第三章冠词和数词
冠词是一种辅助性的词，不可在句中独立担任一个成分。放在名词前，帮助说明名词的含义，使用极为频繁。冠词有不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）两种。a和an的基本含义是“一，一个”，表示泛指，不强调数目，只表示名词不是特定的；the的基本含义是“这个，那个”，表示特指，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。冠词本身是虚词，没有意义，同时也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义
数词可分为基数词（Cardinal Numbers）和序数词（Ordinal Numbers）两种。前者表示数量，后者表示顺序。
高考重点要求：
一、冠词
1、不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的基本用法
2、不定冠词和定冠词的位置
3、冠词常见的习惯搭配用法
二、数词
1、掌握基数词、序数词构成
2、掌握基数词、序数词的基本用法
3、基数词、序数词在表示倍数、百分数、年、月、日等的基本用法第一节知识点概述
一、冠词
（一）不定冠词
不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音决定。以元音开头的词前
用an，以辅音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）开头的词前用a。例如：辅音字母或半元音开头：a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man
元音或半元音开头：an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera
值得注意的是：
1．如果不定冠词后面第一个词以辅音音素开头就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform; 以元音音素开头用an .例如:an uncle , an apple 。
2．如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头，而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素，就用an。例如hour, honest。
3．如果不定冠词和名词之间有其他词，不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如a rich uncle , a beautiful actress。
不定冠词的用法如下：
1．用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物，如：
A dictionary is a useful book.
An underground train can start and stop quickly.
2．说明某人或某东西属于哪一类，如：
This is a book.
He used to be an engineer.
3．泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人、何物，如：
A boy is waiting for me.
Give me a pen, please.
4．表示数量，有“一”的意思，如：
Behind the house there is a garden.
once a week.
a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in
a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of,
have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson
（二）定冠词
定冠词的用法如下：
1．指彼此都知道的人或事物，如：
Open the door, please.
Go and close the window.
2．特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如：
The girl in red is my sister.
The man over there is our English teacher.
The book on the desk is mine.
3．指前面提到过的人或事物，如：
Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.
4．用在序数词和形容词最高级前,以及在方位词前。如：
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
He won the first prize.
The sun rises in the east.
5．用在某些名词化的形容词或过去分词前，表示一类人或事物，如： the rich, the sick, the new , the false, the wounded
the Great Wall
the Pe ople’s Republic of China
the United Nations
the Netherlands
7．在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面，如：
the North China Plain
the Rocky Mountains
the Yangtse River
8．在一些用语中，如：
in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all the year around, the other day, at the same time
（三）不用冠词的情况
1．在不含普通名词或某些专有名词如表示人名,地名，机构等
China, Beihai Park
2．名词前面已有用作定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词前，如：
The letter is from my father.
I have a book in my hand.
3．在复数名词表示一类人或事物时，如：
Horses are useful animals.
I like cakes.
4．在节日名称、星期、月份、季节前。如：
Today is Sunday.
Spring is the best season in the year.
Children’s Day
5．在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中，如：
go to school , be in hospital, be in prison
6．一天三餐，球类运动的名称前，如:
I like to play basketball.
We have lunch at school.
二、数词
（一）数词的词形
（1）在1-12中，1-12为基数词中的数词；序数词1-3为特殊变化，序数词4-12在基数词词尾加-th。[注意 fifth (第五)；ninth (第九)和 twelfth (第十二)的特殊拼写]。
（2）在13-19中，13-19基数词在数词3-9后加-teen构成。其中13 和15 发生拼写变化：thirteen 和 fifteen ，相应序数词在基数词后加-th构成。13-19岁的少年用teens (in one’s teens在某人十多岁时)。
（3）在20-90整十位数，在基数词2-9之后加-ty构成。其中20、30、40、50拼法特殊。在构成相应的序数词时，将词尾y变i，再加-eth。表示二十多岁等用twenty 等的复数twenties (in one’s twenties 在某人二十多岁时)。
（4）两位数之间的数，由十位数加个位数构成，中间用连字符。构成序数词时，连字符前为基数词，后为序数词。如：二十五 twenty-five; 第九十九 ninety-ninth.
