汤姆去年转来我校，他全神贯注地听杨小姐上课并很快成了她最喜欢的学生。
Tom (was) transferred to our school last year. He hung no Miss Young’s every word in class and soon became the apple of her eye.
看到女儿高中毕业，他感到一阵难以弄语言表达的爱和骄傲。
Seeing his daughter graduate from high school, he felt a surge of love and pride that he couldn’t express in words.
当李先生去年开始涉足股市时，他做梦也没想到会变成百万富翁。
Last year when Mr. Li first began his venture into the stock market, becoming a millionaire was beyond his wildest dreams.
在休假日，我有幸看到一些野生海豹在吃鱼。我拍了几张照片，可惜焦点都没对准。
On my holiday, I was lucky enough to witness some wild seals feeding no fish. I took several photos of them, but unfortunately they were all out of focus.
王子跟那位女演员保持确定的情侣关系已三年。没有任何东西能改变他们在下周结婚的决定。
The prince has been going steady with the actress for three years and nothing can alter their plan to get married next week.
因为穷人连饭都吃不饱便认为他们不需要义务教育的看法完全是一种错误的想法。没有教育人们怎能克服贫穷？
It is a complete misconception that the poor do not need compulsory education because they do not even have enough to feed on. Without education, how can people ever overcome their poverty?
大卫所有的同班同学都困惑不解——没有人想得出他怎么突然变成了优等生。
All of David’s classmates are completely stumped—no one can work out how he became a top student overnight.
很明显，她拒绝他的求婚给了他沉重的打击，但他最终还是从痛苦中恢复了过来。
Obviously, her rejection of his proposal hit him hard, but in time he recovered from his wounds.
Unit 2
独立生活的能力对于任何一个成年人来说都是必不可少的，但真正的成熟远远不只是一整套的生存策略。The ability to fend for oneself is indispensable to any adult, but real maturity is more than just a set of survival strategies.
孩子们在儿童节有资格免费进入每一个城市公园。这是对他们全年长期呆在学校里的一种补偿。
On Children’s Day, kids are entitled to free entry to all the city parks. It’s a your grades are suffering.
你更注重个人的生活而不是学习，难怪你的成绩下降了。
You’re giving more priority to your personal life than to your studies. No wonder y our grades are suffering.
鉴于当今社会大多数的妇女在外谋职，很自然她们反对丈夫把她们作为管家来对待。
Given that most women nowadays have jobs outside the home, it’s natural that they object to their husbands treating them like housekeepers.
美国的不少百万富翁都至少拥有两座房子和一架私人飞机。
Quite a number of American millionaires own at least two houses and a private plane.
当约翰从癌症中意外地康复时，他的医生把此归功于他坚强的毅力和对未来的信念。
When John recovered unexpectedly from cancer, his doctors attributed it to his strong will and faith in the future.没有任何实际理由要保留为女性开门的那种习俗，更不用说保留“妇女和儿童优先”的传统了。
There’s no practical reason to perpetuate the custom of opening doors for women, let alone the tradition of “women and children first.”
许多女权主义者反对男人养育孩子不如女人的想法。
Many feminists object to the notion that men can’t nurture children as well as women can.
我们不久就对她无休止地抱怨感到厌倦，并尽量避开她。
We soon grew wary of her constant complaints, and avoided her as much as possible.
市长将在今天下午主持会议，为建设一条新公路的规划作准备。
The mayor will preside over a meeting this afternoon that will pave the way for plans to build a new highway.
如果我们有更多的时间可支配，我会带你上这座山。从山顶上四下观望真令人惊叹。
If we had more time at our disposal, I’d take you up this mountain. The view from the top is truly awe-inspiring.任何热爱生活的人都不难发现鸟类迁徙中的象征性美和实际美。
Anyone who is in love with life will have no difficulty in finding the symbolic as well as the actual beauty in the migration of eh birds.
