一与介词搭配
1.动词+介词
account for 说明;证明
act/serve/work as 担任;充当
act for 代理
act on 奉行/影响/裁决/作用于…
add to 增加;扩大
agree on 对…取得一致意见
agree to 答应/接受…
agree with 与…一致;同意/适应于…
aim at 瞄准/想要…
aim for 以…为目的
allow of 有…的可能
answer for 担保/清算…;对…负责
arrive at/in 到达
ask for 请求要/访问…
attend on/upon 伺候
attend to 参加/照料/注意/处理…
begin/start as 起初是…
begin on 着手进行…
begin with 从/以…开始
believe in 信任/信赖/信仰
belong in/on/under 在…中/上面/下面有适当位置belong to 属于…
break/burst into 闯入;突发
break through 冲破
call at 短暂访问/停靠(某地)
call for 要求/需要…
call on 看望;号召(某人)
care about 对…关心/感兴趣
care for 对…关心/喜欢/尊重/想要;照料
catch at 去接/抓…
change for 转车去…处;与(某物)交换
change/turn into 变成(=become)
come across 走过…来;偶然碰到/找到
come at 达到/了解/攻击…
come from 来自/出身于…
come into 进入;开始;得到;继承
come to (oneself) 苏醒(=come back to life) come upon 偶然碰到/攻袭/发生/出现于
concern about 关心…
connect with 连系/衔接…
consist of 由…组成
count on 信赖/指望…
date from 始于…
deal in 经营/从事…
deal with 涉及/处理/应付…;与…打交道/做生意depend on 依赖/依靠…
die for 为…而死;渴望
die from/of 死于…
dive for 冲向…
dive into 潜入(水中)
declare against/for 声明反对/赞成…
do for 适用于/替代/毁掉…
do with 容忍/需要…;与…相处
dream of 梦到/向往/策划…
drop by 便中访问…
engage in 从事/参加……
feed on 以…为(主)食/维持生活
feel like 如同/想要…
finish with 完成;与…绝交
fit into适合于…
fly at 扑向…
fly into 突然爆发
fool with 胡弄;玩弄
gasp at 因…倒抽一口冷气
get into 进入
get off 从(车、船等)下来
get on 上(车、船等)
glare at 怒目注视
go over 复习/过一遍…
go through 通过
hear from 收到…的信
hear of/about 听说;因…受责备
insist on 坚持要/坚决主张…
join in 加入/一起(做…事)
jump at/on 跃/扑向…;欣然接受…;匆匆作出(结论) jump into 跳入/踊跃投入…
keep to 不离开/坚守/遵行…
knock about 漫游…
knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)
knock against 偶然遇到(某人)
knock into 撞到…上
laugh at 嘲笑…;因…而笑
lay for 埋伏等待…
lay into 猛攻/痛击…
lead to/into 通向/导致…
learn about/of 获悉/听说…
learn from 向…学习;从…中吸取教训
leave for 动身去…处
lie in 在于…
listen for 注意想要听到…
listen to 听/倾听…
live by 靠…过活;住在…附近
live on 以…为主食;靠…生活
long for 渴望…
look at 看…
look for 寻找…
look into 朝…里看;浏览/查阅/调查/顺便进入访看…look like 看起来像…
look through 通看/复看/浏览/查看…
look to 注意/照顾/依靠/朝向…
make at 扑向/攻击…
make for 走向/扑向/导致…
manage with 驾驭…;用…来对付过去
manage without 没…而能对付过去
meet with (偶尔)遇到;符合
operate on 给…作手术
pay for 为…付款/受罚
play with 以…玩耍/消遣;和…开玩笑
point to/at 指向/指着…
prepare for 为…作准备
quarrel about (sth.) with (sb.) 为(某事)而与(某人)争吵
refer to 指/谈到/参阅…
rely on 依靠…
result from 由…引起
result in 终至…的结果
run across 穿过/偶然发现…
run after 追捕/追随/伺候…
run at 向…冲去/突袭
run for 匆忙来/去拿…;竞选(公职)
run into 跑进…;与…相撞/相连接;延续到/共计达…
run to 跑向/求助于…;共达/值…;有(做…的)能力;有产生…的倾向
rush at 冲向/猛攻/匆忙处理…
search for 搜寻
see about 照料/探寻/考虑…
see after 照顾/照看…
see to 照料/修理/注意…
seek after/to 寻求
set about 着手/开始/攻击/散布
send for 派人请…
share in 分享
shoot at 朝…射击
shout at 冲…吼叫/叫嚷
shout to 朝…喊
sit for 参加(考试);代表…当议员
stand by 与…站在一起
stand for 代表…
stare at 盯着看…
step on 踩在…上;用力踩…(加油门)
stick to 粘住/坚持…
struggle against 与…斗争
struggle for 为…而斗争
succeed in 在…获得成功
suffer from 受…之苦;患…(病)
speak about/of 谈及
