历年英语专业四级真题语法部分
1.Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?
A. What do you think has happened to her?
B. Who do you think the visiting professor is ?
C. How much do you think he earns every month?
D. How quickly would you say he would come?
2. Which of the following italicized parts is used as a subject clause?
A. We are certain that we will get there in time.
B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.
C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.
D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after 10 days.
3. Which of the following italicized phrase indicates a subject-predicate relation?
A. Mr. Smith’s passport has been issued.
B. The visitor’s arrival was reported in the news.
C. John’s travel details have not been finalized.
D. The new bookstore sells children’s stories.
4. Which of the following italicized phrase indicates a predicate-object relation?
A. He was reading Mary’s letter in the room.
B. You can buy men’s shoes in this shop.
C. Mrs. Blake’s passport was lost.
D. The enemy’s defeat brought the war to an end.
5. Which of the following italicized parts is used as object complement?
A. The fish soup tastes delicious.
B. I find learning English difficult.
C. The audience fell silent suddenly.
D. The old man was found weak.
6. Which of the following italicized parts is used as object complement?
A. The front door remained locked.
B. The boy looked disappointed.
C. Nancy appeared worried.
D. He seemed to have no money left.
7. Which of the following italicized parts is used as a subject?
A. We never doubt that her brother is honest.
B. The problem is not who will go but who will stay.
C. You must give it back to whoever it belongs to.
D. It is clear that the crime was done deliberately.
8. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?
A. He does not like the idea of my speaking at the meeting.
B. it is no use your pretending not to know the matter.
C. my parents strongly object to my going out alone at night.
D. her falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip.
答案： C D B D B D D C
2016年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题 参考答案与解析 11. How can I concentrate if you _________ continually ______ me with silly questions? A. have… interrupted B. are… interrupted C. had… interrupting D. were… interrupting 选A。虽然我觉得更应该说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。不过这里用现在完成时表示的是一个动作发生过成为过去经历，有可能多次发生，也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不断重复到现在。 12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___ expresses the highest degree of possibility? A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem. C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem. D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 选D。四个里把握度最高的是should，其次是may，最后是might和could。 13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class. A. any boy B. the other boys C. other any girl D. all the girls 选A。主语是she，女的，所以不能选B。C的正确说法是any other girl。 14. Nobody heard him sing, ______? A. did one B. did he C. didn’t they D. did they 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）317页，nobody这种附加疑问句，书面语里用he。口语里偶见they。实际上，现代英语里为了避免有语言歧视（为什么只有he，没有she），很多人都避免只用he，而多改为they。 15. I can’t put up with ________. A. that friend of you B. that friend of yours C. the friend of you D. the friend of yours 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）57-58页，这种双重属格结构所修饰的名词可带a, any, some等表示非确定特指的限定词，但通常不带定冠词。比如a daughter of Mrs. Green’s, any/some daughters of Mrs/ Green’s。 16. There has been an increasing number of _______ in primary schools in the past few years. A. man teacher B. men teacher C. man teachers D. men teachers 选D。合成名词复数，man/woman这种，两种都要变成复数，比如women drivers。
句子成分分析 在句中起着不同语法作用的成分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种： 1、主语（subject）表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象； 通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。（名词） He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。（代词） To see is to believe.眼见为实。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（动名词） Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。（主语从句） It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。（不定式） 2、谓语动词（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任： We study English.我们学习英语。（动词） The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。（动词短语） Do be quiet,children.孩子们，务必安静点。（助动词+连系动词） We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。（助动词+实义动词） Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。（情态动词+实义动词） 3、表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任： The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。（名词） The game is yours.你（们）胜了。（代词） I was first! 我第一名！（数词） I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。（形容词） Is your mother in?你妈妈在家吗？（副词） I’m with you.我站在你这一边。（介词短语） Mary’s task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是摆桌子。（动词不定式） Her hobby is growing roses.她的爱好是种植玫瑰。（动名词） The situation is puzzling.形式令人迷惑不解。（现在分词） Do you feel satisfied with the arrangement?你对这安排满意吗？（过去分词） The fact is that they are cross with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。（表语从句） That’s where you are wrong.这就是你错的地方（表语从句） He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。（表语从句） 4、宾语（object）表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： May I have your attention ,please.请大家注意。（名词） I want a little.我要一点。（代词） I need two.我需要两个。（数词） Hope to see you soon.希望能很快见到你。（动词不定式） They risk losing everything.他们冒着失去一切的危险。（动名词） He insisted on seeing her home.他坚持送她回家。（动名词作介词的宾语） I’ll do what I can.我将尽力而为。（从句）
英语语法-句子成分-详解 一个英语句子里面分为必须的成分：主语、谓语；可能有的成分：宾语、补语、修饰语（定语、状语、同位语）。 主语和宾语 主语 1）主语一般在句子开头，是句子的“陈述对象”，通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。如： The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都喜欢他们的英语老师。 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看太多电视对你的眼睛是有害的。 What we need is a good rest. 我们需要的是好好休息一下。 "I love you" is often heared on Valentine's Day.
