当前位置：文档之家› 英国文学作家,作品主要特征风格(吐血整理)

英国文学作家,作品主要特征风格(吐血整理)

人书脑

1. William

Shakespear

e莎士比亚

1564-1616

Three periods

1. Historical plays & comedies & early tragedies

Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶

The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;

2. Great tragedies

Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;

Othello奥塞罗;

King Lear李尔王;

The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;

Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;；

Measure for Measure恶有恶报;

3. Tragi-comedies

The Tempest暴风风雨;

Renaissance

Shakespearian sonnet

14行诗

Not for an age, but for all time.

永垂不朽

Quatrain 成组句

Couplet 对偶句

John Milton

约翰·弥尔顿

1608-1674

(The phases

of Milton's life

parallel the

Three periods:

1. Short poems

L‘Allegro欢乐的人;

Il Penseroso沉思的人;

Comus科马斯;

Lycidas列西达斯;

Features

Milton's poetry and prose reflect

1. deep personal convictions

2. a passion for freedom and

self-determination

3. the urgent issues and

2 major

historical and political divisions in Stuart Britain. ) 2. Pamphlets & tracts

Areopagitica论出版自由;

The Defense of the English people为英国人民声辩;

The Second Defense of the English people再为英国人

民声辩;

3. poems

Paradise Lost失乐园;

Paradise Regained复乐园;

Samson Agonistes力士参孙

political turbulence

4. achieved international

renown within his lifetime.

Special Features

1. Rich and complex texture,

multiplicity of the classical

(Biblical and mythological)

references, wealth of ornament

and decoration

2. Subjects are magnificent

3. The characters are human and

believable

4. In the ending, life not death is

triumphant

Influence

Romantic poets William Blake

and Percy Shelley, who saw

Satan as the real hero of the

poem and a rebel against the

tyranny of Heaven........Winston

Churchill

Daniel Defoe

丹尼尔·迪福Fiction Artistic features:

1. D had a gift for organizing

3 1660-1731

1. The Father

of the English

Fiction

2. first

important

English

novelist 标志

着近代英国小

说的形成

3. versatile

多产的

Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》1719

Captain Singleton《辛格尔顿船长》1720

Moll Flanders《摩尔·弗兰德斯》1722

A Journal of the Plague Year《大疫年记事》1722

Non-fiction

The Shortest Way with the Dissenters《消灭不同教派的捷

径》

Poems

Hymn to the Pillory《枷锁颂》→wrote in prison. imitated the

lyric poem of Greek poet Pindaros(品达罗斯) .

The True-Born Englishman《地道的英国人》1701→his first

ironic poem & the most successful poem.

minute detail---both credible and

fascinating.

2. His sentences are sometimes

short and plain,sometimes long

and rambling---an impression of

casual narration.

3. His language is smooth, easy,

and mostly vernacular地方的.

everything is common English at

its best instead of artificial..

3.His novels enjoy a popularity

among middle class.

Theme

1. Sings the praises of labour

2. Beautifies the colonialism

3. Reflects the aggressive and

brave image of the rising English

bourgeoisie

4. Belaud the individualism.

5. Affirm the power of human,

espcially the force of reason

4 Jonathan Swift

斯威夫特

1667-1745

( a master of

satire )

Dublin ,Ireland

The Battle of Books书的战争;

an attack on pedantry(买弄学问)

A Tale of A Tub一个木桶的故事;

1. in the form of a parable

2. a satire upon all religious sects an attack on

Christianity itself

Guilliver’s Travels格列佛游记

Lilliput 小人国--the Tories(托利党) & the Whigs(辉格党)

Brobdingnag 大人国---a satire on English lords and

ladies

Flying Island 飞岛国---corrupted philosophers &

projectors

Country of the Horses 智马国---the conflicts of English

society

and people

A Modest Proposal一个温和的建议

Style:

simple, clear, vigorous language;

direct and precise prose;

a master satirist;

deadly irony & powerful satire.

Swift’s Artistic Features

1. Satire

Swift was a man of great

moral integrity and social charm.

His satire is usually masked

by an outward gravity and an

apparent earnestness which

renders his satire all the more

powerful.

2. Simplicity and Directness

Swift is always most

unsurpassed in the writing. He

defined a good style as “proper

words in proper places.”

