音乐高考基本乐理综合测试题姓名____________成绩__________
1.按照音的分组法，在五线谱上用四分音符表示下列各音。
a1 c4 A1 f1 B c2
2.写出所有能够与x C 构成变化半音的音_____________________________.
3.写出bb F的所有等音。_________________________________________.
4.写出下列音乐术语的汉语意义。
Moderato( ) ; rit ( ).
5.国际标准音a1 的振动频率是___________________Hz.
6.G角调的宫音是________________；羽音是________________.(填字母)
7.以下列各音为根音构成指定音程、和弦。
8.根据音值组合写出拍号。
9.改正错误的音值组合法。
10.写出等于下列音符时值的二连音和四连音。
11.写出七声#F燕乐角调式音阶（标明调号）
12.写出属音为b e的和声小调音阶（标明调号）
13.写出G五声羽调式中的大三度音程（临时记号）
14.写出G和声大调中的正三和弦。（标明调号）
15.写出#c多利亚音阶（标明调号）
16.写出D大调半音阶（临时记号，上、下行）
17.写出c小调半音阶（临时记号，上、下行）
18.以下列各音为低音，构成指定自然大调式中指定和弦，判断所属大调并
解决。
所属大调（）（）（）（）
解决：
19.分析调式调性。
（1）
__________________ (2)
___________________ (3)
____________________ 20.将下列旋律按照要求进行移调。
（1）向上纯五度
（2）向下大三度
（3）移至b a和声小调（更改调号）
（4）移至c和声小调（更改谱号）
（5）移至b B调小号的演奏谱。
首先，把肺里的气全部呼出去，要呼的干净； 然后，并住呼吸，把手按在小腹，也就是常说的单田，用力使单田鼓起，手要反作用在单田上，要用力，在鼓起的时候要渐渐用力，不要一下鼓起来 从开始用力到用力到极限，大约用五秒钟时间然后到最强的时候，持续五秒钟 最后，渐渐放松，也不要一下放松，大约五秒时间整个过程，注意不要呼吸。 这是一个循环，每天这样练功，两个小时，半年的时间你的唱功一定会很实力，但中间不要停止，特别是第一个星期的七天，一定要坚持下来练自己的肺活量，多游泳，多跑步！多看一些音乐录影带，看一下其他歌手唱歌时的口型，多模仿！多唱，多练 最好找一个专业的老师，指导一下，才不会误入歧途，不会把声带损害，要注意唱歌时不要多用自己的声带，要让自己的声音传的远而稳，注意运用气息，否则会使声带生茧。 声音忌讳大声喊叫。其实我们都要避免：1、大声喊叫；2、在具备充足睡眠后，每天用声不准超过两小时[总用声量]，长期超量用声，必然导致声带病变[坏嗓子]！ 养成用丹田气说话的习惯。意念上，不要用嗓子说话，用小腹[脐下两寸的点]说话。多练仰卧起坐，加强丹田力量[一般女性小腹力量较弱]。口腔要打开[后上下牙距离]，整个口腔形成：前紧[开、齐、合、撮]后松[打开后槽牙]之势。 长期坚持科学训练。情、气、声的训练：情---七情：喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊的语言表达训练；气----掌握胸腹联合呼吸法；声----声音的弹性训练。 想把声音练的生动并且带有颤音. 你要先从开口音"a. ia ua "这几个音开始练. 如果你有钢琴可以按照琴键顺序由低音部.唱到高音部. 练好开口音.再练闭口音.比如: "u. o " 闭口音是练颤音的关键.唱闭口音时要有打哈欠的感觉. 提起胸腔.这样才会获得更好的效果. 闭口音也是按照顺序由低音部唱到高音部.然后再唱回去. 并且建议你一开始不要用颤音去模仿张学友或者刘德华的歌.他们虽说颤音很有感情.但刻意的模仿不但练不好音.而且还有可能练坏了嗓子. 我练音的歌一般都是很老的歌 比如<莫斯科郊外的晚上><大海啊故乡>.诸如此类. 基本乐理 第一章记谱法的基础知识 用音符、休止符及其它符号来记录乐曲进行的方法称为记谱法。随着音乐历史的发展，各个不同的时期由于音乐内容的不同而产生了各种的记谱方法。如工尺谱、简谱、五线谱等。 一、五线谱 由五条距离相等的平行线来记录音符与休止符，称为五线谱。五线谱自下而上来计算五条线，及由五条线所产生的间。分别称为第一线、第一间、第二线、第二间、第三线、第三间、第四线、第四间、第五线。 为了记录超出五线谱范围的更高或更低的音，在五线谱的上方和下方分别加上与之平行的短线，称为加线，由加线形成的间称为加间，上加线自下而上计算，分别是上加一间，上加一线，上加二间，上加二线，上加三间，上加三线，上加四间。下加线自上而下计算，分别为下加一间，下加一线，下加二间，下加二线，下加三间，下加三线，下加四间。
英语语法专练 第一部分冠词 there ____“s”in the end of the word D. / 2.Mr. Wang is ____honest man. D. / is ____university student. D. / 4. ____ book is very useful. I bought it from____unknown little town. , a , a , the , an in ___Grade three is ____tallest in our school. , the, the , a, a , ×, the , ×, a moves around____earth,and they both are smaller than ____sun. , an, a , the, the C.×, ×, × , the, the 7. She was playing ____piano then. B./ should care for ____old. , a , the , a , the city lies on ____Yangtzi River. C./ doesn’t have ____lunch at home.
C./ 第二部分名词 there ____on that plate There are ____under that tree. chicken chicken chickens chickens need two ____to repair the table. of woods of wood of wood of woods know ____doesn’t runl so fast as light（光）. sound sound are sixty ____in our school. teacher teachers teachers teacher Smith is a friend of_____. ’s mother’s ’s mother ’s of Mary mother’s 第三部分数词 always wanted to have ___of books and he has recently bought four ____. ,hundred ,hundred ,hundreds ,hundreds People’s Republic of China was founded ____,1949. October 1 October 1st October 1st 1 3friday is the ____day of the week.
