Unit 2
（山东省自考英语）Text A
Caught Between Two Cultures 夹在两种文化之间
I was born and raised in Hong Kong.
我是土生土长的香港人。
For the past six years I’ve been living in the United States．
六年来一直生活在美国，
I work as a salesgirl in a large department store.
是一家大百货商店的女售货员。
Right now I’m going through a difficult period of my life which is hard for me to talk about．目前我正经历人生中一段痛苦，自己也很难讲述。
A few months ago 1 went to Hong Kong for a visit．
几个月前，我回香港探亲，
It was the first time I’d gone back there since coming to the United States．
这也是我到美国后第一次回家探亲。
I was eager to see my parents，my brothers and sisters，and my friends．
我期待着见到我的父母、兄弟姐妹和我的朋友。
I really got a shock when I arrived．
到达时，我确实大吃一惊。
Hong Kong was not the same city that I left six years ago．
香港已经不是六年前我离开时的那座城市了。
Things had changed so much that I didn’t recognize parts of it．
这儿发生了巨大的变化，一些地方都认不出来了。
My elementary school was gone．
我读书的那所小学已经不复存在。
The houses on the street where I used to live had been torn down and replaced by office buildings．
曾经住过的那条街上的房子已被拆掉，代之而起的是办公大楼。
The shock from the physical changes in the city，however，was nothing compared to the confusion and hurt I soon began to feel in my parents’home．
但是，我到了父母亲家里不久，就发现了一些令我想不通的问题，情感上也受到了挫伤。与之相比，香港外观上的变化给我的震惊算不得什么。
My family greeted me warmly when I arrived．
我的家人热情地迎接我回家。
While my mother was busy preparing a special dinner in my honor，the rest of the family eagerly asked me questions about my life in the United States．
我母亲忙着备饭为我接风，家里其余的人迫不及待地问我在美国的生活。
I felt happy that day and for a couple of days after，but then I began to feel that something was wrong．
那天和之后的几天我都非常高兴, 但是不久我就开始感觉到事情有些不对劲儿。
I noticed that my family，especially my mother, would sometimes glance at me in a strange way when I was speaking．
我注意到，在我讲话的时候，我的家人，尤其是我母亲，会以一种奇怪的目光看我。They gradually became less warm and friendly toward me，and I became uncomfortable and confused as to（至于）why they were behaving that way.
渐渐地，大家对我疏远起来，不像开始时那么热情、友好了, 我感到不舒服，弄不明白他们为什么这样对待我。
I decided to talk to my mother．
我决定和母亲谈一谈。
She asked me，“Have you forgotten your Chinese way ?”
她问我：“你忘了中国的规矩了吗?”
I asked her what she meant．
我问她指的是什么。
She said．“You’ve forgotten the place of women in a Chinese home．
她回答说：“你忘了中国家庭里女人的地位了。
You talk when you should remain silent．
应该保持沉默的时候，你却在讲话。
You speak on matters that are of concern only to men．
你就那些只与男人有关的事情发表见解。
You speak openly of your inner feelings and desires．
你直言不讳你的内心感受和愿望，
That’s not the way of a Chinese woman．
这不是中国女人的做法。
We keep our thoughts and feelings to ourselves．”
我们的想法和感情都不说出来。”
As my mother spoke，I realized what had happened to me．
听着母亲这样讲，我意识到了是怎么回事。
American including American women，are much freer in expressing their thoughts and feelings．美国人，包括美国女性，都非常自由地表达自己的思想和感情。
Also American women feel as free as men to speak or give an opinion about any subject．
美国男女一样，对任何问题都自由地发表见解。
They don’t take a silent back seat during a discussion．
在讨论中，她们不会做一个沉默的旁观者。