观看壮观的潮涨潮落景色使我感到一种在其他地方感受不到的内心的满足。
Watching the magnificent view of the ebb and flow of the tides fills me with an inner contentment that I find nowhere else.
他的不幸激起了听众深深的同情。他们热切地想帮他抚平心头的创伤。
His misfortune aroused great sympathy among the listeners, who are keen to help heal his mental wounds.
对一个门外汉来说，要认识霍金博士研究的重要性也许是困难的或不可能的，但它肯定会对我们的生活产生经久的影响。
Recognition of the importance of Dr. Hawkin’s research may be difficult or impossible for a l ayman, but it is sure to have a lasting impact on our lives.
史密斯先生早就希望能有机会向四周的年轻人讲述他的登月经历，但他一直没有足够的支配时间。Mr. Smith has long wished for a chance to relate his lunar landing experience to the young people around him, but he never has enough time at his disposal.
Unit 4
我们想提醒亲爱的观众，敬请体谅他人，在晚上十点以后调低你的电视机音量。
We’d like to remind our viewers to be considerate to your neighbors and keep your TVs turned down after 10 p.m.
我希望我的忠告对处于压力下的学生们会起作用：前面的路充满了不能遇见的机遇。
I hope my advice will work with students under pressure—the road ahead is full of unforeseen opportunities.
顺便说一句，琳达是个腼腆的人，在那么多的生人面前讲话，她会感到不自然。
Incidentally / By the way, Linda is a shy person who might feel uneasy about speaking in the presence of so many strangers.
要在学习上取得进步，学生需要具备独立学习的技能而不是事事都依靠教师。
In order to get ahead in their studies, students need to equip themselves with independent—study skills instead of relying on their teachers for everything.
现在的年轻人变得老成，他们确信成就是以拥有多少财产来衡量的。
Young people nowadays are growing up old, with the conviction that achievement is measured by how many possessions one owns.
许多学生为他们利用课余时间打工辩解，说这会减少他们的经济压力。
Many students justify their working part time by saying that it reduces their economic pressure on them.
你现在必须马上做的是填好在你来时给你的表格。
What you need to do right now is to fill in the forms you were given when you arrived.
就事业本身而言，需要一个人毕生的奉献，但是这并不意味着进入一种职业后就要坚持不懈地一直干下去。
A career in itself requires one’s lifelong devotion, but it does not mean that after you get into a profession you must continue in that same one all along.
为了帮助外国投资者更好地了解上海，他们根据能找到的各种资料来源汇编了这本小小的指南。
To help foreign investors get a better understanding of Shanghai, they’ve compiled this little guide from the various sources they could find.
他是那种在计划实现之后才让大家知道的那种人。
He’s the sort of person who prefers to keep his plans to himself until they’re realized.
我千里迢迢到纽约来看他，结果却发现他两天前出国了。
I came to New York from far away to see him, only to find he had gone abroad two days before.
现在很难想象没有电、没有电视、没有电话，我们是如何生存了如此之久的。
It is difficult to imagine now how we’ve survived f or so long without electricity, television or telephone.
只要钱是老老实实赚来的，新政策鼓励人们变得富有。
The new policy encourages people to become wealthy if the money has been acquired honestly.
如果我负责这个项目，我会更好地利用现有的资金。
If I were in charge of the project, I’d make better use of the money that’s available.
他们拒绝给他进入这个国家的签证，理由是他是个危险分子。
He was refused an entry permit on the grounds that he was a dangerous person.
老师没有多久就发现，汤姆总有迟交作业的借口。
It didn’t take the teacher long to catch on that Tom always had an excuse for being late with the assignments.
Unit 6
我真希望你对这一件事能采取一种更加通情达理的态度。
I wish you could adopt a more reasonable attitude towards the event.
在那次车祸中我的腿折断了，我儿子的腿也摔断了。
I broke my leg in the car accident and so did my son.
