阅读理解(含七选五)题组
(一)阅读理解(含七选五)
A (2015·福建卷)
Food festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans.Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50－metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors' lane(赛道). Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones)．All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival —The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction —food that is not just spicy(辛辣), but hot enough to make your mouth burn ，your head spin and your eyes water.Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every March.You might like to try a chocolate －covered habanero pepper —officially the hottest pepper in the world —or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's for sure —if you don't like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you!
La Tomatina —The World's Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bu n ～ol hosts
La Tomatina —the world's largest food fight. A week －long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events.The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes —official fight －starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back.Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again —and for a much －needed wash!
1．In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must ________.
A ．wear various formal clothes
B ．roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C ．kick or throw their cheese
D ．use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
2．Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?
A ．In New Mexico.
B ．In the Caribbean.
C ．In Australia.
D ．In China.
3．The celebration of La Tomatina lasts ________.
A ．three days
B ．seven days
C ．less than three days
D ．more than seven days
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.
B．More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
C．Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
D．An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.
答案与解析：
文章介绍了几个与美食有关的节日。
1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“roll a complete ch eese along a 50－metre course.On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese，or go into their competitors' lane(赛道)”可知答案选B。
答案：B
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话中的“New Mexico”可知答案。
答案：A
3．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A week－long celebration” 可知答案。
答案：B
4．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“food that is not just spicy(辛辣)”和“or any one of the thousands of products that are on show”可知答案。
答案：C
B
(2016·长春质检三)
Windows 8, apart from Windows 95, is the biggest surprise and the only version of Microsoft's operating system that has been changed from the core(核心) when compared to its former one. However, a recent study has shown that under 20% of business owners would be willing to upgrade to the new version of Windows. The reason for this remains to be discussed and debated, and we will try to throw light on this research by providing you with some of the most common advantages and disadvantages of Windows 8.
Generally speaking, there are a great number of plus_sides related to upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.
Speed—this is the biggest advantage to mention. Boot time has been reported to be up to nine times shorter than that with Windows 7.
New passwords —instead of typing your passwords, Windows 8 will let you use gestures on your favorite photos to enter your passwords. This is not only practical but also extremely cool !
Windows 8 experience — apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smartphones, tablet PC's and so on. Also, owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind, Windows 8, besides using the keyboard and mouse, will offer a whole new user experience.
However, there are still some disadvantages.
The first one that has to be mentioned is that there is no Start menu from Windows. Yes, there is no Start button in the lower left corner, and this might be a real puzzle of many Windows users. Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面) introduced by Windows 8. The biggest problem that is worth noticing is that Windows 8 was originally designed for touch screen users, and this may have a bad effect on desktop users who have gotten used to doing everything with the help of their keyboard and mouse.
5．What do “plus sides” in Paragraph 2 probab ly refer to?
A．Math symbols. B．Strengths.
C．New rules. D．Messages.
6．According to the text the greatest advantage of Windows 8 is its ________.
A．complex passwords
B．high speed
C．unique experience
D．new interface
7．From the text we can learn that Windows 8 ________.
A．no longer requires a password
B．was upgraded from Windows 95
C．will be popular with desktop users
D．can be used on more than computers
8．Many Windows 8 users face the problem that ________.
A．the Start menu is hidden in the lower left corner
B．they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons
C．the keyboard and mouse can't be used any longer
D．they don't get accustomed to the new interface
答案与解析：
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Windows 8的优缺点。
5．解析：词义猜测题。根据plus这个词的本义和下文中提到的Speed，New passwords，Windows 8 experience这三个优点以及“However，there are still some disadvantages”
可知，plus sides在此应指“优点”，故选B项。
答案：B
6．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Speed—this is the biggest advantage to mention”可知，高速是Windows 8最大的优势。
答案：B
7．解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“apart from computers，Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smartphones, tablet PC's and so on”可知，Windows
8除了电脑之外，还可以在所有的设备上使用，因此选择D。
答案：D
8．解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Also，many users have had a problem
to get used to the new interface(界面) introduced by Windows 8”可知，Windows
8的使用者面对的一个问题就是他们不习惯新界面。故选D项。
答案：D
C
(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. __9__ Trust is a risk. But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility
to fix the mistake.
Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to, misled，or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore. __10__ It's understandable, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.
●__11__ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
●__12__ If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there's a difference between being a victim and l iving with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we'll have our trust tested or violated.