I guessed that through my association with Americans during the past six years，，I had gradually adopted some of their ways．
我想，过去六年和美国人的交往中, 我渐渐学了他们的一些做法。
During the next few days I tried to be a Chinese woman．
接下来的几天，我尽力作一名中国女性，
But it didn’t work．My family remained distant from me．
可是没用。家人和我疏远。
They could no longer accept me fully as one of them．
他们无法完全把我当作自己人。
I became more uncomfortable and hurt as things were said and done that made me feel that I was
an outsider,a stranger in my own country．
身在家乡却被视为外人，这使我更加不自在，感觉受到了深深的伤害。
I cut my visit short by three weeks and came back to the United States．
我提前三周结束了这次探亲，回到美国。
But coming back here didn’t lessen the confusion and pain．
但是回来之后并没有减轻我的困惑和苦恼。
In fact，I feel more confused than before．
事实上，我比以前更加困惑，
I now feel homeless．
感到无家可归。
I don’t feel like an American．
我感觉自己不是美国人，
Americans haven’t accepted me．
美国人也不接受我。
The women I work with at the store are polite enough，but they don’t try to get close to me or let me get close to them．
商店里一起工作的女同事们都对我非常礼貌，但是她们不接近我，我也无法接近她们。During the morning coffee break they make plans to have lunch together and go shopping．
上午工作休息喝咖啡时她们计划一起吃午饭，一起购物；
On Fridays they talk about the disco place they’re going to that night．
星期五她们谈论晚上要去哪家迪厅，
They never include me in their plans 。
但是从未将我列入她们的计划。
My accent，my name，and my oriental features mark me as a foreigner．
我的口音、名字和东方人的长相显示我是个外国人。
I’ve felt for a long time that I wasn’t being accepted by Americans，but I’d felt that I was Chinese and that my home was Hong Kong．
长期以来，我感到自己是中国人，我的故乡是香港，自己不被美国人接受。
Now I no longer consider Hong Kong my home．
现在我不再将香港视为我的故乡，
And so I feel homeless．
因此感到无家可归。
I’m caught between the old world where I no 1onger belong and the new world which has not yet accepted me．
我被夹在两个世界当中——不再属于原来的世界，还未被新世界接纳。
第二课
1、It was the first time I’d gone back home since coming to the United States.
这是我来美国后第一次回家探亲。
2、You speak on matters that are of concern（涉及）only to men.
你对那些只与男人有关的事情发表意见。
3、Through my association（交往）with Americans during the past six years, I had gradually （逐渐地）adopted（采用）some of their ways.
在过去的六年和美国人的交往中，我逐渐学会了他们的一些做法。
4、I no longer belong to the old world and the new world has not yet accepted me.
我不再属于旧世界，但还未被新世界接纳。
5、I no longer consider Hong Kong my home and feel homeless.
我不再将香港视做我的故乡，感到无家可归。
6、Things had changed so much in Hong Kong that I didn’t recognize parts of it.
香港发生了巨大的变化，有些地方都认不出来了。
7、I cut my visit short by three weeks and came back to the United States.
我提前三周结束了这次访问，回到美国。
8、They gradually（逐渐地）became less warm and friendly toward me.
他们对我渐渐地疏远起来，不像开始时那麽友好。
9、My mother prepared a special dinner in my honor.
我母亲特意为我准备了一顿饭。
10、They don’t take a silent（沉默的）back seat during a discussion.
在讨论中，他们不会做一个沉默的旁观者。
11、Coming b ack here didn’t lessen（减少）my confusion（混乱）and pain.
回来之后我的困惑和苦恼并没有减轻。
12、The houses on the street where I used to live had been torn down（拆卸）and replaced by office buildings.