那位老妇人不胜悲伤，几乎不能自己走路了。
The old woman, overwhelmed by grief, could hardly/barely walk on her own.
在他过世五十年之后，他的成就才为社会所承认。
It was 50 years after his death that his accomplishments were acknowledged by society.
这是曾经是战火纷飞，现在却是一片和平与繁荣。
Where there were flames of war, now there are peace and prosperity.
他病得很重，他的病无药可治。
He is seriously ill and his disease defies the healing power of any medicine.
由于前途渺茫，一片空白，早年的希望逐渐消失，他对生活失去了信心。
He has lost confidence in life—the future has blurred and gone bland and his early hopes have faded into nothingness.
小汤姆意识到已无法改变这一严酷的现实：随着父母的突然去世，他的家庭已经破碎。
Little Tom realized that nothing could change the harsh reality that his family had fallen apart with his parents’ sudden deaths.
Unit 7
只要你喜欢你的业余爱好，那么你不必因为你自己水平一般而感到羞愧。别人怎么看你无关紧要。
As long as you enjoy your hobby, you don’t have to feel ashamed of being mediocre at it. It doesn’t matter what others think of you.
金钱在竞技体育中正显出其重要性，但我们必须确保它不会影响一些重要的东西。
Money is becoming a big deal in competitive sports, but we must make sure that it doesn’t get in the way of what’s important.
We all need some form of exercise every now and then to keep ourselves in good shape.
我一再说该是你整理自己房间的时候了，但你老是拖着。
I’ve said over and over it’s time you tidied up your room, but you keep putting it off.
一两年前他才开始学画画，所以技法还未达到专业水准。你能给他指点指点吗？
He only took up pai nting a couple of years ago, so his technique isn’t up to professional standards. Can you gibe him some instruction?
健康专家正试图通过宣传吸烟的种种害处来使人们戒烟。
Health experts are trying to discourage people from smoking by informing them of its dangers.
敬业当然是好的，但你不能让工作蚕食了你的全部休闲时间。
Being committed to your job is fine, of course, but you shouldn’t let work eat up all your leisure time.
对于我来说，工作和业余爱好都必须严肃认真地对待。
As far as I’m concerned, both jobs and hobbies should be seriously considered.
Unit 8
美国国家航空和航天局宣布，这次飞行任务长达九天，其明确目的之一将是研究太空飞行对衰老过程的影响。
NASA announced that one of the tangible objectives of this nine-day mission was to don research into the effects of space flight on the aging process.
在冷战期间，苏美两国在外层空间的开发活动方面投入了大量的资金。
During the Cold War era, the Soviet Union and the United States both spent substantial fund on space exploration.
总统关于削减政府社会福利支出的提议已经在公众中引起了很大的争议。
The President’s proposal to scale down/back the government’s social welfare spending has caused a great deal of controversy.
美国“发现”号航天飞机回到肯尼迪航天中心之前，佛罗里达恶劣的天气，加上舱门的故障，曾使安全着陆难以保证。
Before the American space shuttle Discovery returned to the Kennedy Space Center, the bad weather in Florida, coupled with the door trouble, put its safe landing in doubt.
迄今为止还没有充分证据表明火星上有生命，但这并不是说外层空间的研究没有科学价值。
So far there is little evide nce of life on Mars, but this doesn’t justify the conclusion that space research has no scientific value.
国际空间站是费用最为昂贵的太空探索项目，是有十六个国家参与的合作项目。
The International Space Station, a collaboration in which sixteen countries are taking part, is the most expensive space-exploration project ever undertaken.
这本书讲的是五十年代末，中国航天探索的先驱者在没有外国专家帮助的情况下，执着地进行研究的情况。
This book describes the period at the end of the 1950s when the pioneers of Chinese space exploration pressed ahead with their research without the help of foreign experts.
今年制造业创利已超过二千亿美元，占我国国内生产总值的一半。
This year the profits made in manufacturing industries have exceeded $200 billion, making up one half of our country’s GDP.
