八级写作讲稿（范一亭编著）
八级写作实用谚语、警句选萃
Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
After rain comes fair weather.雨过天晴。／否极泰来。
All good things must come to an end.天下没有不散的宴席。／好景无常。
Ali's well that ends well.结果好就是一切好。
All that glitters is not gold.发亮的东西不一定都是金子。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。／善有善报，恶有恶报。Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施。
Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。
Better to light one little candle than to curse the darkness.与其诅咒黑暗不如点上蜡烛。Birds of a feather flock together.鸟以群分，物以类聚。
Bitter pills may have wholesome effects.良药苦口。
Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。
Brevity is the soul of wit.言贵简洁。
By their fruits shall ye know them.看树看果实，看人看作为。
The child is father of (或to) the man.三岁看到老。
The darkest hour is nearest the dawn.黎服之前最黑暗。／接近成功时最艰苦。
Don't kill the goose that laid the golden eggs.切莫杀鸡取卵。
Don't put all your eggs in one basket.莫把一切希望寄托在一件事情上。／勿孤注一掷。
Drops of water outwear the stone.滴水穿石。
Early bird catches the worm.早出的鸟儿吃到虫。
Easier said than done.说来容易做时难。
The end justifies (或sanctifies) the means.只要目的正当，可以不择手段。
Every bean has its black.凡人各有其短处。
Every little makes.积少成多。／聚沙成塔。／集腋成裘。
Every man has his price.人各有其价。
Everyone to whom much is given, of him will much be required.凡得到多者，须多多付出。
Every why has a (或its) wherefore.凡事均有因。
Example is better than precept.身教重于言教。
Experience is the mother of wisdom.经验乃智慧之母。
Facts are facts.事实不容否认。
Fine words butter no parsnips.花言巧语是不中用的。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。
From the sublime to the ridiculous is but a step.多走一步真理就变谬误。
God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
Goodhealth is above wealth.健康比财富更重要。
Good wine needs no bush.酒好客自来。
Grasp all, lose all.贪多必失。
Great talkers are little doers.多言者必少行。
Habit is second nature.习惯成自然。
Haste makes waste.欲速则不达。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。
He that will thrive must rise at five.勤奋才能事业兴旺。
Homer sometimes nods.智者千虑，必有一失。
Honesty is the best policy.诚实总是上策。
If a thing is worth doing, it's worth well.凡值得一做的都值得做好。
If at first you don't succeed; try, try, tryagain.如果开始不成功，那就一试二试再试。If the mountain won't come to Mohammed, Mohammed must go to the mountain.事不迁就人，人就得迁就事。
In unity there is strength.团结就是力量。
It is more blessed to give than to receive.施比受更有福。
It's never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，未为晚也。
Jack of all trades and master of none.什么都会做，样样均稀松。
Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
A leopard can't change its spots.本性难改。
Like attracts (或draws) like.同声相应，同气相求。
A little learning (或knowledge) is a dangerous thing.一知半解是危险的。
Live and learn.活到老，学到老。
Look before you leap.三思而后行。
Make hay while the sun shines.勿失良机。
Man proposes, God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。
Money is the root of all evil.金钱乃万恶之源。
Money talks.有钱能使鬼推磨。
More haste, less speed.欲速则不达。
Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明之母。
Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.今日事，今日毕。
None so blind as he who will not see.不愿正视事实的人才是真正的瞎子。
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.有志者事竟成。
Nothing seek, nothing find.没有追求就没有成就。
One cannot put back the clock.历史的车轮不能倒转。
One man's meat is another man's poison.兴趣爱好因人而异。
One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。
Patience is a plaster for all sores.忍耐可治万千痛。
The pen is mightier than the sword.笔伐胜过刀枪。
People who live in glass houses shouldn'tthrow stones.人要有自知之明。
Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
Practise what you preach.躬行己说，身体力行。
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
The proof of the pudding is in the eating.实践是最好的检验。
Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
Spare the rod and spoil the child.孩子不打不成器。
The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.有健全的身体才有健全的心智。
A straw shows which way the wind blows.草动知风向。
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
There is no royal road to learning.做学问无捷径可走。
Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.忘记过去必定会重蹈覆辙。
Time is the best healer.时间能治愈一切创伤。
To err is human;to forgive, divine.犯错人皆难免，宽恕则属超凡。
The tree is known by its fruit.观其行而知其人。
Two heads are better than one.两人智慧胜一人。
United we stand, divided we fall.团结则存，分裂则亡。
Waste not, want not.不浪费，不愁缺。
We know not what is good until we have lost it.拥有之时不爱惜，失去以后空叹息。Well begun is half done.开始得好就等于成功了一半。
Well fed, well bred.吃得饱，懂礼貌。
Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。
With time and patience the leaf of the mulberry becomes satin.只要工夫深，铁杵磨成针。
Wit once bought is worth twice taught.付出代价长一智，胜过别人教两次。
三、范文例文库
包括课外例文和范老师长篇范文（囊括重要前沿句型和长句的风格示范，应熟练背诵后学会写长句的感觉。）。请同学们务必熟练掌握和应用。
A Sketch\Portrait of English Learners【范老师长篇】
As things stand, today, most of people, English learners or not, it is interesting to see, propose that the competence in such a foreign language as English should be a best advantage for the young generation in academy, social life and future career. Actually, it is true that foreign language mastery has played a crucial role in the social-economic exchanges and international cooperation or competition, but a good majority of learners have to moan and groan for great difficulties that language study may occasion(=materialize), although they also profess that pleasure and happiness have never stopped short of visiting them from time to time. As far as the whole study progression for a foreign language can be divided into three stages: learning motivations, study methods and attitudes towards difficulties for the end,here a sketch of English learners can be drawn with specific analyses and comments.
In the first place, to learn a foreign language means the variety of sources for it differing from individual to individual, which may count on three variants: as Bacon put it, ―Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability.‖ If so, the first kind of English learners, according to this benchmark, can be imagined as positive on his or her own initiative, or just for fun or pleasure. He only enjoys learning alone by practicing watching English channels on TV or attending English operas, or merely saying ―See you‖ or ―Take care‖ to his intimate friends who should also delight in speaking the language as a personal love. This group of learners, in the main, are used to taking an English novel from the shelf to read casually and happily under the shadow of romantic sunset. So learning English is no more than a labor of love for them. However, some other learners are likely to give anybody he meets with the hint that he is a master of a foreign language, or at the very least a super-fan for English, in that he is inured to seemingly spontaneous utterances of ―OK‖ or ―Terrific‖ as an old-timer in this field or whatever they may believe expressive, but actually he has unconsciously as show-offs lapsed into sensationalism. Yet, anyhow, their courage and enthusiasm may deserve affirmation and encouragement to some extent although English name is a must for them and little success in this language proficiency has been really achieved by them. Nevertheless, the most assiduous worker in learning English might be the third group, who seems to boast more ambitions, time and energy. Compared with them, the former two groups may speak out more inappropriate sentences or employ more unidiomatic usages or collocations while the ability-oriented students concentrate more on the application of the language into his career. So they are ready to practice it as the work commands. Language aptitude test certificates are not rare in their curriculum vitae and, generally, they must have spent lots of time on English conversations, not without his highly motivated goals for seeking a great lucrative profession, for which English is not the end like the first group, but just a necessary means or an indispensable ticket to individual success, yet unfortunately divesting himself of a trace of life vigor and
amusement in human language communication because, when this individual fails to secure a word, scowling and frowning may be his long-standing facial expressions.
For a second, to learn a foreign language, people may take up multitudinous strategies to make great efforts on study, among which the traditional four approaches of listening, speaking, reading and writing should hold sway. When a group of students would like to give priority to reading and writing for the Standard Written English, others may depend upon audio and oral practice. The former, more often than not, are too much convinced of the conventional way of learning languages by intensive reading, esp. reading between lines, or such extensive reading methods as skimming and scanning. Fast reading has even become a kind of learning technique for this group of students and even experts. And the most important is that these learners believe firmly reading as the best input to stimulate speaking and writing, and listening also merely is played down as a supplementary help for reading. In contrast, the latter put more emphasis on hands-on practice in both English conversations and dialogues and speeches. In that sense, it is not uncommon to witness many students of this belief walking while listening to English music and popular songs, watching motion pictures in English, listening to radio channels such as VOA or BBC, or fishing for foreigners as a language partner at a college English corner. Some of them have virtually achieved a lot for in the past the Chinese linguistics community seem to have been more and more aware of its reasonableness in achieving success in learning the language. Around us still comes another group of English learners who seem to be much more proficient at study for they focus wisely on the perfect marriage of the four skills and try to combine them with cross-cultural perspectives during the study. They accentuate the nature of language as the implication of shades in meaning of words and of culture as the demonstration of nuances in each language. So they take a lot of nerve, for example, to centre on the same novel or essay when they listen, speak, read and write, and try to make sure that, not only does the learner really understand the audio-visual sense of vocabulary and sentences, but he may better perceive the very accurate usage of the sentences in whatever fixed language context or cultural backdrop. In the way they may not mistake ―kids‖ for ―children‖, or ―people‖ for ―guys‖ in different circumstances.