speak against/for 发言反对/为…辩护
talk about/of 谈到…
talk with/to 与…交谈
think about 考虑/想起/回想…
think of 考虑/想起/记得/想出/认为/设想/想要turn against 背叛…
turn towards 朝向/倾向于…
twist around 缠绕/摆布…
urge against 极为反对…
wait for 等待
wait on 伺候
win over 战胜/说服…
wish for 想得到/渴望…
work at 从事/致力于/学习…
work on 从事/忙于/影响/安装好…
work to 根据…行事
work towards 设法达到/获得…
worry about 为…担心
write to 给…写信
2.动词+介词+名词
arrive at(come to) a conclusion 得出结论
come into being/existence 出现/成立/产生come into effect/force 生效
come into operation 开始运行/生效
come into use/service 开始被使用
come into office/power 上任,执政
come into leaf 开始长叶
come into one's own 得到重视;被人认识
come into play 行动起来
come to an end 结束
come to the point 说到要点
come to school 到校
come to a stop 停了下来
go on strike 举行罢工
go to bed 去睡觉
go to the cinema 去电影院/去看电影
go to college 去上dxue
go to the concert 去听音乐会
go to the meeting 去开会
get in sb.'s way 挡了某人的去路
3.动词+介词+名词+介词+…
get in touch/contact with 与…取得联系
get out of touch/contact with 与…脱离联系keep in touch/contact with 与…保持联系look on/upon A as B 把A看作B
think of A as B 把A看作B
put to use of 使用/利用…
4.动词+…+介词+…
add A to B 把A加入B中
ask sb. for sth. 向某人请求要某物
base A on B 把A基于B之上
bring…into prav tice/operation 执行…bring…into effect 使…生效
change A into… 把A变成…
compare A with B 把A与B比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
connect A with B 把A与B联系起来
devote A to B 把A贡献于B
divide A into B 把A分成B份
fill A with B 用B装满A(容器)
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
join sb. in (ding) sth. 与某人一道做某事
keep A out of B 不让A进入B处keep…under control 控制住…
keep…in mind 把…记在心里
know…by heart 记忆
lead A to B 把A带到B处
lead sb. in doing sth. 带领某人作某事learn…by heart 记/背诵…
leave A for B 离开A处动身去B处
leave sth. to/with/for sb. 把某事物留给某人
make oneself at home 不拘束
make A of/from B 用B制成A
make A into B 把A制成B
prevent/stop A (from) doing sth. 阻止A做某事(=keep A from doing sth.)
put A into B 把A输入B
regard A as B 把A看作B
separate A from B 把A从B处分开
take A as B 把A当作B
take A for B 把A错当作B
take sth. for granted 把某事看作理所当然
translate A into B 把A(作品)译成B(语言)
5.动词+名(代)词+介词+…
catch/get/take hold of 抓住…
catch sight of 看到…
devote oneself to 献身于/致力于…
enter (sb.) for (替某人)报名参加…
fix one's eyes on/upon 注视/盯着…
give a lesson to 给…上课
give one's life for 为…牺牲
give (up) oneself/one's life for 为…献身;致力于/沉溺于…
have nothing to do with 与…无关
have trouble/difficulty (in) (doing sth.) (做某事)费力/有困难
have a word with 与…谈谈
have a few words with 与…说几句话
have words with 与…吵嘴/发生口角
have oneself to 随便用/吃…
keep pace with 跟上…
make the best of 充分利用…
make friends with 与…交朋友
make fun of 取笑…
make room for 为…腾出地方
make a sentence with 用…造句
make use of 利用/借用…
pay attention to 注意…
put one's heart into 全神贯注于…
say hello/goodbye/sorry/yes/no to 向…问候/道别/道歉/答应、赞同/拒绝、反对
set fire to 点燃/放火烧…
shake hands with 与…握手
show sb. around 带某人参观…
take care of 负责;照顾/照料;揍、杀
take a message for 给…捎个信儿