情人节时，经常听到有人说”我爱你“。 2）形式主语与真实主语 主语是不定式短语、动名词短语或分句时，常会放在句尾，用"it"代替它原来的位置，这个"it"被称为形式主语，放在句尾的原主语为真实主语。如： It's very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。（不定式短语为真实主语，it为形式主语） It's a pity that you can't come. 你不能来真是件遗憾的事。（句子为真实主语，it为形式主语） 宾语 1）宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、名词化的形容词、动名词、动词不定式、介词短语或句子。如：I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 They decided to close the border. 他们决定封闭边境。
专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题4 单项选择题 1. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ______ proposals in the near future. A.their B.our C.his D.its 答案：D [解答] 考查代词的用法。 本句的主语是association，后跟which引导的定语从句，从句中的谓语动词为has pressed for。association是物不是人，因此代词应该用its，故选D。 2. Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ______ much better results now. A.would be getting B.could have got C.must get D.would get 答案：D [解答] 考查虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)。 从句是对过去事实的虚拟，省略了if，因此为倒装形式；主句是对现在(主句中有now)情况的虚拟，因此主句用would do结构，故选D。 3. Nine is to three ______ three is to one. A.when B.that C.which
答案：D [解答] 考查方式状语从句。 这道题考查固定句式：A is to B what C is to D。what在句中引导方式状语从句，表示“好比，正如”，故选D。 4. Men differ from animals ______ they can think and speak. A.for which B.for that C.in that D.in which 答案：C [解答] 考查原因状语从句。 in that意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。for which和in which引导的是定语从句，for that不能引导从句。故C为正确答案。 5. ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. A.Much though B.Much as C.As much D.Though much 答案：B [解答] 考查让步状语从句。 much as意为“尽管”，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。as much意为“同样地”。A、D不是惯用搭配，故选B。 6. I enjoyed myself so much ______ I visited my friends in Paris last year.