Last but not least, dissimilar stances towards setbacks and frustrations in the course of language study may demarcate English learners into two types: the group to collapse immediately at the first sight of impediments and barriers on the way to language mastery, and the group who do not quit right now but fight his own way to explore other contingencies to perform his ideal of acquiring the English language with self-independence and self-reliance. Many common people, however, always abandon themselves into spiritual fear and loss and henceforth give up studying half into the way.
So when the former basically passively lose the nerve to keep at their study but surrender initiative and creativity, the latter work hard to confront and conquer obstacles in a persistent manner. With more motivation and resilience in study arrangement, the strong-willed group assert that ―where there is a will there is a way‖; they can exhibit more potentials in promoting individual determination and resolution in overcoming troubles and frustrations. As known to all, it is universally trials and tribulations that decide one’s success in career and academy. Therefore, they put more premium on one’s own initiative and knowledge of what they are to learn and why they must learn it well. Average brains will become great minds, who may never stop short of challenging precarious and hazardous blocks and obstructions. For the sake of self-reliance and self-realization, many an English learner of this bunch will staunchly\ unwaveringly make their own way to final accomplishment.
To crown it all, language acquisition seems to be rather arduous a task to fulfill while for some learners it is even no less than a feat for their life. As different learners crave for English knowledge for various reasons, so they react divergently towards setbacks hither and thither on the road according to a large range of learning policies. When pretentious, utilitarian or cowardly manners deserve considerably grave criticism, rote learning, cramming policy or devitalized language learning must be jettisoned, the cordial love for language, the sense of entirety cast upon the language and the unfailing hardships may better embrace our great appreciation and bold publicity now and forever.
Part-time Work\Jobs【课外选文】
Merits 1)In recent years, an increasing number of full-time students do various kinds of part-time jobs in their spare time. It is a good phenomenon for it benefits the students enormously.
2) Whenever one student goes to have a job interview with the manager of a company, he will probably ask the graduate whether he or she has ever had any working experience including part-time jobs, because a person who has had such experience will have a better understanding of what he is going to do and how to the practical work.
3) It is best that the part-time job is related to what they learn by which they are going to make a living. It is far from enough to see that they only remember the knowledge from books and teachers, but they should learn to use it in real work professionally. It is especially true in some cases. For example, a student whose major is a certain foreign language, should grasp every chance to practice because language is a tool and only by using it all the time can the student improve his language skills.
4)Doing part-time jobs helps cultivate independence among young people. Being able to earn their own money gives students a feeling that they have become mature and self-confident. With the money hard-earned, students can buy the things they need and
relieve the economic burdens of their families.
5)Part-time jobs can also foster a sense of commitment to the society and enhance a young person’s social capability. Through work students can apply their knowledge to practice and know better what the society will demand of them. In addition, part-time job experience enables students to realize their own value and obtain a feeling of achievement through contributing to the national construction.
6)Furthermore, by working, they can learn a lot which cannot be learned from textbooks. They will learn to get along with different kinds of people, get useful working experiences and understand the value of labor. So striking a proper balance between study and work is beneficial.
Demerits 7) With the development of economy and change of the society, college students nowadays are beginning to make money by doing\taking part-time jobs. It will enable students to buy whatever they need for their study with their own money and also helps college students become independent and sociable. However, there are also some demerits in doing the part-time work. It will no doubt take up students’ time and affect their academy. Besides, it does no good to their health because they have to stay up often in order to catch up with their lessons. Moreover, some students even pack up their books and turn entirely to business. So the best way for students may be to take jobs during their vacations.
8) First, every period of a person’s life has its main task. As a student, his main task is studying, and in this period, his academy ability is the strongest. So it would be of great waste if one student goes into business in this golden learning time. Second, study is a prerequisite of doing business. The knowledge in books is concluded from other people’s practical experience and condensed knowledge. Furthermore, study is so important that it cannot be distracted by business.
9)As students, their first priority is to study. Halfhearted efforts will only bring marginal results, and the opportunity to excel in society with a solid educational foundation will have been missed.
Attaining Success in College【课外选文】
Succeeding in college is not only important to getting an education, but alsocrucial in this day and age to success in the work place. To me, the three mostimportant things for attaining a successful college experience are having smartclassroom conduct, taking advantage of campus resources, and making college thefirst priority.
To begin with, attaining success in college involves smart classroom conduct consisting of regular class attendance and active class participation. Attending class regularly, the students can have access to all the information provided by the professors who always give clues to concepts that will be tested on later. In addition, the studentsneed to get fully involved in class activities. Regular interaction with the professors not only gives them a chance to clear any questions they may have, but also gives the professors a chance to see how well they learn. And learning with their peers
can be fun, too. Therefore, smart class conduct is crucial to achieving success in college.
【范老师改写的第一分论点】Firstly, excellent classroom conduct may guarantee\make\stand up for a student’s success in academy\college.\\\\Freshman students should try their best to aptly take class notes with a concentrated will as professors lecture. When the teacher casts any questions upon the whole class, one need raise his or her hand actively enough to be a volunteer. Furthermore, good performance in seminars, workshops or class discussions may require a student to seek wisely for becoming the very few key-note speakers, equipped with keen interests for topics concerned and preaching effectively before the whole class. It would also be beneficial to any learner to make all-round reviews for the in-class quizzes, tests, or middle-exams. In fact, though, before the professor withdraws completely out of the classroom, a top student in academy may rise to the occasion with quick-witted enquires and resourceful queries to modestly consult the mentor.\\\\With all these ingeniousmanoeuvres\strategies, a student may finally impress his or her instructorandachieve success in academy. （160 wds）
Making good use of campus resources is also of great importance to collegesuccess. \\\The school library has many resources for the growth of the students'mind. With computers and copy-machines for individual use, computer labs andwriting labs are there not just for learning purposes but also for actual help withwriting papers. The "office hours" will help the students build a close relationshipwith their professors and give them access to the professors' mind. From theprofessors the students can acquire possible extra information that may put themahead of their study.\\\All these resources are free, since they are funded by studenttuitions. So taking good advantage of the resources can only make the students'education more attainable. (总分总, 第三人称)
Finally, any students who want to assure success must establish school as thetop priority. \\\ Personally I have watched some students slowly loosen up; I haveseen a pattern of partying and a lack of motivation. Many of the freshmen have noidea why they are in college, and their "eyes" often tell it all. This world is so richin distractions that it is hard to keep a strong focus, especially if one is juststarting his or her academic career. It is said that the first semester is often themost "unsuccessful" one. This certainly rings true for me. \\\I made mistakes in thisregard and eventually learned that, to achieve success, school must always beplaced above other things. (总分总, 第三、一人称夹杂)
In my college experience, I have observed and learned how to achievesuccess. I wish someone had told me earlier the importance of having that smartclassroom conduct, of fully utilizing the school resources, and of making collegemy top priority. Then, my college beginnings would not have been so rocky andtough.
Self-study or Teachers’ Instructions【范老师长篇范文】
In the past, in general, people have never hesitated to choose the preference to the study with teachers’instruction and direction, which usually predominates the whole academic life of the older generations now being parents and teachers themselves.
Notwithstanding, the world has changed into the alternativeness between self-study and teacher’s instruction for the contemporary learners, young or old. With a meticulous comparison and contrast, people may find three best reasons accounting the significance of self-taught programs despite the indispensable traditional means of academy through the help of instructors.
Admittedly, the conventional pedagogy in academia under the direction and guidance of professors and scholars, masters in various fields, undoubtedly, boasts several beneficial advantages for students’ learning in col leges and universities. Typically it would be much conducive to those bewildered beginners. With excellent academic backgrounds, extensive researches and plentiful experiences in teaching, tutors can tell learners where to start with, what they should grasp and which reference they should choose. Confronting unexpected difficulties, students can appeal to teachers for help, whose suggestions will always be tremendously helpful and valuable. On this account students might learn easier, faster and more interestingly. From time to time, schoolmasters regularly correct students’ errors in their assignments and fulfill the necessary duties of supervision and encouragement. Despite all of the above, more persuasive factors may be found to recommend the alternative option of self-teaching practice, by virtue of, mainly, higher motivation, copious flexibility in syllabus and schedule, and more courage to conquer difficulties during the course of academic work.
First and foremost, self-taught programs may better provoke stronger incentives and impulses in starting and keeping learning interests. Without instructors’ orders or even reproaches, forcible and authoritative, young learners could place themselves in a fitter position to study in a relaxed and confident manner. After gaining a little success at the beginning, students may maintain their own academy with the active stimulation from natural interests in a certain field. For example, when one individual is disposed to discover why Shakespeare has been so popular in the west literatures, he may take constant reading and thinking of Shakespearian plays and poems in order to delve into the very mysteries of that Bard. In all likelihood, a young man who is touched by the esoterica of the computer science or puzzled by the great achievements by Bill Gates, he probably arouses great motives for himself in the years to come. In that sense, people usually claim that interest is the best mentor in learning.
In the second place, self-study is of many more benefits to students than coaching and tutoring as far as theactual practices of arranging study time, method and schedule. For most of freshmen and beginners in learning, they bear quite differentiateddispositions, backgrounds and academic basis. Therefore alternative policies should be formulated for each individual rather than the single indoctrination with those precepts and mottos by teachers’ guidance. On the other hand, as Descartes, the famed 17th-century French philosopher, put it, ―I doubt therefore I think; I think thereforeI am.‖ Individuality should, hence, play a pivotal role in modern advanced
education. In the course of study, learners can explore fields step by step, one by one: If they are working on a certain skill, think more about the theory or principle; if they are preparing a test, practise more because practice makes prefect; if they are fully engaged in Friday, weekends will be a better choice to study. Anyway, students can find convenient time and methods for themselves throughout the highs and lows of academy.