● You didn't lose “everything” . Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead
of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. __13__ Instead, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
B. It is putting confidence in someone.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E. They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.
F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.
答案与解析：
本文介绍三种策略，帮助我们重新建立信任关系。
9．解析：根据上句“信任是我们从过去的经历中获取的一种行为”和下句“信任是一种冒险\”可知，此空填B，本句是对第一句话的进一步解释：“信任是信赖某人”。
答案：B
10．解析：上句“有时，人们简直无法再信任(别人)了”；下句“这是可以理解的”，由此可推测本句应是解释人们无法信任某人的原因。故填E。
答案：E
11．解析：由下句“对自己有信心能帮助你做出更好的选择”可知，前一句应是“学会真正信任自己”，故填A。
答案：A
12．解析：由本段最后一句“在我们生活中的某些时候，我们的信任会被检验或打破”可知，此处应填C，意为“不要认为自己是个受害者”。
答案：C
13．解析：副词“Instead”表示转折。可推测这里应是“看到事物积极的一面并不意味着你无视已经发生的事”。故填G。
答案：G
(二)阅读理解(含七选五)
A
(2015·陕西卷)
The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full－sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade－grown production to full－sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.
On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full－sun fields affects the area's birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits. Full －sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly dying out.
On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full－sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁) human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee－growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.
Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full－sun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies
答案与解析：
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在阳光充足的环境中生长的咖啡豆对周围环境的影响。
1．解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...leads to air pollution and global warming”可知，在阳光充足的环境中生长的咖啡豆会导致空气污染和全球变暖。
答案：B
2．解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade－grown coffee whenever possible ...The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee”可知，消费者是有选择的，要尽可能购买树荫下生长出来的咖啡豆，因为这对于地球的未来来说是很值得的。由此可以推断出，作者写作本文的目的是“劝说”。故答案为D。
答案：D
3．解析：推理判断题。由于文章主要说明的是在阳光充足的环境中生长的咖啡豆对周围环境的影响，文章主题是有关农业的，由此可判断出本篇文章来自一本农业杂志。故答案为A。
答案：A
4．解析：文章结构题。首先文章第一段提出在阳光充足的环境中生长的咖啡豆会带来一些危害；第二、三、四段通过具体的事例来说明第一段的观点；第五段中，作者总结上文内容并给出了自己的观点。故答案为A。
答案：A
B
(2015·沈阳质检一)
Jackson Language School
Summer Opening and Closing Time
The Jackson Language School is open each day except Sunday. There is an English Corner also available from 6 pm －9 pm at the Bellevue Hall across from the school.
Class Size
Classes have a minimum of 10 students and a maximum of 16 students in one class. Classes are equipped with earphones and an electronically controlled listening.
Teachers
Teachers are all experienced and have a minimum of 2 years' experience and at least a certificate in teaching English as a second language. They are all available for tutoring if you need it.
Location
The school is located 15 minutes from central London at 34 Inverleith Row, next to the Marks and Spencer shopping centre. It is near a bus stop and only a 5－minute walk from the tube.
Attendance
Students on student visas are expected to attend regularly. Students who are absent more than 60% of the time will be reported to the Student Office. Moreover, if students attend less than 80%, they will not be able to get a certificate from Jackson Language School. It is also required by the Student Office for a visa extension.
Home Stay
You are able to stay with a British family if you request so. Jackson has a home stay program that matches students with families according to their own requirements and needs. While generally no problems occur, students may move from a home stay household if he or she gives a 2－week written notice to the home stay
family school.
Language Policy
As the course is an immersion(沉浸式)program, students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school. If they speak any language other than English at the school, they may be asked to leave the school for a day.
5．If you attend more than 80% of your classes, ________.
A．you will be likely to get a certificate
B．you will not obtain a visa extension
C．you may be reported to the Student Office
D．you may not be able to get a certificate
6．The students are expected to speak English ________.
A．part of the time while at the school
B．the entire time they are at the school
C．no matter when they want to
D．when they are in a home stay family
7．At Jackson Language School, ________.