5 Henry Fielding

亨利·菲尔丁Joseph Andrews 约瑟·安德鲁传--epistolary novel 书信体小Literary Views

1.He firmly believed the

1707-1754 （英国现实主义小说的奠基者）说

Mr Jonathan Wild the Great大伟人江奈生·魏尔德传

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆·琼斯;

Amelia阿美利亚

educational function of literature

2.The purpose of the novel was

not just to amuse, but to instruct

3.“the just copies of human

manners”

(人类态度的完整拷贝）

Literary Features

1.The first to give the modern

novel its structure and style

2.Third-person narration

“all-knowing God”

3.The language is easy and

familiar, but quite vivid and

vigorous

6 Robert Burns

彭斯

1759-1796

(the national

poet of

Scotland 苏格

兰民族诗人) Poems in the Scottish Dialect苏格兰方言诗集

Poems:

The Tree of Liberty自由村;

Scots Wha-Hae苏格兰人;

The Two Dogs两只狗;

His theme:

1.Love & friendship

2.The natural beauty of his

native Scotland

3.The patriotism of his

compatriots and their struggle for

liberty

7 William Blake

布莱克

1757-1827

(a precursor of

Romanticism

in English

poetry浪漫主

义先驱)

Songs of Innocence天真之歌;

Songs of Experience经验之歌；

(simple without being naive; childlike without being childish;

innocent without being insipid乏味）

The French Revolution法国革命;

The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻;

名诗：Lamb; London; The Tiger

First Important Romantic Poet

1.Inner spiritual freedom of the

individual

2.Plain, simple, direct, immense

meaning

3.Vision images

4.Symbolism

8 William

Wordsworth

威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850 （Poet Laureate桂冠诗人）(developed and cherished a love of nature)

Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集

（mark the break with 18th century classicism and the

beginning of romanticism in English poetry）;

The Solitary Reaper

Composed upon Westminster Bridge

Theme:

Nature

Ordinary people

Ordinary life

Preface:

Al good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful

Romantic Poetic Principles

"Preface" :

classic statement of Romantic

poetry principles;

manifesto of the English

Romantic movement in poetry

Lit erary Concept

The function of poetry lies in its

power to give an unexpected

splendor to familiar and

commonplace things, to

“incidents and situations from

common life.”All kinds of

people, ordinary peasants,

children, even outcasts, can

1795-1821 Well-known poets:

Isabella伊莎贝拉;

The Eve of Sanit Agnes圣爱尼节前夜;

On the Grasshopper and Crickets 蛐蛐和蟋蟀

Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂;

To Autumn秋颂;

Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂; colorful and rich in imaginary. Keats has the power of entering the feelings of others--- either human or animal. He declared that when he saw a bird on the lawn, the entered imaginatively into the life of the bird.

1 3 Charles

Dickens

狄更斯

1812-1870 The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克

外传;

Oliver Twist奥利弗·退斯特;

American Notes美国札记;

Martin Chuzzlewit马丁·朱述尔维特;

The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店;

Dombey and Son董贝父子;

David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔;

Hard Times艰难时世;

A Tale of Two Cities双城记;

Great Expectation远大前程

Theme:

Charles continued to use his

books to tell about the bad

conditions that the working

classes and poor people had to

live under. He hoped that by

doing this things would change

for the good, but they just

seemed to get worse.

Analysis of D.C.

1.It’s an adapted account of

Dickens’own life from childhood

to early adulthood. (5 Aspects—

Analysis of Tess

1. Fierce criticism of the hypocritical morality of society and the inhuman exploitation of the capitalists who invaded the English country and destroyed the peasantry from the root.

2. Tess: a typical victim of the society, a personal and also social tragedy. (poverty, society, two men)

3. Fate plays an important role.

4.“Justice was done, and the President of the Immortals had ended his sport with Tess.”regional color.

Theme:

1. The struggle between men and his environment, between aspiring human spirit and the external inanimate nature.

2. Common working class people as heroes and heroines. They are usually tragic ones who acquire self-consciousness and question the fundamentals of society.

3.Strong elements of naturalism and combined with a tendency towards symbolism.