Last but not least, besides more motivation and better elasticity in study arrangement, self-taught programs can exhibit more potentials in promoting individual determination and resolution in overcoming troubles and frustrations. As known to all, it is universally trials and tribulations that decide one’s success in career and academy. Many common people, however, always abandon themselves into spiritual fear and loss and henceforth give up studying half into the way. In contrast, self-study puts more priority over one’s own initiative and knowledge of what they are to learn and why they must learn it well. Average brains will become great minds, who may never stop short of challenging precarious and hazardous blocks and obstructions. For the sake of self-reliance and self-realization, many a learner will staunchly\ unwaveringly fight their own way to finalaccomplishments.
To crown it all, teachings will eternally play the vital role in human education for knowledge has been handed down orally from generation to generation in the whole human history, east or west. Be that as it may, self-taught programs, a newly-rising pedagogical pattern since the 20th century, have brought several enticing edges into full display\play. It not only h elps to boost students’ morale in study when they are exposed to difficulties and setbacks, but, more importantly, can lead to a wide scope of adaptability in time and methods and the significant foundation for a fledgling’s impetus for learning. With the rapid development of frontier knowledge in this modern age and era, all in all, people will need more diversified educational methods and may have the better claim for self-taught programs in terms of distant education, on-line education or tele-education.
The College Campus: Forbidden or Open for Outsiders\Tourists
【范老师长篇范文】
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school studentsvisitPeking University or Tsinghua University or other famous universities in China because, for those parents and organizers\sponsors\tourist agencies, the scenery on the campus is equally beautiful and sightseeing there is the same wonderful as in other scenic spots or historic interests. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon in that this craze or fashion in tourism or the public suggestion about opening the whole college campus to outsiders for relaxation or enjoyment may both similarly be bound to disquiet
the tranquility of every academy. However, this issue deserves thorough meditation because it is actually a matter of degree in the contingency of college accessibility. Generally, college campus may as well be open to the public regularly rather than throughout the whole academic year in terms of the three remarkable virtues---the all-round benefits for visitors or the common folks around the college town or community, the full development of studen ts’ character education, and most centrally, the boost for academic power and image, despite some presumable problems confronting this proposal.
Admittedly, there are some conspicuous demerits discerned out for a university, which is supposedly a sacred academe for study and research, not for tourism. Nevertheless, today, more and more visitors pay visits with hope and respect, taking pictures and enjoying the scenery at university campus. In China, for instance, during the May Day Holiday, National Day Holiday, and summer and winter vacations, many University campuses become popular tourist sites. As a result, viewers probably pollute much of the peaceful and beautiful tidiness and order within the whole campus, due to clamorous noises, madding crowds, and rubbish littered everywhere. Second, some tourists trample grass to take photos, and scribble on trees and walls to leave a graffiti culture, which will affect the priceless historic interests located on campus badly. Furthermore, it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere. Tourists' visits may inevitably disturb the normal teaching and researching environment by snooping around teaching buildings, libraries, gymnasium and so on. With the increasing tourism on campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere and potentially threaten\spoil the time-honored intellectual quietness and seriousness in the academic territory, not to mention its directly threatening the personal and property security of the whole college. Last of all, even though to some extent opening the college campus may be imagined as an exciting way of making abundant profits by taking advantage of the above-mentioned natural scenery and academic aroma there, it is rather urgent for the school administration to be wary of\guard against the ever-encroaching corruption of commercialism and utilitarianism on hearts and minds of students, teachers and educationists if campuses are pervaded all the time with all the rank and file who have held money at hand and demanded unconditioned access into campus.
To begin with,opening college territory to the public may virtually be quite conducive to the well-rounded upgrading of all kinds of outsiders or visitors. It may be, first of all, regarded as a good thing for the middle school students with keen interests in their future higher education world, to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the young pilgrims of thought and wisdom to achieve more information about the university when they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chances of gaining easy or casual access into colleges or
universities. Although the identity of a university, in the main, should be fixed to maintain the primary function of universities for national education, not tourist attraction or public entertainment space, yet the opening days may be the best time for social community people, esp. the young generation, to initiate their closer observation and physical contact with what have long impressed their minds as a world of moral loftiness and academic sublimity. Green pastures, vigorous young students and venerated professors all come together to formulate a legendary and appealing picture with strong quaint aura around. Those time-honored tablets, weather-beaten buildings or intangible but mystic tales about intellectual masters centuries ago serve to give emphasis to the significance of education and honor of success. Hence, through this spiritual journey, much of traditional culture and customs is typically inculcated into the young minds yearning for carrying\handing\passing the torches on, a dream goal for many Chinese parents and young ambitious students. On the other hand, the well-equipped and time-tested public amenities, generally in a large number, within college campuses, which have actually built themselves with much contribution of public finance system and social donations, may have every reason to open to the public, esp. the local community people. Thus, public resources can be largely and fully enjoyed and shared and eventually transformed into public good. Under such circumstances can it be ascertained that young children in Cambridge, Mass., can enter freely the buildings of Harvard libraries for books and lectures. So in that way colleges can make great contributions to the expansion of social and cultural resources of the community and to the higher achievements of local government’s work in general.
In the second place, opening campus to the exterior world may be of great avail to students’ social and spiritual advancement of all-inclusive elements. Not only does it help student individuals to make more friends from society, but learn more information and knowledge about social reality. Moreover, it can broaden their horizons, expand their minds and mould their agreeable dispositions, instead of merely confining themselves alone into this academic province. Finally, they will be likely to cherish their precious opportunities staying here after receiving swarms of v isitors’ admiration. Through those experiences of communication with outsiders, a youth can foster the best sense of commitment, responsibility and duty fulfillment, and learn about the interpersonal communication skills indispensable for his future work or research. Such individual qualities as faithfulness towards job or company may best be developed not in the classroom or library, but in the consecutive and casual exchanges with visitors in that the strong awareness of belonging and communal identity usually triggers off the empowered pride, loyalty and obligation towards the academy and the people.
Most important of all, besides visitors’ and students’ elevations physically and spiritually from the opening policy, as more tourists come to visit universities, these universities can widen their influence of all sides as well as they can seemingly make
some profits from the tourism. For one thing, opening to the public may promote the college image or profile to a higher stature and enhance the academic and educational honor among the citizens of the country or even around the whole world. The Chinese colleges may welcome the candidates to visit campus like American universities to draw upon the best talents by gaining a better communication with the young students. For another, a college hospital may make more contributions to local government and the whole country by accommodating the local patients; yet the hospital researchers will definitively be rewarded by learning more of virus samples for their own research. In that sense, scholars and researchers may eliminate their narrow-mindedness and prejudice in the ivory tower and gradually keep in touch with social reality to advance their communitarian spirit rather than a coterie creed. Finally, with the forwarded mutual exchanges between school and community, a steady harmonious relation will be formulated as theory and practice do while knowledge and education may truly become the very keynote popularity for the populace. Companies, for instance, may appeal to scientists and technicians in colleges for a common endeavor whilst farmers may turn to professionals and experts for the best solutions to land acidification.
【折中段落】In the final analysis, insofar as for a long history overseas universities have opened at a fixed date or with an agreed appointment to those outside visitors or would-be applicants, Chinese universities, with an admirable history or not, may better work out some opening days or spans, esp. in the summer and winter vacations, for newcomers. Such a regular access can exclude the radical idea for the everlasting freedom of entrance into the academic institutions, thereby securing finally a peaceful and harmonious world of high-brow intellectual events. Therefore, this compromise mostly gains a balanced mutual satisfaction and gratification between academy and the masses, between scholars’ world and social real ity, between school and company. In that sense, a good part of public accessibility of colleges may just lie in a well-rounded and comprehensive pondering over the two-world communication rather than competition or contestation. With the dramatic development of our society and this globe, in actuality, it has become a universal tendency for both the academia and the masses to serve each other, help each other, and finally achieve the perfect marriage of both elitism and grass roots with a win-win result. 〖联想‖of the people, by the people and for the people‖〗All in all, when quite a few apparent disadvantages are challenging the controversial argument of opening college gates\gateways to all the community people or travelers, another three aspects in bolstering the open policy can count on the great values for outsiders, the invisible influences upon both students’ spiritual progress and upon academic activities by virtue of paving a way for social utility. All strengths and weaknesses considered, it may be ultimately acknowledged that the populace are better invited by college and university people to see around the intellectual paradises and perform an social and ideological gala among students, professors and all walks of life
outside of the academy.
What Talent Means for the Americans and Chinese?【范老师长篇范文】―The career opens to talents,‖ as a French writer declared lauding Napoleon. That means gods love talent more than mediocrity. However the very essences or touchstones for an able man may tremendously vary\shift\differ from country to country and from culture to culture. With a similar emphasis on the self-generated capabilities of judgment, maneuver, creation and resolution, the basic values on talent by Americans and Chinese are greatly different in terms of respective views about ability, ethics, work, environment, disposition, and self-attitude.