A．you can't move out of a home stay family
B．you can't take part in an English Corner
C．you can turn to a teacher when you need to be tutored
D．you can study in a class less than 10 students
答案与解析：
本文是一篇广告，主要介绍的是一所语言学校的暑假班的招生信息。
5．解析：推理判断题。根据Attendance部分中的“Moreover, if students attend less than 80%，they will not be able to get a certificate from Jackson Language School”可知，如果学生上课的时间少于总量的80%，就无法获得结业证书。由此可推断，如果学生上课的时间超过总量的80%，就可能会获得结业证书，故A项正确。
答案：A
6．解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school”可知，这个学校希望学生在学校的全部时间都说英语，故B项正确。
答案：B
7．解析：细节理解题。根据Teachers部分中的“They are all available for tutoring if you need it”可知，在这个学校，如果需要辅导的话，学生可以向这个学校的老师求助，故C项正确。
答案：C
C
(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. __8__，buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. __9__. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. __10__， it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. __11__. After two weeks, start timing yourself, __12__ . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
A. After six days
B. For a good marathon runner
C. Before you begin your training
D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time
答案与解析：
这是一篇说明文，介绍了参加马拉松训练需要细心准备并采取循序渐进的策略和技巧。
8．解析：根据上文中的“requires careful preparation”和下文中的“buy the best-fitting，best-built running shoes”可知，此处指的应是在开始训练前需要购置合适的跑鞋，故选C。
答案：C
9．解析：根据上文中的“to double－check the fit”及E项中的“still feel good”与上文中的“seem right”相呼应可知答案。
答案：E
10．解析：根据上文中的“During the first week”及下文中的“take a day off to rest”可推知，此处指六天后休息一天，故选A。
答案：A
11．解析：根据上文中的“set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run”及下文内容可知，此处指的应是每天增加半英里，故选D。
答案：D
12．解析：G项中的“improving distance and time”与上文中提到的延长跑步距离，记录跑步时间的内容相呼应，故选G。
答案：G
(三)阅读理解(含七选五)
A
(2015·重庆卷)
Join the discussion ...
Lakelander·2 hours ago
Today, a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading, making many passengers upset. I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train. I have never had the courage to do it, though.
Pak50·57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try? Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument. The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio. When his request was refused, he took out his French horn(号) and started to practise.
Angie O'Edema·42 minutes ago
I don't see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public. Don't do to others what you wouldn't like to be done to yourself. Once, a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone. I left my seat quietly, giving him some privacy to finish his conversation. He realised this and apologised to me. When his phone rang again later, he left his seat to answer it. You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.
Taodas·29 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train, and it turned out well. The guy took it in good part, and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.
Sophie76·13 minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train, but, several years ago, I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children. Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.
1．The passenger made an apology to Angie O'Edema because ________.
A．he offered his seat to someone else
B．he spoke very loudly on his phone
C．he refused to talk with Angie
D．he ignored Angie's request
2．Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train?
A．Pak50. B．Angie O'Edema.
C．Taodas. D．Sophie76.
3．What is the discussion mainly about?
A．How to react to bad behavior.
B．How to kill time on a train.
C．How to chat with strangers.
D．How to make a phone call.
4．Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A．A webpage. B．A newspaper.
C．A novel. D．A report.
答案与解析：
这是一篇应用文。人们就在公共场合大声喧哗的行为发表了不同的看法。
1．解析：细节理解题。依据Angie O'Edema的评论中的“talked out loud on his mobile phone”可知，这位乘客道歉的原因是B项。
答案：B
2．解析：细节理解题。依据Taodas的评论中的“I did read my newspaper out loud on a train”可知，Taodas曾经在火车上大声读报。
答案：C
3．解析：主旨大意题。依据文中的“I wonder how he would react if I were”和下文内容可知，人们对如何应对在公共场合大声接打电话等行为发表了自己的看法，由此可知选项A正确。
答案：A
4．解析：推理判断题。依据文中的“2 hours ago”，“57 minutes ago”等可知，这篇文章取自某一网页。
答案：A
B
(2015·南昌调研)
Beijing plans to keep a tight rule on pollution by cutting emissions caused by industrial production and vehicles when it hosts the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in November.
From November 3 to 12, the city will restrict the use of private vehicles based on even－ and odd－numbered license plates, reducing the use of such vehicles by 35 percent, the municipal(市政府的) traffic committee said on Thursday.
All vehicles transporting construction waste and dangerous chemicals will be banned from the capital's roads during this period, but the restriction will not apply to buses, taxis and other vehicles such as police cars.
The measures are similar to those introduced from July 20 to Sept. 20 in 2008 during the Beijing Olympic Games.
