Module 1 回顾
Unit 1 Making friends
一．口语交流
Talk about yourself.
二．回顾与整理
短语
close to （在空间，时间上）接近
go to school 去上学
(be) good at 擅长
make friends with 与…….交朋友
all over 遍及
?d like to =would like to 愿意
二．句型及语法
1.谈论喜好：
enjoy (doing) sth. be keen on (doing) sth. My (favourite) hobby is …(doing)…
like to do / doing sth. would like to do(‘d like to do) = want to do
I would like to be your pen-friend. 我想成为你的笔友。
I am interested in drawing. 我对画画感兴趣。
I am keen on drawing. 我热衷于画画。
I enjoy drawing. 我喜欢画画。
My favourite hobby is drawing. 我喜欢画画。
2. 特殊疑问句要点：
1)改句时，原句中如有助动词(be, can, must, shall, will等)的，把第一个助动词提前；没助动词的，
加do(各时态)
2)对主语提问时，用what或who代替划线部分，动词不变，如：
Jim wo rks hardest in our class. → Who works hardest in your class?
3)对形容词、副词、及表方式的介词短语提问，用how
People work out difficult problems with computers. → How do people work out difficult problems?
4)对频率(如once a week, twice a month, )提问，用how often
I visit my grandparents twice a month. → How often do you visit your grandparents?
5）对看不见的原因提问，用why; 回答用because.
Why do you late for school ? Because my bike is broken on the way.
6) 对时间提问，用when;
When do you get up?
7) 询问―哪一个‖用which.
Which one do you prefer, the red one or the green one ?
你更喜欢哪一个，红色的那件还是绿色的那件？
8）Those books are Lily‘s.(问归属)
are those books?
练习:对下列句子的划线部分提问
1. That car is red. _____ _____ is that car?
2. My sister is 20 years old. ______ _____ is your sister?
3. The glasses are Jim‘s. ______ glasses are these?
4. Tom collected eggs last Sunday. ______ collected eggs last Sunday?
5. There were eleven books in my bag.
______ ______ books are there in your bag?
6. We visited our teachers on Teacher‘s Day.
_______ did you visit your teachers?
7. It means ―Do not touch‖.
_______ does it mean?
8. I‘m fine, thank you.
______ are you?
9. We go to school by bus.
______ do you go to school?
10.We go to school five times a week.
_______ ______ do you go to school?
二、对下列句子的划线部分提问，将答案写在横线上。
1. My name is Mary.（(划提）
2. My shirt is white.(划提）
3. That is your suit. (划提)
4. This is my umbrella.(划提）
5. It‘s a V olvo. (划提）
6. He is an office assistant.(划提）
7.He is American. (划提）
3. 冠词：不定冠词的用法
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。
不定冠词a（an）与数词one 同源，是―一个‖的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1）表示―一个‖，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2）代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3）词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有―那（这）个‖的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1）特指双方都明白的人或物：
Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2）上文提到过的人或事：
He bought a house.I‘ve been to the house.
他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3）指世上独一物二的事物：
the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth
4）单数名词连用表示一类事物：
如：the dollar 美元；the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人；the living 生者。
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：
Where do you live？I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。
That‘s the very thing I‘ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师）
They are teachers of this school. （指部分教师）
7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：
She caught me by the arm……她抓住了我的手臂。
8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：
the People‘s Republi c of China中华人民共和国
the United States美国
9）用在表示乐器的名词之前：
She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。
10）用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：
the Greens格林一家人（或格林夫妇）
11）用在惯用语中：
in the day，in the morning （afternoon，evening），the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday，the next morning，
in the sky （water，field，country）
in the dark，in the rain，in the distance，
in the middle （of），in the end，
on the whole，by the way，go to the theatre
零冠词的用法
1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；
2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；
They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；
Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；Man cannot live without water.人离开水就无法生存。
5）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；
The guards took the American to General Lee.
士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；
如：have breakfast，play chess
8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；
I can‘t write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。
9）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus，by train；
10）有些个体名词不用冠词；
如：school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义；
go to hospital去医院看病
go to the hospital去医院（并不是去看病，而是有其他目的）
11）不用冠词的序数词；
a. 序数词前有物主代词
b. 序数词作副词：He came first in the race.
c. 在固定词组中：at （the）first，first of all，from first to last
1)注意以下冠词：
a university a European boy a useful book a uniform
an unlucky cat an hour an honest girl
2)球类运动不加冠词，乐器要加the，如：play football, play the piano
3)注意以下几组短语中的冠词：
by bus & take a bus
have dinner & have a quick dinner
watch TV & listen to the radio
冠词专项练习
Ⅰ在下列名词前填入a或an.
1 month
2 clinic
3 Apple
4 carnation
5 knife
6 fridge
7 hospital 8 photo
Ⅱ在下列词组前，填入a、an、或the.
9 piece of paper 10 Great Wall
11eat pineapple 12 old friend of my fathers‘s
13on right 14 nice holiday
15 letter 16in year
Ⅲ按要求填入the，不需要的填写―/‖.
17Beijing is capital of China.
18boys often play table tennis after school .They seldom play
19she can‘t go to school today. She stays in bed.
20February is 2nd month in a year.