At the first sight, there are many things in common with the talent outlook for both Americans and Chinese. Besides unusual or even inborn power of coping with general issues, a man of talent for both cultures must be experienced in performance, honored in credibility, determined in conviction and capable in learning. With these remarkable gifts, whoever excels in taking great advantage of all the factors in one issue in order to achieve the most conducive value or seminal progress practically or spiritually, would be the very talent for an institute, community or the whole society badly needs. In an American’s eye, thereby, those founding Fathers such as Washington and Franklin should be very paragons of great talents while in China, SimaQian, the famed writer of The Book of History, and Sun Yat-sen, a modern democrat, are the typical cream of the nation. On the other hand, an admirable man of talent may bear the wisdom to select and locate other talented peers or followers as well. Just as like people have like minds, so Sir Arthur Conan Doyle believes that―mediocrity knows nothing higher than itself but talent instantly recognizes genius.‖ In both cultures, talented people encouraged to help others not limited to talent themselves: Jesus found the Christian creed of brotherhood, highlighted by his later outstanding disciples; Confucianism boasted a positive principle, ―In order to establish myself, I help others to establish themselves; in order to enlarge myself, I help others to enlarge themselves.‖In spite of the above likeness between the two cultures, however, the American people attach a lot more importance to independence, individualism, innovation and self-reliance with regards to their individual-centred cultural mode. In a sharp contrast with the American talent perspective, the Chinese culture offers a more introspective and group-oriented code to judge a talent.American people, first of all, would like to pick out the most original minds with high creativity and brilliant initiatives, which may be traced back to the very adventurous spirit fertilized from the early migration history starting with Mayflower. Only those who dare to dip the water at first are entitled to cross the ford with success. And it is quite normal to see the personnel changes of CEOs in American companies if the corporate strategic development has been failed for conservatism. But the Chinese talent is expected to have the knack of good implementation or performance according to the set principle or guideline instead of challenging group leaders or authorities’ ideas for further progress
of an enterprise. Therefore in Chinese culture a gentleman should better aptly act more than speak his own opinions. The patient animals like ox and mule duly represent forbearance and loyalty. Even though both cultures pay the similar attention to experiences of a gifted man, Americans have focused largely on what he has created in the past stories whereas Chinese have put more stress upon what the man has actually done specifically.
Second, the different points of concentration for ethical value are also crucial for talent evaluation. American culture pays more homage to personal power andachievements based on an independent world while Chinese culture casts more light on the familial, social and historical backgrounds and individual morality. For an American young man, his life mission is to strike out his own potentials and try to realize one’s own ultimate goal or dream. History doesn’t make much se nse in judging a person of talent. For example, President Lincoln was once a carpenter and his relations with family, birth place or class are easily ignored compared with his own attainments in the Civil War. That might be the reason why Bill Clinton was not removed from his presidency for his extramarital affairs. But it is not uncommon (=quite) in China to examine the talent’s ties with their families, communities or classes. The preeminent alumni may be very helpful for a newly graduate to find a desirable job. Furthermore, the Chinese talent must shoulder more extra responsibilities or duties for friends, families and even relatives. A person who wants to turn their back on their ethic and ethnic backgrounds may be regarded as an selfish betrayer for his family and community. As one fixed point in the chained network of human relationship, Chinese talent has to be sensitive about their proper positions in the hierarchical society. They even willingly are sacrificed for the sake of the interests of a group or community.
Third, the thought of how to work decides another different point of view about human resources. For Americans, in general, people should have a clear conception between work and entertainment. The vocabulary such as Sunday, holiday, vacation, weekends, and the like, are all integral parts of one’s life although meanwhile industry is an essential for puritan work ethics. As the English saying goes, ―all work and no play make Jack a dull boy.‖ Aldous Huxley, the British novelist, even said,―There is no substitute for talent. Industry and all the virtues are of no avail.‖ On the contrary, the Chinese culture advocates the central virtue of endless industry embedded in its tradition. Models having devoted their lives to causes\endeavour they strive for by working to their last breath are usually haloed as national icons. So for most East Asian cultures, working on holiday becomes not a sin against God as in Judaism but a significant merit for talent.
Fourth, the manners concerning social environment are quite different from America to China. With much dependence upon religion, American people tend to act individually with any sacrifice for the sake of a group or community. Environment and social resources are to be seized and grabbed. It is very important for one talented man to take his own initiative to reconstruct the old environment around him or create a new
environment. So moving houses with a mobile life is quite normal for Americans because they want to have new satisfactory circumstances to give free reins to their individuality. But the Chinese talent must aim to adapt themselves to any kind of environment, which may be quite inhibiting, in that Chinese are accustomed to the total harmony with nature from the remote antiquity. No sense of conquest pervades the Chinese mindset. With an absolute pacifism, talent has to keep silent and adjust themselves passively to social reality.
Another core value for scrutinizing talent is about their natural preference for righteousness (benevolence) or interest. In America, seeking interests are a necessary part of human nature because man is believed born evil. Conflict hence arises from individual competition but harmony can follow after negotiation and compromise, during which a smart talented man learns to bargain for his own interest. As a result, everyone may be best motivated for work and success. In China, oppositely, talent is committed to an act of benevolence or righteousness, dodging on the alert the so-called corruption by money or gold. It also suggests fairness, compassion and generosity. For any enterprise, efficiency and personal success have to surrender to the seemingly equilibrium rather than the toleration of actual diversification and discrepancies of specific interests. The only proper interest is just for the community.
Last but not least, self-attitude should be a distinctive hallmark for either cultural consideration for a talented character. In America, self-reliance, self-confidence and self-esteem are basics for talent. And their success and personal worth should, so to speak, lie in the realization of individual ideals or beliefs. That may give accounts for the intellectual declaration of independence by R. W. Emerson for American scholars and the creed of American Dream. In contrast, Chinese talent has to face a value judgment by others around them. Serving others is the very means to gain the utmost honor favored by the community. A brilliant youth may be accused of being proud or imprudent unless he appears quite modest or humble before colleagues, esp. authorities. In the wake of\Following\Given that standard the correct self-attitude for Chinese talent turns out to be want of confidence and independence.
All in all,resemblances and varieties for the talent vision are obvious with a prismatic examination of the American and Chinese cultures. But as the Westerners discover the charm of the Oriental culture andChina gears up for the globalization, the cultural mutual absorption has embarked on and will lead to the furtherance of likeness in the future. Up to now, Chinese talented generation has turned to being more and more individualistic, confident, aggressive and ingenious.
East or West, Talent Is Best【范老师长篇范文】
From the articles\materials, it can be inferred that labor or talent migration is a matter of long-standing, as time-honored as the nation-state. In the 19th century millions of Irish took flight from a catastrophic potato famine while in the past half century India has suffered a post-colonial brain drain especially in the field of software industry.
However, given a close examination over the brain drain or brain gain controversy, people may objectively work out its various kinds of significance and consequence for both home countries and host nations. Thus surveying the migrant history of the past century between America and China, people should deal with ins and outs specifically so as to reach an all-round opinion on the issue. For most of the time China has exported a great amount of expatriates to the USA, inevitably haunted by the losses from brain drain; but things haveembarked on amazing changes for the latest several decades, accompanied by the reversed currents of more and more capable returnees, thereupon leading to China’s success of brain gain.
To begin with, during more than one half of the last century, the Sino-American population move was predominated by the migration from China to America. Originating with multitudes of Chinese labor force emigrating to America and seeking their fortunes there in the first half century, many bright scientists, engineers and other techies having flown to the economically prosperous America have been drawn overseas by the world’s top-notched universities, the freest financial and social environment and the highest standard of living in the world power. The notion of ―American Dream‖ has seemed largely attractive to the immigrants throughout the world. A great amount of Chinese American talent of the first generation really achieved their goals: Cheng-Ning Yang杨振宁and Trung-Dao Lee李政道won the Nobel Physics Prize in 1959 and Bei Yu-ming贝聿铭became a world-renowned architect, the designer of Musee\Museum du Louvre of Paris, not to mention An Wang王安, the ever successful Harvard doctoral graduate and PC inventor of ―Core Memory‖. The main reasons, so to speak, for the obvious brain drain for most of the century, can lie in generally the complicated political instability and poor national power in China, with personal endeavor, mental challenge and higher life objectives in the individual sense. Despite the short intervals of the migratory block around 1950s-1970s, America was still a good place to learn more advanced skills and meet with more job opportunities.
Therefore as the ―melting pot‖ country, t he United States opened to receive avalanches\flood of immigration from all corners of the world, which may lead to population saturation and explosion. On the other hand, cultural conflicts were to be handled and many Chinese immigrants were faced with the puzzling cultural shock in a totally differentiated environment. Despite these drawbacks, America witnessed great help to its social progress and construction: numerous work vacancies were filled to resolve the labor shortage; the hard-working Chinese migrants unsparingly made vast tangible contributions to various fields of science and technology, with their industrious and patient virtues integrated into the whole American character. As for China, in the meanwhile, trickles of brain drain had been apparently detrimental to the underdeveloped and unstable nation before the new socialist Republic came into being. Outstanding gifted minds were lost and a factual shortage of human resources took place.