1 5 Oscar Wilde

王尔德

1856-1900

(aestheticism

唯美主义者)

Art for art’s

sake

长篇小说:

The Picture of Dorian Gray道林·格雷的画像

童话：

The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子

诗集：

De Prafundis惨痛的呼声;

The Ballad of Reading Gaol累丁狱之歌

“Art for Art’s Sake”

1. A spokesman for aestheticism

2. Belonged to decadent school

3. Elements of social protest and

criticism

剧作：

Lady Windermere’s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子;

A Woman of No Importance一个无足轻重的妇女;

An Ideal Husband理想丈夫;

The Importance of Being Earnest埃耐斯特的重要性

1 6 George

Bernard Shaw

萧伯纳

1856-1950

（Nobel Prize

Winner）

Art for

education’s

sake

长篇小说：

An Unsocial Socialist业余社会主义者

评论：

Quintessence of Ibsenism

剧本：

Widoer’s Houses鳏夫的房产;

Mrs Warren’s Profession华伦夫人的职业

Arms and the man

Candida

The man of dynasty

Caesar and Cleopatra

Major Barbara巴巴拉少校

Pygmalion劈克美梁;

Heartbreak House伤心之家;

The Apple Cart苹果车;

Art should serve social purposes

by reflecting human life,

revealing social contradictions

and educating the common

people.

Features

1. Structurally and thematically,

Shaw followed the great

traditions of realism. With his wit

and love of paradox, he made full

use of comic satire and brought a

new kind of intelligence to the

drama.

2. Shaw’s language is easy, witty

and forceful.

Defoe and Swift

They are the forerunners of English fiction.

Samuel Richardson and Henry Fielding

The maturity of the English novel doesn’t come until they appear. Real beginning of English Romanticism:

publication of Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge

3. Aestheticism

~~Aestheticism places art above life.

~~According to the aesthetes, all artistic creation is absolutely subjective as opposed to objective.

~~Art should be free from any influence of egoism. Only when art is for art’s sake, can it be immortal. They believed that art should be unconcerned with controversial issues, such as politics and morality, and that it should be restricted to contributing beauty in a highly polished style.

~~This was one of the reactions against the materialism and commercialism of the Victorian industrial era, as well as a reaction against the Victorian convention of art for morality’s sake, or art for money’s sake.

大三_英国文学史(绝对标准中文版)

英国文学源远流长，经历了长期、复杂的发展演变过程。在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对文学发生着影响，文学内部遵循自身规律，历经盎格鲁-撒克逊、文艺复兴、新古典主义、浪漫主义、现实主义、现代主义等不同历史阶段。下面对英国文学的发展过程作一概述。一、中世纪文学（约5世纪-1485）英国最初的文学同其他国家最初的文学一样，不是书面的，而是口头的。故事与传说口头流传，并在讲述中不断得到加工、扩展，最后才有写本。公元5世纪中叶，盎格鲁、撒克逊、朱特三个日耳曼部落开始从丹麦以及现在的荷兰一带地区迁入不列颠。盎格鲁-撒克逊时代给我们留下的古英语文学作品中，最重要的一部是《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf），它被认为是英国的民族史诗。《贝奥武甫》讲述主人公贝尔武甫斩妖除魔、与火龙搏斗的故事，具有神话传奇色彩。这部作品取材于日耳曼民间传说，随盎格鲁-撒克逊人入侵传入今天的英国，现在我们所看到的诗是8世纪初由英格兰诗人写定的，当时，不列颠正处于从中世纪异教社会向以基督教文化为主导的新型社会过渡的时期。因此，《贝奥武甫》也反映了7、8世纪不列颠的生活风貌，呈现出新旧生活方式的混合，兼有氏族时期的英雄主义和封建时期的理想，体现了非基督教日耳曼文化和基督教文化两种不同的传统。公元1066年，居住在法国北部的诺曼底人在威廉公爵率领下越过英吉利海峡，征服英格兰。诺曼底人占领英格兰后，封建等级制度得以加强和完备，法国文化占据主导地位，法语成为宫廷和上层贵族社会的语言。这一时期风行一时的文学形式是浪漫传奇，流传最广的是关于亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的故事。《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，1375-1400）以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇最精美的作品之一。传奇文学专门描写高贵的骑士所经历的冒险生活和浪漫爱情，是英国封建社会发展到成熟阶段一种社会理想的体现。 14世纪以后，英国资本主义工商业发展较快，市民阶级兴起，英语逐渐恢复了它的声誉，社会各阶层普遍使用英语，为优秀英语文学作品的产生提供了条件。杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer， 1343-1400）的出现标志着以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史的开始。《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales）以一群香客从伦敦出发去坎特伯雷朝圣为线索，通过对香客的生动描绘和他们沿途讲述的故事，勾勒出一幅中世纪英国社会千姿百态生活风貌的图画。乔叟首创英雄诗行，即五步抑扬格双韵体，对英诗韵律作出了很大贡献，被誉为"英国诗歌之父".乔叟的文笔精练优美，流畅自然，他的创作实践将英语提升到一个较高的文学水平，推动了英语作为英国统一的民族语言的进程。二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期-17世纪初）相对于欧洲其他国家来说，英国的文艺复兴起始较晚，通常认为是在15世纪末。文艺复兴时期形成的思想体系被称为人文主义，它主张以人为本，反对中世纪以神为中心的世界观，提倡积极进取、享受现世欢乐的生活理想。托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More， 1478-1535）是英国最主要的早期人文主义者，他的《乌托邦》（Utopia）批评了当时的英国和欧洲社会，设计了一个社会平等、财产公有、人们和谐相处的理想国。Utopia现已成为空想主义的代名词，但乌托邦是作者对当时社会状况进行严肃思考的结果。《乌托邦》开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河，这一传统从培根的《新大西岛》（The New Atlantis）、斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》（Gulliver's Travels）、勃特勒的《埃瑞璜》（Erewhon）一直延续到20世纪