take (an active) part in (积极)参加…
take the place of 替代/接替…
take pride in 以…自豪/骄傲(=be proud of)
take the side of 支持…的一方
二与副词搭配
(注:带*号者表示可作"动词+介词"结构用,后接宾语。)
1.动词+副词(不接宾语)
break in* 闯入
come about 发生
come along* (沿…)过来;向前
come back 回来
come down* (沿…)下来
come in* 进(入…)来;到达;流行;就任
come up* (沿…)过来;上前,长出,被提出,发生
cut in 插嘴
die away 衰减;昏厥
die down 变弱,渐息;停止
die out 死尽/绝
drop down* (沿…)下行;落
fall back 返回,撤退,食言
fall/lay behind 落后
get off/on* 下/上车
get here/there/home 到达这里/那里/家里get together 相聚
give in 屈服,让步
go by* 经过(…);过去
go down* (沿…)走去;下去,下沉
go home 回家
go out 出去,熄灭,罢工,下台
grow up 成长,长大
hurry up 赶快
lie down 躺着/下,屈服
pass by* 经过(…);过去
pass through* 穿过(…);经历…
rise up 起义,起来(反抗)
roll over* (沿…)翻滚
rot away 烂掉
run away 逃跑
sit out 坐在外边;不参与
stand by* 站在(…)旁边
stand down 离开,退出
turn around 转身/反转/倒转
2.动词+副词(带宾语)
bring about 导致/产生…
build up 逐步建立/增强/激励…
call off 叫走/取消/读出
call up 打电话给/召集/叫醒…
carry out 开展/执行/完成…
cut down 砍倒/缩减…
cut out 去掉/计划…
do up 修缮/收拾/梳理/使完蛋
eat up 吃光/毁坏/全盘接受…
find out 弄清/查出;使…受惩罚
gain on/upon 赶上/巴结上/侵蚀…
hand in 呈交
hand on (to) 传递…(给)
hand out 分发,取出
knock out 击(昏)倒,去掉,使震惊,粗率做成
lay aside 旁置/积蓄/取掉…
lay down 放下/交出/制作…
leave behind 遗留/超过…
let in 放进/嵌入/弄窄…
make out 写出/认出/想出/计划/论证…
pay back 付还/回报/报复…
pick out 选出/辨别/衬托…
point out 指出/指明…
pull down 拉下/拆除/打到/得到/削弱…push aside 避免/排开/排除…
put away 收存/放弃/杀死/埋…
put off 推迟/除去/关掉/放下…
put on 放上/穿戴/假装/扮演/增加
put up 举起/张贴/建起/举行/提高…/使…往下
see off 给…送行,赶走…
send out 分发/发出/长出/派出…
send up 送上/发射/毁坏/判刑
set about 着手/试图/攻击/散布
show out/in 把…领进/领出
smooth away 克服/清除…
take away 拿走/消除/减损…
take back 拿回/收回/使记起
take down 取下/写下/拆掉/压下…
think over 仔细考虑…
throw away 扔掉/乱花/轻轻带过…
try on 试穿/耍弄…
use out 用完/用坏…
use up 用完/耗尽…
wipe away 擦掉/消除…
wipe out 擦净/消除/消灭…
3.动词+副词(可带宾语也可不带宾语)
act out 把…付诸行动;表演(…)
answer back 反驳;顶/回(…)嘴
break down 拆开/压倒/摧毁…;坏掉;停下
blow away 驱散…;(被)吹走
blow out 吹出…;被吹出/吹熄;爆掉
break off 折断/中断…;停止
break out 敲碎取出/说出…;爆发,发生,逃走bring up 取出/培养…;停下
burn up 烧光/烧尽…;烧起来
call up 召唤…;大声呼喊
carry on 继续/执行…;发怒;胡闹
cut off 砍掉/切断…;跑掉
cut up 伤害/攻击…;(可被)切碎
draw out 拉出/取出…;充分发挥
draw up 提起/起草…;停住
drive off 赶走…;驶离
drop in 把…投进去;便中访问;坍塌下
dry up (使…)干透;住口
end up 结束(…)
fight back 抵抗/忍住…
fill in 填满…;顶替,淤塞
fill out 填好/胀满…;便胖,鼓起
fit in 嵌入…;相适合
get away 移走…;出发/开始/逃走
get back 取回…;回来
get on* 登上/穿上/安上…;(使…)进展/继续get out 取出…;出来
get through* 通过/完成/接通…;辞职
get up (使…)起床/登上…,搬上
give out 分发…;被耗尽/垮掉
go on 继续(…);穿得上
go over 检查/重温…;横过/变换/被接受
help out 帮助…脱出困境;协助/帮忙
hold back 阻止…;退缩
hold up 举起/停止…;不屈服
join up 连接…;参军
jump off 跳离(…)
keep back 阻止/隐瞒…;不上前
keep off 挡开;(使…)离开
keep out 保留…;不让…进入;不介入
kick off 踢掉…;开球
knock down 击倒/拆掉/降低…;平静下来
leave off 停止(…)
leave out 略去/漏掉;留在外面,离开,工作日结束let out 放出/泄漏…;散场
line up 把…排成队,弄倒,排成队
look in 朝(…)里看;访问,看电视
look up 查阅/寻找…;向上看,振作,上涨
make up 编造/组成/弥补…;聚拢,和好
move in 把…搬进;占据某处
move on 升迁/推出…;出发,继续/向前移动
move up 提升…;上升,向前移动
pay off 还清…;获利/损失
pick up 捡起…;好转