（5）100以上数词,整百位数由1-9加 hundred构成，序数词在词
尾加-th；整千位数由1-9加thousand构成，序数词在词尾加-th。在百位和个位之间须加and,如：141 one hundred and forty-one；1201 one thousand two hundred and one ，构成序数词只将最后一个数变成序数词。
（二）使用基数词的情况
（1）念数 (o 念作 /o /或 zero)
（2）电话号码（62083338）
（3）事物表示编号顺序 (名词在前，如：Room 303; World War Two) （4）货币 (100 dollars)
（5）度量 (50 kilos)
（6）小数 (2.5 meters)
（三）使用序数词的情况
（1）第几
（2）月份后的号 (August 5th)
（3）事物表示顺序 (名词在后，如：the fiftieth page; the Second World War)
（四）分数、小数、百分比、倍数、四则运算的表示方法
倍数(1)倍数+as+形(副)原
级+as
(2)倍数+形(副)比较
级+than
(3)倍数+ the
size(length ,
height , width ,
etc .)+ of (表示
大小或数量的名
词)
This room is three times as large as that
one .
This room is two times larger than that
one.
This room is three times the size of that
one .
注意：上述三个结构的意义是相同的。
汉译表达：
这间房是那间房的三倍大。
加、减、乘、除四则运算用基数词表示
加号用plus / and
减号用minus
乘号用times
除号用divided by
9+8=17，读作 Nine plus (and) eight is
seventeen.
11-5=6 ，读作 Eleven minus five is six.
6×5=30，读作 Six times five is thirty.
35÷7=5，读作 Thirty-five divided by
seven is five.
第二节实战演练
一、复习时需注意的要点
1、如两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西。
例如：My grandpa raises a black and a white dog. 我爷爷养了一只黑狗和一只白狗。
The black and the white dogs are his. 这只黑狗和白狗都是他的。
2、如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物。
例如：My grandpa raises a black and white dog. 他养了一只黑白
花狗。
3、several 或基数词修饰 hundred, thousand, million 表示计数时,一般不用复数形式.
例如:several hundred students watched the match.
4、dozens of, scores of, hundreds of, millions of, tens of thousands of, hundreds of thousands of, tens of millions of等结构可用来表示不确定的数量.
例如：Hundreds of thousands of people are going to watch the fireworks in the Central Park.
She bought dozens of eggs last week.
二、历届高考试题分析
例1、I earn 10 dollars_________ hour as _________ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
A. a...an
B. the...a
C. an...a
D. an...the
答案为C。
【解析】 hour以元音开头，前面加不定冠词an，an hour“每小时”；a表示“一个”，放在supermarket cashier前面表示类指，说明属哪类人。译文：星期六我作为超市出纳员每小时挣10美元。a/an的用法规则：以元音音素开头的单词前用an，以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。
例2、One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain________ good knowledge of basic word formation.
A. /
B. the
C. a
D. one
答案为C。
【解析】 knowledge是不可数名词，当被某些修饰语修饰时，前面要加不定冠词，如：He has a very good knowledge of English.他在英语方面有丰富的知识。
例3、Alexander Graham Bell invented ________telephone in 1876.
A. /
B. a
C. the
D. one
答案为C 。
【解析】 the+可数名词单数表示一类泛指。
例4、The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have ________ third one because _______ second one is rather too small.
A. a…a
B. the…the
C. a…the
D. the…a
答案为C。
【解析】注意序数词前面的冠词的用法：当序数词表示顺序时用定冠词the；表示再来一次使用不定冠词a (an)。从句子的意思可知，third one表示再吃一个，所以填a；second one表示所吃的第二个，所以填the。这句话的意思是：蛋糕很好吃。他想再吃一个，因为他吃的第二个太小了。
例5、A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in ________leg.
A. a
B. one
C. the
D. his
答案为C。
【解析】伤及某人某部位或拍、打、拉某人某部位要用句式
wound/bit/beat/pat/take+sb+介词+the+部分。译文：子弹击中了战士，他的腿受了伤。
例6、________people in the world are sending information by email every day.
A. Several million
B. Many million
C. Several millions
D. Many million
答案为A。
【解析】在million，hundred等前如果有具体数字或several等词时，要用单数形式。many一般不与million等词连用。在表示不确切数目时用复数，例如：表示“数百万”，英语为millions of。译文：每天，世界上有百十万人通过email传递信息。
例7、________ of the land in that district ________covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth...is
B. Two fifth...are
C. Two fifths...is
D. Two fifths...are
答案为C。
【解析】分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词表示。如果分子大于1，序数词后加-s。分数和百分比作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后的名词。句子中的主语land是单数，所以谓语动词要用is covered。
例8、Paper produced every year is ________ the world's production of vehicles.