高一英语期末测试卷 第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节: 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. — When shall we meet again? —Make it ____ you like; it’s all the same to me. A. one day B. any day C. another day D. some day 22. With the old worker ____ , we finished the work on time. A. help us B. helped us C. helping us D. to help us 23. —What are you going to do this afternoon? —I’ll probably go for a walk later on ____ it stays fine. A. as far as B. so long as C. even if D. as if 24. More and more people come to realize that much must be done to prevent pollution ____ well. A. from living B. to live C. to go D. from going 25. — Mrs. Brown will come to visit our school tomorrow, you know? — Tomorrow? I ____ she ____ today.. A. think; comes B. think; will come C. thought; is coming D. thought; was coming 26. The train ____ arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late. A. was supposed to B. was likely to C. was about to D. was certain to 27. —Let Pete take the place. He’s older and should be more experienced. —I don’t think so. A man doesn’t necessarily grow wiser ____ he grows older. A. because B. that C. than D. as 28. —This is only between us. — I see. I will ____. A. keep it secret B. keep it a secret C. I won’t let the secret out D. all of the above 29. ____ the window, his finger was cut but it was not serious. A. Cleaning B. While cleaning C. To clean D. When he was cleaning 30. My computer crashed, and ____ I didn’t make a copy of what I had typed. A. what’s worse B. on top of that C. in addition D. all of the above 31. My parents had to use ____ they had to buy the house in which we are now living.. A. what B. what that C. all what D. that 32. — Did you hear the gunshot last night? — Yes, ____ was when I was just about to enter the room ____ I heard it. A. there; when B. it; when C. it; that D. there; that 33. After ____ seemed a very long time, the badly wounded soldier came back to life. A. that B. it C. which D. what 34. —Who would you rather have ____ your computer? —My friend. A. repairing B. to repair C. repaired D. repair 35. You can never imaging what great difficulty I have ____ your house. A. found B. finding C. to find D. for finding 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
音乐术语－基本乐理 为了使演唱者和演奏者准确的掌握作曲家对作品的要求，因此产生了很多的音乐术语，这些音乐术语都是在速度上、力度上、表情上提示人们该如何去演奏和演唱，因此，掌握这些音乐术语就非常重要，可以帮助你准确地表达作品的情感。 在乐谱上用的音乐术语习惯上大多数是意大利语，也有的作曲家用的是自己国家的语言，下面我向大家介绍一部分经常用的音乐术语。 第一节全曲速度 Adagio 柔板；从容的；悠闲的 Largo 广板；宽广的；庄严的 Lento 慢板；慢慢的 Pesante 慢速度；沉重的（每个音用一些重音） Larghetto 小广板；比Largo稍快；较快的小广板 Grave [法] 庄板；慢而庄严的；严峻的 Andante 行板；徐缓；行进的 Andantino 小行板；比Andanto稍快；较快的行板 Moderato 中板；适中；节制的 Moderatamente 中等的；中庸的 Presser [法] 匆忙；“赶” Presto 急速的 Vivo 活泼；生动地；充满活力的 Vivace 活跃的；快速的；敏捷的 Vivacissimo 最急板；十分活跃地；非常爽快地 Allegro 快板；欢快地；较活泼的速度
Allegretto 小快板；稍快；比allegro稍慢的速度Presto 急板；迅速地 Prestissimo 狂板；最快；极急速的 第二节临时转换速度 a tempo 速度还原 Accelerando 渐快 Affrettando 再快一些 Stringendo 加紧加快 Piu allegro 更多的加快突快 Piu mosso 更快些被激动了的 ad libitum (ad lib) [拉丁] 速度任意 Dcppio movimento 加快一倍 Stretto 加速紧凑些 Incalcando 加急渐快并渐强 Precipitano 突然加快匆忙的急促的Ritardando (Rit) 渐慢突慢 Ritardato 放慢了的 Piu 更；更多的 Piu lento 更慢的 Meno 少些；减少 Meno moss 慢些（少快点）