pull on 穿戴…;继续划船
push on 促进…;前进
put down 放下/写下/镇压…;(使)降落
put out 拿出/熄灭…;出航
sell out/up 售完(…);背叛
set in 嵌入…;降临
set off 发射/衬托…;出发
set out 开始/安排…;出发.动身
settle down 使…平静;定居,停落,成家
sit down (使)坐下
sit out 不参加…;坐到(…)结束;坐在户外
sit up (使)坐端,熬夜
shut off 隔离…;中断(…)
shut up 关;住口;禁闭
smooth down (使)平整/平静下来
speak out 讲出(…)
stand up (使)站起,经得起
take in 收进/收紧/理解;开学
take off 取下/脱去…;起飞
take on 呈现/接纳…;激动,流行
take out 取出/除去/抵偿;出发
take up 拿起/开始/占用/接纳/责备;开学,缩小throw off 扔掉/脱掉/放出…;开始,出发
turn about* 反复思考…;回转;以…为中心turn around 转身,倒转
turn back 阻挡;返回
turn on/off 开/关
turn out 产生/结果是/关掉…;出来,外翻
turn over 翻转/移交/仔细考虑…;发动,欲吐turn up 翻起/找到…;出现,发生
wake up (使…)醒来
warm up (给…)加热;暖和起来
wash away 冲掉…;不断地洗
wash up 洗(去)…;把…冲上岸;结束
wear out 使…精疲力尽;(被)穿坏
wipe off* (被)擦去
work on* 忙于/作用于/安装…;继续工作
work out 计算出/制订…,解决
write down 写下…;降低(…)
4.动词+副词+介词+…
add up to 总计达/意味着…
answer up to 对…作出反应
beat down on 火辣辣地照晒
break away from 从…脱离;打破…
bow down to 顺从/屈服于/崇拜…
catch up with 赶上…
come up to 到…跟前,达到/符合…
come up with 赶上/胜过,提供…
date back to 始于/追溯到…
do away with 废除/杀掉…
do well in 在…方面干/学得好
drop in on 顺便看望(某人)
drop in at 顺便去(某处)看看
face up to 正视/勇敢面对…
fall back on 撤退到/重提…;求助于…
fall behind with 拖欠…
fall down on 不能完成…
fall in upon 偶然遇到/顺便访问…
fall in with 偶遇/同意/符合…
fit in with 适应/符合…
finish up with 以…结束
get along/on with 进行/进展…;与…相处
get away from 从…逃离
get away with 假造/偷走/耗掉…;做…而逃脱应受的责罚get back to 回到/继续…
get down to 认真着手进行…
get out of 逃出/越出/摆脱…;从…下来/出来
get rid of 除掉/去掉…
get through with 完成/熬过…
get up to 赶上/达到/乱整…
go in for 爱好/从事/习惯于…
go on with 继续…;用…暂时应付
go out for 尽力争取…
go through with 把…完成/坚持到底
hold on to 紧紧抓住/克制…
hold up with 跟上…
hold up on 推迟/拖延…
keep in with 与…搞好关系
keep up with跟上/熟悉…;与…保持接触
lead on/up to 通向/导致/引入/表明…
listen in to 收听…
look down on/upon 轻视/看不起…
look forward to 盼望/预期…
look out for 照料/提防/搜寻…
look up to 尊敬/赞美…
make up for 弥补…
match up to 比得上/对付得了…
move in to 移近/控制/占有…
pull in with 与…一致行动
put up with 忍受/容忍…
run down to 延伸到…
run out of 从…出来;用完…
run over with 充满…
send away for 函索…
sit down under 忍受…
sit in on 被请/列席参加…
stand out for 坚决要求…
stand up to 抗拒/经得起…
stop away from 不在/不出席
take away from 减损/贬低…
take off from 从…分开/岔开/取下
take up for 支持/维护
take up with 赞同/结交/开始专心于…
try out for 参加为…的选拔/竞争
wake up to 意识到…
walk away from 轻易击败…;从…中安然脱身warm up to 对…热心起来
work hard at 努力学校/干…
work in with 与…协调一致
work round/around to 逐步处理/移向…work up to 逐步发展到…
write back to 给…回信
三与名词搭配
1.动词+名词
beg sb.'s pardon 请某人谅解/再说一遍
break the law 违反法律
catch a cold 伤风/感冒
catch fire 着火
do/try one's best 尽最大努力
do a good deed 做好事
do some cleaning/cooking/running/shopping/washing… 搞清洁/做饭菜/跑跑步/买东西/洗衣服…
do good/harm (to sb.) 对某人有益/有害
do one's hormwork 做家庭作业
do one's lessons 做功课
do wrong 做错事/干坏事
draw a conclusion 得出结论
enjoy oneself 玩/过得快活(=have a good time)
give a concert 举行音乐会
give a report/talk 作报告/演讲