人教版新目标初中英语语法知识-词类、句子成分和构词法 一）词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词 ( n.) ：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词 ( pron.) ：主要用来代替名词。 如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词 ( adj..) ：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 如：good, right, white, orange. 4、数词 ( num.) ：表示数目或事物的顺序。 如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词 ( v.) ：表示动作或状态。 如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词 ( adv.) ：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词, 说明时间、地点、程度等。 如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 6、冠词 ( art. .) ：用在名词前 , 帮助说明名词。 如：a, an, the. 7、介词 ( prep.) ：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如：in, on, from, above, behind. 8、连词 ( conj.) ：用来连接词、短语或句子。 如：and, but, before . 9、感叹词 ( interj..) 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二）、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物, 回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如： I ’mMiss Green.( 我是格林小姐 ) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态 , 回答“做 ( 什么 ) ”。主要由动词担任。 如：Jack cleans the room every day.( 杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后, 说明主语的身份或特征, 回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 如：My name is Ping ping .( 我的名字叫萍萍) 3、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果, 回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.( 他能拼这个词) 4、有些及物动词带有两个宾语, 一个指物 , 一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语, 指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . ( 他给我写了一封信 )
精品文档——英语语法英语句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 ）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一1般放于句首。如： )Students study. (学生学习。 )We are friends.(我们是朋友 是代词，它们在句中做主语。是个名词，we这两句话中单词students ）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组2担任，放在主语的后面。如： )Students study. (学生学习。 )我们是朋友We are friends. ( be叫做study叫做实意动词，are这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，动词，它们在句中作谓语。 ）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之3后。如： )他们是老师。They are teachers. ( )我和他一起玩。I play with him. ( 是带词，它们在句中作宾语。是名词，单词teachershim这两句话中单词 ）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短4语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： .)This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳 ）He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。 都是形容词，它们作定语。tallred和这两句话中单词 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： )这些学生学习努力。The students study hard. ( )I often write to him. (我常给他写信。 )The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。 修饰too和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词这三句话中单词hard 的是形容词，它们都作状语。 This 如：一般由名词或者形容词担任。６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。)这个桌子是长的。table is long. ( 主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语,通常情况下精品文档． 精品文档放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下： （状语）宾语（定语）（定语）主语（状语）谓语 (The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.如： (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.
虚拟语气 一．一般虚拟条件句 (1) 与现在事实相反 ——If I were you, I wouldn’t worry. ——If I had the book at hand, I would read the passage to you. 那么，虚拟语气现在时的句型为： 从句：If + 主语＋动词过去式(be 变were) +… 主句：主语＋would (should ,could ,might ) + 动词原形＋… (2) 与过去事实相反 ——If you had gone to last night’s games, you would have met him. ——If the policeman had arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident. 那么，虚拟语气过去时的结构是： 从句：If＋主语＋过去完成时… 主句：主语＋should (或would,could,might) + 现在完成时… (3) 与将来事实相反 ——If he should come tomorrow, I would give him the dictionary he needs. ——If Mr. Li were to do the experiment tomorrow, he might read the instructions carefully.
那么虚拟语气将来时的句型是： 从句：If+主语＋should (或were to )+动词原形＋… 主句：同虚拟语气现在时的主句结构。 练习： 1.I f this report were more accurate, it __________ an invaluable document. A.were B.had been C.will be D.would be (D) 2.I _______ in trouble if the police had stopped me. A.were B.would have been C.would be D.had been (B) 3.W hat would you do if war _________ out. A.breaks B.could break C.had broken out D. were to break (D) 二、在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, should，可省去if,将were, had, should提到主语前，形成倒装。例如： ——Should there be a meeting tomorrow, he would tell you.
