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2016年6月29日 星期三

2016年6月29日   星期三
2016年6月29日   星期三

2016年6月29日星期三

你说我说:

柠檬:人在什么情况下需要心理咨询?

有身边的朋友问,是不是心里有病的人才需要做心理咨询?接待中,很多来访者也这么问,是不是我来做咨询就表示我有心理病?

如果不是因为身份原因,真想说,就算有病你也得治啊!难道证明你心理有病就不治了?等着发展到精神病吗?

但是这样的话确实说不出口,只能说,当你出现下面情况中的四项或五项的时候你就需要考虑咨询了,不然确实有可能由压力状态发展到“心理病态”。

一、疲劳。如果你晚间睡眠很充足,但是每天依旧有起床困难症,那么你很有可能患有临床疲劳。教育硕士Jane Pernotto Ehrman、克利夫兰诊所健康研究所的行为健康专家,他曾报道:“压力犹如精力的榨干器,因为压力会无形中让你的身体机能工作过度。”如果你的身体机能感觉工作过度,即使一宿的好眠也无法让你第二天能量满满。生活中,我们需要采取些行动缓解压力,这样你的身体才能良好运转。

二、无法入睡。讽刺地是,尽管你疲劳到无法言语,但是你压力越大,就越无法入睡。压力相关的失眠症主要源自于你无法停止思考生活责任,也就是无论何时,你的身体仍然处于“工作过度模式”。当然,由于无法入睡,第二天你就会变得更疲劳,而这只会越发增加你的压力负荷。

三、总生病。显然,如果你有睡眠障碍,疾病就会接踵而至。压力期,你的身体一直负荷工作,以至于没有时间从那些悄然进入你身体的疾病中真正恢复过来。研究发现,人在重压力期免疫系统

会降低30%。放一天“精神保健假”也就是“不工作”的委婉表达,但有些时候想要维持健康的心智和体魄就必须得有一天这样的“假期”。

四、健忘。压力过大主要是因为你一次性要做太多事情。随着主要工作和生活责任的逐渐逼近,很难解决所有的小事情。如果你经常忘记把钥匙放哪儿了或者经常忘记约会、会议,那你的压力很有可能达到你的极限了。这时千万别放任自流,必要时,需主动寻求帮助。

五、慢性。头痛和身体疼痛正如我上文所说,压力过大,你的身体就会进入高度紧张模式。引发的疲劳不仅会影响你的注意力,而且还会引起身体劳损。你的身体会自然产生一种“攻击或逃离”的反应机制,该反应机制主要起源于早期人类躲避食肉动物的人文现象。如今,我们不再担心因狮子或者熊出没而受到攻击,面对工作和其它生活所引发的压力时,我们的身体也会如此反应。为何你会觉得一天的工作后,肩部按摩会让人身心舒畅?因为你的身体在过去的8个小时一直高度紧张,处理那些繁杂琐事。

六、性欲。下降当你压力极大,有一堆的事情要思考时,你的性欲就会下降。这可能会让你倍加沮丧,并希望自己能够多些床上运动,但是当机会来临时,你将会发现自己无法集中精力,或者毫无情致。你可以通过经常锻炼降低压力。

七、过于情绪化。圣克鲁兹心理学家Lucie Hemmen博士解释道,“当你压力极大时,脑干--大脑的最原始部分--就会主宰你的情绪,期待结果的部分就会模糊不清。”这就解释了为什么压力会让我们为无法改变的事情哭泣,或者有人朝你鸣笛时会勃然不怒。还记得自己孩童时期,经常熬夜或者咯咯大笑吗?同理,你的身体因负荷过重、疲劳不堪,以至于一件小小的事情都有可能激怒你,即

使自己表现得像个傻瓜。当你成年后,会因地铁上被别人不小心碰到而朝他竖中指,这样并不好。

八、消化困难。我无法形容压力对身体不适的影响。当你进入办公场所的停车场,突然涌出的恶心感就直接反映了你今天的压力。但是这不是简单的胃部隆隆声。它引发的消化问题可能会导致呕吐或者其它问题。

九、感觉头晕目眩。大家都知道,压力大时,要深呼吸,放轻松,对吧?当你感觉紧张害怕时,这可以暗示你呼吸。踢开本能,短促的呼吸会引发缺氧,进而导致头晕、发抖,甚至会失去意识。当重大压力压顶时,别憋在心里。在身心受到严重伤害时,努力掌控情况。

十、依赖。应对机制辛苦的一天工作之后,可能你只想回家,边喝着冰啤,边看着电视。当然回家喝一、两杯啤酒并没错,但是靠啤酒放松却不那么合适了。很有可能第二天一早醒来你会比之前一晚的压力更大。如果有一天,你发现自己越发依赖药或酒来释放压力,那么你应该立即寻求帮助了。

心理疾病的产生是一个慢性的过程,但是如果当量变累积到一定程度,质变是分分钟的事情。你说,是不是真的要等到变成“心理病”再来做心理咨询呢?

