英语从句讲解-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
Simple sentence
Compound sentence
Complex sentence
从句：名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）
形容词性从句 (定语从句)
副词性从句（状语从句）
英语中六大从句用法总结
在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句1.主语从句subjective clause
一般由what, who, which, why, how, when, which,
whether…or…等引导，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：It is self-evident that… 很明显的是
It goes without saying that… 不用说
It is asserted that．．．有人主张……
It is believed that．．．据信……
It is generally considered that．．．人们普遍认为……
It is hoped that．．．人们希望……
It is reported that．．．据报道……
It is said that．．．据说……
It is supposed that．．．据推测．．．
It is well-known that．．．众所周知……
It must be admitted that．．．必须承认……
It c annot be denied that… 不可否认……
It must be pointed out that．．．需指出的是……
It was told that．．．据传……
It will be said that．．．有人会说……
It follows that… 由此可见
It is inappropriate that… ……是不合适的
2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。
What we lack is experience.
3)what, who, when, why, whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。
How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.
I did know why I felt like crying.
2.宾语从句objective clause
1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in
that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。
*I promised that I would change the situation.
*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.
*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.
*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.
Compliment
2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.
3)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。
He didn't think that the money was well spent.
2.表语从句Predictive clause
Linking verb
表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that, what, when, why, whether, how等引导外，还可由because, as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。
如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.
Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.
The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.
4.同位语从句appositional clause
同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用
连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether, who, when, where, what, why, how等引导。常见的先行名词有
fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,ord er,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从
句位于谓语之后。
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.
I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.
The news came that their team had won the championship.
5.定语从句attributive clause
定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
*限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等。who, whom, whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.
Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.
The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.
1)当先行词是all, anything, everything, something, nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first, last, any, few, much, some, no, only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。
That is all that I've heard from him.
He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.
2)关系代词的省略
在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。
This is one of those things with which we have to put up.
This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with.
3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。
Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words, the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.
No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.
*非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。
Every object has a gravitational pull, which is rather like magnetism.
*“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句
“介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。
It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.
The girl to whom you speak is my sister.
*as引导的定语从句
as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。
These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)
As is mentioned above, no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语)
6.状语从句adverbial clause
*时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：
1）when, whenever, while, as, after, before, since, till, until, once等。
We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.
2)as soon as, hardly(scarcely)...when, no sooner...than,
each(every) time, the moment, immediately(that)等。
As soon as I sent an e-mail message, I received positive responses.
The moment he heard the good news, he jumped with joy.
*地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where, wherever.
Wherever she went, she took her little daughter with her.
*原因、结果和目的状语从句
1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since, now(that),seeing that, considering that, I n that等。Considering that he is a freshman, we must say he is doing well.
2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that, such...that
,so that, that, so等。
Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.
3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, lest等，从句常使用may, might, can, could, would等情态动词。
We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.
*条件和让步状语从句
1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if, unless, as(so) long as, on condition that, in case, provided(providing) that, supposing等。
As long as you have the right equipment, you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.
2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though, although, whether, even though, even if, no matter what(when, how...),whatever(whenever, wherever, however....)等。though, even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）
+as+主语+谓语”。
No matter what you may say, I would not change my mind. Young as he is, he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)
Child as he is, he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)
*方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有as, just as, as if, as though等。as if, as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。
The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.
Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属 于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外， 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先 行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语 里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词who whom whose as when （2）关系副词where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用_____________________。 二、名词性从句 1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if
名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能 （1）连接词： （2）连接代词： （3）连接副词 5.名词性从句解题方法 三、状语从句 1.状语从句的引导词： 时间状语从句： 地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句： 条件状语从句： 结果状语从句： 目的状语从句： 比较状语从句： 方式状语从句： 2.状语从句解题方法 The evening, _________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.（2010福建）We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _____we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 3.（2008湖南）__________ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As 4.（2008重庆）They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for tow or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when
英语语法: 英语从句完全汇总 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不
从句 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类: 即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。 引导从句的词称作关联句. 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示]
1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
（精华版）初中英语语法基本从句汇总从句的共同特点 从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子，充当什么成分就叫什么从句，如：充当宾语就叫宾语从句，充当定语成分就叫定语从句。 从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点：从句是句子。 从句的共同特点：1.从句都有自己的连接词2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前，谓语在后，如：He is a teacher主语He在谓语is之前，因此是陈述语序，而Is he a teacher?主语He在谓语is之后，因此不是陈述语序。) 1宾语从句 宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子，如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up. 宾语从句的特点： ①宾语从句有自己的连接词 ②宾语从句用陈述语序 ③宾语从句的时态 1
①宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。 ②宾语从句的语序; A.宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后),如：I want to know if he can come tomorrow B.当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词，如：She asked me who had helped him. ③宾语从句的时态，只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现” A.主现则从任：主句如果是一般现在时，则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种，如：1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时) B.主过则从过：主句如果是一般过去时，则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种，带“过”字的时态分别是如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。 如：He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时) C.客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。 如：1.He says the moon goes around the earth. 2状语从句 2
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
英语三大从句 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which 。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： （一）关系代词who, whom 和whose 的用法 who 代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。 An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 whom 代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。 Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图 书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ whose 一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。 The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose 指代先行词hotel ，正式用法应该用of which 。whose window=the window of which ，意思是：the window of the hotel 。） （二）关系代词which 的用法 which 代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。 I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which 可以换成that ） （三）关系代词that 的用法that 既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。：Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that 可以换成who ） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? 放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that 可以换成 which ） Is this the book that you want to buy? 这是你要买的那本书吗？（that 可以换成which ，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略） 二、关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why ，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。 （一）关系副词when 的用法 关系副词when 代替的先行词表示的是时间，when 在定语从句作时间状语。 In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when 先行词是months ） （二）关系副词where 的用法关系副词where 代替的先行词表示的是地点，where 在定语从句作地点状语。
高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例１：This is the detective who came from London. 例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。） (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
语法内容----从句 一．从句的分类 主语从句（谓语之前）This is what he told me last night. 表语从句（系动词之后）What he said is true. 宾语从句（实意动词之后）Tell me what he said at the meeting. 同位语从句名词之后，与名词是等同关系）The news that he will come makes me happy.（解释the news) 定语从句（修饰名词或代词）The news that he tole me is true 状语从句（修饰动词） 1.)时间.....I stayed home while ha was away.(说明呆家的时间） 2.)地点....You should put the book where it was.(说明放的位置） 3. 原因....He didn’t come because he was ill.(说明没来的原因） 4.)结果...He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch cup him(他跑得快 导致的结果） 5.) 目的...We left early so that we could catch the first train.(说明 我们早出发的目的） 6.) 条件...I will not lend the book to you unless you return it in
time.(说明我借书给你的前提条件） 7.）让步...(Although he may have told you, I still think she is not to be trusted.(说明就算退一步讲，我也不信任她） 8.）方式...You should do as I tell you.(说明你要做的方式） 9.）比较...The room is bigger than that one.(形容/副词的比较用法） 二、从句的连接词(根据从句类型来用） 1.名词性从句- 主语从句陈述句（that) 宾语从句-----根据从句类型一般疑问句(weather/if) 表语从句特殊疑问句(what/how/when/ 同位语...- where/why/who.)以宾从为例陈述句：He said that he could help me.(I can help you) 一般问句He asked weather/if I could help him.( Can you help me?)特殊问句：He asked what I was doing.( What are you doing? He asked how I did it?.( How did you do it?)
定语从句 1.1 定语从句的两个重要概念：先行词和关系词： 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词。 关系词：重复指代先行词，起连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。关系词有两个作用： 1.代词的作用：重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定成分，比如I don’t like people who never keep their word.中的who指代people并且作从句的主语。 2.连接作用：即连接主句和从句，如上句who起着连接主句I don’t like people和从句who never keep their word 的作用 1.2 关系词在定语从句充当的成分 在上一节中，在谈到关系词的“代词作用”时，提到它“重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定的成分”。因此接下来的分析思路是，以关系词为出发点，从两个角度来谈定语从句：一是关系词在从句中所能充当的各种不同成分；二是关系词与先行词的对应关系，即不同的先行词要由不同的关系词来指代。 1.2.1 关系词用作从句的主语 1. I like guys and they have a good sense of humor. ↓ 2. I like guys w h o have a good sense of humor. 点睛：这里的关系词who取代and they，来引导定语从句who have a good sense of humor,修饰名词guys。这个guys就是先行词。 翻译：我喜欢有幽默感的男生。 3. Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments. 翻译：愤怒就如同一个窃贼，盗取了我们的幸福时光。 4. He who is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor rich at forty, nor wise at fifty, will never be handsome, rich or wise. 翻译：一个人若在20岁时不俊美，30岁不健康，40岁不富有，50岁时不明智，那么他将永远不会拥有这些。 5. There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: the person who thinks himself the happiest man really is so ; but the person who thinks himself the wisest is generally the greatest fool. 翻译：幸福与智慧区别于此：认为自己是最幸福的，他真的就是最幸福的；而认为自己是最有智慧的，他却往往是最大的傻瓜。 6. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. 翻译：当然了，我这里所说的的友谊不是那种“来的快去的也快”的泛泛之交，而是那种彼此之间能真正互相关心的朋友，就能够互相支持的朋友，能够让你的人生更有意义的朋友。 1.2.2 关系词用作从句动词的宾语（relative pronoun as object of verb） 关系词除了像上面讨论的在定语从句中作主语外，还可以在从句中作宾语。