(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档

一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法）例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式

美国文学作家与作品汇总

Works: Part 1. The Literature of Colonial America John Smith 1580-1631 1 first American writer A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony; A Map of Virginia with a Description of the Country; The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles Roger Williams 1603-1683 1 Begins the history of religious toleration in America A key into the Language of America Edward Taylor 1612-1672 1 The best of the puritan poets No publishing of his work, most treat religious themes, many poems based directly on Psalms. Thomas Jefferson 1743-1826 1 The first American secretary of state Drafted the Declaration of Independence Thomas Paine托马斯·潘恩1737-1809 The Case of the Officers of Excise(his first pamphlet)税务员问题；Common Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason理性时代Agrarian Justice --last important treaties 1 Great Commoner of Mankind 2 The most articulate spokesman of the American Revolution 3 natural gift for pamphleteering and rebellion Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺1752-1832 Father of American Poetry The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground 印第安人殡葬地 1 the most outstanding writer of the post-revolutionary period 2 “Poet of the American Revolution” 3 herald American literary independence

英美著名文学家及其作品简介

英美著名文学家及其作品简介一、英国文学名家名著威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴（Renaissance）时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）也都很受欢迎。《哈姆雷特》叙述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇，杀死篡夺王位的叔父的故事。《哈姆雷特》里“to be or not to be, that is the question”的成为经典台词。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》描写了一对青年男女因家族间的世仇而不能联姻结果自杀的故事，揭露了封建制度的残酷无情，同时，歌颂了青年男女纯洁坚贞的爱情。济慈（Keats, 1795一1821）是英国浪漫主义诗人。他出身贫苦，作过医生的学徒，后来才以写诗为业。他对当时英国社会的现实不满，希望在一个“永恒的美的世界”中寻找安身立命之处。他的诗歌以文辞声调之美著称，在艺术上对后代的英国诗人影响很大。主要作品有《伊沙贝拉》(Isabella)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)和《秋颂》(To Autumn)等。雪莱（Shelley ，1792一1822）是英国浪漫主义的重要诗人。他生于贵族家庭。他既创作了富于政治思想性的诗，也写了很多优美的抒情诗，特别是爱情诗，显示了不羁的想象，瑰丽的色彩和动人的音韵，这些使他成为英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。他的主要作品有《麦布女王》(Queen Mab)、《致英国人民之歌》(Song to the Men of England)、《解放了的普罗米修斯》(Prometheus Unbound)和《西风颂》(Ode to the West Wind)等。《西风颂》里的名句“冬天来了，春天还会远吗？”（If Winters comes,can spring be far behind）成为妇幼皆知的诗文。简?奥斯丁（Jane Austen ，1775一1817）,英国现实主义小说家。她是乡村牧师的女儿，一生住在乡间。写过六部小说，多以乡间生活为背景，更以婚姻问题为中心题材。她的作品情节结构精密紧凑，人物描写深刻生动，戏剧场面精彩，对话巧妙。主要作品有《理智和情感》(Sense and Sensibility)、《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)、《曼斯非尔德花园》(Mansfield Park)、《爱玛》(Emma)等。华人导演李安（Ang Lee ，1954—）于1995年导演的外语影片《理智与情感》获当年美国奥斯卡(Oscar)最佳剧本改编及最佳女演员奖。夏洛蒂、爱米丽和安妮姐妹（Charlotte, Emily and Anne）三人出身贫寒，幼年丧母，不得不在慈善学校度过童年。夏洛蒂38岁才结婚，次年去世。两个妹妹终生未嫁。夏洛蒂的代表作《简爱》(Jane Eyre)是她的自传体小说，小说问世后立即产生了巨大影响。小说坦率而热情地塑造了同自己的天生欲望和社会地位发生冲突的妇女。爱米丽的《呼啸的山庄》(Wuthering Heights)被誉为第一部社会革命小说。安妮的小说具有平静力和现实性，也得到了一些评论者的称赞。查理?狄更斯（Charles Dickens ，1812 - 1870）, 19世纪英国伟大的小说家。幼年家贫，曾作徒工，成名后仍接近贫苦人民。一生创作辛勤，留下了20多部小说，包括《匹克威克外传》(Pickerwick Papers)、《雾都孤儿》(Oliver Twist)、《双城记》(A Tale of Two Cities)、《艰难时世》(Hard Times)和《大卫?科波菲尔》(David Copperfield)等。狄更斯的小说情节曲折动人，人物形象鲜明生动，写景叙事真切而又富想象，既有尖刻的讽刺，又有幽默的夸张。