老赵:上星期一回阳城办事,星期二在灶上吃饭,喉咙口上方,挂了小核桃大个泡,泡破成了溃疡,星期三开始,疼痛难忍,吃饭疼,喝水疼,咳嗽疼,怕什么来什么,饭要吃吧,可再好的饭,吃的也没味道,只有疼,疼的掉泪,水要喝吧,喝一口,疙难难疼一下,咳嗽时候也疼,可是越怕咳嗽,越咳嗽,咳嗽起来疼的钻心。睡觉该没事了吧,不行,要咽唾沫,你说烦不烦,平时也不咽唾沫,可现在老要咽,你说讨厌不讨厌。我也知道口疮,吃不吃药得七天,可这七

天难熬呀,真是度日如年。今天是第八天了,还是疼点,可好多了,总算熬过来了。

如果:春天要注意饮食调养,老年人宜甘甜少酸,因为酸性食物入肝,甜性食物入脾,科多吃一些性味甘甜的大枣。俗话说“一日三个枣,终日不显老”饭不宜吃饱,汤不可过量,多吃易消化食品,有利于春季身体调养。服用花粉,可以解除疲劳。核桃可以减少肠道对胆固醇的吸收。冰糖水煮银耳,适应年老体弱,四肢乏力。

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2012年12月英语四级真题试卷(第三套)

Suffering in silence Despite a law designed to protect them, many people with disabling conditions are unaware of their rights. Carole Concha-Bell tells of her experiences. Being diagnosed v. 诊断;被诊断为(diagnose的过去分词)with a disabling condition is always a shock. Learning to live without the guarantee of health is like having to unlearn vt. 忘却;抛掉以前的想法;去掉…的弊习a previous life. The implications n. 蕴涵式;暗指,暗示;含蓄,含意; 卷入for your working life may seem intimidating 吓人的、令人不安的. There is the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 残障歧视法, of course. But does it really provide the protection in the workplace that parliament n. 议会,国会intended v. 打算;准备? Are employers merely paying lip service to 口头上承认the DDA? Or are they even aware of an employer's legal duties and responsibilities义务与责任? In my experience, it is the latter. I have received little support from employers to whom I have revealed v. 透 露(reveal的过去式);显示my condition. This has often left me feeling at a disadvantage and wondering adj. 疑惑的;觉得奇怪的why I bothered doing so in the first place 首先,第一,原本. I had been struggling with illness long before 很早以前;在…以前很久I was diagnosed. In practical terms 实际上;在实践中the diagnosis did little to aid me有助于. Of course, it enabled me to understand my body, my limitations and set me on a course to stabilize vt. 使…坚固;使…安定;装稳定器my symptoms. But it brought a new dilemma n. 困境;进退两难;两刀论法. Where I had previously struggled to work while ill, ignorant adj. 无知的;愚昧的of why my body was misbehaving vi. 作弊;行为不礼貌, I now had a name for my daily struggle: Lupus (狼疮). This is a chronic (慢性的) auto-immune 自身免疫的disorder that can affect virtually adv. 事实上,几乎;实质上any system in the body. It also leaves a huge, dark question hanging over my head when seeking employment: should I tell my employers I have a condition? It is a dilemma that continues to be a root cause of anxiety [??'za??t?] both for myself and for thousands of other UK employees. The rocky road 坎坷崎岖的路to my unfortunate enlightenment about work and disability began just after graduatio n n. 毕业;毕业典礼;when I'd set my sights on a career in communications and landed my dream job with a respected p ublic relations consultancy (咨询公司) in Bristol. But while I was learning the art of media relations, my body w asn't quite making it in health terms. I often went to work with swollen limbs n. [解剖] 四肢and fevers. At my first a nd last performance review 服务表现检讨;业绩评价, my boss was amazed that, despite my many capabilities, I hadn't quite taken control of my responsibilities. A few months later, my contract n. 合同;婚约wasn't renewed and I plunged 投入;跳 进;使陷入further into new depths of ill health. However, I was determined not to be beaten and returned to the interview trail. My next job was in publishing. But despite a shining adj. 光亮的;华丽的performance at the interview, I felt like a fraud n. 欺骗;骗子;诡计. How long would it be before I sank into ill health and depression n. 沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁again? The job was to end with a monumental adj. 不朽的;纪念碑的;非常的bang when I became so poorly I could no longer f unction n. 功能;[数] 函数;vi. 运行;活动;. A few feverish adj. 发热的;极度兴奋的weeks in bed ended in specialist appointment, where I was diagnosed with Lupus and rushed into hospital for fear that 生怕,唯恐;以免;以防万一it may have attacked my interna l adj. 内部的;内在的;国内的organs. The next 12 months were filled with confusion n. 混淆,混乱;困惑. I had no idea about benefits, felt alienated (被视为另类) by the medical establishment 医疗机构and lived off 靠……生活my savings until I was broke. I realized 意识I needed help from my family and moved to London. As soon as I felt better, I marched into a marketing recruitment n. 补充;征募新兵consultancy n. 咨询公司;顾问工作and, within 10 minutes, I had impressed the interviewer enough to be offered a job with the agency. We agreed on a decent adj. 正派的;得体的;相当 好的salary and I told him I had arthritis (关节炎) and would need to work a four-day week. Things went well at the start but soon the client 客户meetings began to fall on my day off, and I rarely le ft the office on time. I began to slip both in health and professional terms n. 术语;学期;期限;条款. The 10-hour days cras hed around my head; no amount of make-up 化装化妆组成could disguise my ill health as I battled against the odds迎 难而上,成败之际,冲破万重的困难to prove to myself that I could still make it in the business world. I often cried on the bus on 不久前my contract was due to be made permanent adj. 永久的,永恒的;不变的, I was called to the boss's office and given the "talk" about how my performance n. 性能;绩效;表演;执行was slipping, how awful I looked. I