A. the three times weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier as
答案为B。
【解析】表示倍数的词数放在the weight of前，意思是“……重量的几倍”。
例9、 An accident happened at_________ crossroads a few metres away from_______ bank.
A. a…a
B. /…a
C. /…the
D. the…/
答案为A。
【解析】 at a crossroads表示“在十字路口”，crossroads“十字路口”是复数形式单数用法；bank是可数名词，不能单独使用(要加冠词或复数)，又非特指，不能用the。此处是泛指，前面要用不定冠词a。
例10、Smith _____ me to buy several _____ eggs for the dinner
A、asked…dozen
B、suggested…dozens of
C、had…dozen
D、persuaded…dozens of
答案为A。
【解析】“dozen +复数名词”前除了用具体数词修饰外，还可以用several, many 修饰，如several dozen people, many dozen students 等，dozen 不加s。
第三节巩固练习
Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.
1. It takes us ________ hour or more to go to my hometown by ________ train.
A. an…a
B. a…an
C. an… /
D. a…/
2. They had ___wonderful train ride to Chengdu before they went
on to ___Mount Emei by bus.
A. a…the
B. /… the
C.
a…/ D. the…a
3. For a long time they walked without saying _____ word. Jim was the first to break _____
silence.
A. the...a
B. a...the
C. a.../
D. the.../
4. —By the way, have you got ________ E-mail address?
—Oh, yes, it’s cthsc @ https://www.doczj.com/doc/9016231717.html,.
A. the
B. an
C. a
D. /
5. ______ book on the desk is _______ useful one.
A. The...an
B.A...a
C. The...a
D. The.../
6 My good friend Liqing studies at ______ Middle School.
A. 18
B. the 18
C. 18th
No. D. No.18
7. —What date is it?
—It’s _______.
A. the April thirteenth
B. the thirteenth of April
C. thirteenth April
D. April thirteen
8. His uncle has lived at _______ for ten years.
A. No.103 Xinhua Street
B. 103 Xinhua Street
C. Xinhua Street 103
D. Xinhua Street No.103
9. Please wait here. I’ll be back in _______ hours.
A. two and half a
B. two and a half
C. half and two
D. two a half.
10. When you come here for your holiday next tim e, don’t go to
_____ hotel. I can find you _____ bed in my flat.
A. the...a
B. the.../
C. a...the
D. a.../
11.China is _______ larger than the United States.
A. one six
B. one sixth
C. one
sixes D. a sixths
12.Two ______ died of cold last winter.
A. hundreds old people
B. hundreds old peoples
C. hundred old people
D. hundred old peoples
13. 999 reads nine hundred ______.
A. and ninety ninth
B. and ninety-nine
C. ninety and nine
D. and nine nine
14.Our teacher told us to write a _________ composition.
A. two-thousand-word
B.
two-thousand-words
C. two thousands words
D.
two-thousands-word
15.Henry is ______ tallest in their class.
A. three
B. the three
C. third
D. the third
16. Would you like to try _______ time?
A. two
B. second
C. a two
D. a second
17. When spring comes, _______ trees are planted in our city.
A. millions of
B. a million of
C. two
millions D. million of
18. The number of the girls in our school ______ more than six ______.
A. are...hundreds
B. is...hundred
C.
are...hundred D. is...hundred
19. _______ is a happy time for _______.
A. Chinese New Year…children
B. The Chinese New Year…children
C. Chinese New Year…the children
D. The Chinese New Year…the children
20. In _____ Marx began to learn Russian.
A. a 1870
B. the 1870
C. the 1870’s
D. his 1870
21. Most English people have _____ names: _____ name, a middle name and the family name.
A. three...first
B. three...a first
C. the
three...the first D. the third...one first
22. _____ of the world’s books and newspapers are written in English.
A. Three quarter
B. Three of quarters
C. Third
fourths D. Three fourths
23.Today we’re going to learn the _____ lesson.
A. twenty
B. 20
C.
twentieth D. twentyth
24. —How deep is the hole?
—It is _____.
A. four metre deep
B. four metres deep
C. four-metre deep
D. four-metres-deep
25. _____ books must be produced for the children.
A. Many thousands
B. Many thousands of
C. Many thousand
of D. Many thousand
26.There are _____ days in June and _____ day is Children’s Day.