21 I usually have bread for lunch.
Ⅳ用a、an或the 填空.
22 There is egg in box. egg is small.
23Look，that‘s old monkey.
24Mary has uniform .It‘s orange uniform.
25—What ‘s in bag ？
—There is eraser.It‘s small one.
26Shanghai is in east of China.
Ⅴ选择正确的答案，并把编号填入括号内。
（）27There is apple on the desk.
A . a B./ C.an
（）28 —Tine ，could you please play piano for me while I‘m singing？
—With pleasure.
A . a B./ C.the
（）29 sun is shining brightly.
A . / B. A C.The
（）30 The girl under tree is my sister.
A . a B. the C./
（）31 What‘s that ？
It‘s interesting book.
A . an B./ C.a
（）32 Tom is under the tree.He is beside tony.
A . the，/ B./ ，the C.the，the
（）33Mary has fish .It‘s small
A . a ，a B./ ，/ C.a，/
（）34 —Is Mr .Black teacher of park school？
—Yes，he is . teacher is my friend.
A . a，The B.the，The C.a，A
（）35 —Where is the Bund？
—It‘s near Huangpu River.
A . the，the B./，/ C.a，a
（）36 There are sixty minutes in hour.
A . a B.an C./
冠词练习1
( ) 1. There is ________ ―M‖ and ________ ―Y‖ in the word ―my‖. A. an, a B. a, an C. an, an
( ) 2. ________ English is ________ difficult subject for most of ________ students. A. /, a, the B. The, a, the C. The, the, the
( ) 3. I‘m going to learn ________ second language in _________ second grade. A. a, a B. the, /
C. a, the
( ) 4. My sister was ill in ________ bed, and my mother was sitting on ________ bed by her. A. /, the B. /, / C. the, the
( ) 5. We have _____ lunch at school on weekdays and we enjoy ______ lunch very much. A. /, the
B. /, /
C. a, /
( ) 6. We can‘t see ________ sun at ________ night. But we can see the moon and the stars. A. the, the B. the, / C. a, /
( ) 7. My brother likes playing ________ football very much, but he doesn‘t like ________ football I bought him for his birthday.
A. the, the
B. /, the
C. the, /
( ) 8. ________ teacher and ________ writer is still in our school.
A. The, the
B. A, a
C. The, /
( ) 9. Jim was made ________ of Class Three.
A. monitor
B. a monitor
C. the monitor
( ) 10. From then on ________ began looking for ways to go into ________.
A. man, space
B. the man, space
C. man, the space
( ) 11. More college raduates would like to work in ________ west part of our country ________ next year.
A. the, the
B. /, /
C. the, /
( ) 12. There is ________ old man standing there. ________ old man looks worried.
A. an, An
B. an, The
C. the, The
( ) 13. The football players from ________ USA live in _________ Room Nine.
A. the, /
B. /, the
C. an, /
( ) 14. We‘re invited to have ________ supper with ________ Whites tomorrow.
A. the, the
B. /, the
C. the, /
( ) 15. Last year my cousin Mary was ________ university student of ________ physics.
A. a, the
B.an, the
C. a, /
( ) 16. There‘re many poor people in ________ world. I think _________ rich must help________ poor.
A. the, the, the
B. the, a, a
C. /, the, the
( ) 17. Tom, do you know ________ girl in ________ blue?
A. the, the
B. the, /
C. a, /
( ) 18. Lesson One is ________ very difficult lesson, but it is not ________ most difficult one in Book One.
A. a, the
B. the, the
C. a, a
( ) 19. --- Is Canada ________ English-speaking country?
--- Yes. And Canadians speak ________ French, too.
A. a, /
B. an, /
C. a, the
( ) 20. ________ Yellow River is ________ second longest river in China.
A. The, /
B. /, the
C. The, the
冠词练习2
( ) 1. There isn‘t ________ river near where I live. ________ nearest river is 500 kilometers away.
A. a, The
B. an, A
C. the, A
( ) 2. ________ old lady with white hair spoke ________ English well at ________ meeting.
A. An, an, a
B. The, /, an
C. The, /, the
( ) 3. --- Will you get there by ________ train? ---- No, I‘ll take ________ taxi. A. /, a B. a, the
C. /, /
( ) 4. --- Is ________ English-Chinese dictionary on the desk yours?
--- No, I don‘t have ________ English-Chines dictionary.
A. /, a
B. a, the
C. the, an
( ) 5. ---- My brother is playing _____ basketball while my sister is playing ______ piano.
A. /, /
B. the, the
C. /, the
( ) 6. My grandparents often stay at ________ home at ________ weekends.
A. /, the
B. /, /
C. the, the
( ) 7. --- What would you like for ________ breakfast, Mr. Fang?
--- Three pieces of bread with ________ cup of black tea, please.
A. a, a
B. /, the
C. /, a
( ) 8. David Smith, ________ of Russian at Tsinghua University, said theat he was one of the youngest winners of the prize.
A. professor
B. a professor
C. the professor
( ) 9. --- I spent all my money because I stayed in _____ most expensive hotel in the city.
--- Why didn‘t you choose ________ cheaper one?
A. a, the
B. the, a
C. the, /
( ) 10. Mrs. Liu lived in ________ but she went into ________ once a week to buy food and other things for the house.