初中英语语法综合测试题 1. They want their daughter to go to university, and they also want her to get summer job. A. /; a B. the; a C. an; a D. a; the 2.—Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday? —If I don’t go, . A. so does he B. so will he C. neither does he D. neither will he 3. —Are these books ? —No, they are not mine, they belong to . A. your, her B. yours, her C. you, hers D. yours, she 4. People went to the concert which was held in People’s Square the night of May day. A. Thousands of, in B. Thousand, on C. Many thousand, in D. Thousands of, on 5. The more you smile, the you will feel. A. happy B. happily C. more happily D. happier 6. I will send you an e-mail as soon as I in Canada. A. am arriving B. will arrive C. arrive D. arrived 7. Jack dislike the weather in Beijing in spring, because there is so much wind and sand. But now he it. A. is used to, used to B. used to, is used to C. was used to, is used to D. used to, uses to 8. There on the wall. They are very beautiful. A. are photos B. are photoes C. is a photo D. is photos 9. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B. are C. were D. has 10. The of the cottage were covered with . A. roofs; leafs B. roofs; leaves C. roves; leafs D. roves; leaves 11. Something was wrong with car, but luckily they knew how to fix it. A. Jim’s and Tom’s B. Jim and Tom’s C. Jim’s and Tom D. Jim and Tom 12. There are four and two in the group.
高一级英语第一学期期末考试 第Ⅰ卷英语知识运用 第一节单项填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 1. My younger brother dreams ___________ a spaceman. A. of becoming B. to become C. becoming D. of to become 2. _______this magazine _______ Jan ? A. Is; belonged to B. Does; belong to C. Is; belonged D. Is; belonging 3. The car _______ on half way so we had to walk to school.. A. broke up B. broke out C. broke off D. broke down 4. _______ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. That C. As D. Which 5. He is such a lazy man _______ nobody wants to work with ______. A. that; / B. as; him C. whom; him D. as; / 6. -----Peter, hurry up! You ______ on the phone. ------Oh, I ______. Thank you. A. are being wanted; will come B. are wanted; am coming C. want, come D. will be wanted; should come 7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ___ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 8．He suggested that the doctor ___________ at once. A. be sent for B. was sent for C. was going to be sent for D. must be sent for 9. When talking to a friend over the telephone, you feel that you are close _________ the actual distance is not shortened. A. so long as B. as if C. even if D. as well as 10. ----Do you doubt _______ she can run the race? ---- Yes, I doubt _______ she can run against Liu Xiang A. that; whether B. whether; that C. that; that D. whether; if 11．-----What are on show in the museum? -----Some photos _________ by American children. A. were taken B. are taken C. taken D. are being taken 12. The number of students of this school ______ large. A. are B. are not C. isn't D. aren't 13. Einstein was _______a great scientist. He did a lot for human rights and progress. A. no more than B. not more than C. more than D. as much as 14._______ breaks the law should be punished. A. Anyone B. Those who C. No matter who D. Anyone who 15. I’d like to buy a house ---modern, comfortable, and _________ in a quiet neighborhood.A. in all B. above all C. after all D. at all 16. Those who want to say anything more ______your hand and then_______to speak.