A. thirteen, first
B. thirty...the second
C. thirty...the first
D. thirteen...the first
27. When you finish reading the book, you will have ____ better understanding of _____life.
A. a...the
B. the...a
C. /...the
D. a.../
28. —I heard that as many as 4,000 people were killed in 9.11 Horror Attack.
—Yes, _____ news came as _____ shock to us.
A. the...the
B. the...a
C. /.../
D. /...a
29. ____ _ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians
and French-speaking Canadians is _____ major concern of the country.
A. The.../
B. The...a
C. An...the
D. An.../
30. I spoke to younger Mr. Hamilton, not Hamilton manager.
A. /…the
B. the…/
C. the…the
D. /…/
31. There's ________ dictionary on ________ desk by your side.
A. a...the
B. a...a
C. the...a
D. the...the
32. —Where is my blue shirt?
—It's in the washing machine. You have to wear
_________different one.
A. any
B. the
C. a
D. other
33. I don't like talking on _______ telephone, I prefer writing _______letters.
A. a...the
B. the.../
C. the...the
D. a.../
34. Mr. Smith, there’s a man at _______ front door who says he has _______news for you of great importance.
A. the…/
B. the...the
C./…/
D./…the
35. Summers in ________south of France are for ________most part dry and sunny.
A. /…a
B. the…/
C. /…/
D. the...the
36. He got hurt in a traffic accident _____ other day. Now he
has been in _______ hospital for a week.
A. the, /
B. the, the
C. /, /
D.
/, the
37. Mark wished for ______ rest after having ______ hard time
at school.
A. a…a
B. the…the
C. a…the
D.
a…/
38. ______school usually begins in ______September , when the
weather is still warm .
A. /…/
B. The …/
C. The…the
D.
A…/
39. We stood at the top of the mountain _____ east of the city,
watching ______ burning sun rising.
A. /…a
B. the…a
C. the…the
D.
/…the
40. —Put ______ waste bag in the dustbin.
—It’s not ______ waste bag. It’s my shopping bag.
A. a… a
B. the…the
C. the…a
D.
a… the
41. His car suddenly got burnt in ______crossroads a few metres
away from ______ grocery.
A. /…the
B. a…a
C. the …a
D.
a …one
42. —What do you think of the director of the film?
—Oh, he is ______ director who is pleasant to work with. It’s ______ pleasure to work with him.
A. the…the
B. a…a
C. a…the
D.
the…/
43. The family was in ______ difficult situation. When her father
was in ______ poor health.
A. a…a
B. a…/
C. the…/
D.
/…/
44. —Wher e’s ______ nearest bookstore?
—There’s one of _______ end of the street.
A. the…an
B. a…the
C. the…the
D.
a…an
45. In China, ______ bicycle is _______ popular means of
transportation.
A. the…a
B. a…/
C. the…the
D.
a…the
46. He said he couldn’t see clearly ______ number of the car
among ______ number of cars.
A. the…the
B. a…a
C. the…a
D.
a…the
47. I assure you that you can have ______ good time in ______
space. It must be your ______ best choice.
A./ …the…the
B. a… /…/
C./…/…the
D.
a…the…/
48. The policeman stood in ______ front of _____ robber and hit
him on ______ nose.
A. the…a…his
B. /…/…his
C. /…the…the
D. the…the…the
49. ______ Christmas for westerners is like ______ Spring
Festival for us Chinese.
A. The…the
B. The…/
C. /…the
D.
/…/
50. Shanghai is ______ most beautiful city and all of us are sure
the 2020 World Expo will be ______ great success.