A. country, town
B. the country, the town
C. the country, town
( ) 11. This is ________ interesting story and it is also ________ moving one.A. an, an B. an, the C. an, a
( ) 12. Some people are still in ________ habit of writing in ________ public places. A. the, the B. /, / C. the, /
( ) 13. Young men prefer going by ________ plane to going in ________ ship.
A./, a
B. the, a
C. /, the
( ) 14. ________ long the bridge is! Let me drive you over it.
A. What
B. What a
C. How
( ) 15. People like to see films on ________ TV instead of going to ________ cinema. A. the, the B. /, the C. the, /
( ) 16. ______ Smiths are going to the park this Sunday. Why don‘t we go for ______ walk? A. A, a B. An, / C. The, a
( ) 17. ________ China is ________ old country with ________ long history.
A. The, an, a
B. /, an, a
C. /, an, the
( ) 18. I will have ________ supper with ________ Blacks in the restaurant this weekend. A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the
( ) 19. There‘s going to be ________ interesting American film on ________ night of August 4th. A. an, the B. an, a C. a, the
( ) 20. ________ little girl making faces is ________ Australian.
A. The, an
B. A, an
C. A, /
3. 提建议
1)Why not do…? = Why don‘t you do…? 为什么不……呢？
2)What / How about (doing) sth.? …怎么样？
Why not go to Paris? = Why don‘t you go to Paris?
What / How about going to Paris?
为什么不去巴黎呢？
4. 写电子邮件的格式要点：
1)收信人To xx，寄信人from xx：
2)Dear 后用逗号
3)结尾部分：要加上yours, love等，再换行写名。
注意：考试中不能出现真实的个人信息。
Unit2 知识点
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能：
1.表示事物或人物目前的特征、状态。如：He is a clever boy.他是个聪明的男孩。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的标志词：often usually always sometimes never seldom every + 时间
一般现在时的构成：
1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。）
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）
一般现在时的变化：
1. be动词的变化。
肯定句：主语+be+其它。如：He is a worker. 他是工人。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)
如：I am a student.
-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：My bike is under the tree.
Is your bike under the tree?
Where is your bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如：I like bread.
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。
如：He often plays football.
He doesn't often play football.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do, does）
如：I often play football.
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：She goes to school by bike.
- Does she go to school by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：She goes to school by bike.
Does she go to school by bike?
How does she go to school?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以―辅音字母+y‖结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
特殊形式：have – has 否定形式：…doesn‘t +动词原形。
如：She has a new bag.她有一个新书包。She doesn‘t have a new bag.她没有新书包。
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush ________do_________ teach_______
二、用am, is, are 填空
1 Here ______ a scarf for you.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. You, he and I ______ from China.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14. - I ___ a boy. __ you a boy? - No, I _____ not.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao Shan's shirt ______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. -Where _____ your mother?- She ______ at home.三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often _______(have) dinner at home.
2. David and Tom ______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Mike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7－What day _______(be) it today. －It‘s Saturday.
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day??
四、按照要求改写句子
1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
____________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
_______________________________________________________
____________________________
4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
____________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
________________________________
10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teaches us English. __________________
5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________
六、一般现在时翻译练习
1.我们每天七点钟上学。
We _______ ________ _________ at seven o‘clock _________ ________.
2.教室有一些学生。
There _______ ________ _________ in the classroom.
3苏海英语说得很好。
Su Hai _______ ________ very _______.
4.高小姐教英语。
Miss Gao ________ ________.
5.我父亲起得很早。
My father _______ _______ early.
6.我们非常喜欢英语。
We _______ English _______ _______.
7.他常常步行去上学。
He usually _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
8.他努力学习英语。
He ________ ________ hard.
9.她学英语吗？
_______ she _______ _______?
10.他是做什么工作的？
_______ is his _______?
11.他不在家里做作业。
He ________ _______ _______ _________ at home.
12.我们星期天不去学。
We _______ _______ _______ _______ on Sundays.
13.他经常十点钟睡觉。
He often _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ .
14.有时我五点钟起床。
Sometimes, I _______ _______ _______ _______.
15.他们早上七点钟去上学。
They _______ _______ _______ at seven _______ ________ _________.
频度副词：
英语中always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never等，叫做频度副词。这类词用来表示某一动作发生的频率，或某一状态出现的频率，即在一定的时间内动作重复发生或状态重复出现的次数。如：I always work hard at English.
I usually go to school at seven.
Do your friends often write to you?
Sometimes they play football on Friday.
He is seldom ill.
He never tells a lie.
二、always(100%)＞usually(80%)＞often(30-50%)＞sometimes(20%)＞seldom（很少）(5%)＞never（决不）(0%)
三、频度副词的位置
1）频度副词通常位于实义动词之前，动词be、助动词、情态动词等之后。
如：
We often get together.
我们常常聚会。
Jane usually goes to work by bike.
简通常骑自行车上班。
He sometimes goes there on business.
他有时到那里出差。
He can never understand.
他永远也不会明白的。
I shall always remember this.
我将永远记住这一点。
注：如果有两个助动词，频度副词通常放在第一个助动词后面。
We have never been invited to one of their parties.