Unit1 翻译 1) 发言人（spokesman）明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消（cancel）这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel the trip under any circumstances. 2) 杰克对书架上那些书一本也不了解，所以他的选择是很随意的。 Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. 3) 随后发生的那些事件再次证明了我的猜疑（suspicions）是对的。(confirm) The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 4) 我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。 I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employment during their summer holidays. 5) 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长（governor）竟然是个贪官（corrupt official）。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to be a corrupt official. 6) 少数工人得到提升（be promoted），与此同时却有数百名工人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7) 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家了。(given) Given the chance, John might have become an outstanding painter. 8) 数小时后，有人看见那个男孩在林子里瞎转。 Several hours later, the boy was found wandering around in the woods. Unit2 翻译 迅速方便地获得信息是很重要，但学会以新的方式看信息甚至更为重要。医学上一次重大突破也许能说明这一观点。科学家本想寻找一种治天花的特效药，但他们没有成功。英国医生爱德华·詹纳放弃寻找特效药，而是通过找到一种
1.据史密斯教授说, 幸福就是你能充分利用你所有的一切。 Happiness, according to Prof. Smith, is the ability to make the most of what you have. 2.你是怎样设法说服这些学生修读快速阅读课的? How did you manage to persuade these students to take the speed-reading course? 3.你最好把这本书放在你15岁的儿子找不到的地方。 You'd better keep the book where your 15-year-old son can't get his hands on it. 4.她要求学生独立思考, 而不是告诉他们该思考什么。 She asked her students to think for themselves rather than telling them what to think 5.成绩优秀的学生未必比他们得分较低的同学在学习上花费更多的时间 High-achieving students do not necessarily put in more time on their studies than their lower-scoring classmates 6.汤姆是个非常好奇的男孩,他不仅对“是什么”感兴趣, 而且也对“为什么”和“怎么 会”感兴趣。 A very curious boy, Tom is interested not only in whats but also in whys and hows 7.用功是重要的, 但知道如何充分利用自己的才能更重要得多。 Working hard is important, but knowing how to make the most of one's abilities counts for much more 8.这故事非常滑稽, 比尔一边读一边不停地笑。 The story was so funny that Bill kept laughing all the time while reading it. 9.学好一门外语决非易事。尽管我已学了几年英语，我仍然不能有效地用这种语言表 达思想。 It's no simple/easy matter to learn a foreign language well. Even though I have learned English for a few years, I still can't express myself effectively in the language. 10.我希望你不仅仅是同意或不同意我的想法，我需要你给我提忠告、出主意等。 I don't want you simply to agree or disagree with me. I need someone who can give me good advice, ideas, and so on 11. 自我们的收音机停止生产后，我们已转产移动电话(mobile phones)。 Since our production of radios came to a halt, we have switched to the
U n i t1 1. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静，但是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。