A. the…a
B. a…a
C. a…the
D. the…the
高考英语中冠词的常考考点解析 高考和冠词 冠词是历年高考的必考知识点,主要出现在单项选择和短文改错题中.虽说只有两类,共三个(不定冠词a,an和定冠词the),但其使用规则很复杂,一直是让考生感到很头痛的一类命题.本文就近年高考试题中的冠词考题和有关考点进行简要分析,以期帮助大家对冠词考点的理解和掌握. 需要说明的是:在近年高考试题中,冠词考题很少考查某一单独考点,一般都是一题两空,涉及两个考点.纵观历年高考试题,冠词考点主要集中在以下内容: 一,考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法 1.……Hav e you seen ______________ pen I left it here this moming. A.a,the B.the,the C.the,a D.a,a 析:答案D.此题考察不定冠词表示泛指的用法.pen和black one在这里都是"泛指",意为本类中非特指的"一个".本题易错选A,主要是没有认识到答话者的问求证是不是一支黑色的,并不是特指某支黑色钢笔. 2.Jumping out of ______________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ______________ exciting experence.(NMET 2002) A./;the B./;an C.an;an D.the;the 析:答案C.此题中airplane为可数名词单数,其前用不定冠词an,表示泛指类别中的一个(是一架飞机而不是别的).experience此处"经历",是可数名词,所以其前要用an,意为"一次令人激动的经历". 3.She is ______________ newcomer to ______________ chemistry but she had already made some important discoveries.(NMET94) A.the,the B.the,/ C.a,/ D.a,the 析:答案 C.此题考查不定冠词泛指某类别中的一员以及学科名词前不加冠词用法."是个新手"要用"a+单数可数名词"做表语来表示类别,排除A,B.学科名称,球类,棋类名词一般不加冠词,选C. 二,考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法 4.Many people are still in ___________ habit of writing silly things in __________ public places.(NMET 93) A.the,the B./,/ C.the,/ D./,the 析:C.此题考查定冠词表示"特指"以及零冠词表示"泛指"用法.Habit后有定语修饰,说明是某种"特指"的习惯,要用定冠词the.此句中复数名词public places表示类别,是泛指,泛指的复数名词前不加the,故public前不加the,又如, People tend to think boys are cleverer than girls . 5.The cakes are delicious.He'd like to have ______________ third one because ______________ second
高考英语语法专题讲解（冠词） 冠词的用法在英语学习中较为复杂，千头万绪，尤其是惯用法，请同学们平时学习时注意积累。以下不过是谈谈冠词的一些常规的用法。 一、不定冠词的用法： 1、泛指人或事物的类别，相当于any, 如: A hammer is tool. A steel worker makes steel. 2、泛指某人或某物。 A boy is waiting for you. There is a book on your desk. 3、表one或every。 We work 8 hours a day.I go home twice a month. 4、表示the same 的意思。 Birds of a (= the same) feather flock together; people of a kind come together. 5、用在不可数名词前 a)（用在物质名词前）一种，一份 A large coffee for me.It was a wonderful tea. b)（用在某些表示风、雨等的名词前） It was clear daylight now and a fine rain was falling.There is a cold wind this morning. c)（用在抽象名词前）一种 That is a great disappointment.It’s a pleasure to work with you. 6、（用在某些专有名词前）某个叫…的人，一张…的画，一个象…的人等。 I saw a Mrs. Smith on the 12th at 2:00.He had a Van Gogh in the dining-room. What a strange London they saw!He’s a living Lei Feng. 7、用于某些固定词组中。 a few, a little, a good many, a lot of, all of a sudden, as a rule, have a cold等。 8、在元音音素开头的名词前应用an, 如an apple, an English book。要以发音为准，并非以元音字母而定。如a university, an hour, an “h”, an X-ray examination. 二、定冠词的用法。 1、表特定的或上文提到的人或物。 The boy likes the film.Shut the door, please. The old poor peasant has a son. The son is a model worker. 2、表示世界上独一无二的东西。 the earth, the moon, the stars, the sun（但space前不用）
专题01 冠词和名词 I.单项填空 1.【2019·江苏卷】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当今,旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的,可能的；C. proportion比例,占比；D. pension退休金,抚恤金。故选A。 2.【2019·天津卷】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways. A. statement B. impact C. impression D. judgment 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响,冲击力”；impression“印象,感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。故选B。 3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。 点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语从句,从句that there is life on other planets in the universe是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断,宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性,目前无法证明,从而选出正确答案。 4.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption 【答案】D