他们聚会,一次也没邀请过我们。
She must sometimes have wanted to run away.
她有时候一定想到过要逃走。
2）、频度副词位于助动词之前两种情况
1. 为了表示强调，频度副词有时也可位于动词be、助动词、情态动词之前；此时助动词等应重读。如：
She always was late.
她老是迟到。
I never can remember.
我永远也记不住。
He never should have joined the army.
他根本不应当参军。
3）. 在简略答语中，当频度副词与动词be、助动词或情态动词位于句末时，频度副词必须前置。如：
―Philip is late again.‖ ―Yes, he always is.‖
―菲利普又迟到了。‖―是的，他总是迟到。‖
―Can you park your car near the shops?‖ ―Yes. I usually can.‖
―你可以在商店附近停车吗?‖―是的，通常可以。‖
I know I should take exercise, but I never do.
我知道我应该进行体育锻炼，但我从来没这样做过。
4）. sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末，often也可放在句末。如：
Sometimes she writes to me. 她有时候给我写信。
She writes to me often. 她经常给我写信。
四、用法
1. often, always, usually等通常和一般现在时连用，表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。如：
It often rains here in April. 这儿四月份常下雨。
2. always与进行时连用时，并不强调动作正在进行，而是表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。如：
He is always thinking of others. 他总是想着别人。（赞叹）
She is always asking silly questions. 她老是问些愚蠢的问题。（厌烦）
3. 对这些频度副词提问时，用how often。如：
I write to my brother sometimes.
How often do you write to your brother?
一、频度副词的概念与用法
频度副词是指表示动作发生的次数副词，常见有的never, seldom, sometimes, frequently, often, usually, always 等。
三、频度副词在否定句中的用法
在否定句中，有的频度副词位于否定词之前或之后均可，而有的频度副词则必须位于否定词之后，而还有的频度副词却必须要位于否定词。大致情况如下：
1. 频度副词usually和often可位于否定词not之前或之后。
如：
他们不常开这样的晚会。
正：They don‘t often hold such parties.
正：They often don‘t hold such parties.
星期日我们一般不在9点以前起床。
正：We don‘t usually get up before nine on Sundays.
正：We usually don‘t get up before nine on Sundays.
在否定句中，频度副词用于句中或句首，有时但会导致意思不同。
如：
He doesn‘t usually sleep for two days at a time.
他很少一连睡两天。
Usually he doesn‘t sleep for two days at a time.
他连续两天不睡觉是常事。
2. 频度副词always总是位于否定词之后，不可位于否定句之前。
如：
Things are not always what they seem to be.
外表往往是靠不住的。
Silence must not always be read as consent.
沉默并不见得一定意味着同意。
3. 频度副词sometimes总是位于否定词之前，不可位于否定词之后。
如：
Jim is sometimes not very punctual.
吉姆有时不太准时。
Debbie is sometimes not responsible for what she does.
戴比有时对她所做的事不负责任。
四、频度副词位于句末的用法
1.sometimes常可用于句末。
如：
We all get into trouble sometimes.
我们有时都会遇到麻烦。
You can‘t work all the time—it does you good to go out and enjoy yourself sometimes. 你不能总是工作，有时出去放松一下会对你有好处。
2. often有时可置于句末，但通常会带有very, quite, fairly, more, so等修饰语。如：We‘ve been there quite often.
经常去那里。
When I was young, I used to play tennis very often.
我年轻时经常打网球。
Diana used to travel a lot. These days she doesn‘t go away so often.
戴安娜过去经常旅游。最近她不常出门了。
We‘re not exactly on intimate terms, but we see each other fairly often.
我们虽算不上关系密切，但还常见面。
注：有时也可不带修饰语，但主要见于否定句或疑问句。
如：
He writes to me often.
他经常给我写信。
Do you come here often?
你常来这儿吗?
I don‘t come here often.
我不常来这儿。
3. usually有时也用于句末，其前不用修饰语。
如：
I‘m not late, usually.
我通常不迟到。
I get paid on Fridays usually.
我通常在星期五领工资。
4. seldom 一般不用于句末，除非其前带有only, very等修饰。
如：
We go out very seldom.
我们绝少外出。
I play basketball very seldom indeed.
我很少打篮球。
5. always一般不用于句末，偶尔用于句末，此时它不表法―总是‖，而表示―永远‖。如：
I‘ll love you always.
我将永远爱你。
另外，有时用于句末是因为句子有所省略的缘故。
如：
Generally they walked together on Sunday, but not always.
他们一般在星期日一起散步，但并不总是如此。
句中的but not always=but they didn‘t always walk together on Sunday。
五、频度副词位于句首的用法
1. sometimes常可用于句首。
如：
Sometimes she comes late.
有时她来得晚。
Sometimes she didn‘t agree with me.
有时她和我意见不一致。
Sometimes we get a lot of rain in August.
有时在8月份雨水很大。
2. often用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite, very修饰。
如：
Very often he comes in late.
他常常迟到。
Quite often the phone rings when I‘m in the bath.
电话经常在我洗澡时响。
3. usually有时也用于句首，其前不用修饰语。
如：
Usually I get up early.
我平时起得早。
Sometimes he comes by bus, but usually he comes by taxi.