高考地理综合题答题思 路模板归纳 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
地理综合题答题思路归纳 第一版块基础概览 自然地理部分 ☆如何描述地形特征： 1.地形类型：平原、山地、丘陵、高原、盆地等 2.地势起伏状况 3.主要地形分布（多种地形条件下） 4.重要地形剖面特征（剖面图中） ☆影响气温的因素： 1.纬度（决定因素）：影响太阳高度、昼长、太阳辐射量、气温日较差，年较差（低纬度地 区气温日、年较差小于高纬度地区） 2.地形（高度、地势）：阴坡、阳坡，不同海拔高度的山地、平原、谷地、盆地（如：谷地 盆地地形热量不易散失，高大地形对冬季风阻挡，同纬度山地比平 原日较差、年较差小等） 3.海陆位置：海洋性强弱引起气温年较差变化 4.洋流：暖流：增温增湿；寒流：降温减湿 5.天气状况：云雨多的地方气温日、年较差小于云雨少的地方 6.下垫面：地面反射率（冰雪反射率大，气温低）；绿地气温日、年较差小于裸地 7.人类活动：热岛效应、温室效应等 ☆影响降水的因素： 1.气候：大气环流（气压带、风带、季风） 2.地形：迎风坡、背风坡 3.地势（海拔高度）：降水在一定高度达最大值 4.海陆位置：距海远近 5.洋流：暖流：增温增湿；寒流：降温减湿 6.下垫面：湖泊、河流、植被覆盖状况 7.人类活动：改变下垫面影响降水 ☆描述河流的水文特征： 1.流量：大小、季节变化、有无断流（取决于降水特征、雨水补给、河流面积大小） 2.含沙量：取决于流域的植被状况 3.结冰期：有无、长短 4.水位：高低、变化特征（取决于河流补给类型、水利工程、湖泊调蓄作用） 5.水能：与地形（河流落差大小，流速快慢）、气候（降水量的多少，径流量的大小，蒸发 量的大小）有关 ☆描述河流的水系特征： 1.长度 2.流向 3.流域面积大小 4.落差大小（水能） 5.河道曲直情况 6.支流多少 7.河流支流排列形状：扇 形、树枝状等 ☆影响太阳辐射的因素： 1.纬度：决定正午太阳高度、昼长： 2.海拔高度：海拔高，空气稀薄，太阳辐射强（eg.我国青藏高原）
人学英语语法专项练习题及答案 一、时态 1. By the end of April Peter here for three mon ths. A. will have stayed B. will stay C. stays D. has stayed 2. rm awfully sorry, but I had no alter native. I simply what I did. A. ought to have done B. have to do C. had to do D. must do 3. We our breakfast when an old man came to the door. A. just have had B. have just had C. just had D . had just had 4. Ever si nee the family moved to the suburbs last year, they better health. A. could have enjoyed B. had enjo yed C. have bee n enjoying D. are enjo ying 5. I bought a new house last year, but I my old house yet, so at the mome nt I have two houses. A. did not sell B. have not sold C. had not sold D . do not sell 6. I decided to go to the library as soon as I A. finish what I did B. fin is hed what I did