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早/午/晚饭
have a headache 头痛
have a lesson 上课
have/take a (last) look 看(最后)一眼
have a match 举行比赛
have some medicine 服药
have a meeting 开会
have/take a rest/break 休息一会
have/take a seat 请坐
have sports 进行体育活动
have a swim 游一次泳
have a test 进行测验/考察
join the army 参军
join the Legue/Party 入团/入党
keep (a) watch 守望/放哨
keep one's word 信守诺言
lead/live a…life 过着…的生活
lose one's life 丧生
lose one's way 迷路
make an apology (to sb./for sth.) (向某人/为某事)道歉make a face/faces 做怪相
make up one's mind 下决心
make a mistake 犯错误
make a noise 吵闹
make progross (in) (在…)取得进步
make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言
make repairs 修理/修补
make one's way 前行
place/give an order (for sth./with sb.) (向某人)订购(某物)
take a picture/photo 照张相
take one's place/seat 就座/就职
take sb.'s/sth.'s place 代替某人/某物(=take the place of sb./sth.)
take place 发生/出现
take sb.'s temperature 量某人的体温
take one's turn 依次/轮流
2.动词+名词+(其他)
drive sb. mad 使人发狂
do sb. good/harm/wrong(s) 有益于/危害/冤屈、迫害某人(=do good/harm/wrong(s) to sb.)
do sb. a favour/favours 帮某人的忙(=do a favour/favours for sb.)
give sb. some advice 给某人提出忠告
give sb. a lesson 给某人授一堂课(=give a lesson to sb.)
have sth. done (找人)把事做了;某物被…
have sb./sth. doing sth. 让/任/允许/使某人/某物做某事
have sb. do sth. 要某人做某事(=get sb. to do sth.)
persuade sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
set sb. free 释放某人
show sb. sth. 给某人看某物(=show sth. to sb.)
take it easy 别紧张;慢慢来
teach sb. a lesson 教训某人一顿
tear sth. open 把某物撕开
leave sb./sth.+adj./done/doing sth. 让某人/某物(处于某种状态)
四其他
be able to (do) 能(做…)
be about to (do sth.) 即将(做某事)
be afraid to (do sth.) 不敢去(做某事)
be determined to (do) 决心(做…)
be eager to (do) 渴望/热切地要(做…)
be going to (do) 打算/将要(做…)
be likely to (do) 可能(做…)
be meant to (do sth.) 必须/应该/意思是(做某事)
be ready to (do) 准备好/乐意(做…)
be said/reported to (do) 据说/据报道(做…)
be supposed to (do) 应该/估计要(做…)
be suer to (do) 务必/肯定要(做…)
be fit/unfit to (do) 适于/不适于(做…)
be/get/become used to (doing sth.) 习惯于(做某事)
used to (do) 过去常常(做…)
be willing to (do sth.) 愿意(做某事)
高中英语常用短语及句型归纳 1．高考高频动词短语 （1）act短语： act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病 例如： I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen. Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break短语： break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入break into …闯入……，破门而入 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later. The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off. If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off. She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring短语： bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 （比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进 bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施） bring up 抚养，培养，哺育 例如： A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.
