverage 森林覆盖率

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