专题一冠词 考点知识清单 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词与名词的关系密不可分，就好像“鱼离不开水”一样。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。 冠词是每年高考必考的内容。考点常分布在单项选择、完形填空和短文改错中。尤其在单项选择中，每年至少有一题对冠词的用法进行考查。冠词的使用频率很高，用法也很复杂。除了要掌握一些基本原则之外，还要在实践中密切注意其习惯用法和例外情况。 知识梳理 考点一冠词的种类 冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两类。 1．不定冠词 不定冠词有a和an两种形式。a用在以辅音音索开头的词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。如： a woman一位妇女an answer一个答案 a gift一件礼物an eye一只眼睛 注意判断一个词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头，是根据其读音，而不是根据其字母。 a house 一座房子 an hour 一个小时 a useful tool 一件有用的工具 an ugly smile 一种狞笑 为了便于记忆，我们把这些特殊的词编成两个句子，帮你记忆。 In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a use ful tool．This is a usual thing． 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。 An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时以前，一个老实人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。 2．定冠词 定冠词只有the一种形式。表示特指的人或事。如： the schoolgirl这位女学生the American song那首美国歌曲 注意不定冠词泛指一类人或事物中的任何一个，相当于汉语中的“一个”，但不强调数目概念。the用在单数或复数名词前，表示特指的某一个或某一些人或事物，相当于汉语中的“这”或“那”。如： It's a flag．这是一面旗。(泛指) The flag is red．这面旗是红的。(特指上句中提及的那面旗) 考点二不定冠词的用法 1．用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一种类。如： Kate is a student．凯特是个学生(而不是工人或其他)。 A student must love his teachers．学生应当热爱他的老师。 2．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如： A girl is looking for Lucy．一个女孩在找露茜。 He works in a factory．他在一家工厂上班。 3．用于首次提到的，一方不知道的人或物。如：
专题一冠词用法 【知识清单】 一. 冠词的基本用法 ㈠不定冠词（a/an）的基本用法 1.与可数名词单数连用, 表示类别。 -- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard. -- You shouldn’t put drinks near a computer. 2.泛指某人或某物, 表示“某一个”, 相当于a certain。 -- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? -- Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t a Mr. Smith here. 3.用于数量、时间等名词前, 表示“每一（单位）的……”。 I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays. 4.在抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时)用不定冠词, 使之意义具体化, 表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等。 It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。(honour是抽象名词,an honour指一件荣誉的事) ㈡定冠词(the)的基本用法 1.用来特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所修饰。 Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was the most important one. 2.指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。 Don’t worry if you can’t come to the party. I’ll save some cake for you. 3.复述上文中提到的事物。 There is a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is new. 4.用于单数可数名词之前, 表示该类事物, 相当于a。 When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to the hotel; I can find you a bed in my flat. 5.序数词和形容词最高级前。比较级前若表示特指时也要用定冠词the。 The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small. 6.用于复数姓氏之前, 表示“夫妇”或“全家”。 the Smiths 7.表示世界上独一无二事物的名词前。 the sun, the moon, the earth, the world 8.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词、江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河及些建筑物等名称前。 According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent the spread of AIDS. 9.在某些形容词之前, 可表示某一类人。 the rich, the poor, the old, the wounded, the living, the dead ㈢零冠词(无冠词)情况： 1.人名、地名（街名、广场名、公园名）、大学名、国名、病名前。 Wang Fu Jing Street, Pei Hai Park 北海公园, Beijing University 但也可说the University of
最新精品汇编2013高考模拟试题分类汇编：冠词 1. Li Qun, who graduated from_____university in South China, is now studying for her degree in _ European country, A．a, a B．the, an C．the, a D．a ,an 2. spacecraft Shenzhou VII took off On November 1，2011 at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China． A．The；the B．The；不填C．A；the D．A；不填 3. I don't know who invented _____ iphone, but I think it is _____ useful invention． A．the; a B．the; the C．an; the D．an; a 4. If you are hunting chance to improve yourself in English，I think the English corner will be smart choice. A．a；a B．a；the C. the；a D．the；the 5. -----How about________ Christmas evening party? -----I should say it was _________ success. A. a; a B. the; / C. a; / D. the; a 6. The government said the city is facing ______ short supply of about 1 million cubic meters of ________ natural gas. A. a; / B. the; the C. a; a D. the; / 7. If you fail this time, don't lose ______ heart．Try to do it ______ second time． A．your; a B．your; the C．不填;a D．不填;the 8. —Which of the two poems do you like most? —shorter one, of course. I think it’s really most interesting one. A．The; a B．The; the C．A; the D．The; 不填 9. It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality. A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. the; the 10. People who drink and drive are __________ danger both to themselves and to ________others. A. the；不填 B. a；不填 C. 