put forward 1．propose or suggest提出 *The students put forward new proposals on the running of the college to the College Education Committee．学生们向学院教育委员会提出了管理学院的建议。 *I have put your name forward as the best for the job．我已提议你为这项工作的最佳人选。 2．move the hands of（a clock or watch）to a later time往前拨（钟表） *My watch was slow so I put it forward three minutes．我的表慢了，因此往前拨了3分钟。 3．move an event，appointment，etc．to an earlier time or date把…提前 *We had to put our holiday forward one month．我们不得不把我们的假期提前一个月。 *The warm weather has put the crops forward by a month．暖和的天气使庄稼早熟了一个月。 put forward 同义词: arouse assert bring up call down call forth conjure conjure up evoke invoke nominate posit put up raise state stick stir submit report back (1) 带回…的报告 (2) (采访等) 归来之后写[成…] (3) 调查后报告 refer to 1．make reference of allusion to；mention谈到；提到 *It was unwise in your speech to refer to rising unemployment．你在讲话中谈到失业率上升的情况，这是不明智的。 *The veteran fighter referred to his experiences during the Long March．那位战士提到他在长征中的经历。2．look at sth．for information查阅 *If you don't know what it means，refer to the dictionary．如果你不知道它的意思，可以查字典。 *In drawing up the plan，they went to the library to refer to many books．在制订计划时，他们到图书馆查阅了许多书籍。 3．concern；relate or apply to涉及；关于；有关 *The new law does not refer to the land used for farming．这项新法律不涉及农业用地。 *I have examined all the documents referring to the matter．我翻阅了所有关于此事的文件。 *What I have to say refers to all of you．我要讲的话与你们大家都有关。 4．send to sb．for decision or action提交…处理 *The shop referred the complaint to the maker of the article．那家商店将投诉意见转给了制造商。 *We referred the matter to the Finance Committee．我们把这事提交财务委员会处理。
时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通 过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every..., sometimes, at..., on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
常用动词短语搭配1.动词+about speak/talk about谈论think about思考 care about关心,对...有兴趣bring about引起,使发生set about 着手,开始come about发生 hear about听说 worry about为...担心 2.动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away吹走 carry away拿走,使入迷clear away清除掉,消散die away逐渐消失 pass away 去世 wash away冲走 take away拿走 put away收拾起来,存起来give away背弃,泄露wear away磨掉,消耗break away摆脱 send away让走开 turn away把...打发走 3.动词+back keep back隐瞒,忍住hold back控制住 call back回电话 look back回顾 give back归还 take back拿回,收回 4.动词+for run for竞选 ask for要求得到 wait for等候 long for渴望 care for关心,喜欢search for查找 call for要求,需要change for用...换apply for申请 seek for寻找 stand for代表,表示 hope/wish for希望得到 beg for乞求 look for寻找 hunt for寻找 charge for收费,要价 take for误以为...是 come for来拿,来取 5.动词+down burn down 烧毁 take down记下,记录 cut down削减,砍倒 pass down 传下来 calm down平静下来 settle down 安家 tear down 拆毁,拆除 break down坏了,垮了,分解 turn down调小,拒绝 slow down慢下来 put down记下,写下,镇压 bring down使...降低,使倒下 come down下落,传下 6.动词+at come at 向...袭击 run at冲向,向...攻击 tear at用力撕 stare at凝视 glance at匆匆一瞥 knock at敲门,窗等 smile at冲某人笑 aim at向...瞄准 wonder at惊讶 shout at冲某人嚷嚷 work at干...活动研究 look at看,注视 glare at怒视 laugh at嘲笑 point at指向 strike at向...打击 shoot at向...射击 call at拜访地点 7.动词+from differ from与...不同 suffer from受...苦 hear from收到...来信 die from因...而死 keep/stop/prevent from 不让...做 learn from向...学习 date from始于...时候 result from由于 separate from把...分离开 8.动词+of think of想到 consist of由...组成 approve of赞成 talk of谈到 complain of抱怨 dream of梦到 speak of 读到 die of死于 hear of听说 become of发生...情况,怎么 啦 9.动词+off start off出发 set off出发 leave off''中断 show off炫耀 get off下车 see off送行 put off延期,推迟 cut off切断,断绝 keep off避开,勿走近 knock off把...撞落 pay off还清 get off脱下衣服等 trun/switch off关掉 take off脱下,起飞 ring off挂断电话 come off脱掉,褪色 fall off跌落,掉下
常用英语动词短语 1. 动词 +about speak/talk about谈论 think about思考 care about 关心 , 对... 有兴趣bring about 引起 ,使发生 set about 着手 , 开始 come about 发生 hear about听说 worry about为...担心 2. 动词 +away throw away扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走 , 使入迷clear away 清除掉 , 消散 die away 逐渐消失 pass away 去世 wash away 冲走 take away 拿走 put away 收拾起来 , 存起来give away 背弃 , 泄露 wear away 磨掉 , 消耗 break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把 ... 打发走 3. 动词 +back keep back 隐瞒 ,忍住 hold back 控制住 call back 回电话 look back 回顾 give back 归还 take back 拿回 , 收回 4. 动词 +for run for竞选 ask for 要求得到 wait for等候 long for 渴望 care for 关心 , 喜欢 search for 查找 call for要求,需要 change for 用... 换 apply for申请 seek for 寻找 完美 .格式 .编辑 stand for 代表 , 表示 hope/wish for希望得到 beg for 乞求 look for 寻找 hunt for寻找 charge for收费,要价 take for误以为...是 come for 来拿 , 来取 5. 动词 +down burn down烧毁 take down记下,记录 cut down 削减 , 砍倒 pass down 传下来 calm down 平静下来 settle down安家 tear down拆毁,拆除 break down 坏了 , 垮了 ,分解turn down调小,拒绝 slow down 慢下来 put down 记下 , 写下 ,镇压bring down 使... 降低 , 使倒下come down 下落 , 传下 6. 动词 +at come at向...袭击 run at 冲向 , 向... 攻击 tear at用力撕 stare at 凝视 glance at 匆匆一瞥 knock at 敲门 , 窗等 smile at 冲某人笑 aim at 向 ... 瞄准 wonder at 惊讶 shout at 冲某人嚷嚷 work at 干... 活动研究 look at 看, 注视 glare at 怒视 laugh at 嘲笑 point at指向 strike at向...打击 shoot at 向 ... 射击 call at 拜访地点 7. 动词 +from differ from与...不同 suffer from受...苦
表格式一般现在时态和语态 2. Jenny (has) a good friend? 3. Brian （not live) in China. 4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing. 5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park. 6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday. 7.He （help）the old man every week . 8.The old man （help）by him every week. 9.The building (visit) by many people every year.