英国文学史分时期总结作家作品

英语文学史分时期总结作家作品贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons Epic:long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated. e.g. Homer?s Iliad and Odyssey Artistic features: 1. Using alliteration Definition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound（头韵） Some examples on P5 2. Using metaphor and understatement Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideas Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1340(?)~1400 (首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. ①坎特伯雷故事集： first time to use …heroic couplet?(双韵体) by middle English ②特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ③声誉之宫 Medieval Ages’ popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事) Famous three：King Arthur Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Beowulf The Renaissance Period A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival: 1. new discoveries in geography and astrology 2. the religious reformation and economic expansion 3. rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture The most famous dramatists: Christopher Marlowe William Shakespeare Ben Johnson. 1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯宾塞1552~1599 （后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。）The poets?poet.Th e first to be buried in the Poet?s corner of Westerminster Abbey

美国文学作家以及作品总汇

美国文学部分(American Literature) 一．独立革命前后的文学（The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1)．殖民地时期的文学的特点 2)．主要的作家、其概况及其代表作品 2．独立革命前后时期的主要作家本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林，散文家、科学家、社会活动家，曾参与起草―独立宣言。《穷查理历书》Poor Richard’s Almanack 《致富之道》The Way to Wealth 《自传》The Autobiography 托马斯·潘恩Thomas Paine托马斯·潘恩，散文家、政治家、报刊撰稿人。《税务员问题》The Case of the Officers of Excise 《常识》Common Sense 《美国危机》American Crisis 《人的权利》Rights of Man 《专制体制的崩溃》Downfall of Despotism 《理性时代》The Age of Reason 菲利普·弗伦诺Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺，著名的―革命诗人‖。《蒸蒸日上的美洲》―The Rising Glory of America‖

《英国囚船》―The British Prison Ship‖ 《纪念美国勇士》同类诗中最佳―To the Memory of the Brave Americans‖ 《野生的金银花》―The Wild Honeysuckle‖ 《印第安人殡葬地》―The Indian Burying Ground‖ 1二．美国浪漫主义文学（American Romanticism） 1．本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1)．美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 2)．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格 3)．清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文，美国著名小说家，被称为―美国文学之父‖.《瑞普·凡·温可尔》Rip Van Winkle 《纽约外史》A History of New York 《见闻札记》The Sketch Book 《睡谷的传说》The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀开创了以《皮裹腿故事集》为代表的边疆传奇小说，其中最为重要的一部是《最后的莫西干人》。《皮裹腿故事集》Leatherstocking Tales 《间谍》The Spy 《领航者》The Pilot

英国文学作家作品介绍

作家作品介绍 Francis Bacon弗朗西斯·培根(1561-1626)PPT55 Essays (1594) The Advancement of Learning (1605) Great Instauration and Novum Organum (1620) New Atlantis (posthumous) William Shakespeare As You Like It皆大欢喜 Mid-summer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦 Twelfth Night The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人 Hamlet (Oedipus complex) Othello (credulousness) King Lear (reap what one has sown) Macbeth (jealous ) Pericles Cymbeline The Winter’s Tale The Tempest John Donne (1572-1631) Never send to know for whom the bells tolls; it tolls for thee (Death, Be Not Proud)含义：We are humanbeings and we are all

in some way connected. We can’t feel free when someone else is in trouble. John Milton (1608-1674) 1. Short poems: “L’Allegro”and “Il Penseroso”; Lycidas (1637) 2. Prose work: Areopagitica (1644) 3. Long poems: Paradise Lost -- Fall of the angels (13 days) --Creation of the world (7days) --Fall of Man (13 days) (1667), Paradise Regained (1671), and Samson Agonistes (1671) Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce Joseph Addison约瑟夫·艾迪生(1672-1719) he founded The Spectator 《旁观者》magazine. Cato（a Tragedy）最出名Indeed, it was almost certainly literary inspiration for the American Revolution, being well known to many of the Founding Fathers.