我曾经住的那条街上的房子被拆掉了，代之而起的是办公大楼。
Ⅳ．
“Culture shock”occurs as a result of total immersion in a new culture．
“文化冲击”是完全浸人一种新文化所产生的结果。
It happens to “people who have been suddenly moved abroad”．
这一现象经常发生在“突然移居国外的人”身上。
Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language，know the customs，or understand people’s behavior in daily ['deili] ad. 每日地，日常地a. 每日的，日常的life．初来乍到者与当地人讲不同的语言，不了解当地的习俗，也无法理解人们日常生活中的行为。他们会因此而感到焦虑不安。
The visitor finds that “yes”may not always mean“yes",
旅游者发现“是”并非总代表“赞同”，
that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship，
友好不一定代表友谊，
or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes．
听起来严肃的话语也许只是玩笑。
The foreigner may be unsure as to（至于）when to shake hands or hug，when to start conversations，or how to approach a stranger．
外国人无法确定什么情况下该握手，什么情况下该拥抱，什么时候开始说话，如何结识陌生人。
The notion(概念) of “culture shock”helps explain feelings of bewilderment （n.困惑）．“文化冲击”可以帮助我们解释这种困惑感。
Language problems do not account for all the frustrations （n.挫折）that people feel．
语言并非造成人们这种挫折感的全部原因。
When one is deprived （vt.夺去）of everything that was once(adv.一次) familiar [ a.熟悉的；冒昧的]，such as understanding a transportation system，knowing how to register for university classes，or knowing how to make friends.difficulties in dealing with the new society may arise
.像交通系统，注册大学课程，交友等这些一个人曾经熟悉的一切全部消失，他在新社会中肯定会碰到一些困难。
Text B
Culture Shock —The Initial Stresses 文化冲击—最初的压力
My friend Dr．Dong had a wonderful chance to go to Seattle to present a paper at a professional meeting．
我的朋友董医生有幸获得了一次去西雅图在一个专业会议上做学术报告的好机会。Having attended my course in Intercultural Communications，he consulted me to review some of the cultural differences he might experience．
已经上过我的跨文化交际课程，他请我帮他温习一下他可能遇到的一些文化差异。
I also gave him the phone number of a friend of mine who lived in the area．
我也把在当地居住的一个朋友的电话号码给了他。
When he got back，we met to review his experience．
他回来后，我们又聚到一起回顾了他的经历。
Dr．Dong told me that the course information had helped him．
董医生告诉我，跨文化交际课上学的东西派上了用场。
He experienced the typical stages of culture shock．
他经历了文化冲击的典型阶段。
He arrived expectant and happy and enjoyed his first days very much．
他满怀期待高高兴兴地到了美国，非常愉快地度过了最初几天。
At the medical conference，he felt quite confident of his area of research and was able to perform well in his presentation．
在医学会议上，他对自己的研究领域颇为自信，而且他所做的发言也相当成功。
But after a few days, he began to feel uncomfortable．
但几天后，他开始感到有些不适应了。
His medical English was fine，but the social interaction skills were different，and he was unsure of the cues and the communication styles．
他的医学英语不错，可是社会交往技能却是另一码事，他拿不准那些暗示及交际风格。
He worried more and more that he was misunderstanding simple English greetings and table talk conventions．
他焦躁不安，连简单的英文问候语以及餐桌交谈习俗也弄不懂了。
When people greeted him with，“Hi，how’s it going ?”he thought they had asked him “where are you going ?”and answered with the name of the conference hall，only to get a confused stare from them．
有人用“嗨，一切都好吗?”和他打招呼，他以为是问他“你要去哪儿?”，答之以会议厅的名字，结果招来了疑惑的目光。
At a western style dinner，a colleague asked，“So how’re you enjoy in ’the States?”he thought he heard，“So how are you enjoying your steak?”and answered that he was having chicken，not beef．在一次西式的晚宴上，一位同事问他：“你在美国过得好吗?”他听成了“你觉得牛排味道如何?”，回答他在吃鸡肉，不是牛肉。
That time，his colleague smiled，and patiently repeated the question．
那次，那位同事笑了，并耐心重复了他的问题，
At last，they both laughed at the error．
之后俩人对这个错误大笑一通。
Such failures in understandings and communications were minor．
这类误解和交流不畅还是次要的。
But for Dr．Dong，they were the beginning of a sense of“cultural confusion”．
但对董医生来说，它们是“文化困惑”感的开始。
By the end of the meetings，he felt a deep sense of“cultural stress ”and was worn out from having to pay attention to so many new expressions and ways of dealing [ n.买卖；待遇vt.给予]with things．
在会议快要结束时，他深深地感到了“文化压力”，为待人接物时那么多的新表达方法和方式而感到精疲力竭。
He felt his handshake was not as firm as Americans’，found that people reacted[反应（常与to 连用）]unusually when he modestly insisted his English was not good after they complimented him，didn’t know how to accept dinner invitations properly and therefor missed out on going to several lunches，and so on．
他感到自己握手不如美国人那么有力；人们称赞他时，他谦虚地坚持说自己的英语不好，他发现别人的反应异乎寻常；由于搞不清如何适当地接受宴会邀请而错过了几次午餐，如此等等，不一而足。
Eventually，he was so bewildered [vt.迷惑；弄糊涂] that he felt the full impact(冲击) of“culture shock”．
最终他被搞得不知所措，彻底感受了“文化冲击”。
What is culture shock and why does it occur ? The term was coined about 50 years ago by a Swedish scholar.