初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。 spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich. fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music. David at school today ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold. , won't have supper ______my mother comes back. to him slowly ______he may understand you better. 6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself. is four years ______I had left that small village. 8. ______the air moves, it is called wind. will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow. boys did ______much work. are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it. ? back ______you come from. reached the station ______the train had left. you have a swimming pool ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours. me your paper ______you have finished it. is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home. 17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam. after the children ______I am out. ' village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot. is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it. 能力提高练习 1 ( ) 1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until ( ) 3 I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday. A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to ( ) 5 He ___ back until the work ___ done. A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is ( ) 6 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 ( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to ( ) 2 I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 3 ( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "' ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train ___. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left
状语从句讲解 英语状语从句的用法（I） 定义与用法： 在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一谓语成分的从句叫状语从句。状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句可放在主句之前或之后，放在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开。有时可置于主句中间，前后用逗号。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等九类。 各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 条件 If, unless 原因 As, because, since 地点 Where 目的 So that, in order that 结果So that, so…that, such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较than, (not)as…as, 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句。可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多，根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，通常可分为以下几种情况： A．when, while, as, whenever。 when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。分述如下：1．when ①when (at or during the time that ) 既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。 When I got home, my family were already having dinner.我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。（when表示点时间） The teacher came in when they were still talking and laughing,.当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。（when表示段时间） 【考例】Don’t be afraid of asking for help ____it is needed. A. unless B. since C. although D. when 【思路点拨】答案为D此题考查when用作连接词用来引导时间状语从句。
英语定语从句对比综合练习100题 1. (1) He is such a good teacher ________ all the students respect him. (2) He is such a good teacher ________all the students respect. A. that B. who C. as D. which 2. (1) The news ________ their team won the game surprised us. (2) The news ________ he told us surprised us. A. that B. when C. which D. as 3. (1)You should make it a rule to leave things __________ you can find them again. (2)You should make it a rule to leave things in the place __________ you can find them again. A. when B. where C. them D. there 4 .(1)I'll never forget the days ___________we spent in the countryside. (2)I'll never forget the days ___________we lived in the countryside. A. where B. who C. when D. which 5.(1)This is the shop __________sells children's clothing. (2)This is the shop ___________we sells children's clothing. A. where B. who C. the one D. which 6). (1) This is the reason __________he passed the college entrance examination. (2) This is the reason for being late ___________he told me last night. A. why B. that C. where D. when 7.(1)Chaplin acted in 82 films, many of _________he wrote and directed himself. (2)Chaplin acted in 82 films; many of _________he wrote and directed himself. A. them B. that C. which D. what 8.(1)The Chicago Bulls was made up of the best basketball players in the states, _____were black Americans. (2)The Chicago Bulls was made up of the best basketball players in the states, and ____were black Americans. A. most of whom B. most of them C. most D. most of which 9.(1) The child was from Beijing, __________they knew from his accent. (2) ___________they knew from his accent, the child was from Beijing. 3) Don't read such books __________ will do no good to you. A. it B. as/which C. as D. which 10.(1) I, who _____ your good friend, believe in you forever. (2) Alan is one of the students who ________ going to be sent abroad. 3)Alan is the only one of the students who ____________ going to be sent abroad. A. are B. is C. were D. am 11. (1)There is something wrong with my watch. _____needs repairing. (2)There is something wrong with my watch, ______ needs repairing. A. It B. Which C. which D. that 12.(1)She married the man______ loved very much. (2)She married the man _______ she loved very much. A. she B. whom C .which D. to whom 13.(1)Finally they arrived at the house, _______top was well above the tops of the others. (2)Finally they arrived at the house, _______top well above the tops of the others. A .whose B. its C. which D .that 14.(1)We'll meet at the same place________ we met last time. (2)We'll remember our first class________ Mr White taught us and we never forget it.