有时他坐公共汽车来，不过他通常还是打的来。
Usually cooking pots have two small handles but pans have one long handle.
通常地深底煮锅有两只把手而平底锅只有一个长长的把手。
4. always一般不用于句首，除非是用在祈使句中。
如：
Always remember this.
请时刻记住这一点。
Always look in the mirror before starting to drive.
一定要先看看反光镜再开车。
另外，never也可用于祈使句的句首。
如：
Never tell him the news.
千万不要告诉他这消息。
Never ask her about her marriage.
决不要问她结婚的事。
5. 在正式文体中，表示否定意义的副词seldom, never可位于句首，但此时其后要用倒装语序。如：
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting.
过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。
Never did he think the book would be finished so soon.
他可没想到这本书会这么快看完。
Module 2 The natural world
I名词
一、名词的数
1．名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词又分为单数名词和复数名词
1.1 可数名词复数的规则变化
巧记妙记：两人两菜，一句话：negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes.(黑人和英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。
1.2名词复数的不规则变化
1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。
2）单复同形如：
deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese
li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin
但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:
a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。
如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说
a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，
the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。
如：The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：
a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。
b. news 是不可数名词。
c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.
<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes
若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes （各种）鱼
1.3不可数名词量的表示
1）物质名词
a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。
比较：Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。(不可数)
These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)
b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。
This factory produces steel. (不可数)
We need various steels. (可数)
c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。
单项选择 1.It has________ eye and ________nose. What is it?(Art) A. a; a B. an; a C. a; an D. an; an 2.They doesn’t have __ car. Do you have____? A. a; it B. an; it C. a; one D. an; one 3.The man ________ black is his teacher. (prep) A. in B. to C. for D. at 4.The pair of________ is red. (n) A. coats B. gloves C. pencils D. rulers 5.—What ________ yellow and blue? —It’s green. (v) A. are B. is C. have D. has 6.The girl is my teacher. Her hair _____ short. A. are B. is C .am D. be 7.—The girl is in my home. Her mom is my mom, too. Please guess!(v) —Oh. I________ .She is your sister. A. have B. do C. try D. see 8.—Where______ lily come from? —She ______from Beijing. A. is; is B. is; come C. does; come D. does; comes 9.—_____ that boy？ —He is my____. A. Who’s ;student B. Where’s ;teacher C. What’s ;student D. How’s ; teacher 10.—He is tall and has big eyes.( Adv) A.Who is Jack? B.Where is Jack from? C.What does Jack look like? D.How old is Jack? 11.—________？ —She is my English teacher. ( Adv) A.Who is the woman? B.Where is the woman? C.How is the woman? D.What does the woman look like? 12.—Is your car _______?(Adj) —no, it’s old. A. new B. young C. high D. big 13.Leo and I are in_______ grade. A. the same B. same C. the different D. different 14.Tom and I have _______cars. A. the same B. same C. the different D. different 15.Linda is our friend .She often help_______.(pron) A. her B. us C. she D. ours 16.The boy is _______ friend.(pron) A. Jim and Tim B. Jim and Tim’s C. Jim’s and Tim D. Jim’s and Tim’s 17.—_______your cloths pink? —No, _______red white.(pron) A. Are; it’s B. Is; it’s C. Are; they’re D. Is; they’re 完成句子 1.琳达认为这辆黄色的小轿车很漂亮。(v) Linda _____ the ______ car is very important. 2.刘涛，你带着棕色的帽子看起来很酷。Liu Tao，you_____ _____in the brown cap. 3.你想点什么菜，格林先生？ Can I _____ ____ _____ ,Mr. Green. 4.你能把这本书给钱慧吗？（实意v）Can you _____ this book _____ Qian Hiu. 5.你能帮我做家庭作业吗？ Could you _____ me _____ my homework? 6.你需要一些吃的东西吗？ Do you _____ something _____ _____? 7.请给我一只铅笔好么?(情态v) ______ _______ _______ give me a pencil? 8.那两位年轻的女子是李老师和高老师。Those _______ _______ two are Miss Li and Miss Gao.