不填；the D. the；the 11. Yue Yue, _____ 2-year-old girl who was twice run over by vans and then ignored by 18 passers-by as she lay critically injured on a street, draws _____ concern from all over the country. A. the, / B. a, the C. a; / D. the, a 12. _______ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _______ good knowledge of basic word formation． A．A; a B．The; / C．A;/ D．The; the 13. When you grow up in___________ large family，you are more likely to develop__________ ability to get on well with others． A．the；the B．the；a C．a：a D．a：the 14. ----I hear that there was a terrible crash in the subway in Shanghai the other day. ----Yes, ______news came as ______shock to all of us. A. the; the B. a; / C. the; a D. /; a 15. It is thought that custom of coloring eggs was brought to Europe during Middle Ages．A．the：the B．a；不填C．a；the D．the；不填 16. Nicknames are interesting. If ______ man were unusually strong, he might adopt _____name
第一集语法填空核心考点考点突破 ——冠词——与名词共生共存 【考向聚焦】 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，常放在名词前面帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词a，an和定冠词the两种。纵观近三年高考题可知，冠词一直是必考内容。其考查的重点主要有：冠词的基本用法；在固定结构中和具体语境中的用法；冠词的特殊用法；冠词在句子中的位置。对应学生用书P1 用适当的冠词填空 1．(2013?福建，21) The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's wellbeing and ________ dream of harmony，peace and development. 解析考查冠词。根据句意，中国梦是一个……的梦和一个……的梦，可知，两空都用不定冠词a。 答案a；a 2．(2013?江西，32)Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man. 解析考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”；第二空man表“人类”，不用冠词。 答案a；不填 3．(2013?山东，22)It was________cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across________night sky. 解析考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜
空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。 答案a；the 4．(2013?江西，19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century. 解析考查冠词。第一空指独一无二的事物用the；第二空为固定短语，表示在多少世纪“in the－th century”，需加定冠词。 答案the；the 5．(2013?浙江，15)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. 解析考查冠词。短语a preference for...意为“对……的偏好”；at an early age 意为“在年纪很小时”，故均填不定冠词。 答案a；an 6．(2013?重庆，32)The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee. 解析考查冠词。第一空news后带有that引导的同位语从句，故应该特指；第二空译为“他们的儿子需要做一个手术”，使用不定冠词。 答案the；an 7．(2012?新课标全国)Sarah looked at ________ finished painting with ________ satisfaction. 解析考查冠词的用法。句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅完工的油画。根据painting 前的修饰成分finished可知是特指那幅画；后一个空格后的satisfaction是抽象名词并且表示泛指，不用冠词。
专题10 名词和冠词 【2020年】 1.（2020·新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so than the familiar near side. 【答案】interest 【解析】考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。 2.（2020·新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. 【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。 3.（2020·新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 【答案】celebration 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。 4.（2020·新课标II卷）Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. 【答案】将vacations改为vacation 【解析】考查不可数名词。句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子，vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。 5.（2020·新课标III卷）Filled with 64．(curious)，the artist packed his bags and left. 【答案】curiosity 【解析】考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。 6. （2020·江苏卷）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______. A. reservation B. transformation C. distinction D. submission 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation预订；
高考英语语法考点：冠词语法归纳 高考英语语法贯穿在高考英语选择题、高考英语作文中，在进行阅读理解和完形填空时也用得到。可以说单词是英语学习的基础、语法是英语学习的架构。高考英语语法不难，总结起来也就十几点，在听课和做题中不断揣摩其中的规律，再反过来通过题目精炼。 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法 1指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。 3表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名 人有类似性质的人或事 — Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋） 6用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后 This room is rather a big one. 8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事 a good knowledge of 精通掌握 II. 定冠词的用法 1表示某一类人或物 In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过Would you mind opening the door?