句子成分 不同词类的单词，按照一定的语法规则组合在一起，能够表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫句子，一个句子由各种功能不同的部分组成，这些部分叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有7种，主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，补语。它的构成方法与中文很象，中文分：主，谓，宾，定，状，补，六类，再加上表语就形成了英文的形式。 下面主要是从词类的角度来分析句子成分： 一．主语 句子所要说明的人或者事物，是句子的主体，通常放与句首，一般不省略，可以担当主语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词和主语从句。下面依次举例： Walls have ears. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe. Smoking is not allowed in public places. Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 二．谓语动词 说明主语动作或者状态的句子成分，一般又实义动词或者系动词担任，助动词和情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也可以构成谓语动词 Actions speak louder than words The chance may never come again. Tom was very sick at heart. Mary has been working at the dress store since 1994. 注意：英语中最基本的原则就是：一句话，只能有一个谓语动词 三．表语（现代某些语法书直接把表语归类到了补语当中） 是用来说明主语的身份，特征和状态，它的位置在系动词之后。可作表语的有名词，代词，形容词与分词，数词，动词不定式与动名词，介词短语，副词以及表语从句。下面依次举例：My father is a professor. Who’ that? It’s me. Everything here is dear to her. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be of help to others. Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hid your feelings. 四．宾语 宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在及物动词之后。英语介词后也会跟宾
英语专业四级语法汇总 语法回顾篇： 专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。 专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气 一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点） 考点1. 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用did (be用were)， 主句谓语动词would (should, could, might)+do； 考点2. 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用had done， 主句谓语动词用would(should, could, might)+ have done； 例如： 43. I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying KEY: C 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there. A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t KEY: C 考点3.与将来事实相反， 从句谓语动词用：did (should + do或were + to do)， 主句谓语动词用：would (should, could, might)+do。
[外语类试卷]专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷247 一、PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. 1 My uncle can't get _____ because he has rheumatism (风湿病). （A）about （B）on （C）through （D）in 2 I was very much put _____ by Mark's rude behavior; it really annoyed me. （A）over （B）off （C）up （D）by 3 You _____ Mary anything about it. It was none of her business. （A）mustn't tell （B）mustn't have told （C）don't need to tell （D）needn't have told
4 All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ such a crowd of people there. （A）weren't （B）hasn't been （C）hadn't been （D）wouldn't be 5 This firm has found that the number of staff _____ is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced since it uses computers. （A）whose （B）as （C）what （D）that 6 _____ at through the microscope, the structure of these plant cells are quite clear. （A）Looking （B）Looked （C）Having looked （D）To look 7 Which of the following underlined parts DOES NOT serve as an adverbial? （A）He did the work fairly well. （B）The contract shall be held null and void.
句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 是动作或状态的主语。主语的位置：一般位于句首 由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和从句充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 What we shall do next is not yet decided. 从句充当主要 2、谓语 表示主语的动作或状态. 动词由动词或动词短语充当 谓语动词有人称、数、时态、语态的变化。 分析句子的主语和谓语 His parents are teachers. 系动词和表语构成谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. 行为动词做谓语 He can play the piano. 情态动词和行为动词构成谓语 We have finished reading the book. 助动词和实义动词构成谓语 3、宾语 是动作的对象或承受者。及物动词必须跟宾语. 对谓语对的进一步解释说明及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词. 不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词. 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成. I saw a plane in the sky just now.名词做宾语 We often help him. 代词做宾语 He likes to play basketb all. 不定式做宾语 I want three.数词做宾语 I enjoy going shopping.动名词做宾语 He said that he felt sick.从句做宾语
英语语法——英语句子成分分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如： They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。 4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。） 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 ６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语） 如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分 1）I have two elder sisters. （我有两个姐姐。） 2) They don't swim very well.（他们游泳不太好。） 3) Do you go to school every day? （你每天去上学吗？） 4) I really want a cup of tea.（我真的想要一杯茶。） 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.（史密斯先生教英语非常好。） 语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕，其实里面有很多趣味。 第一讲英语句子成分 WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people