U8 A 1 在过去的30年里，作为一个专业的大提琴演奏家，我花了相当于整整20年时间在路上执行和学习音乐传统和文化。我的旅行使我相信在我们的全球化的世界中，文化传统来自于一个身份、社会稳定和富有同情心的互动的基本框架。 2 世界在快速改变，正如我们一定会创造不稳定的文化，让人质疑他们的地方。全球化使我们服从于别人的规则，这往往会威胁到个人的身份。这自然使我们紧张，因为这些规则要求我们改变传统习惯。所以如今全球领导者的关键问题是：如何使习惯和文化发展到融入更大的行星，同时不必牺牲鲜明特色和个人的骄傲？ 3 我的音乐旅程提醒了我，全球化带来的相互作用不只是摧毁文化；他们能够创造新的文化，生机，传播存在已久的传统。这不像生态“边缘效应”，它是用来描述两个不同的生态系统相遇发生了什么，例如，森林和草原。在这个接口，那里是最小密度和生命形式的最大的多样性，每种生物都可以从这两个生态系统的核心作画。有时最有趣的事情发生在边缘。在交叉口可以显示意想不到的连接。 4 文化是一个由世界每个角落的礼物组成的织物。发现世界的一种方式是例如通过深入挖掘其传统。例如音乐方面，在任何的大提琴演奏家的曲目的核心是由巴赫大提琴组曲。每个组件的核心是一个称为萨拉班德舞曲的舞蹈动作。这种舞蹈起源于北非的柏柏尔人的音乐，它是一个缓慢的、性感的舞蹈。它后来出现在西班牙，在那里被禁止，因为它被认为是下流的。西班牙人把它带到了美洲，也去了法国，在那里成为一个优雅的舞蹈。在1720年，巴赫公司的萨拉班德在他的大提琴组曲运动。今天，我扮演巴赫，一个巴黎裔美国人的中国血统的音乐家。所以谁真正拥有的萨拉班德？每一种文化都采用了音乐，使其具有特定的内涵，但每一种文化都必须共享所有权：它属于我们所有人。 5 1998年，我从丝绸之路发现在数千年来从地中海和太平洋许多文化间观念的流动。当丝绸之路合奏团执行，我们试图把世界上大部分集中在一个阶段。它的成员是一个名家的同等团体，大师的生活传统是欧洲、阿拉伯、阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚、波斯、俄罗斯、中亚、印度、蒙古、中国、韩国或日本。他们都慷慨地分享他们的知识，并好奇和渴望学习其他形式的表达。 6 在过去的几年里，我们发现每一个传统都是成功的发明的结果。确保传统的生存的一个最好的方法是由有机进化，目前利用我们所有可用的工具。通过录音和电影；通过驻在博物馆、大学、设计学校和城市；通过表演从教室到体育场，合奏的音乐家，包括我自己，学习有用的技能。回到家中，我们和其他人分享这些技能，确保我们的传统在文化桌上有一席之地。 7 我们发现，在本国执行传统出口的是国外激励从业者。最重要的是，我们对彼此的音乐发展出了激情，并建立了相互尊重、友谊和信任的纽带，每一次我们都在舞台上这都是可触及的。这种欢乐的互动是为了一个理想的共同的更大的目标：我们始终能够通过友好的对话解决任何分歧。我们相互开放，我们形成一个桥进入陌生的传统，驱逐往往伴随着变化和错位的恐惧。换句话说，当我们扩大我们看世界的镜头的时候，我们更好地了解自己，自己的生活和文化。我们与我们的小星球的遥远的行星有更多的共同分享，而不是我们意识到的。 8 发现这些共同的文化是很重要的，但不只是为了艺术的缘故。所以我们的许多城市，不仅是伦敦，纽约，东京，现在即使甚至是中小城市正在经历着移民潮。我们将如何吸取同化有自己独特的习惯的人群？移民不可避免地会导致抵抗和冲突，就像过去一样？有什么关于德国的土耳其人口的阿尔巴尼亚人在意大利，北非人在西班牙和法国？文化繁荣的引擎可以帮助我们找出如何集合可以和平融合，同时不牺牲个性身份。这不是政治正确性。它是关于对人而言什么是珍贵的承认，和每一个文化已经给予我们世界的礼物。
Unit1翻译 1) 我们接到通知，财政部长将于次日接见我们。 We were informed that the Minister of Finance was to give us an audience /receive us the next day. 2) 我觉得很奇怪，他似乎不记得自己的生日。 I thought it odd that he didn't seem to remember his own birthday. 3) 学期论文最迟应在下星期二交来，可是至今大部分学生却几无进展。 Next Tuesday is the deadline for handing in the term papers, but most students have hardly made a dent in the work so far. 4) 看到学生人数不断减少，校长心里很难受。(pain) It pained the headmaster to find the number of students shrinking. 5) 在那个国家一般用现金付账，但支票变得普遍起来了，不久会代替现金作为人们结账的一种方式。 Cash is commonly used in paying bills in that country, but checks are becoming more popular and will, in a short while, replace cash as a way for people to settle their accounts. 6) 该公司声称，这条河流的污染不是它造成的。 The company claims that it is not responsible for the pollution in the river. Unit2翻译 1) 比尔已是个成熟的小伙子，不再依赖父母替他做主。 Bill is a mature young man who is no longer dependent on his parents for decisions. 2) 这个地区有大量肉类供应，但新鲜果蔬奇缺。 There are abundant supplies of meat in this region, but fresh fruit and vegetables are scarce. 3) 工程师们依靠工人们的智慧发明了一种新的生产方法，使生产率得以提高。 Drawing on the wisdom of the workers, the engineers invented a new production method that led to increased productivity. 4) 他花了许多时间准备数学考试，因此当他获知自己只得了个B时感到有点失望。 He spent a lot of time preparing for his math exam. Hence he was somewhat disappointed to learn that he got only a B. 5) 我们有充裕的时间从从容容吃顿午饭。