初一英语语法知识点总结归纳 【导语】学习是一架保持平衡的天平，一边是付出，一边是收获，少付出少收获，多付出多收获，不劳必定无获！要想取得理想的成绩，勤奋至关重要！只有勤奋学习，才能成就美好人生！勤奋出天才，这是一面永不褪色的旗帜，它永远激励我们不断追求、不断探索。有书好好读，有书赶快读，读书的时间不多。只要我们刻苦拼搏、一心向上，就一定能取得令人满意的成绩。下面是无忧考网为您整理的《初一英语语法知识点总结归纳》，仅供大家参考。【陈述句】 1、概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，句末用句号。 2、分类：陈述句根据其语法结构，可大体分为―主语+谓语‖和―主语+连系动词+表语‖两种;而从语气的角度分，又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句(1)“主语+谓语”结构① 肯定陈述句I like that book.我喜欢那本书。(陈述一个事实) I really agree.我确实同意。(陈述一个观点) ② 否定陈述句I did not buy the TV.我没有买那个电视。(陈述一个事实) (2)主语+连系动词+表语结构① 肯定陈述名The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。(陈述观点) ② 否定陈述句Smoking is not good for your health.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。(陈述一个事实) 3、陈述句的否定结构：陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达：(1)句子的谓语动词为be , have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词+ not + 其他成分I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。We have not (haven`t) any books on animals. 我们没有任何有关动物方面
一、不定式和动名词： 1、省略了to的不定式：（助动词后面加动词原形） have sb. do sth. let sb.do sth. make sb. do sth. help sb. do sth./help sb. with sth. can/may/have to/must do sth. see sb do sth （看见某人做某事，看见全过程，类似的还有：hear sb do sth , watch sb.do sth , find sb. do sth., notice sb. do sth等） 2、带to的不定式： want to do sth. want sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. decide to do sth would like to do sth. hope to do sth. like to do sth（一般指一次性的行为）love to do sth. remember to do sth（记得去做某事，此事还未做）stop to do sth（停下来去做某事，此事是即将要做的事） 3、带to的不定式可以作后置定语，如：something to eat（吃的东西） 4、不定式表目的：如To save class time, our teacher has us do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. 为了节约课堂时间，我们的老师要求我们在课堂上做一半练习，剩下的一半在课后作为家庭作业完成。 注意：for也可表目的，但for后面加名词或动名词，如I buy it for you. 5、动名词：（介词后面加名词或动名词） have fun doing sth. practice doing sth. enjoy doing sth. what/how about doing sth. be busy doing sth. spend time doing sth. be good at doing sth.(be good at sth.) like doing sth（经常性的行为，习惯爱好） remember doing sth（记得做过某事，此事已经做了）stop doing sth（停止做某事，此事是要停止的） see sb doing sth（看见某人正在做某事，类似的有：hear sb doing sth , watch sb.doing sth , find sb. doing sth., notice sb. doing sth） No talking（与之类似的：No swimming , No smoking等）thanks for doing sth. 二、冠词 不定冠词：a , an 可数名词前可以加a 或an。以元音（不是元音字母）开头的名词前加an，以辅音开头的名词前加a 如：a uniform an hour There is a “u” and an “n” in the word. 定冠词：the，有指定性的名词前加the，前文出现过再次出现时前面也加the 注意：物主代词后面不加冠词（my home）；某些名词前不加冠词（如国家，城市，有名字的街道，三餐，具体的年份和月份等）；球类运动前不加the，而乐器前要加the。 含冠词的短语：on weekends 和on the weekend，take a bus/taxi/walk，take a photo和take photos，go to a movie和go to the movies，have a look，have a walk，have a rest，have a good time，in the neighborhood等。 三、介词（后加名词或动名词，还可组成固定短语。但注意：home , here , there ，today, tomorrow, yesterday等词除固定短语外前面不加介词；由this, that ,these, those，each, any, every, some, all等用于表示时间概念的名词前往往不加介词。） 1、介词in 表示一天中某段时间，指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如：in the morning 表示“在……里面”the window is in the wall , I sit in the chair. He is in the red shirt. The bird is in the tree. 表示“排、行、组，前、后”，如：We are in Team One. in front of（在前面）,in the front of （在前部） 表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等，如：He lives in Beijing. arrive in Yueyang 表示“包含”如：Beijing is in the north of China. 表示“用材料、语言”如：Can you say it in English? What’s this in English? 2、介词on 用来表示某一天或星期几，指明具体的某一天。如：on a rainy day 表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起，如：The book is on the table. The apple is on the tree.（树的一部分） 在…队里用on，如：on the basketball team 表示“左、右”，如：Li Ping is on my left. 用于路名，如：He lives on Nanjing Road. 表示“紧邻”如：Canada lies on the north of the U.S. 3、介词at 表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等（具体的，小的时间）。如：at noon , at 6 am 表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等，如：He lives at a small village. 用于门牌号，如：He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road. 4、介词for 表示“当作、作为”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如: Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
外研版七年级英语（上）语法专题复习 一、一般现在时： 概念： 1.现在的状态，经常或习惯性的动作。 2.主语所具的性格和能力。 3.客观真理。 常用的时间状语：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天),every day/month/year(每一天/月/年） 句型结构： （一）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.） 巩固练习 1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom. 2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here. 3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate. 4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six. 5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be). 6. ____ her parents tall? No, they____. （二）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）
主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用-助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数的构成 1.在词尾加-s：speak-speaks, work-works 2.以“辅音+y”结尾，把y改为i,再加-es：study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾,加-es：watch-watches teach-teaches 特殊情况：have-has do-does go—goes 巩固练习 .1.His parents _______(watch) TV every night. My brother _________(do) homework every day. 2.His parents _________(not watch) every night . My brother________(not do)homework every day. 3._____his parents_____(watch) TV every night ? ______ your brother _____ (do)homework every day? 4.He ____(have) two sisters. 5.Peter____(study) hard. 二．现在进行时： 表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 常用的时间状语: now（现在）,listen（看）,look（听） at the moment（此刻）, at this time（这个时候）。 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(v-ing)