美国文学史作品作家汇总全

美国文学史作品作家汇总美国文学 Part 1. Colonial America Thomas Paine托马斯?潘恩1737-1809 The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；Common Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason理性时代 Philip Freneau菲利普?弗伦诺1752-1832 The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle 野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地 .Jonathan Edwards The Freedom of the Will 论意志自由The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended论原罪The Nature of True Virtue论真是德行的本原 Benjamin Franklin本杰明?富兰克林1706-1790 A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money; Poor Richard’s Almanac穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自传 Part 2. American Romanticism Washington Irving华盛顿?欧文1783-1859 A History of New York纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Brace bridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travelers旅客谈；The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉 Jamie Fennimore Cooper詹姆斯?费尼莫尔?库珀1789-1851 The Spy间谍;The Pilot领航者;The Little page Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leather stocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deer slayer杀鹿者 Part 3.New England Transcendentalism Ralf Waldo Emerson拉尔夫?沃尔多?爱默生1803-1882 Essays散文集:Nature论自然-----新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The American Scholar 论美国学者;Divinity; The Over soul论超灵;Self-reliance论自立;The Transcendentalist超验主义者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits 英国人的特征;School Address神学院演说 Concord Hymn康考德颂;The Rhoda杜鹃花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days日

英国文学史作家及作品(重要表格)

英美文学选读（英国文学部分） Period Life Time Name CN Nane Writings CN Writings Renaissance1500-1660Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙.斯宾赛 The Faerie Queen仙后 Blank verse University wit Christopher Marlowe 克里斯扥夫.马洛 Tamburlaine Dr Fauctus The Jew of Malta 帖木耳大帝弗士德博士的悲剧马耳他的犹太人 William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚 The Merchant of Venice Hamlet The Tempest 威尼斯商人哈姆雷特暴风雨叙事诗十四行诗 Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯. 培根 Essays Of Studies 论说文论学习 John Donne约翰.邓恩 The Sun Rising Death Be Not Proud John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿 Lycidas Paradise Lost Paradise Regained Samson Agonistes 利西达斯失乐园复乐园力士参孙 Neoclassical Period 1660-1798John Bunyan约翰.班杨The Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程Alexander Pope 亚历山大. 蒲伯 An Essay on Criticism论批评 1660-1731Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔.笛弗 Robinson Crusoe鲁滨逊漂流记Jonathan Swift 乔纳森.斯威特 Gulliver’s Travels格列佛游记Henry Fielding 亨利.菲尔丁 The History of The Adventures of Joseph Andrew The History of Jonathan Wild the Great The History of Tom Jons 约瑟夫.安德鲁伟大的乔纳森.怀尔德汤姆.琼斯Samuel Johnson 赛缪尔.约翰逊 A Dictionary of the English Language To the Right Honorable The Earl of Chesterfield 英语大词典致切斯特菲尔德勋爵的信 Richard Brinsley Sheridan 理查德德. 比.谢立丹 The School of Scandal造谣学校Thomas Gray 扥马斯.格雷 Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 写在教堂墓地的挽歌 Romantic1798-1870William Blake 威廉.布莱克 Songs of Innocence Songs of Experience Marriage of Heaven and Hell 天真之歌经验之歌天堂与地狱联姻先知书 William Wordsworth 威廉.华兹华斯 Lyrical Ballads Tintern Abbey Prelude 抒情歌谣集丁登寺旁序曲 Samuel Taylor Coleridge 塞缪尔.特勒.科勒律治 The Rime of The Ancient Mariner Kubla Khan Christalbel Biographia Literaria 老水手之行忽必烈汉克丽斯塔贝尔文学传记 George Gordon Byron 乔治.戈登. 拜伦 Childe Harold Don Juan 洽尔德.哈罗德游记唐璜该隐 Percy Bysshe Shelley 铂.比.雪莱 Ode to the West Wind To a Skylark 西风颂云雀颂