U1 1对于网络课程，学生不仅可以选择何时何地学习，在回答问题之前他们还有时间思考答案。 Not only can students choose when and there to learn for an online course, nut they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply 2网上学习的想法使她非常兴奋，而他认为网上学习毫无意义和用处 She is excited by the idea of online learning while he considers it meaningless and useless. 3以英语为母语的人交谈是非常有益的体验，从中我们学到很多东西。 Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lost. 4如今，越来越多的人可以利用互联网查找他们需要的信息。 Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5他要她放弃工作在家照顾孩子，但是她觉得这个要求太过分了。 He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6既然我们已经学完了这门课程，就应该多做些复习。 Not that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. U3 即使报酬并不优厚, 我还是决定接受那个新职位。 I have decided to accept the new post, even though the job is not very well paid. 这项工作在实际开始干之前，一直被认为是十分简单的。 The job has been taken to be very simple until (it is) actually started. 既然你计划移居加拿大，你就必须努力适应冬季的严寒天气。 Now that you are planning to move to Canada, you must try to adjust to cold weather in winter. 他承诺帮助我们买下那幢房子，但有点勉强. He promised to help us to buy the house, but with a little reluctance. 这是一次重要的会议，请务必不要迟到。 This is an important meeting. Please see to it that you are not late for it. 他是个有经验的商人，做国际贸易已有好几年了。 He is an experienced businessman who has engaged in foreign trade for quite a few years. U4 她如此专心地读那本书，以至于有人进来她也没意识到。 he was so absorbed in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in. 他第一次会议就差不多迟到了一小时，给大家留下了一个很糟糕的印象。 He was late for almost an hour for the first meeting, leaving a bad impression on everyone. 不管是有意识还是无意识，我们往往会根据对方的眼神、面部表情、形体动作和态度对他们作出判断。Consciously or unconsciously, we make up our minds about people through their eyes, faces, bodies, and attitudes. 周教授一生都致力于语言教学事业。 Professor Zhou was committed to the cause of language teaching all his life. 许多指导性的书籍都会建议:要想给人留下好印象,其诀窍在于始终如一地保持最佳自我 Many how-to books advise that if you want to make a good impression,the trick is to be consistently you at your best. 媒体有时会传递含混不清的信息，但大多数人相信亲眼所见胜于耳闻。 The media sometimes sends mixed messages, but most people believe what they see over what they hear. U5 我希望我们的努力对预防艾滋病有所帮助。 I hope that the effort that we've made will be of some use to the battle against AIDS. 尽管地方性组织在同艾滋病作斗争方面做了很大的努力，农村地区艾滋病患者数量还在增长 Despite all the efforts from the local organizations in the battle against AIDS, the number of people in rural areas diagnosed with AIDS has been increasing. 请把电视关掉，因为噪音会使她，无法专心做作业。