Although China boasts of a large population, one may say, the average level of labor power must have declined much, let alone the immaturity of national science and technology. In addition, many Chinese families turned collapsed because of migration resulting into marital breakup and juvenile delinquency. Children left alone home were even called ―emotional orphans‖. On the contrary, for the other side, quite a few of overseas Chinese have migrated back to New China since the 1950s and many scientists having learned the advanced technology became later the cream of nation in making China’s fast development possible. In that sense, the home nation started to be rewarded by the original investment on these talents, who had finally grown into maturity in the USA.
In contrast, despite still a traffic of talents moving to America for temporary better conditions or further study, later towards the end of the 20th century, noticeably much around the final decade, a contrary migration from the United States of overseas Chinese, along with quite a few American professionals to work in China, back to the motherland, held sway across the globe, which has still extended into the current or even the future Chinese landscape. Part of them, being the second or even third generation of Chinese Americans who are eager to know about this ever-increasing Oriental giant\titan, have never stopped short of visiting China, offered great investment and setting up remarkable entrepreneurship, because the original home nation has advanced with unprecedented economic and cultural achievements. Among them are, to just name a few, Gary Lock(骆家辉)，the first governor of Chinese origin, Elaine L. Chao(赵小兰), now Secretary of Labor, and Choon Kun Cho, the first Chinese-American astronaut. But the main stream of the returned nationals as permanent residents are the expatriate talent having finished studying and working in America for years, who now are attracted by Chinese great potentials of the outstanding competitive power, and in turn are participating in enhancement and promotion of China’s further renaissance.
As things stand,America does help nurture\cultivate\educate lots of Chinese talent in various disciplines of knowledge but in the new century, it also has to face the reversed brain drain taking place domestically, which is another effect of globalization as well. To prevent population explosion, educate more native talents and defend against the demonic terrorists, America tries to reduce visas and outsource working contracts, only to find the global talented group drained away to other countries in Europe or back to home nations like China and India in the long term, and risk losing its overwhelming competitive power eventually.
For its part, China gradually absorbs multitudinous talents back and mutual benefits for both America and China should be the very trend. Admittedly, as the globalization becomes the dominant tone of today’s economic world, China still faces the oppressive power from America who has stolen away some best minds for, in the
short term, the USA still means the best research and living environment for developing nations. China, however, has regenerated astounding power to challenge any other nation because more and more talents have returned. With immediate effect, firstly, they bring great remittances or foreign exchanges back to families, helping alleviate poverty and boom the local or even regional economy. Secondly, the elite returnees master the essentials for contemporary knowledge economy, such as skills, know-how and business management methods. Furthermore, much foreign wealth and investment have been allured to China for advanced entrepreneurship and venture capital funds. Thirdly, the popular and advantageous information, ideas, thoughts, and adaptive thinking with originality and innovation are being incorporated into the Chinese new culture. Hence it may influence the local culture or even force changes and modernization on education and social policies by governments. Most important of all, nonetheless, a global level of cooperative opportunities will be endowed on China, who could take the best comparative advantage, in this increasingly borderless world, of her expatriates’international experiences of different posts and practices. For example, theHarvardMedicalCollege experts, among which Chinese experts are not rare, have been cooperating with Chinese counterparts to investigate and research the gene data bank both in China and America. Besides, it is still a matter of national identity heightened and highlighted by the invisible web of the ethnic intellectuals and experts scattered around the globe. Even nonresidential, thinkers, artists and entrepreneurs will meet regularly on foreign soil or over the Internet to brainstorm about their distant homelands.
In the main\On the whole\In general\To crown it all, the story about immigration and emigration is very hard to generalize without detailed and dialectical evaluation. Most of the past century, I must say, the migrant climate has immeasurably benefited America with the natural brain drain harmful to China to a greater extent. Nevertheless, as the world experiences the fin-de-siecle surge of globalization or even ―glocalization‖ through the new era, more and more mutual assets have been going to both America and China all on account of the frequent talent exchanges not only between them but also around the world. In one word, collaborationand cooperation are intensified when contestation and competition loom up more behind the curtains.
Specialists and Generalists【专才与通才辩；课外选文】
In this era of rapid social and technological change leading to increasing life complexity and psychological displacement, both positive and negative effects among persons in Western society call for a balance in which there are both specialists and generalists.
Specialists are necessary in order to allow society as a whole to properly and usefully assimilate the masses of new information and knowledge that have come out of research and have been widely disseminated through mass global media. One can only
research what he or she can do because there are so many who have come before him or her to whom one can turn for basic knowledge. It is only because of each of the narrowly focused individuals at each step that a full and true understanding of the complexities of life can be had. Each person can only hold enough knowledge to add one small rung to the ladder, but together we can climb to the moon. This illustrates the point that our so cieties’ level of knowledge and technology is at a stage in which there simply must be specialists in order for our society to take advantage of the information available to us.
Simply put, without specialists, our society would find itself bogged down in the Sargasso sea of information overload. While it was fine for early physicists to learn and understand the few laws and ideas that existed during their times, now, no one individual can possibly digest and assimilate all of the knowledge in any given area.
On the other hand, over-specialization means narrow foci in which people can lose the larger picture. No one can hope to understand the human body by only inspecting one's own toe-nails. What we learn from a narrow focus may be internally logically coherent but may be irrelevant or fallacious within the framework of a broader perspective. Further, if we inspect only our toe-nails, we may conclude that the whole body is hard and white. Useful conclusions and thus perhaps useful inventions must come by sharing among specialists. Simply throwing out various discoveries means we have a pile of useless discoveries, it is only when one can make with them a mosaic that we can see that they may form a picture.
Not only may over-specialization be dangerous in terms of the truth, purity and cohesion of knowledge, but it can also serve to drown moral or universal issues. Generalists and only generalists can see a broad enough picture to realize and introduce to the world the problems of the environment. With specialization, each person focusses on their research and their goals. Thus, industrialization, expansion, and new technologies are driven ahead. Meanwhile no individual can see the holistic view of our global existence in which true advancement may mean stifling individual specialists for the greater good of all.
Finally, over-specialization in people's daily lives and jobs has meant personal and psychological compartmentalization. People are forced into pigeon holes early in life (at least by university) and must consciously attempt to consume external forms of stimuli and information in order not to be lost in their small and isolated universe. Not only does this make for narrowly focused and generally poorly-educated individuals, but it guarantees a sense of loss of community, often followed by a feeling of psychological displacement and personal dissatisfaction.
Without generalists, society becomes inward-looking and eventually inefficient. Without a society that recognizes the importance of broad-mindedness and for sharing generalities, individuals become isolated. Thus, while our form of society necessitates
英语专八写作技巧 (1)审题 在写作考试中要写出符合题目要求。高质量的作文，第一步是审题。所谓审题，就是通过阅读写作题目及相关信息或要求，准确领会 题目的含义，了解题目要求，为构思合乎具体写作要求的文章思路及 框架打下基础。数年来TEM-8写作项目已形成自身的特色。这个特色 就是，该项目内的几个部分（观点、情景、标题、写作要求）具有内 在的联系，从而构成一个整体。所以，审题就意味着不是仅仅浏览一 个标题，而是要兼顾其他部分。只有这样，学生才能真正明确写作目的，领会写作要求。 以TEM-8—1997的写作项目为例。该年的标题是 SOWING THE SEEDS，NURTURING GROWTH AND HEARVESTING THE REWARDS。如果我们 孤立地看题目的话，就很难领会该篇作文的具体要求和目的。但是， 一旦我们把标题与前面的情景与观点部分联系起来，这个标题的含义 就变得清晰：它要求学生用标题所含的耕作过程来比拟获得大学学业 成就的过程。同时，对具体语篇模式的要求（即ANALOGY）也显示在这部分中间。至于对作文修辞框架的要求，则出现在标题下面的一段文 字中。总来说之，提升审题的准确性有利于学生理解题目含义，了解 写作要求，进而有针对性地构思作文内容、布局等。不过，在历年写 作阅卷中我们发现，审题有误仍是学生经常犯的错误之一。 归纳起来有以下几点： 1）不熟悉TEM-8写作的设计特点，以为只看标题即可着手写作。这常常导致在文章内容上出现严重偏差。 2）对情景观点部分的理解一知半解，未经仔细斟酌就提笔写作文。这往往会造成学生采用错误的语篇模式。 3）忽略写作项目中对作文修辞框架的提示。这容易使得作文思路 或结构混乱或失衡。?