C. would finish what I was doi ng D. fini shed wha t I was doi ng 7. He whe n the bus came to a sudden stop. A. was almost hurt B. was hurt h imself C. was to hurt himself D. was hurti n g himself 8. I suppose that when 1 come back in ten years' time all those o ld houses dow n. A. will have bee n pulled B. will have pulled C. will be pulli ng D. will b e pulled 9. Bob's leg got hurt the Purple Mountains. A. while he is climbi ng up B. while we were climb ing up
第一章音乐的概念－基本乐理 教授：孙荣绮 中国音乐家协会会员、国家二级演奏员 课前寄语 在中国有一个美丽的远古传说：“开天辟地之后，神女－女娲看见人们日出而作，日落而息，生活得很苦、很累。于是她采天籁之音（大自然的音响），使人们愉悦，快乐。从此华夏大地有了音乐”。 美好和谐的音乐会陶冶人的情操，净化人的灵魂。而情性强，激奋奔放的音乐又会给人以启迪，鼓舞人们不断进取，向上┅┅随着社会的发展和物质文明越来越丰富，精神文明也越来越受到人们的重视。音乐已开始走进千家万户。学习音乐成了热门。在学习音乐的人群中有青年学生，有在职干部，甚至连鹤发童颜的老人也饶有兴致的拿起了乐器。最令人感动的还是那些“望子成龙，望女成凤”的年轻的爸爸妈妈们，自己节衣缩食，为了给自己的宝贝作智力投资倾其多年的积蓄购买昂贵的乐器，汗流夹背的往来奔波，随其左右，寻师求学，真可谓是“可怜天下父母心”，随着时间的推移，这支队伍还在不断的扩大着┅┅但是现在社会上的普及音乐教育相当繁杂，鱼龙混珠。有些人自已还没拉几天琴，看到这是个赚钱的大好时机，竟也拉起大旗，挂上名家招牌，开起大课来。使得有人学了几年还不得要领，我也曾接过这样一个学生，学琴有四年了，竟然连谱也不识，颇感奇怪，问其如何拉琴？原来只靠老师画的指法，1指、2指、3指、4指，居然也算学了四年琴，甚感震惊和愤怒，四年啊！可爱又可怜的孩子，真是误人子弟！还有一些人总算是找到了正规的老师。可是进了老师的家门才发现众多的家长们带着自己的孩子都在等候。好不容易轮到自己了，珍惜这宝贵的每一分，每一秒，学生专心致致，家长更是抖擞精神，不敢错过老师的任何一句话，因为他们还要肩负着回家后陪孩子练琴的使命。却不曾想仅过了廿几分钟，老师就吩咐回去练吧。一节课就这样草草的结束了。是啊，外面还有一大堆人在候着呢。有的家长感叹的说：“简直跟上医院看病差不多。”可是就是这样，也还是有更多的人连这种门坎也找不到，学门深似海，投师无门，只有望琴兴叹了┅┅
初中英语语法综合练习题 单项选择 1、The boy likes questions. A．ask B．answer C．to ask 2、We'll try there on time. % A．to get B．getting C．got 3、They hoped their mother soon. A．to see B．saw C．seeing 4、I'm glad you again. A．meet B．met C．to meet { 5、He often helps me my bike. A．mending B．to mend C．to mended 6、I heard Alice in the next door. ~ A．sings B．sang C．sing 7、The work is easy. Let him it by himself.