一一般现在时 （一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作， 句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. （二）标志词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…), once /twice a week, on Sundays, （三）谓语动词构成： 1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”） 2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候： （1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形 （2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es． （温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句） （四）.基本结构： 1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的） He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. （主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s） Tom and Tim both have medium height. He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much. 2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance . He isn’t a worker. 3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t. Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher? 4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from? （五) 一般现在时态用法 （1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用： eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning. （2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。 eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理 eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. （4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 （六）一般现在时态的考点：
江苏高考备考英语动词短语大全 （1）act短语 act as 担任…职务，起…作用 act for 代理（职务），代为（处理） act out 表演（对话、情节等） act up 捣乱，出问题 （2）believe短语 believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张 believe one's ears 相信所听到的话 make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.） seeing is believing 眼见为实 （3）break短语 break away 摆脱，脱离 break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……、打破 break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服 break into …闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚 break open 破开，撬开 break short 中断，折断 break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule（law）违反规定 break one’s promise 失言 break through 突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去 break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束 （4）blow短语 blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走 blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭 blow out吹灭，走气 blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气 give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击 （5）bring短语 bring about 引起，导致，使发生，促使 bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 bring forth开（花）,结（果），发表，宣布，提出 bring forward 提出 bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring into action 使行动起来，使生效 bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，实行 bring into operation 使运转，将...投入bring into (full) play 发挥，调动，利用 bring sb.into touch with...接触，触摸 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进，提出（论点） bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring off 完成，救出，使成功，搬走 bring to 使……苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施…… bring to light 出现，公布，暴露 bring to mind 使想起，回忆起 bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，使停止 （6）build短语 build ... into 把...建设成，把...装入 build on / upon 建立在...上，依赖，指望 build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴 build up to 增加 （7）以burst为中心的词组 burst forth 爆发，喷出，忽然出现 burst in 闯进，突然出现 burst into 闯进，突然...起来，突然发出 burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 burst out 迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊 burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 （8）call短语 call away 叫走，把（注意力）转移开 call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地），停泊在 call back 回电话 call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人，迎，取 call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话，引入 call off 取消，下令停止 call on / upon 号召 call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人） call out 大声呼喊，叫喊，唤起 call sb…for short 简称某人…… call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召，召集 call to mind 使想起，回忆起 pay a call at sp. 访问（某地） pay a call on sb. 拜访（某人） （9）catch短语 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch /take fire 着火 catch on 挂住，明白，理解，受欢迎 catch one’s word 听懂话 catch out 发觉，抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 （10）carry短语
高中阶段最为活跃的同源动词短语 独自一人在黑暗中走，那个男孩吹口哨给自己打气。
二、同源介词、副词动词短语 不同的动词可以和同一介词或副词构成短语来表达不同的含义，高考非常重视对这样的短语进行考查，考查的重点是以热点介词和副词为来源的动词短语。 我很高兴你亲自来这里处理这个问题。 三、词形相似的动词短语 一些动词短语词形相像，让人眼花缭乱，难以区分。高考试题经常对此设题考查考生的鉴别能力。解题时应仔细辨认，不能急于求成。
多词动词短语多由三个单词构成，因词数多、构词巧而备受高考命题者的重视。常见的多词动词短语有： 1．词形相近的动词之间辨义。如lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, arise, raise; sit, seat等。 (1)rise, arise 和raise rise 升起，是不及物动词，其过去式是rose, 过去分词是risen; arise (问题等)出现，是不及物动词，其过去式与过去分词是arose, arisen; raise举起，是及物动词，是规则动词。 (2)sit与seat
sit表示“坐”这一动作；seat表示“就座”时要用be seated 或seat oneself。 2．意义相近的动词之间辨义。如borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。 3．动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。 4．意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的意义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover等。