英语专八写作经典句型20例 一、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much. （再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ the + ~ est +名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) ~~~ the most +形容词+名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我以前遇到最仁慈的教师。 四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...） 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧 专题（八）强调倒装虚拟句型+丰富文章细节的手段 特殊句型是英语书面表达中的高级句式，其中强调句和倒装句是较为常见的特殊句型。而虚拟语气也是高中较难掌握的句型之一。它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。 一．重点突出的强调句型 （一）强调句的基本句式结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。它可以强调除谓语动词外的其它任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。在续写和概写中灵活运用强调句不仅能突出重点、增强表达，更能彰显考生的英语运用能力。 It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. (2019年浙江高考书面表达) 在写作中运用强调句型可以采取以下步骤： 1.在一个写好的句子中找出需要强调的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等； 2.根据句子的时态确定is或was； 3.然后把要强调的成分套进句式里，It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。 例：We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness. 如果我们要强调状语，即with sincerity and faithfulness，在确定好时态was后，把需要强调的部分放在it was后，that后放除强调外的剩余成分便得到： It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. （二）强调句常用句式 1. It is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 It is on the playground this Friday afternoon that a volleyball game will be held. (2019全国一卷书面 表达) It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided. (2017年浙江高考书面表达) 2. Is/was it + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 Was it in the park that the children saw the strange green objects? 3.特殊疑问词+ is/was it + 被强调的部分+ 句子其它成分 When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher? 4.It is/was not until that + 句子其它成分
专八写作必备高分句型 1. In recent years， many Chinese families have owned cars (computers/mobile phones/video cameras/houses/... ). 2. Recently the issue of... has been brought to public attention. (Currently there is a widespread concern that... /Now people in growing number are coming to realize that... ) 3. Nowadays， a heated debate (discussion) about the accession to WTO (private cars/stocks/brain-drain/Chinas football/... ) is under way in China. 4. As the market economy (the legal system/the living standard/the higher education system/the highway network/the infrastructure/...) improves in China，free competition will increasingly replace all sorts of monopolies. 5. One great man said that... 6. As the public awareness of the market economy (population control/socialism and communism/wildlife preservation/environmental protection/higher education/human rights/anti-monopoly/creativity/competition/laws and regulations/...) heightens， the gap between China and the developed countries will gradually vanish (many social problems will be solved gradually). 7. Recently，extensive studies (statistics/surveys/investigations/...) show (reveal/indicate/demonstrate/prove/...) that 07 Chinese cities and 23 small towns suffer water shortages.
8个世界文案大师创作技巧 你是不是在为怎样写好一篇博文伤透了你的心.你是不是在为怎样写好一篇文章烦恼.今天分享下8个世界文案大师写作的技巧来帮助你写作. 1.被阅读第一 请问你写博文和文章第一个目的是什么,你知道吗？被阅读放在第一位,所以你写的文章的要让读者看起来,通俗易懂,清楚、简洁,要让读者看起来有一种养眼的感觉.你要注意你的字体的大小,你要注意字与字之间的行间距,不要让你的读者看你的文章很累，这样他很容易放弃阅读你的文章,假如没有人阅读你写的文章,一切都白费. 2.组织您的想法 你自已有没有这样的经历,有时在你散步时突然来了灵感,你的头脑里出现了一个很好写作话题或一个很好的创意,或者在你喝酒以后产生一个很好的灵感,马上从你的头脑里想起了一个好的写作话题,还有在你清早起床时,自已的头脑马上想起一个很有创意的写作话题,在这里我教你一个我自已的技巧,在你睡觉以前,大量阅读相关的书,早上起来就会从你的头脑里产生一些特别的写作灵感.这个时候你需要拿起笔把自已的这些灵感记下来,如果你在家的话,你应马上顺着这个思路写下去,写出一篇特别有创意的文章,你要随身带一本笔记本,记下自已突然来的灵感. 3.写短的段落.
如果你认真看报纸你就会发现,报纸排版的格式都是短的段落,因为这样人们更容易阅读,我们的大脑更喜欢接受很短的信息，把整篇文章分成若干小块更有利于阅读、理解、记忆,因为人们的大脑不喜欢接受很复杂的事情,不喜欢看那些长篇大论，在你写博文时,应把你写的整篇博文,分成多段落.我写的这篇博文就分了8个小段落. （作为一个广告新人，你是否也曾经疑惑过，你适合做广告吗？ 作为一个广告新人，你是不是也很需要一些相关的广告资源、案例？ 作为一个广告新人，你是不是也曾经看过一些书，但却感觉没找到广告的窍门？ 作为一个广告新人，你是不是也曾经关注过一些博客、微信公众号？你是不是觉得他们很厉害，却感觉自己学不来？ 没关系，这里有一个专门为广告新人设计的微信公众号【guanggaoxinxianren】，每天分享各种干货案例，无论你是广告设计师、文案、网络编辑、新媒体营运还是策划，只要你是新人都可以关注我们！就算你不是新人，只要是对广告有兴趣的外行人也可以关注我们。各位广告老手，你们喜欢也可以关注我们。 在这里，我们每天都会更新广告百科以及关于广告设计、各种类型文案（医疗、房地产、新媒体、电商等）、营销策划等各方面的经验干货，每日还有搞笑广告视频欣赏。 现在关注我们公众号，回复【十万个广告】、【广告秘籍】即可免费获得十万广告案例、各种广告电子书。 搜索guanggaoxinxianren，关注广告新鲜人，一键新人变老手~） 4.使用短句. 如果你认真看我写的销售信,在里面使用了大量短句,很简单这一切是为了让读者,容易阅读,文案写作第一要素就是阅读第一.例如:stop.你现在可以放松.不要急,我将为你马上揭开这个秘密,这一些都是短句. 5.写的更具体.
英语考试作文 2019专八写作满分经验以及技巧心得 1、注重写好文章的框架 我曾经问过我的外教老师，外国人看文章最注重的是什么，他告诉我说是文章的framework.即一篇文章好不好，首先看的不是他的句型，词汇，或是论点等。而是段落之间的衔接一定要十分清楚，我们不能老是采用大三段的形式-开头，经过，结尾。我们可以多用用连接词，例如：first of all, moreover, secondly, lastly等，另外可以多分自然段，给考官一目了然的感觉。还有我们可以多看看国外的文章，看看他们的写作模式，我当初写文章的时候，用的就是我看到一篇国外文章的模式，我觉得可以套用，我最后介绍给大家。 2、句型的多样化 如果一篇文章，从头到尾，永远用的只有一种句型，那么这篇文章一定拿不到高分，我们可以适当的改换一下句型，我给大家一定建议，希望给大家有点帮助。 3、基本句型包括Ⅰ.主谓句;Ⅱ. There be;Ⅲ.主系表结构的句子;Ⅳ.被动语态(我看到一张帖字说，不要用被动，我不这样认为，国外的文章，用被动的也比比皆是。) 4、复杂句型包括Ⅰ.并列句;Ⅱ.从句(定语，状语，名
词性，非谓语) 5.词汇的Variety 说实话做到这点真的很难，首先你要有庞大的词汇量，第二你要用的恰当，不出错误。我自认做不到这点，所以我用的词汇有时候会重复。当然大家可以累计一些固定搭配的词汇，例如：激烈的竞争fierce competition等 6、多举EXAMPLE(重要) 大家不要小看这点，我认为对于写作基础不是很好的考生来说，这点是最重要的。一篇文章如果让你从头到尾都在讲道理，你有这么多话要说吗?而且有时候还不一定说的清楚。那么这时候你就用例子来表明你的观点。我认识一个朋友，可以说她的英语基础很差，但她的文章也拿了6分，我问她怎么写的，她告诉我说就是拼命的举例子。就这点我也曾问过我的外教老师，他曾是IELTS的考官，他说考官欢迎考生多举例子。 7、建议： 1)、写文章最关键的就是审题千万不要出错误，不然就前功尽弃了。 2)例如我积累的句子： Cultivate independence Develop a strong sense of responsibility Enhance social awareness Build up one’s confidence and offer one’s a sense
写作素材专辑8 写作素材专辑8 1、有了阳光 在报上读到一则史料性的消息，说是1972年新加坡旅游局曾给当时的总理李光耀打了一份报告，大意是说新加坡除了一年四季直射的阳光，什么名胜古迹都没有，要发展旅游事业实在是没有任何优势。据说李光耀看过报告后非常生气，在报告上批示道：你想让上帝给我们多少东西？阳光，阳光就足够了！一一后来，新加坡就利用那一年四季直射的阳光大量种植花草，很快发展成为世界著名的花园城市。 虽然知道李光耀的批语在更多意义上是一种政治性的指向，我还是为这句批语动容了。这句批语里可以解读出来的内涵深深地契合了我很喜欢的另一句诗：为了看看阳光，我来到世上。也让我想起《圣经》第一段里那单纯至极的叙述：“上帝说：要有光，就有了光。”上帝看光是好的，就把光暗分开了。上帝称光为昼，称暗为夜。有晚上，有早晨，这是头一日。 2、后悔 传说天上有位盲人王子，去寻找丢失人间的心爱公主。 因为公主身体有股兰花的馨香，所以王子就扮成乞丐走村串户，每到一位姑娘面前就深呼吸一次，然后转身走开。就这样，天天月月年年，不知走过多少姑娘身边，王子都没能如愿以偿。天长日久，深呼
吸已成了王子的一种习惯。后来，痴心不改的王子终于在一个河边小村与公主相遇，王子仍习惯性地深呼吸一次转身走开，公主由惊喜转为绝望，最后含泪投河而亡。当王子猛然意识到自己竟与公主失之交臂时，后悔已经来不及了…… 3、假如将DNA植入一棵树 不同植物之间的嫁接可能会产生新品种，那么，人与植物之间的“嫁接”会有什么奇迹出现？近日，两位英国大学生萌生了这一“荒唐”的念头，他们打算将含有人体基因的细胞植入普通树中，并声称这种“基因树”将从此带着人类的基因世世代代繁衍生息。 伦敦皇家艺术学院互动设计系学生齐治?特雷蒙和他的同伴计划在今年内种下第一棵“人体基因树”，目前正在申请有关机构的资助。26岁的特雷蒙在接受《泰晤士报》记者采访时兴奋地说：“如果我们能将自己的基因传给树，那么我们的生命便得到了延续，这将是一种崭新的传宗接代方式。 更有意思的是，如果把人的基因嫁接在果树上，比如苹果树，结出来的苹果中自然会含有基因捐献者的DNA也许有一天，我们可以将逝去亲人的DNA植入一棵桃树，而当春天桃花开满枝头时，站在树下的我们心中一定会别有一番感受，而这种感受肯定与瞻仰一座冷冰冰的墓碑大有不同。 4、三国孩子画苹果 美国孩子画苹果，由老师拎来鲜果一筐，由孩子任拿一个，便
