初中英语语法 - 与比较级相关的习语
(1) no more than =only 只有，，只不
There are no more than a hundred people in the hall.
大
里只有 100 人。
(2) not more than=at the most 不超，至多
There are not more than a hundred people in the hall. 大
里至多100 人。
(3) no less than 多达，很多于
He made no less than ￡500. 他了多达五百英的。
He walks no less than five miles to school. 他上学至少要
走五英里。
(4) less than不到，不太，极不
I won ’t take less than $5000 for my car.我的汽低于5000 美元不。
The boys were less than happy about having a party.开晚
会男孩子并不很高。
Doctors have been less than successful in treating this
condition. 医生在治种病极不成功。
(5) more than多于，超((=over,后接数);不但(=not
only, 后接名、或副 ); 非常，十分 (=very, 后接形容、副、或分 );
以，完全不能 ( 用于 more than ?can?) “。
He was more than seventy years of age.他有七十多了。
He more than smiled, but laughed.他不但微笑而是大笑。
They were more than glad to help. 他非常于帮忙。
That is more than I can tell. 那我就不知道了。
(6) more or less(=almost, nearly, about) 基本上，差不多，
大
The work is more or less finished. 工作基本上完成了。
The repairs will cost $30, more or less. 修理大要30 美元。
(7) sooner or later早，早晚，有一天
You should tell her because she’ll find out sooner or
later.你是告她吧，因她早晚会的。
(8)what ’s more 而且，此外，有，更有甚者
I missed the bus and had to walk home. What’s more, it
was raining and I got all wet. 我赶不上巴士，不得不走回家，而
且那正在下雨，我全身都湿透了。
(9) no sooner?than?一??就??
He had no sooner arrived than he was asked to leave again.
他到就被支走了。
比较等级，几多注意 在本单元的学习中，我们又进一步了解了比较等级的用法。可是在具体运用中，常有同学因粗心而犯下一些错误。那么，学习比较等级，有那些要注意的地方呢？ 一注意单词拼写 可不要以为拼写是一个小问题呀！形容词或副词变比较级的规则可要时刻牢记，该双写，该去e，该加more或该y变i，都是不能马虎的。例如： 他总是比我到校早。 He always comes to school earlyer than me. （误） （正）He always comes to school earlier than me. 二注意比较对象 在比较等级的句型中，比较的双方必须是同类事物，否则会引起歧义。即人与人，物与物的比较。例如： 他的尺子比我的长。 His ruler is longer than me.（误） （正）His ruler is longer than mine. 三注意符合逻辑 自身能进行比较吗？当然是不行的。可是有时我们因不小心而将自己和自己比较。为了避免这样的错误，可借助“any other+单数名词”来帮忙。例如： 中国比亚洲的其他任何一个国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Asia. （误） （正）China is larger than any other country in Asia. 四注意修饰词语
在比较等级中，so, very, quite, too等修饰原级；much, a lot, far, even 等常修饰比较级。在使用时，不要弄错了。例如： 姚明比我高多了。Yao Ming is very taller than I. （误） （正）Yao Ming is much taller than I. 五注意范围介词 在表达最高级时，常用到in或of两个表范围的介词。in表示“在…范围之中”，而of常用于“在…同类之中”。例如： 玛丽是我们班最漂亮的女孩。Mary is the prettiest girl of our class. （误） （正）Mary is the prettiest girl in our class. 六注意定冠词的使用 1. 形容词最高级前一般有定冠词，但如果前边也有物主代词，名词所有格 等词来修饰时，定冠词the常被省略。例如： 加里是我最好的朋友。Gary is my the best friend. （误） （正）Gary is my best friend. 2. 形容词比较级前一般不加定冠词，但句中有“of the two”结构表示“两者中较…的一个”时，定冠词the要加上。例如： 苏珊是这两个女孩子当中较胖的一个。 Susan is fatter of the two girls. （误） （正）Susan is the fatter of the two girls. 3. 在使用最高级“one of the +最高级+复数名词”结构时，定冠词the不能丢掉。例如：
初中英语语法专项习题：倒装句和感叹句 Ⅰ、倒装句。 1. —I'm going to visit the Lugou Bridge tomorrow. —______. A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go 2. Yao Ming works hard on his English and ______. A. so Liu Xiang does B. so is Liu Xiang C. so does Liu Xiang D. so Liu Xiang is 3. If you don’t go swimming tomorrow, _______. A. so I don’t go B. nor will I C. so do I D. neither do I 4. Lily hasn't finished her work yet. A. So has he. B. Neither has he. C. He has too. D. He hasn't too. 5. —She is very beautiful in her class. —______. A. So is she B. So she is C. Neither does she D. Nor is she 6. On the east of the river ______ three buildings. A. lies B. stands C. stand D. are standing 7. On every piece of the paper _____ pictures of some horses. A. is B. are C. has D. have 8. Only when you remember all the new words ______ study English well. A. can you B. you can C. did you D. you could 9. ______ that there were so many girls in this school before. A. Little I knew B. Little did I know C. Little I did I know D. Little had I known 10. Not until yesterday______ the truth about the accident. A. I knew B. I did know C. I had known D. did I know 11. Hardly ______ my homework when Jim came to visit him. A. have I finished B. had I finished C. I had finished D. I have finished Ⅱ、用What , What a , What an , How填空。 1. _____________ hot the weather is! 2. _____________ hard her father works! 3. _____________ long way it is from Guangdong to Paris! 4. _____________ fine day it was yesterday! 5. _____________ beautiful your voice is! 6. _____________ interesting picture-books! 7. _____________ lovely baby! 8. _____________ strong wind! 9. _____________ sad new he told us! 10. _____________ happy she was last weekend! 11. _____________ good weather! Why not go out for a walk？ 12. _____________ nice the garden is! 13. _____________ difficult work he did! 14. _____________ broken the house looks! 15. _____________ happy life we have! 16. _____________ well my deskmate swims! 17. _____________ delicious mooncakes!
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 (1) 符合规则的： 例题解析 1. He is ________ friends than I. A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more 解析：后面有可数名词复数时，many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。应选B. 2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 解析：两者比较用比较级，表示"发达"用developed, 而developing 是"发展中的" 3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990. A. little B. few C. fewer D. less 解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级，所以应选C. 4. If you are not free today, come another day __________. A. too B. so C. instead D. yet 解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"，表示前面的事情没做，而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C. 5．He can't tell us ________, I think. A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important. 解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B 6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
初中英语语法知识点总结-句子的基本结构
3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5、定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。 The black bike is mine.（形容词） The boy in blue is Jim.（介词短语） I have nothing to do today.（动词不定式） 注意：1) 当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything , everything , something等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如： I tell him something interesting. 2) 不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。 例如：The boys who are in the room are playing games. 6、状语：用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句，位置灵活。 1、修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前； I am very sorry. 2、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首。In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth. They are writing English in the classroom. 3、一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。 We often help him.