专业英语四级（语法与词汇）-试卷256 (总分：52.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、 LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：26，分数：52.00) 1.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.Your books and magazines are almost in a_______; go and put them in order. （分数：2.00） A.chaos B.disorder C.mess √ D.riot 解析：解析：你的书和杂志简直是乱七八糟，去把它们整理一下。A chaos指极度的杂乱和近乎完全的混乱，例如：The government collapsed and chaos reigned．政府垮台，到处一片混乱。B．disorder“混乱，杂乱”，常指缺乏整齐、顺序，例如：The emergency room was in disorder．急救室一片混乱。C．mess指“混乱，混杂”，指十分肮脏，不整齐的状态，例如：This room's in a mess．这个房间杂乱不堪。D．riot指“暴乱，暴动”，例如：He was killed in the riots．他在暴乱中被杀。注：B和C在意思上符合句意，但只有in a mess的搭配，如用disorder应为in disorder，故选C。 3.The animal protection group is calling on people to _______ fur coats and care for wild animals. （分数：2.00） A.ban B.forbid C.veto D.boycott √ 解析：解析：动物保护组织正号召人们抵制皮毛大衣，关爱动物。A． ban主要指官方“禁止”某种事情，例如：He has been banned from driving for a year．他被禁止开车一年。B．forbid普通用语，指具有权威人士或官方发出禁令，并要求遵守，例如：Parking forbidden! 禁止停车!C．veto指国王、总统等依其职权否决法案、提案等，例如：The president vetoed the bill．总统否决了那项提案。D．boycott指“联合抵制”，常指拒绝购买某种商品(如本题)，例如：They have urged people to boycott foreign products．他们敦促大家抵制外国产品。 4.No one could ever_______this government of not caring about the poor. （分数：2.00） A.accuse √ B.charge C.condemn D.prosecute 解析：解析：没有人会指责该政府不关心穷人。A．accuse严厉地指责或谴责某人，习惯搭配为accuse sb．of stk／doing sth．(如本题)，例如：You can't accuse me of being selfish．你不能说我自私。B．charge指对较严重错误或罪行向法院提出正式起诉，习惯搭配有charge sb．with sth．／doing sth．，例如：She has not yet been formally
英语语法中的9种句子成分 一.主语Subject “主语”中的“主”是主人、主导的意思。 （一）定义：主语是动作的发出者，通常为一个句子中第一个独立的名词【或名词性结构】。也可以 理解为主语就是句子中说明的人或事物【sb/sth】独立的：即不在短语中、不在从句中 （二）句子中主句的4种形式：1.名词本身2.代 词3.动词-ing/to do形式【注意：做状语的V-ing/to do 结构除外】4.主语从句【即主语是个句子，引导词that 不可省略】 例句：The flower is beautiful. I love you. Teaching English is my job. To teach English today is my job. (补充：动词做主语的-ing形式称为动名词，to do形式称为不定式。前者强调经常性、习惯性，后者强调阶段性、特定性、将来性。) That she is still alive is a wonder. 二.谓语Predicate （一）定义：谓语是主语发出的动作，通常为 主语后的第一个独立的动词【或动词性结构】。也可
以说是用来说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 例句：He is singing.(其中的is是助动词，is singing 才是谓语) He likes singing.(likes是实意动词，所以谓语是likes) 现在分词/过去分词前无助动词的不是谓语。 （三）非谓语动词 有谓语动词，就有非谓语动词。那么，什么是非谓语动词？ 非谓语动词即一个句子中，不是谓语的动词就是非谓语动词。 非谓语的三种形式：1.doing（表主动、进行）2.done动词过去式（表被动、完成）3.to do(表将来) 例句：I saw a girl crying in a car.(crying表明女孩主动在哭并且是正在进行) Beaten by Bob,Tom was very sad.(beaten有两层含义，一是被别人打了，不是自己打的，是被动的。二是已经被打过了。) To become a teacher,you should work hard.(to become a teacher表将来，它与现在有着时间上的顺序)
专四语法词汇（11） 1. His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in __ with his income. A、comparison B、proportion C、association D、calculation 2. The President made his last public __ before his term of office ended. A、appearance B、engagement C、gathering D、meeting 3. There is no much time left, so I’ll tell you about it__. A、in detail B、in brief C、in short D、in all 4. The population is leveling __ in the area as a result of family planning. A、with B、off C、up D、against 5. The rain was heavy and __ the land was flooded. A、consequently B、continuously C、constantly D、consistently 答案：1-5 A A B B A 1．选 A ①in comparison with与……比较起来（可比相同点或不同点）The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those of New York. ②in proportion to与……成比例The insolence of the vulgar is in proportion to their ignorance: they treat everything with contempt which they do not understand. ③in association with 与……联合，与……共同They finished the work in association with their friends. 2．选 A make one’s last appearanc e 最后一次露面 3．选 B ①in brief简短地，简言之This, in brief, is the answer to the argument. ②in short 总之，用在表总结的场合You can’t make me! I won’t do it! In short, no! 4．选 B ①level off达到平衡，稳定Prices leveled off after the inflation ended. ②level with和……一样，坦率诚实地对待She leveled with him and felt better for it. ③level up 使……升高，到同一个平面上，提高We should level the output of our factory up to that of the advanced. ④level against对某人提出（控告）Some of the criticisms leveled against us are not altogether