什么是文化冲击，为什么会存在文化冲击?这一术语是大约50年前一位瑞典学者最先创造使用的。
His seminal article ,“Culture Shock; Adjustment to New Cultural Environments ”has been reprinted and revised for many textbooks and magazines．
其拓荒之作《文化冲击：适应新的文化环境》为许多教科书及杂志所再版和修订。
He called it “the occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad”．他将“文化冲击”定义为“突然移居海外的人所患的职业病”。
His use of the word“disease ”is a pun，because it implies that it is like an“illness”with its own “symptoms and cure”．but also that the root cause is also a feeling of “dis-”ease or unsettled uneasiness．
他用的“disease”这个词是个双关语，因为它暗示这如同一种“病，有其自身的症状和疗法”，而且其根源也是一种(dis)不(ease)适或心神不宁的感觉。
Think back on your own experience．
回想一下你自己的经历。
Have you ever moved from one context to another ?
你曾从一个环境迁到另一个吗?
Many students feel this adjustment shock when they change from one school to another，or move from a small town to a big city．
很多学生，从一所学校转到另一所，或从一个小镇到一座大城市时，都会感到这种顺应冲击。
The sensations one feels in new surroundings often include：
在新的环境下人们的感受经常包括：
Feeling like an outsider，feeling unsure of oneself or even feeling stupid；
感到像个局外人，对自己没有信心，甚至感到愚蠢；
Sensing that one’s language skills aren’t good enough，missing jokes，colloquial phrases，references to TV shows or pop songs or other cultural“insider”information；
感到自己的语言能力不足，领会不了笑话、口语化用语的含义，也搞不懂电视节目及流行歌曲或其他文化“内涵”的信息；
Feeling uneasy and unsettled，irritable and increasingly short-tem-pered；
感到不适和不安，易激怒并且脾气越来越暴躁；
Feeling lonely and wanting to go“home”，feeling more and more like a stranger or outcast；
感到孤独并且想要回”家”，感觉愈来愈像个陌生人和被抛弃的人；
Feeling overwhelmed，overloaded，daydreaming，staring blankly at things or even staring at nothing；
感到不能自持．负担过重，想人非非，失神发呆；
Becoming more and more afraid of communicating and of making mistakes，worried anxious．越来越害怕交流和犯错误，担心、焦虑。
These are all symptoms of initial culture shock．
这些都是文化冲击的最初症状。
With a new context come new ways of doing things．
新的环境伴随着新的行事方法。
Being uninitiated and unsure of what to do ,people usually have a strong sense of displacement in the beginning．
最初若没有积极性并且不知道该做什么，这种移位感通常都很强烈。
But the good news is that we humans are very good at adapting．
但是好在我们人类很善于调整适应。
Though almost all of us undergo some degree of mental stress in this period．after a few weeks or months，we learn how to“read”our new context．
尽管在转变过程中都经历了某种程度的心理压力，数周至数月后，我们就学会如何“解读”新环境，
We become aware of the new cues，the new expectations，and the new ways of communicating. 逐渐懂得了新的暗示、新的期望、新的交际方法。
With some trials (n. 考验，磨难，困难，患难) and errors(错误)，and with a 1ot of patience( n. 忍耐)with ourselves , most of us succeed in overcoming culture shock and learn to enjoy our new context．
几经磨练，加上自己的耐心，大多数人成功地克服了文化冲击，学会享受新环境。
Dr.Dong’s visit to the US was only three weeks long，but by the end of the five-day medical conference，
董医生的美国之行仅仅3周的时间，但未等5天的医学会议结束，
he was already starting to feel more confident.