He is always late for class. 7、补语：补充说明宾语的情况。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等担任。常位于宾语后。 He made me sad.（形容词） She asks me to take an umbrella.（不定式） The war made him a soldier.（名词） I find him at home.（介词短语） I saw a cat running along the wall.（分词） 8、同位语：同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. I myself will do the experiment. She is the oldest among them six. 一）. 简单句五种基本句型： 句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型：1、基本句型的词序：
初中英语语法大全 最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！太平洋英语，免费体验全部外教一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/8d3929297.html, 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at nigh t I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
初中英语语法：感叹句 表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。感叹句分为两种，一种以what引导，一种以how引导。句尾用感叹号!。用降调。下面就是小编给大家带来的关于感叹句的语法，希望能帮助到大家! 英语语法大全之感叹句 What a clever boy he is! 多么聪明的小男孩啊! How clever the boy is! 这小男孩多聪明啊! 1What引导的感叹句 What a beautiful city it is! (这是个)多么美丽的城市啊! 句型：(1)what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) What a beautiful city it is! What an interesting story she told! (2)what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) What expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! 2how引导的感叹句
How hot it is today!今天天气多么热啊! 1.句型：(1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How cold it is! How hard he works! (2)How+陈述句(主语+谓语) How he loves his son! (3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How tall a tree it is! 2.how修饰动词时，动词并不提前。 How I want to be a teacher! 我多想当个老师啊! 上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如： What a clever boy he is!How clever the boy is! What a cold day it is!How cold it is! 注意 what和how引导的两种感叹句，在口语中常用简略式，即省略后一部分(陈述句部分)如： How cold! 多冷啊! What heavy traffic! 交通多挤啊! 比较
初中英语语法大全(必备)
英语语法大全： 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do （例如:I like watching monkeys jump） 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同····一道，伴随······（例如: I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树） 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）（例如: ask you for my book ） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时（例如：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾（例如: At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 （例如: I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原）能够……（例如: She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么（例如:she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……（例如: I'm afraid to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么（例如: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视、I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气（例如: Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样（例如: She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to感到羞愧 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害（例如: Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于
初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他
比较级和最高级 一．写出下列词的比较级和最高级。 Tall ________ _________ short________ _________ light________ _______ Weak _______ _________ strong _______ ________ long_______ ________ Small _______ _________ high ________ _________ large _______ ________ Heavy _______ _________ fast ________ ________ slow _______ ________ Big _________ _________ fat ________ __________ thin ________ ________ Wet ________ __________ red ________ _________ hot _________ _________ Much ________ ________ many ________ _________ bad ________ _________ Good ________ ________ ill ________ _________ little ________ _________ Few ________ ________ well _________ ________ old _________ _________ Cold ________ _________ new _______ _________ wide _______ __________ Angry ________ ________ busy _______ _________ dirty ________ __________ Easy ________ _________ early ________ ________ cloudy _______ _________ Happy _______ _________ beautiful _____________ _____________ Important ______________ ______________ expensive______________ ____________ Interesting _____________ ________________ useful ______________ _____________ Popular ______________ _______________ exciting ______________ _____________ Careful _____________ _______________ wonderful _____________ ____________ Difficult ____________ _______________ quickly _____________ _____________ Slowly _____________ _______________ loudly ____________ _____________ 二．用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Tom is _____________( strong ) than Mary. 2.You are ____________(weak ) than me 3.Lynn is ____________ (loud ) than any of us 4.This box is ____________(heavy) than that one 5.Exercise One is ____________( easy ) than Exercise Two 6.The sun is ______________(big) than the moon 7.The ruler is ____________( long ) than that one 8.My ball is ____________(small) than yours 9.Ted was ______________(slow) than Haley 10.Pat was ______________( light) than Koko. 11.I’m _______________(fat) than my daughter . 12.Today is ______________( hot) than yesterday,It’s __________________(hot) day of this year. 13.The Changjiang River is _______________(long) river in China. 14.Chongqing is __________________(large) city in China. 15.The moon is __________________(small) of the three. 16.My flat is ______________(good ) than yours . 17.The moon is _____________(light) than the Earth
初中英语语法总结感叹句参考 What a clever boy he is! 多么聪明的小男孩啊! How clever the boy is! 这小男孩多聪明啊! 1What引导的感叹句 What a beautiful city it is! (这是个)多么美丽的城市啊! 句型：(1)what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) What a beautiful city it is! What an interesting story she told! (2)what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) What expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! 2how引导的感叹句 How hot it is today!今天天气多么热啊! 1.句型：(1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How cold it is! How hard he works! (2)How+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How he loves his son! (3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How tall a tree it is! 2.how修饰动词时，动词并不提前。 How I want to be a teacher! 我多想当个老师啊! 上述两种感叹句能够互相转换。例如： What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is! What a cold day it is!→How cold it is! 注意 what和how引导的两种感叹句，在口语中常用简略式，即省略后一部分(陈述句部分)如： How cold! 多冷啊! What heavy traffic! 交通多挤啊! 比较 感叹句和特殊疑问句 感叹句：How busy you are!(陈述句语序) 你多么忙啊! 疑问句：How busy are you?(疑问句语序)
初中英语语法大全 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词 动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你