七年级上册总复习 一、be（am、is、are）的基本用法: 我（I）用am，你（you）用are，is用于他（he）她（she）它（it），单数用is复数用are。否定句在be后加not,一般疑问句将be提前。回答：Yes,人称代词+ be./ No, 人称代词+be + not. 如： 1) He is Mr. Chen. He is not Mr. Chen. -- Is he Mr. Chen? -- Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 2) I am a student. I am not a student. -- Are you a student? -- Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 3) They are teachers. They are not teachers. -- Are they teachers? -- Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 练习: 用系动词be( am, is, are)的正确形式填空 1. ______ you fine? 2. I _________ Mr. Chen. 3. _____ he your mother? 4. -- ______ they from Japan? -- Yes, they _______. 5. You ________ a teacher and she _____ a doctor. 6. Where _______ Jack from? 7. I _______ fine, too. Thanks8. -- Who _______ this? -- This ________ Wang Kang. 8. -- Who _______ this? -- This ________ Wang Kang. 9. -- ____ you a student? -- Yes, I _____. 10. -- Where _______ Beijing? -- It_______ in China. 11. -- ________ Ronaldo a Brazilian? -- Yes, he ___ . 12. “I” ______ also a letter. 13. You and I _________ students. 14. He and she________ friends. 15. He and I________ teachers. 二、可数名词的复数： （1）规则变化 1）一般在名词词尾加—s 如：car----cars; apple---apples 2）以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加---es 如：box---boxes; bus---buses; watch ---watches. 3）以o结尾，加s potato-potatoes , tomato-tomatoes , hero-heroes 4）以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：family---families. 5）以fe、f结尾，变fe、f为v再加es，如：life---lives. （2）不规则变化： 1)变元音字母 如：man→men，woman→women，Frenchman→Frenchmen，tooth→teeth，foot→feet; 2)单复数同形如：sheep ，fish，Chinese，Japanese，deer 3)其他如：child – children , mouse - mice 写出下列名词的复数形式 1. teacher ___ 2. class __ 3. name __ 4. orange____ 5. number 6. apple___
七年级上册英语语法 1.介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床上 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2.冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。 1）不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。 a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book； an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 2）定冠词the the可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3、名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式： 1）一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 2）如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 3）如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节 4）表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 5）动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s"，而常常用介词of的短语
Like hamburger tomato broccoli French fries ice cream salad strawberry pear Fruit egg apple orange banana breakfast lunch dinner runner carrot chicken eat star healthy Food dessert list lots of like to do sth like doing sth. 语法 A.表达喜欢和不喜欢 重要句型 1.--------Do you like salad? ---------No, I don't./ Yes, I don't. 2.--------Does he like strawberries? ---------No, he doesn't/ Yes, he does. 3.---------Do they like French fries? -----------yes, they do./ No, they doesn't. 4, I like orange. 5.They like salad. 6.She likes ice cream. 专项练习 二、句型转换 8.I like apples. (改疑问句) Do you ______apples? 9.He likes bananas. (改否定句) He ______ ______ bananas. 10.Do they like salad ?( 改肯定句) They______ salad. 11.Does she like eggs? （否定回答）No. She _____. (肯定句) She _______eggs. 12.There are many books in the drawer.(同义句) There are _____ _______ books in the drawer. 6.my, egg, every , day, an , breakfast, has, for , uncle. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 一、They all like _______(bread), they _________(not like) rice. 二、She has _______(vegetable) and fruit for supper? 三、Do you like _________ (orange)? 四、_______he _______ (have) hamburgers for lunch? 五、There are four Americans and ten _______ (Chinese) in his class. 六、Julia has a lot of _______ (friend) at school 七、Look! Some chicken ______ on the plate(盘子), and some apples _______next to plate.(be) 八、Sandra is a _____ (run)star. 2.按要求完成下列各词 2.Watch (复数)___________ 2.relax (形容词)___________ 3,free (反义词)___________ 4 .teach (名词)_____________ A.do(第三人称)___________ 6.friend (复数)____________ 7.run (名词) _____________ 8.I (所有格)_______________
七年级英语上册语法学习知识点总结 初一英语语法学习知识点总结初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常 用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法——词法1、名词a）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, americans, germans, apples, bananas二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加 es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, chinese, japanese七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
人教版七年级（上册）英语知识点 第一块国际音标 国际音标是一种工具，其作用是标记英语字母和单词的读音。 1、20个元音 单元音： ／i:／Ee、／з:／her ／u:／do ／I／it ／?／about ／u／book ／ɑ:／are ／／or ／?／any ／／us ／／off ／e／at 双元音： ／／Ii ／／out ／／ear ／／Aa，／／Oo ／／air ／／boy ／／sure 2、28辅音： 成对的清浊辅音： ／p／map ／t／it ／k／book ／f／off ／θ／math ／s／yes ／b／club ／d／dad ／g／big ／v／have ／e／this ／z／zoo ／／fish ／／watch ／tr／tree ／ts／its ／／usually ／／orange ／dr／dress ／dz／beds 其他辅音： ／m／am ／n／and ／／English ／l／like ／h／hello ／r／red ／w／what ／j／yes 3、国际音标拼读规则： 辅见元，碰一碰。／l／在前，发本音；音节后面卷下舌。 ／p／、／t／、／k／、／tr ／清辅音，／s／后读成浊辅音。 本块词汇: speak说讲start开始school学校 s trict严格的out外面club俱乐部usually通常 dress化妆about关于大约us我们her她的ear耳朵English英语sure当然可以air空气or或者any一些boy男孩orange橙子,桔子map地图tree树math数学 off离开watch观看手表do做 like喜欢 beds床what什么hello喂是的red红色的yes是的 book书its它的 zoo动物园fish鱼dad爸爸big大的have有this这it它 Starter unit1-3 一、文化常识 1、英语文化区域，熟人之间见面，常要互相问好。早上用语Good morning ! 下午用语Good afternoon ! 晚上用语Good evening ! 例如：
七年级英语必考语法总结 一. 动词be(is,am,are)的用法 我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)、她(she)、它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。 二. this，that和it用法 (1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。 (2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处) That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处) (3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如： This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。 (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…,不说That is…。如： This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦。海伦，这是汤姆。 (5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如： This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。 (6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如： —Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗?