学术英语（理工）课后英译汉练习答案 Text 1 1有些人声称黑客是那些扩宽知识界限而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“破碎者”才是真正的坏人。 2这可以指获取计算机系统的存储内容，获得一个系统的处理能力，或捕获系统之间正在交流的信息。 3那些系统开发者或操作者所忽视的不为人知的漏洞很可能是由于糟糕的设计造成的，也可能是为了让系统具备一些必要的功能而导致计划外的结果。 4另一种是预先设定好程序对特定易受攻击对象进行攻击，然而，这种攻击是以鸟枪式的方式发出的，没有任何具体目标，目的是攻击到尽可能多的潜在目标。 5另外，考虑安装一个硬件防火墙并将从互联网中流入和流出的数据限定在仅有的几个你真正需要的端口，如电子邮件和网站流量。 Text 2 1看似无害的编程错误可以被利用，导致电脑被侵入并为电脑蠕虫和病毒的繁衍提供温床。 2当一个软件漏洞被发现，黑客可以将漏洞变成一个侵入点，从而造成极大的破坏，在这之前，往往需要争分夺秒地利用正确的软件补丁来防止破坏的发生。 3最简单的钓鱼骗局试图利用迅速致富的伎俩诱使诈骗目标寄钱。但网络骗子们也变得越来越狡猾，最近的陷阱是通过发送客户服务的电子邮件让用户进入假银行或商 业网站，并在那里请他们“重新输入”他们的账户信息。 4间谍软件与垃圾邮件和钓鱼网络一起，构成了三个令人生厌的互联网害虫。尽管有些程序可以通过入侵软件漏洞从而进入电脑，但这些有害而秘密的程序通常会随着 其他通常是免费的应用软件侵入到计算机系统中。 5尽管因特网已经彻底改变了全球通讯，但是对于那些意图为了罪恶目的而利用网络力量的人和那些负责阻止这些网络犯罪的人来说，他们之间的较量才刚刚开始。Text 5 1.最近在《纽约时报》上刊登的一篇文章谈到了一种新计算机软件，该软件在瞬间就能通 过数以千计的法律文件筛选并寻找到那些可诉讼的条款，这为律师们节省了在阅读文件上所花费的数百小时。 2.他们主要靠耕种来养活自己，然后再多种一些用以物品交易或卖一些盈余 3.从事农业和畜牧业者的绝对数量大约在1910年时达到顶峰（约有1,100—1,200万）， 在此之后人数便急剧下降 4.这个故事总结了美国几个世纪以来的工作经历，从失业工人的层面上讲是悲剧，但从全 国劳动力的层面上讲是件好事。 5.人工智能是一种新的自动化技术吗？是一种削弱了曾经是20世纪末就业标志的脑力工 作的技术吗？是一种只会消除更好的工作机会的技术吗？ Text 6 1.就前者来说，玩家按照顺序移动，（那么）每个人都了解其他玩家之前的动作。就 后者而言，玩家同时做出动作，则不了解其他玩家的动作。 2.当一个人思考别人会如何反应的时候，他必须站在别人的角度，用和他们一样的思 考方式进行思考一个人不能将自己的推理强加在别人的身上。 3.尽管各位玩家同时做出动作，不知道其他玩家当前的动作，然而，每个玩家都必须
第一单元 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间 那场争执就此结束。 Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气 感到有点意外。 The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American. 3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。 Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone. 4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。 While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane. 5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。 The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself. 6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。 While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth. 7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？ What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home? 8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。 The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid 第二单元 1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution. 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. 3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight. 4) 委员会成员在新机场最佳选址(location) 这一问题上持有不同意见。 The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport. 5) 亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。 Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's. 6) 我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。 The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment. 7) 吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because as a soldier he had to obey the order.