A．do B．to do C．doing 8、He saw Dick in and take a book away. A．came B．coming C．come 、 9、Does Jack want a writer A．be B．is C．to be 10、The boss had them from morning to night. A．worked B．working C．work 【 11、It's time home. A．to go B．went C．going 12、Tom is kind. He would like you. A．to help B．help C．helped 【 13、Don't forget your books to school. A．bring B．to bring C．brought
高一英语综合测试题 第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Paul make a living? A. By repairing cars B. By making cars C. By selling cars 2. What’s the man’s trouble? A. He has caught a bad cold B. He often coughs C. He can’t sleep well 3. How does the woman contact her friends? A. By letter B. By telephone C. By email 4. When should the man check in? A. At 8:30 B. At 8:00 C. At 9:00 5. What does the man imply? A. The daytime is too long B. He is very tired C. He feels lonely 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段对话, 回答第6至8题 6. What does the man plan to do this Saturday morning? A. Get up late B. Cut some wood C. Take a walk 7. What did people say about the wolf? A. It killed a lot of small animals B. It was attracted by the food left by people C. It killed little children 8. What do we know about the woman? A. She may not catch what others said B. She is telling a lie to the man C. She often tells jokes to people 听第7段对话, 回答第9至11题 9. Which subject is suitable to start a conversation according to the woman? A. Bars B. Weather C. Public affairs 10. Why does Mark look unhappy? A. Because he is worried about his English B. Because he is not a member of the club yet C. Because he is worried about the coming exam 11. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Go to hotels B. Join a club C. Find a partner 听第8段对话, 回答第12至14题 12. Where didn’t the man go? A. Edinburgh B. St. Andrews D. Highlands 13. How is the life in Scotland? A. Hard B. Not so hurry-up C. Busy 14. How many people went to Scotland with the man?w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 听第9段对话, 回答第15至17题 15. What do we know about the man? A. He hopes to become a painter some day B. He isn’t very familiar with painting C. He doesn’t like the course at all 16. Who is Lucy Green? A. The painter Desiree B. The professor of the course C. The woman’ s friend 17. Where was probably the woman last night? A. At home B. At p refessor Brown’s C. At an exhibition 听第10段对话, 回答第18至20题 18. Why are many roads closed in the north? A. Because of heavy rain B. Because of strong winds C. Because of fallen stones from mountains 19. Where have fifty houses been flooded? A. In the south B. In the north C. In the east 20. What happened in the west? A. Many boats were missing B. Four people died in a river C. Two villages were under water 第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分40分） 第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21．Leave it to me! I feel more about myself and my abilities these days. A. confident B. curious C. sensitive D. worried 22．You might those fireworks, Jane. Do be careful with them. A. give off B. cut off C. set off D. put off 23．—What shall I do if I meet a word that I don’t know? —If you can’t guess its meaning, you can the dictionary. A. examine B. consult C. combine D. gain