2017年6月大学英语六级真题第三套-完整版

Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend college at home or abroad, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 【参考范文】 Whether to Attend College at Home or Abroad? Currently, with studying abroad gains mounting popularity among people, there is a heated debate about whether to attend college at home or abroad. Opinions on this topic vary from person to person. Some see more benefits in studying at home while others claim that studying abroad is a more ideal choice as it’s more challenging. Personally, I am a strong favorer of the latter view. Listed below are the reasons for my advice. First of all, attending college abroad provides an opportunity to broaden one’s experience and mind. You can acquire cross-cultural experiences and gain new perspectives on your chosen field of study. In addition, studying abroad helps you to polish your social skills; you can make friends with different people with different background. Thirdly, overseas studying is conducive to the formation of an independent, autonomous and tenacious personality, which will ultimately benefit the achievement of our life goals. Just as an old saying goes: “It is better to travel thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.” Then studying abroad can not only enable us to reap in our books, but also in our trips. And this is why attending college abroad is a preferable selection for me. Part II Listening Comprehension 说明:2017年6月大学英语六级真题全国共考了两套听力。本套(即第三套)的听力材料与第一套完全一样,只是选项的顺序不同而已,故本套不再重复给出。 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

2020年12月四级真题第三套

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套) Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明:由于2018年12月四级考试全国共考了2套听力,本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样,只是顺序不一样,因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different 26 I tried, I still couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders. I was 29 because I knew so little about it and have never it before. Eventually, my cough got so much 30 that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scraping(刮)treatment known as “Gua Sha”. I was a little 32 at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation. I didn’t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . Then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone! A) deepen I)remedies B) experiences J) scared C) hesitant D) inconvenience K) sensitive E) lessen L) sink F) licenses M) temporary G)pressured N) tremble H) recommended O) worse

2016年6月大学英语六级第3套真题

2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第三套) Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots.Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people’s daily lives. You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words. Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer.from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre. Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A)It is advertising electronic products.B)It is planning to tour East Asia. C)It is sponsoring a TV programme.D)It is giving performances in town. 2.A)20,000pounds.B)12,000pounds. C)Less than20,000pounds.D)Less than12,000pounds. 3.A)A lot of good publicity.B)Talented artists to work for it. C)Long-term investments.D)A decrease in production costs. 4.A)Promise long-term cooperation with the Company. B)Explain frankly their own current financial situation. C)Pay for the printing of the performance programme. D)Bear the cost of publicising the Company's performance. Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5.A)He has been seeing doctors and counsellors.B)He has found a new way to train his voice. C)He was caught abusing drugs.D)He might give up concert tours. 6.A)Singers may become addicted to it.B)It helps singers warm themselves up. C)Singers use it to stay away from colds.D)It can do harm to singers'vocal chords. 7.A)They are eager to become famous.B)Many lack professional training. C)Few will become successful.D)They live a glamorous life. 8.A)Harm to singers done by smoky atmospheres.B)Side effects of some common drugs. C)Voice problems among pop singers.D)Hardships experienced by many young singers. Section B Directions:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

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