他已经开始感到比较自信了。
Sure he felt a little foolish about some of the mistakes he had made，
当然他感到自己所犯的一些错误有点儿愚蠢，
but he quickly learned to laugh at his errors and found that his colleagues smiled with him．
但他很快就学会调侃自己的过错，并发现他的同事也在向他微笑。
This broke down the barriers to communication and helped him build some good professional (专业的)relationships．
这些消除了交流的障碍，帮助他建立了一些良好的业务关系
And after the conference, he contacted 联系the family I had referred him to and had a very nice time visiting them．
会议结束后，他同我提到的那一家人取得联系，并愉快地拜访了他们。
There were some new cultural surprises, but he discovered he could better understand and adapt to them．
在此过程中他又经历了一些新的文化惊奇，但他发现他能够更好地了解并适应他们。
By the time he returned to China，he was feeling quite positive about this American trip，and was glad for the new experiences and new skills it had given him．
回到中国，他感到此次美国之行很有意义，对此行的新经历和获得的新技能感到高兴。
He had become successful in the initial period in a new culture．
接触一种新文化的最初阶段，他取得了成功，
Though he had gone through some embarrassing culture stresses，each had proven to be a valuable learning experience，and in the end had helped him overcome his culture shock．
尽管经历了一些尴尬的文化压力，但每一次都证明是颇有价值的学习经历，并且，最终帮助他战胜了文化冲击。
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persist 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. B .for 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along. realized I realize did realize I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. 7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year. A .importance B. attention 8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes. A. that 9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone. through in for after over on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is. out out out out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently. Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year. Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin. "No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes. WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking. 11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what
2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） PART ONE （50 POINTS） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes 2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life. A. it B. that C. what D. this 3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting . A. while B. after C. since D. as 4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________. A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it . A. until B. if only C. in case D. unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair. A. behind B. out C. off D. over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it. A. come up B. come up to C. come over D. come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue. A. say a word with B. have words with C. mention a word with D. have a word with 9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over . A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way 10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages. A. with B. for C. to D. in Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the
全国至自学考试英语二历年真题及答案全集 Last revision on 21 December 2020
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 第一部分：阅读选择（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分） 第二部分：阅读判断（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分） 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16-25题，每题1分，共10分） 第四部分：填句补文（第26-30题，每题1分，共10分） 第五部分：填词补文（第31-40题，每题1分，共10分） 第六部分：完型补文（第41-50题，每题分，共15分） 绝密★启用前 2014年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 （课程代码00015） 第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分） 1、B 2、B 3、A 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、A 8、A 9、B 10、A 第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）
11、D 12、A 13、C 14、B 15、A 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分） 16、C 17、D 18、A 19、B 20、F 21、D 22、F 23、E 24、A 25、C 第四部分：填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分） 26、C 27、E 28、A 29、F 30、B 第五部分：填句补文（第31~40题，每题分，共15分） 31、G 32、I 33、B 34、H 35、A 36、K 37、C 38、E 39、L 40、J 第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题分，共15分） 41、born 42、resulted 43、growth 44、manufacturing 45、moved 46、addition 47、fewer 48、machines 49、unnecessary 50、unemployment 【评分参考】本部分无分和1分的计分。语法错误或拼写错误均不给分；英、美拼写均可接受；大小写错误不扣分。 第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分） 51.范文（略）
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）标准试题 (课程代码：00015) 第一部分：阅读判断题(每题1分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供 的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。 Running: Sport or Way of Life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart lungs and muscles? It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple internet search can help some in your find area. Then programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition and effort is recognized over talent. If you're looking for more than just a sport running may be the perfect choice for you 1. You may find it interesting in go for A run. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The sport of running is easy. A True B. False C. Not Given 3. It is hard to End n safe environment for running.