高考英语冠词解析版汇编含解析 一、单项选择冠词 1．As he reached _____ back door, Jack saw _____ strange sight. A．the ; / B．a; the C．/; a D．the ; a 【答案】D 【解析】 答案D[考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。句意：当Jack走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。the front door是特指Jack所走过去的门，a strange sight是泛指，相当于a certain sight，起初次介绍的作用。因此选D。] 2．Jack, it’s ________ bad manners to blow your nose at ______ table. A．the; a B．the; / C．/; the D．/; / 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词辨析。the是定冠词，特指某人或某事，或前文中提到的人或事；a是不定冠词，用在物质名词前，使之转化为具体名词，如“一张桌子”。句意：杰克，在餐桌上擤鼻涕是不礼貌的。故选D。 考点：考查冠词辨析。 3．As ________ matter of fact, ________number of young couples who plan to have a second kid is increasing rapidly. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．不填；the 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。第一空，固定搭配：as a matter of fact,实际上，事实上；第二空，根据谓语动词是is单数可知填the，the number of…的数量。故B正确 考点：考查冠词 4．Much of ________ humour of the book was unfortunately lost in ________ translation. A．the; / B．the; a C．a; / D．a ; a 【答案】A 【解析】 考查固定结构。The+形容词+of，表示“关于某物的什么”，是固定结构，translation是专有名词，专有名词，并且为不可数名词，前面不加冠词。句意：这本书的很多幽默的地方都消失在了翻译中。故选A。 5．It is ________ world of wonders, ________ world where anything can happen. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; the D．the; a
2021高考英语冠词必考知识点及经 典解析 冠词几乎是每年高考英语试题中的必考知识点，所以正确掌握冠词的用法非常重要，讲讲冠词的用法，希望你们可以熟练掌握。 冠词的概念：冠词是置于名词前并限定名词意义的虚词。英语中的冠词只有定冠词和不定冠词两种，其中定冠词只有 the这一种形式，不定冠词只有a和an这两种形式。名词前若不用冠词时，又称作零冠词。不定冠词之所以冠以“不定”两字，就是因为它的主要特点就是“不确定”或“泛指”；定冠词之所以冠以“定”字，就是因为它的主要特点是“确指”或“特指”。 1.不定冠词的用法 不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头（不是辅音字母，是音标）的单词前面；an用于以元音开头（不是元音字母，是音标）的单词前。如：a book, an apple； a university，an hour. 1）不定冠词用在单数可数名词前表示“一个”。
There is an apple on the table. 桌上有个苹果。 2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前，表示“任何，每个”。如： A student must study hard. 学生必须努力学习。 3）不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。如： have a try试一下 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得痛快 make a living 谋生 as a matter of fact 事实上 in a word 总而言之 2. 定冠词的用法 1）定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如： Mother carved the meat into slices.
高考英语专题练习（一） 名词与冠词 1．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ （attract）. 2．The nursery team switches him every few ________ （day）with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed. 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ （achieve）. 4．Recent ________ （study）show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 5．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ （develop）of chopsticks. 6．Any smell might attract natural ________ （enemy）that would try to eat the little panda. 7．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late ________ （pay ）may affect your credit. 8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ （different）unite, rather than divide us. 9．The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects. 10．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 11．We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.（attempts, requests, doubts, promises）12．I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village. 13．His English is ________ second to none. And he is going to learn ________ second language in ________ second grade. A．/; a; the B．the; the; a C．/; the; a D．a; the; the 14．The smallest good habits can make a big ________. 15．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.（strength, talent, ability, skill） 16．In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ______ very large stone. 17．Like many popular restaurants in Paris, ________ （reserve）are hard to get at Dave, so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door. 18．He pushed and pulled with all his ________ （strong）to move it. 19．He asked ________ （permit）to introduce his friend, whose name was Mr. Wickham, and who had apparently arrived recently from London. 20．Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of ________ （adolescent）. 21．Girls are luckier than boys; they have more flexible ________ （choose）than boys. 22．I have a strong ________ （believe）that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too. 23．So I asked her why she sat there in ________ （silent）. 24．About 20 percent of ________ （baby）feel nervous when they see strangers. 25．There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _______
高考英语冠词题20套(带答案) 一、单项选择冠词 1．_______ meeting held last night was _________ great success. A．A; a B．A ; / C．The ; a D．The ; / 【答案】C 【解析】 考查冠词。The meeting为特指昨天晚上举行的会议；success作为成功的人或事，为可数名词，选C。 2．Surprisingly, years back, when playing American Captain in Marv el’s movie universe became ______ possibility, Chris Evans nearly turned ______ role down. A．the; a B．the; the C．a; the D．/; the 【答案】C 【解析】 C句意：令人惊讶的是,几年前,当在电影宇宙中扮演美国队长成为可能的时候,克里斯·埃文斯几乎拒绝了这个角色。第一空填a，表示“一种可能性”，第二空填the，特指“American Captain这个角色”，所以选C。 3．The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as ________ second one I ate was too small. A．the; the B．a; the C．the; a D．a; a 【答案】B 【解析】 序数词前用不定冠词表示再一、又一的意思；用定冠词时表示次序第几。“蛋糕很好吃。我想再来一块因为我吃的第二块太小了” 选B 4．As he reached _____ back door, Jack saw _____ strange sight. A．the ; / B．a; the C．/; a D．the ; a 【答案】D 【解析】 答案D[考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。句意：当Jack走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。the front door是特指Jack所走过去的门，a strange sight是泛指，相当于a certain