—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁? 注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…?/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如： ①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗? —Yes, it is. 是的，它是。 ②—What’s that? 那是什么? —It’s a kite. 是只风筝。 三. these和those用法 this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式，指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式，指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。 ①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 ③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗? 在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如： ④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗? Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 人教版七年级上册英语语法知识与习题七年级上册英语语法知识及习题定冠词的用法1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Open the door, please. 请把门打开。 2) 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a 或an”，以后再次提到用“ the）”I have a pencil , the pencil is green . 我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。 3) 用在序数词前January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界5) 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加 theplay the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴零冠词的用法52. 专有名词前一般不加冠词 Tom 汤姆China 中国Europe 欧洲2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣诞节ThanksgivingNational Day 国庆节 May Day 劳动节比较： ...on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨 ... （表示某一个。 ）感恩节3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠词 I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。 4）球类运动不加冠词 play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球play football踢足球时态概说在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的不同形 1/ 24
选择正确答案： 1. A：What’s five and eight? B：. A. Twelve B. Thirteen C. Fourteen D. Fifteen 2. Is that girl ? A. in grade four B. in Four Grade C. in Grade Four D. in four grade 3. --- How old is your father? --- He is . A. fourty-one B. fourty first C. forty-one D. forty first 4. She is English girl and we are Chinese boys. A. a, a B. an, / C. a, the D. an, the 5. She goes down to the place which is miles away from her house. A. three hundred B. several hundreds C. three hundreds D. three hundreds of 6．Mr. White lives on floor. A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth 1. We are going to learn tomorrow. A. lesson ten B. Lesson Ten C. Tenth Lesson D. The Lesson Ten 2. －How far away is the small village from London? －It’s about kilometers. A. seven hundred and twenty two B. seven hundred and twenty-two C. seven hundreds and twenty-two D. seven hundreds twenty-two 3. December is month of the year. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth D. the twelve 4. The books are for . A. we three B. three we C. us three D. three us 5. Our teacher is always to come to school. A. one B. first C. the first D. a first 6. If you want to get to the station, take . A. bus No. the nineth B. the No. 9 bus C. No. 9th bus D. No. the Ninth bus 1.The ________ man is Beckham, a famous(著名的) football player. A. two B. second C. three 2. I don’t quite like . It’s too hard. A. the fifth lesson B. the lesson five C. five lessons D. the fifth lessons 3. The road is over(超过) meters long. A. six hundred and fifty-two B. six hundreds and fifty-two C. six hundred fifty two D. six hundred fifty and two 4. January is New Year’s Day. A. one B. two C. the first D. the second 5. We have five trees. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of Movie action comedy documentary Thriller opera scary funny sad exciting really think learn about history favourite actor Weekend successful new a kind of
初一英语上册各单元知识点总结 Unit 1 My name’s Gina 【语法看点】 语法探究一：常见的打招呼的问候语 人际交往中，最常用的语言是打招呼的问候用语。在不同的 国家里，打招呼和问候的方式是不同的。中国人喜欢用“吃了吗？”“你干什么去？”作为打招呼的开场白，而在欧美国家的人 们是怎样打招呼或问候呢？ 1．熟人打招呼： —Hello! /Hi! —Hello! /Hi! 2．不同时段的问候： —Good morning/afternoon/evening/night! (Morning!／Afternoon!／Evening!) —Good morning!／afternoon!／evening！ 3．熟人间关心的问好： —How are you? —Fine. thank you. And you?(I'm fine,thank you.／I'm OK. /Not bad.) 4．晚上睡觉前的告别语： —Good night!晚安！ —Good night!晚安！ 语法探究二：打电话用语 我们经常打电话，但你知道怎样用英语给别人打电话吗？ 1.This is...(speaking)．我是…… 2.Who is that? 你是准？或Is that...(speaking)? 你是……吗？ 3.May I speak to...，please? 我可以跟…说话吗？ 4.He's in (out)．他在家（不在家）。 5.Can I take a message for you? 我可以为你捎信吗？ 6．Can I leave a message? 我可以留个信儿吗？ 7．Hold on，please．稍等。 Unit 2 This is my sister 【语法看点】 语法探究一：介绍和自我介绍 “介绍和自我介绍”是新课程标准中的话题之一。学会向外人介绍自己的家人是中学生日常用语常用的语言，也是中考中交际英