二轮复习书面表达写作技巧之八：如何扩展句子 高考英语书面表达不仅规定了写作内容，还明确规定了词数，并在评分标准中指出，如果“词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分”。但在实际阅卷过程中，如果词数过少，扣掉的不止是2分。因为篇幅过短，不能吸引阅卷老师细看以便查找诸如“高级词汇”“较高级结构”等“加分点”，自然影响得分档次。 在试题“注意”中有明确规定：“1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯”。这里既规定了词数，又指定了充实文章的方法，即“适当增加细节”。“适当增加细节”其中很重要的一个方法就是——追加成分。 目的扩展句子，充实文章 方法在要点句基础上适当增加合乎逻辑的附加成分，如定语(从句)、状语(从句)(如目的、条件、原因、结果、方式等)、非谓语结构、独立主格结构、举例等，使表达更丰满，内容更充实，主题更突出 特色结构多变，句式多样 [典例观摩悟法] 1．(提醒演讲参赛选手)要守时、讲卫生、守纪律。 Please arrive on time, keep quiet and don't litter around. →Please arrive there on time, for whoever is late won't be allowed to enter. It's bad manners to litter around.And always
keep quiet while waiting for your turn. [分析] 原句虽然没有直译所给要点，且灵活化解了难点，但过于直白、语气较为生硬；而改写后的句子则进行了拓展，具体明确。如“for whoever is late ...”提醒参赛选手迟到后果的严重性；“It's bad manners ...”使用it作形式主语的句型，指出乱扔东西属于不礼貌行为；“while waiting for your turn”使用状语从句的省略形式，进行补充说明。因此，改写后的句子更充实，更适宜对参赛选手提建议的语境。 2．(演讲注意事项)要面带微笑；要讲慢些，讲清楚。 Be sure to wear a smile on your face.Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly. →Be sure to wear a smile on your face when you speak, which will make you relaxed.Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly so that you can leave a good impression on the audience and judges. [分析] 加彩部分是根据语境所追加的成分，如“which will make you relaxed”指出“演讲时微笑”的好处；“so that you can ...”为“讲慢些，讲清楚”的目的，留下好印象是“演讲”效果之一，也是能否获得评委青睐的因素之一。适当增加与所给信息相关的时间、原因、结果、条件、目的等成分来表达细节内容，能够使习作流畅、丰满，达到应有的表达效果。 [专题过关训练]
Topic 6 Usually, companies would like to employ experienced applicants. For many college students，they lay their emphasis on study，and the experience gained in internship is far from enough. Do you think that companies should exclude potential applicants just because they do not have enough experienced Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic ： Should Companies Only Focus on Experience? In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument，and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content，organization，grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 范文呈现 Should Companies Only Focus on Experience? As one researcher observed，“ At present many companies do not trust new graduates ,who may have learned mountains of theories but lack practical abilities.，’ For many companies, they would like to rank working experience as top requirement in their recruitment programs. But, as a matter of fact, college students have spent years in taking compulsory courses and selective courses, how can they accumulate required experience in college? They can not help wondering whether companies should lay their emphasis on experience when recruiting college graduates. As for me, companies' focus on experience is short-sighted，and hence companies should not only lay stress on experience. Firstly, what lies behind their focus on experience is the motivation to cut expenditure in employee training. Another consideration is that experienced employees can produce immediate profits. For those employers，they are more interested in making money in the present than cultivating talents for the long-term benefits. They seem to lack long-term strategies of company development. Generally speaking, prestigious companies that have lasted for a
中考语文| 满分作文8大技巧+50个金句 俗话说："织衣织裤，贵在开头；编筐编篓，重在收口。"一篇好文章，除了有引人入胜的开头，还应该有耐人寻味的结尾。所谓"豹尾"，便是指结尾时笔法要简洁、明快、干净利落，犹如豹尾劲扫，响亮有力，给读者以咀嚼回味的余地。 一、首尾相应结构严谨 1. (开头)在城市尽头，没有繁华的街市，闪亮的霓虹；在城市的尽头，只有破旧的棚户区，有饱经生活风霜的生命；在城市的尽头、有他们这样一群人。 (结尾)太阳从地平线上升起，照亮了城市的尽头，照亮了他们的生活。 他们，终将会成为我们。(《他们》) 2. (开头)站在塞纳河畔，可以触摸巴黎时尚而又典雅的脉搏；身处第五大道、可以感受纽约华丽而又绚烂的气息；漫步银座街头，可以领略东京古老而又现代的文化；停留黄浦江边，可以体味上海兼容而又独特的精神…… (结尾)我在无限的思考中面对都市，触摸它的外壳，也渴望触摸它的灵魂。但愿有朝一日它的内质可以像外壳一样美丽动人，但愿有朝一日那些虚假与轻浮都会变得真实与坚固，但愿是"云销雨霁，彩彻分明"，但愿我们可以重新触摸到都市那由内而外的如花般缩放的美丽。(《触摸都市》) 3. (开头)窗外风儿清清，鸟儿啁啾。窗内阳光跳动，梦儿甜甜。时间之舟悄悄驶进梦境，拉开惺忪的眼帘。生活的风车每天都周而复始的转动，而我却不感觉到那是一座褪色的雕塑，因为感动每天与我同行。 生活中处处存在着感动，哪怕是一草一木，一花一石。带着感动出发，我发现生活之河中，每一种水滴碰撞声都是那样清脆悦耳。 (结尾)带着感动出发，每一天都会将行囊充实，无论是喜还是忧。我都会觉得那是自己阅历上的一个个字码。(《带着感动出发》) 4. (开头)人类不竭的欲望是推动历史车轮滚滚前进的原动力。 欲望来自哪儿？来自人类生而拥有的--好奇心。 (结尾)好奇心--它在推动世界进步的同时，也在积蓄着毁灭世界的力量。 对待这一颗颗仍在膨胀的好奇心，我们应当何去何从？(《好奇心》) 5. (开头)为什么？
专八写作经典万能句型 1) The most pressing question/task/problem/issue/matter for us to tackle , in my opinion/in fact, is... 依我看/实际上，我们所要处理的最紧迫的问题/任务/问题/事项/事情是，…… (e.g. The most pressing task for us to tackle, in my opinion, is to find new ways of making best of water resources now available.) 例：依我看，亟待我们完成的最紧迫的任务是，找到能够充分利用我们现有的水资源的新方法。 2) Our efforts/concern/attention/interest should be directed to... 我们应着力于/应将我们注重的目光/兴趣向（导向）……引导。 (e.g. Our efforts should be directed to what should be done to reverse the t rend.) 例：我们应着力于解决如何才能扭转这种趋势。 3) What we really/badly need now is... 我们真正需要/急需的是…… (e.g. What we really need now is to accept any suggestion conducive to the solution of the problem.) 例：我们现在真正需要的是接受任何有利于解决此问题的一切建议。 4) It is high time (that)...
英语专业八级写作应试方法 主要考点内容：作文题目、论据、论点。 作文一共30分，写出是否同意某一观点，1-10分；分析出因果关系，11-20分，两种观点二选其一并说明分析，21-30分。（例举出八个例子，均为专八考题或模拟题，必须一条一条列出来，这叫条理清晰） 作文中如果讨论原因，我们却大谈结果就犯了张冠李戴的错误，就会严重跑题。为了提高文章质量，我建议大家在做brainstorm时除了考虑直接简单的因果关系，还可以在深度和广度上做一些努力。比如说考虑社会全国、全球范围的因果关系或者文化道德传统层次的因果关系，这样经常能保证文章内容的优势，从而我们赢得高分。从经验上看，最好的搭配是两个直接原因或结果，加上一个间接原因和结果。在结论段中，如果文章是谈某个问题的原因，我们可以提出一些建议。而如果是谈结果，我们就可以讨论意义及解决这个问题可以带来很多好处。 这些题目都是自己通过做真题，仔细梳理出来的，希望对大家有所帮助。 一、My opinion on campus disciplines. 1．first，these disciplines are necessary to establish a proper environment for teaching and learning. 2．are necessary to prepare students for the their future career.
3．are also necessary for the sound development of the society。 二、Should student read the literature works？ 1．reading literary works helps students with their study 2．is helping students cultivate themselves 3．is necessary for carrying on human culture。 三、Enjoyable teaching is necessary。 1．student can remember better， 2．enjoyable teaching can also help students avoid various distractions。 3．can help establish good teacher-student relationship 四、On student lovers’living together, i don’t think it is advisable for sb to…。 1．it's not true that living together can help study better。 2．it's is not true that living together can release their lonliness and pressure。 3．it's not true that living together can end in marriage。 五、The multiple-choice test that is a harmful to students。 1．the multiple -choice test makes it confident for students to cheat。 2．the multiple- choice test encourages guessing。 3．Last and alsothe most important, cannot test the many of the important skill that are taught.