Unit 1 1. sentences 1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age. 4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/ purchase it? 5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating. 2. passage translation To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English. Unit 2 1. Translate the Sentences 1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose. 2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly. 3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school. 4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life. 5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather
Unit1 1、任何年满18岁得人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote、 2、每学期开学前，这些奖学金得申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester、 3、遵照医生得建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking、 4、公园位于县城得正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town、 5、这所大学提供了我们所需得所有材料与设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire、 1、她们花了多年得时间寻找内心得平静，但就是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success、 2、这种新药得成功研制已经使许多疾病得治疗发生了根本性得变革。(revolutionize) The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases、 3、由于这个国家得经济不景气，这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of) The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country、 4、大学毕业后她成为了一名护士。她认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college、He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career、 5、她像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it、 Unit2
Reading 1 WHAT IS STRESS? The term stress has been defined in several different ways. sometimes the term is applied to stimuli or events in our environment that make physical and emotional demands on us, and sometimes it is applied to our emotional and physical reactions to such stimuli. in this discussion, we will refer to the environmental stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress. 压力这个词已经有几种不同的定义。有时候这个术语适用于我们环境中的刺激或事件，这些刺激或事件会对我们产生身体和情感方面的要求，有时也适用于我们对这种刺激的情绪和身体反应。在这个讨论中，我们将环境刺激或事件称为压力，并将情绪和身体上的反应称为压力。 Many sorts of events be stressors, including disasters, such as hurricanes or tornadoes; major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a job; and daily hassles, such as having to wait in line at the supermarket when you need to be somewhere else in 10 minutes. What all this events have in common is that they interfere with or threat our accustomed way of life. when we encounter such stressors, we must pull together our mental and physical resources in order to deal with the challenge. How well we succeed in doing so will determine how serious a toll the stress will take on our mental and physical well-being. 许多事件都是压力源，包括灾难，如飓风或龙卷风; 重大生活事件，如离婚或失业; 每天都有麻烦，比如当你要在10分钟内到别的地方去却不得不在超市排队等。所有这些事件都有共同之处，就是它们干涉或威胁我们习惯的生活方式。当我们遇到这样的压力时，我们必须整合我们的精神和物质资源来应对挑战。我们如何成功地做到这一点将决定压力对我们身心健康将产生多大的影响。 Reacting to stressors The Canadian physiologist Hans Seyle has been the most influential writer on stress. Seyle proposed that both humans and other animals react to any stressor in three stages, collectively known as the general adaptation syndrome. the first stage, when the person or animal becomes aware of the stressor is the alarm reaction. In this stage the organism becomes highly alert and aroused, energized by a burst of epinephrine. After the alarm reaction comes the stage of resistance , as the organism tries to adapt to the stressful stimulus or to escape from it. If these efforts are successful, the state of the organism returns to normal. If the organism cannot adapt to the continuing stress, however, it enters a stage of exhaustion or collapse. 加拿大生理学家Hans Seyle在压力方面一直是最有影响力的作家。塞尔提出，人类和其他动物在三个阶段对任何压力源作出反应，统称为一般适应综合症。第一阶段，当人或动物意识到应激源时，就是警报反应。在这个阶段，机体变得高度警觉和激起，并被一阵肾上腺素所激发。当警报反应进入抵抗阶段后，机体试图适应压力刺激或逃避压力。如果这些努力成功，机体的状态就会恢复正常。然而，如果生物体不能适应持续的压力，它就进入衰竭或崩溃的阶段。
大学英语精读翻译 Unit1 1) 史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。 Mrs. Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter. 2) 我坚信，阅读简写的(simplified) 英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。 I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary. 3) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染(pollution) 方面还做得不够。 I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution. 4) 除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。 In addition to/Apart from writing composition a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation. 5) 我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。
We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to teach us spoken English next term/semester. 6) 经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。 Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. 7) 如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。 If you have any questions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me. And I’ll explain them in greater detail. 8) 那个加拿大女孩善于抓住每个机会讲汉语。这就是她为什么三年不到就熟练地掌握了汉语口语的原因。 The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese. That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years. Unit2 1) 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。 Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once.