常用英语动词短语●1动词+about speak/talk about谈论 think about思考care about关心,对...有兴趣 bring about引起,使发生 set about 着手,开始 come about发生 hear about听说 worry about为...担心 2动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away吹走 carry away拿走,使入迷 clear away清除掉,消散die away 逐渐消失 pass away 去世wash away冲走 take away拿走put away收拾起来,存起来give away背弃,泄露wear away磨掉,消耗break away 摆脱send away让走开turn away把...打发走 3动词+back keep back隐瞒,忍住hold back控制住call back回电话 look back回顾give back归还 take back拿回,收回 4.动词+for run for竞选 ask for要求得到wait for等候long for渴望care for关心,喜欢search for查找call for要求,需要change for用...换apply for申请seek for寻找stand for代表,表示hope/wish for希望得到 beg for乞求look for寻找 hunt for寻找charge for收费,要价take for误以为...是come for来拿,来取 5.动词+down burn down 烧毁 take down记下,记录cut down削减,砍倒pass down 传下来calm down平静下来settle down 安家tear down 拆毁,拆除break down 坏了,垮了,分解turn down调小,拒绝slow down慢下来 put down记下,写下,镇压bring down使...降低,使倒下come down 下落,传下 6.动词+at come at 向...袭击 run at冲向,向...攻击tear at用力撕stare at凝视glance at匆匆一瞥knock at敲门,窗等smile at冲某人笑aim at向...瞄准wonder at 惊讶 shout at冲某人嚷嚷 work at干...活动研究look at看,注视glare at怒视laugh at嘲笑point at指向strike at向...打击shoot at向...射击call at拜访地点 7.动词+from differ from与...不同suffer from受...苦hear from收到...来信die from 因...而死 keep/stop/prevent from不让...做 learn from向...学习date from始于...时候result from由于 separate from把...分离开 8.动词+of think of想到 consist of由...组成approve of赞成talk of谈到complain of抱怨dream of梦到speak of 读到 die of死于hear of听说 become of发生...情况,怎么啦 9.动词+off Start off出发set off出发leave off''中断show off炫耀 get off下车see off送行 put off延期,推迟cut off切断,断绝 keep off避开,勿走近knock off把...撞落
高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时 刻表）等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past；over the past; during the last等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时，从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
江苏高考英语动词短语汇总
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2016江苏高考备考英语动词短语大全2015-12-15 （1）act短语 act as 担任…职务，起…作用 act for 代理（职务），代为（处理） act out 表演（对话、情节等） act up 捣乱，出问题 （2）believe短语 believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张 believe one's ears 相信所听到的话 make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.） seeing is believing 眼见为实 （3）break短语 break away 摆脱，脱离 break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……、打破 break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服 break into …闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚 break open 破开，撬开 break short 中断，折断 break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule（law）违反规定 break one’s promise 失言 break through 突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去 break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束 （4）blow短语 blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走 blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭 blow out吹灭，走气 blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气 give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击 （5）bring短语 bring about 引起，导致，使发生，促使 bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 bring forth开（花）,结（果），发表，宣布，提出 bring forward 提出 bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring into action 使行动起来，使生效 bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，实行 bring into operation 使运转，将...投入bring into (full) play 发挥，调动，利用 bring sb.into touch with...接触，触摸 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进，提出（论点） bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring off 完成，救出，使成功，搬走 bring to 使……苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施…… bring to light 出现，公布，暴露 bring to mind 使想起，回忆起 bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，使停止 （6）build短语 build ... into 把...建设成，把...装入 build on / upon 建立在...上，依赖，指望 build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴 build up to 增加 （7）以burst为中心的词组 burst forth 爆发，喷出，忽然出现 burst in 闯进，突然出现 burst into 闯进，突然...起来，突然发出 burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 burst out 迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊 burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 （8）call短语 call away 叫走，把（注意力）转移开 call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地），停泊在 call back 回电话 call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人，迎，取 call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话，引入 call off 取消，下令停止 call on / upon 号召 call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人） call out 大声呼喊，叫喊，唤起 call sb…for short 简称某人…… call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召，召集 call to mind 使想起，回忆起 pay a call at sp. 访问（某地） pay a call on sb. 拜访（某人） （9）catch短语 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch /take fire 着火 catch on 挂住，明白，理解，受欢迎 catch one’s word 听懂话 catch out 发觉，抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 （10）carry短语
重点中学高考资源整理 高中英语（全册）动词短语考点汇总 全册A-Z顺序整理，附例句
（1）act短语： act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处 理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病 例如： I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen. Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break短语： break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into …闯入……，破门而入 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later. The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off. If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off. She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring短语： bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 （比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格 下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进 bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring / carry sth to / into effect实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始