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to
2013年10月真题解析 2013年10月高等教育自学考试 全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷真题解析 （课程代码00015） 本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 第一部分为选择题。考生必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂作答。 第二部分为非选择题。 第一部分选择题 一、阅读判断（第1—10题，共10分） 短文后列出10个句子，根据短文内容判断每个句子。A是正确，B是错误，C是文中未提及。 Farms Appear in Cities When you h ear the word “farm”, you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops. But scientists say the farms of the future could be built in tall buildings in some large cities. It may be difficult to believe, but in fact, the technology for growing crops in doors already exists. Farming in the city is already happening. Some vegetables are already grown in greenhouses. Even the scientists at the South Pole research station can enjoy fresh vegetables they grow in their own greenhouse. Experts say indoor farming solves many problems. First, traditional farming takes up a lot of land. Growing crops in tall buildings — called vertical farming（垂直农业）— can solve the problem. Also, fruits and vegetables grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and weather. Though vertical farms don’t exist yet, experts have created a plan for recycling in such farms. The water from indoor fish ponds would be used to water crops. Gases from crop waste would be used to heat the building. Waste from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy. But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy. They say it can be difficult to control climate conditions indoors. Besides, Plants differ in their weather and lighting needs. For example, some plants like warm, sunny weather, but other plants prefer cooler temperatures. That’s not to say these difficulties won’t be overcome —but it will take time. Most experts suggest it may take about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms could be created. 【参考译文】 农场出现在城市里（城中农场） 当听到“农场”一词，你可能联想到乡下的母牛和庄稼等等。但科学家说，未来的农场可能会建在一些大城市的高楼里。 此事可能难以置信，可是事实上，在室内种庄稼已经存在了。城市里的农场已经出现，某些蔬菜已经在温室里生长。甚至在南极科考站，科学家们能享用他们在温室里自己栽种的新鲜蔬菜。 据专家们说室内农场可以解决许多问题。首先，传统农场占据大片土地。在高楼里种庄稼（称之为垂直农业）可以解决此问题。再者说，水果和蔬菜室内种植不会受到害虫和气候的威胁。 尽管垂直农场尚未成为现实，但是专家们已经在一些农场创建了再循环计划：把室内养鱼池的水用于浇灌农作物，把来自于农作物的废气用于建筑物的供热，来自于鸡和猪的粪便重新利用作为能源。 但是专家认为垂直农业并不是一件容易的事。他们说，控制室内气候环境是困难的。除此之外，植物对气候和光照需求有差异。例如，一些植物喜好温暖、阳光普照的气候，但另一些植物更喜欢较凉爽的温度。 并不是说这些困难不能克服——但是这将需要花时间。大多数专家指出，建立起第一个垂直农场可能需要五年到十五年的时间。 word “farm” may m ake you think of the countryside. Given [答疑编号0101]
Unit 1 ·The purpose of making a decision is to establish and achieve organizational goals and objectives. 决策的目的是为了建立并达到组织的目的和目的。 ·Managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance. 管理者经常必须对未来的情况做出最佳的猜测，尽管不存侥幸。 ·For managers，every decision has constraints based on policies，procedures，laws，precedents，and the like. 对于管理者来说，每次决策都是受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等因素的制约。 ·But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives. 但是这种简化倾向会他们对于其他的可选项视而不见。 ·Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best—that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals. 决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中哪一个是最好的—哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用最大。 ·Different individuals frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals，the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. ·Because different individuals frequently have different ideas
2020年08月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 课程代码 00015 本试卷共8页。满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分:阅读判断 下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据址文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果读句提供的是正确信息，选择A如果读句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果读句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。 Bicycle Commuting I may not be a movie star, best-selling author，or millionaire when I grow up，but one thing I will be known for，at least locally，is commuting by bicycle. I's sad to see how few people do even though many could Lots of people eagerly campaign for the reduction of greenhouse gases，but by driving cars，they're sill contributing to the problem. You might be picturing me as an extreme environmentalist (环保主义者)，but I'm not one of those teenagers who wear shirts that say "Help save the world: Recycle." Actually，my interest in exercise，health，and fitness led me to cycling. Cycling can help you lose weight，improve your health，and prevent many diseases. Cycling also carries a relatively low chance of injury. While being good for your body，bicycle commuting is also a great way to cut greenhouse gases. Many environmentalists