2015高考 地理综合题答题策略及模板 目录 第一部分：综合题分析方法和技巧 (2) 第二部分：综合题的常见答题模板 (3)
第一部分：综合题分析方法和技巧 ★分析方法和技巧 (一)特征描述: 区域要回答的问题就是自然地理环境特征和人文地理环境特征。 区域地理特征分析的基本方法概括为：区域定位（根据轮廓、经纬网、地理事物）————根据区域位置，判断分析地形、气候的类型和特征————以地形、气候条件为基础，确定其相应的水文、植被、土壤等自然地理要素的特征————以自然地理特征为条件————分析自然地理特征对主要人文地理现象的影响；分析评价区域发展的主要优势条件和限制性因素————确定区域发展方向、主要问题及其解决措施。 (二)成因问题： 在分析该类试题时，要注意把握两点： 1．要清楚重要地理要素的组成因子，并理解“因子”与相关“地理要素”之间“因”与“果”的联系。 2．明确分析的原因内容：地理原因包括自然原因和人为原因两个方面。自然原因一般从纬度位置、海陆位置、地形、地势、气候、水文、植被、土壤、矿产、风向、洋流、海陆轮廓、板块运动等方面来分析；人为原因一般从历史条件、人口、工农业、城市、交通、工程建设、市场、政策、科技、军事、宗教等方面来分析。 (三)评价问题：回答此类问题注意两点 1.根据题目要求从有利和不利两方面来阐述问题； 2.从对自然、社会、经济的发展三方面综合分析。 ★五步操作程序 （1）细审“题干”： ①审材料；②审设问；③审题分，抓住关键词和修饰词、限定词，准确把握答题方
（3）仔细“筛选”：根据限定词筛选；根据所在地区筛选；根据地理事物特性筛选；根据题目提供的材料筛选。 （4）组织“语言”：“先自然，后社会经济”；“先主要，后次要”；“先自身原因，后其它原因”。 （5）书写答案：“简明扼要、条理分明、切中要点”是文综规范答题的宗旨。“地理语言（避免大白话）”、“套装语言（不用自造语句）”、“逻辑语言（不得互相矛盾）”、“精炼语言（不要同样意思，反复罗嗦诉说）”、“一语中的（语言不绕弯子）”。答题一定要规范化、序号化、段落化，字迹工整，反映思维的逻辑性，卷面整洁，从形式上达到卷面的完美，清晰的卷面能赢得阅卷者好感，也许会给你带来意 外的收获。 第二部分：综合题的常见答题模板 ☆区域地理特征的描述 （一）区域的自然地理特征（气候与地形是区域特征的决定性因素） 地理位置特征：半球位置、经纬度位置（大概的经纬度范围，特殊纬线经过，高、中、低纬度或温度带）、海陆位置、特殊事物相邻位置（邻国,邻省,山河,交通等） 地形特征描述：①主要地形类型及其分布；②地势起伏状况（…高…低）、地势高低；③特殊地貌，如喀斯特地貌、沙漠、冻土、冰川、火山等；④海岸线特征，如长或短、曲折或平直 区域气候特征描述：①主要气候类型及其分布；②气温特点（气温总体特征、气温季节变化、温差大小、温度带）；③降水特点（降水总量、降水空间分布和季节变
2002－2003学 上学 期 年度 质 训 练 素 科 中 学 生 学 高 高一英语期末测试题Array 第一部分：听力（共两节，每题2分，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题。听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅一遍。） 听第一段对话，回答第1题。 1．Where is the man? A．In a hotel B．In a shop C．At home 2．When did Peter set the world record? A．In 1980 B．In 1997 C．In 1982 3．What’s wrong with Li Hua? A．She has a toothache B．She has a headache C．She has a backache 4．What’s the population of Hawaii? A．About 1,000,000 B．About 100,000 C．About 10,000,000 5．Why can’t the man give the woman a hand? A．He is too heavy to help her. B．He doesn’t know how to help her. C．He is too busy to help her. 第二节（共15小题。听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。） 听第6段对话，回答第6—8题。 6．What do you think is the possible relationship between the two speakers. A．The man is the woman’s husband. B．The woman is a guest to the man’s house C．The man is a guest to the woman’s flat
第一版块基础概览 自然地理部分 ☆如何描述地形特征： 1.地形类型：平原、山地、丘陵、高原、盆地等 2.地势起伏状况 3.主要地形分布（多种地形条件下） 4.重要地形剖面特征（剖面图中） ☆影响气温的因素： 1.纬度（决定因素）：影响太阳高度、昼长、太阳辐射量、气温日较差，年较差（低纬度地区气温日、年较差小于高纬度地区） 2.地形（高度、地势）：阴坡、阳坡，不同海拔高度的山地、平原、谷地、盆地（如：谷地盆地地形热量不易散失，高大地形对冬季风阻挡，同纬度山地比平原日较差、年较差小等） 3.海陆位置：海洋性强弱引起气温年较差变化 4.洋流：暖流：增温增湿；寒流：降温减湿 5.天气状况：云雨多的地方气温日、年较差小于云雨少的地方 6.下垫面：地面反射率（冰雪反射率大，气温低）；绿地气温日、年较差小于裸地 7.人类活动：热岛效应、温室效应等 ☆影响降水的因素： 1.气候：大气环流（气压带、风带、季风） 2.地形：迎风坡、背风坡 3.地势（海拔高度）：降水在一定高度达最大值 4.海陆位置：距海远近 5.洋流：暖流：增温增湿；寒流：降温减湿 6.下垫面：湖泊、河流、植被覆盖状况 7.人类活动：改变下垫面影响降水 ☆描述河流的水文特征： 1.流量：大小、季节变化、有无断流（取决于降水特征、雨水补给、河流面积大小） 2.含沙量：取决于流域的植被状况 3.结冰期：有无、长短 4.水位：高低、变化特征（取决于河流补给类型、水利工程、湖泊调蓄作用） 5.水能：与地形（河流落差大小，流速快慢）、气候（降水量的多少，径流量的大小，蒸发量的大小）有关 ☆描述河流的水系特征： 1.长度 2.流向 3.流域面积大小