初二语文作文技巧训练总汇(8)教案 技巧一：写外貌不用“有” 作文如何写外貌? 孩子的作文里总会看到类似这样的句子：“××可漂亮了，她有一头卷卷的黄头发，有一双乌黑的葡萄般的大眼睛，有一个高高的鼻子，还有一张樱桃小嘴。”如果你试着让他们去掉文中的“有”，把文字重新串联一遍，会发现作文顺了很多。写上段文字的同学经蒋老师指导后修改如下：“××可漂亮啦。一头卷卷的黄头发自然地披在肩上。她的眼睛太吸引人了，乌黑乌黑葡萄一般。高高的鼻子，和樱桃小嘴配合起来，有点混血的味道，同学们可喜欢她啦。”是不是读起来舒服多了?同样，在描写动物外貌时也可以用到这个方法，如：毛黄白相间，耳朵尖尖地向上竖起……而不是写成：它有一身黄白相间的毛，有一对尖尖的耳朵……。 强化辩证思维 强化思维，同学们不妨试一试下面的方法： 初二语文作文技巧训练总汇(8)教案 1、有理有据的梳理 把社会生活、家庭生活、校园生活中大家比较关注的问题作个梳理，对这些问题先想一想，再拿来与同学，或家长展开有理有据的交流、辩论。 2、记录正反面的感知与体验 把自己对事情的真实感知和体验，包括质疑和反面观点求证的过程，也就是自己思维的过程和结论记录下来，整理成以“生活与思考”为主题的文章。 3、揣摩优秀作文 面对优秀作文的题目，你先尝试着立意、选材、构思，然后看原文和点评，相互对照。 这样，可以帮助自己找到思维过程中，或条理混乱，或简单化、片面化的缺陷，从而克服思维的肤浅和脱离实际，不解决实际问题的倾向，有效地巩固并深化思维的成果，并将其内化为自己的思维方法和正确的认识，情感态度和价值观，变成自己的真知灼见和真情实感。 02 激活新鲜素材 同学们都想努力做到作文见解新颖，材料新鲜，给读者以耳目一新的冲击力和震憾力。这就要求同学们不断感知、体验新鲜经验和新鲜信息。 1.感知体验生活 有意识地在生活实践和课外阅读中仔细观察自然、观察社会，尤其是多观察各种各样的人，深入细致地体验生活、体验“喜怒哀乐忧”等各种情感，并把自己拥有的新鲜材料激活。 2.开阔视野 从阅读和生活中尽可能开阔视野，拓展知识、增加积累、深入体验，才可能做到临场发挥“左右逢源”、“为我所用”。也只有通过人物自身的、具体可感的言行和生动传神的细节描写，才能达到形象丰满、有血有肉的效果。 3.表现自己的个性 作文，追求和表现自己的个性，有了新鲜的材料，还要下功夫联系自己思想实际和生活实际来立意，做到这一点，写出自己的真情实感和真知灼见就很容易了。 初二语文作文技巧训练总汇(8)教案 03 反复锤炼语言 语言是为内容服务的。运用的语言鲜活而富有个性风格，就会使文章大放异彩。写作训
写好专八作文简单易懂的20字诀 Agreeme nt:主语和谓语在人称、数上的一致，关系代词与先行词的一致。 Ambiguity: 尽量不去使用可能引起歧义的词语或句子。 Brief: 文章"简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。 Cohere nee:文理通顺，前后连贯。 Developme nt:主题的发挥应当充分、合理、正确。 Division: 词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和种子片段。Figures:正确合理使用各类修辞格式。 In flated dictio n: 不使用做作的语言。 Key:用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。 Logical:内容要符合逻辑。 Message :信息要新鲜、确实、可信。 Omit:合理删除多余的不必要部分。 Propositio n: 主张、观点、论述要清楚肯切、合情入理。 Pun ctuatio n: 正确适时使用标点符号。 Releva nt: 文章一定要要题。 Sentence pattern: 句型要尽量多样化。 Straight: 开门见山，直来直去。 Style:文体恰切，适合内容要求。 Tense:动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。 Theme:选题得当，主题突出。
专八写作技巧：开篇模板精选 1. With the (rapidly) grow ing popularity of Internet surfi ng ( computers /cars/mobile phones/pagers/.PDP television/... ) in China , the quality of our lives is improving for the better. 2. With the (rapid) growth of our economy ( heavy industries/transportation system/market econo my/populati on/private en terprises/hous ing in dustry/... ) , an in creas ing nu mber of problems , such as (water shortages/traffic jams/i ndustrial polluti on/ waste of en ergy/desert spreadi ng/... ) , are begi nning to surface. 3. As the proverb says... ( It goes without saying that... /Generally speaking , /It is ofte n said that...) has no International prestige/education is of vital importanee/...). 4. With the (rapid) developme nt of scie nee and tech no logy ( market econom y/electr onic in dustry/i nformati on in dustry/higher educati on/...) an increasing number of people come to realize that (knowledge is power/a weak nation 5. Curren tly , there is a widespread concern over drug abuse (high un employme nt rate/wildlife exti nctio n/environmen tal polluti on /desertificati on/organi zed crime/widespread corruptio n/en ergy crisis/water shortages/traffic jams/in creas ing traffic accide nts/...). 6. It is quite clear that (Them is no doubt that/ Some people believe that).. because... 7. There is a wide spread concern that many large state-owned companies are in deficit (quite a few Chin ese cities face the problem of water shortages , in dustrial pollution and waste of energy/various kind of superstition flare up/...) 8. The gover nment is (We are) seriously concerned with wildlife ext in cti on (drug abuse/widespread corrupti on/orga ni zed crimes/high un employme nt rate/...). 9. Many people often ask such question: ” ... ' ? ( More and more people have come to realize...) 10. In the past two decades ( In the past five years) , millions of private en terprises( private schools/supermarkets/fast food restaura nts/... ) have mushroomed all over China.
英语专八写作技巧 ⑴写作能力的培养要从最基本概念做起，一步一个脚印，扎实地进行基本功训练。 ⑵就ＴＥＭ⑻写作项目方案而言，要提高驾驭文章整体思路的能力就要加强逻辑思维训练，通过各类写作手法的操练来提高这方面的能力。此外，要提高语言的准确性，学会使用各种语篇纽带，如ＬＯＧＩＣＡＬ、ＧＲＡＭＭＡＴＩＣＡＬ、ＳＥＭＡＮＴＩＣＣＯＮＮＥＣＴＯＲＳ，使精选作文思路清晰，论点鲜明，例证充分，语言得体，真正到达写作的要求(1)审习题 在写作考试中要写出符合习题目要求。高质量的精选作文，第一步是审习题。所谓审习题，就是通过阅读写作习题目及相关信息或要求，正确领会习题目的含义，了解习题目要求，为构思合乎详细写作要求的文章思路及框架打下基础。数年来ＴＥＭ⑻写作项目方案已形成本身的特色。这个特色就是，该项目方案内的几个部分（观点、情景、题目、写作要求）具有内在的联络，从而构成一个整体。因此，审习题就意味着不是仅仅阅读一个题目，而是要兼顾其他部分。只有这样，学生才能真正明确写作目的，领会写作要求。 以ＴＥＭ⑻—1997的写作项目方案为例。该年的题目是ＳＯＷＩＮＧＴＨＥＳＥＥＤＳ，ＮＵＲＴＵＲＩＮＧＧＲＯＷＴＨＡＮＤＨＥＡＲＶＥＳＴＩＮＧＴＨＥＲＥＷＡＲＤＳ。假如我们孤立地看习题目的话，就很难领会该篇精选作文的详细要求和目的。
但是，一旦我们把题目与前面的情景与观点部分联络起来，这个题目的含义就变得清晰：它要求学生用题目所含的耕作过程来比拟获得大学学业成就的过程。同时，对详细语篇模式的要求（即ＡＮＡＬＯＧＹ）也显示在这部分中间。至于对精选作文修辞框架的要求，则出现在题目下面的一段文字中。总而言之，提高审习题的准确性有利于学生理解习题目含义，了解写作要求，进而有针对性地构思精选作文内容、布局等。然而，在历年写作阅卷中我们发现，审习题有误仍是学生经常犯的错误之一。 归纳起来有以下几点： 1）不熟悉ＴＥＭ⑻写作的设计特点，以为只看题目即可着手写作。这常常导致在文章内容上出现严重偏差。 2）对情景观点部分的理解一知半解，未经认真推敲就提笔写精选作文。这往往会造成学生采用错误的语篇模式。 3）忽略写作项目方案中对精选作文修辞框架的提示。这容易使得精选作文思路或构造混乱或失衡。? (2)行文的统一性和连接性 一篇优秀的精选作文应该具有以上两个特点。就ＴＥＭ⑻写作项目方案而言，这主要体现在精选作文的内容和框架上。按照写作要求，一篇合格的精选作文由三个部分组成。第一部分包括作者的论点（ＴＨＥＳＩＳＳＴＡＴＥＭＥＮＴ）。论点应明确、清楚。第二部分是精选作文的主体。这部分的要求是通过得当、适宜的语篇模式（如：ＣＡＵＳＥＡＮＤＥＦＦＥＣＴ，ＣＯＭＰＡＲＩＳＯＮＡＮＤ