recycle，plant tees，and drive hybrid cars (混合动力汽车)，but bicycle commuting could be even more effective than all of those combined. You could cut down the amount of greenhouse gases just by commuting by bicycle a few times a week. Bicycle commuting saves money too. When you buy your bicycle and the things that usually go with it. You might be shocked by the cost. But if you think about the increasingly high gas prices, you will know for sure that you can save a significant amount each year by not driving a car. You might think that you don't have time for bicycle commuting Actually. you probably do. You could cut back on your TV time and pick up this activity. It helps you care for the environment，save money，and most importantly get fit. 1. I will write a best-selling book on cycling. ( ) A:True B:False C:Not Given 英语（二）试卷第1页（共8页）
全国自考英语二试题和答案
4月全国高等教育自学考试 英语(二)试题 (代码：00015 19日下午考) 本试卷分两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 1.第一部分为选择题，应考者必须在“答题卡”的选择题答题区按要求填涂作答； 2.第二部分为非选择题，应考者必须在“答题卡”的非选择题答题区作答，不能答在试卷上； 3.全部题目必须用英文作答； 4.本试卷使用专用答题卡（答题卡上已标注课程代码、课程名称、题序号）作答，请按照试卷的题号顺序在相应的答题区域内作答。 第一部分选择题（共20分） 一、阅读判断题（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该 句提供的是正确的信息，选择A；如果该句 提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信 息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位
置上将答案选项涂黑。 Using Music to Change Your Mood Everyone knows that listening to music when feeling bad can provide a relief. Music can also reduce stress, make depression more bearable and help you relax. All the benefits of music can only be got if the listener enjoys the music he is listening to. If the listener dislikes the music or finds it boring, it will have a negative effect on him instead of a positive one. Now let’s examine what most of us do when it comes to listening to music. We usually just listen to a play list and allow a program to randomly （任意地）select the songs we are going to listen to. This is where the problem lies. What if you liked the first song but found the second one boring? What if the third one was a motivating song while the fourth didn’t suit your emotions? What do you think the result will be? What you’ll have is an emotional mess! The first song will lift your mood a little. The second will make you a little bored. The third will motivate you and then the fourth will put you down. In the end you’ll end up feeling worse than before. I strongly recommend dividing your play list into different small lists. For example, a list for relaxation, a list for motivation and so on. Another very important thing you must do is to get rid of the old music that you are bored of. Besides, don’t listen to songs with negative words or messages. The music you listen to can delay your recovery from breakups（分手）by months and months! People who listen to romantic songs after breakups recover 10 times slower than those who don’t. So be careful with your play list if you want to recover faster. 1.Music is believed to have a comforting effect. A.True B. False C. Not Given 2.One can benefit from all kinds of music. A.True B. False C. Not Given 3.People tend to listen to music selectively. A.True B. False C. Not Given 4. People generally prefer motivating songs. A.True B. False C. Not Given 5. You should listen to songs that suit your emotions. A.True B. False C. Not Given 6. It’s advisable to have different lists of songs. A.True B. False C. Not Given 7. You should remove all of the old music from your list. A.True B. False C. Not Given 8. People should listen to songs with positive words. A.True B. False C. Not Given
高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） PART ONE （50 POINTS） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes 2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life. A. it B. that C. what D. this 3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting . A. while B. after C. since D. as 4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________. A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it . A. until B. if only C. in case D. unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair. A. behind B. out C. off D. over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it. A. come up B. come up to C. come over D. come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue. A. say a word with B. have words with C. mention a word with D. have a word with 9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over . A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way 10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages. A. with B. for C. to D. in Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were not