“The number of passe ngers using public transport will increase by 3 million a day，” said Li Shaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Management Bureau.
During the 10 days, 400 additional buses will be used to transport commuters to meet the increased demands.
The municipal government has also drawn up eight plans to reduce industrial pollution during the Asia－Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.
Zhuang Zhidong, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, said, “From Nov. 3, prod uction at some companies listed by the government will be suspended for 10 days.”
Work will also be suspended at all construction sites and on demolition projects during this period.
“More important, Beijing will work with its neighbors to control emission s，” Zhuang said, adding that there will be regular discussion on air pollution among six governments.
Neighboring authorities in Tianjin Municipality, Hebei, Shanxi and Shandong Province and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region will operate strict pollution control measures over the 10 days.
Media reports said that from Nov. 7 to 12, employee departments, institutes and social organizations in Beijing can have a holiday, except for departments dealing with the APEC meeting and city management.
5．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Cars can't be used in Beijing from November 3 to 12.
B．Not all the people in Beijing can have a holiday from November 7 to 12.
C．Citizens will choose buses as their only means of transport.
D．All the neighboring provinces will take the same measures.
6．What is the purpose of the vehicle restriction?
A．To reduce the emissions caused by vehicles.
B．To call on people to use public transport.
C．To advocate a new lifestyle.
D．To display the friendliness of Beijing people.
7．The underlined word “suspended” ( Paragraph 8 ) probably means “________”．
A．delayed B．continued
C．completed D．reduced
8．Where can you probably read the passage?
A．In a travel guide.
B．In a research paper.
C．In a newspaper.
D．In a literature magazine.
答案与解析：
本文是一篇新闻报道，在举办亚太经合组织领导人会议期间，北京将采取严厉的措施来
治理污染。
5．解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Media reports said that from Nov.7 to 12 ...the APEC meeting and city management”可知，并不是所有在北京的人这几天都有假期，故B
项正确；根据第二段中的“F rom November 3 to 12...reducing the use of such vehicles
by 35 percent”可知，是减少使用私家车，不是禁止使用，故A项错误；根据第三段中的“but the restriction will not apply to buses, taxis and other vehicles such as police cars”可知，C项不正确；根据倒数第二段“Neighboring authorities in Tianjin Municipality，Hebei，Shanxi and Shandong Province and ...control measures over the
10 days”可知，北京附近的一些地方也采取了措施治理污染，但是没提到采取的是相同的
措施，故D项不正确。
答案：B
6．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Beijing plans to keep a tight rule
on pollution by cutting emissions caused by industrial productio n and vehicles”
可知，限制汽车的使用是为了减少它们所产生的污染。故A项正确。
答案：A
7．解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的信息可知，因为要治理污染，所以一些被政
府列出来的公司的生产将被延期，即A项正确。
答案：A
8．解析：文章出处题。文章在开头就点明了主题，北京出台条例来治理污染，然后进
行了详细的说明，这符合新闻报道的写法，故本文可能来自报纸。选C项。
答案：C
C
(2015·北京卷)
This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. __9__ They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __10__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities (机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. __11__ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task — preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness\”， being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. __12__
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. __13__
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually
in the clouds.
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn't have relativity, Coke or Post-it notes.
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone.
答案与解析：
本文是一篇说明文，分析了空想的利弊，并介绍了如何有效利用空想来培养创新的想法。
9．解析：空前一句和空后一句都是空想家不好的外在表现，主语都是They，故本空答案为B项。
答案：B
10．解析：选项C中的“relativity，Coke or Post-it notes”与空前的“greatest ideas and achievements”和空后一句中的“such ideas and inventions”相对应，故答案为C项。
答案：C
11．解析：选项A中的“also helps”与空前一句中的“help”对应，且两句话主语形式统一，都说的是进入空想的条件，故答案为A项。
答案：A
12．解析：本段主要谈如何避免空想。选项E中的It指代上句中的Mindfulness，此处是对上句内容的解释，故答案为E项。
答案：E
13．解析：选项G中的“to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby”很好地解决了上句话中提出的问题，同时Therefore很好地把两句话进行了连接，故答案为G项。
答案：G
(四)阅读理解(含七选五)
A
(2015·四川卷)
No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock ‘n’ roll. Long－ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.
“Technically, I think what they're proposing is possible，” physicist Daniel Bonn said.
People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And there's no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.
The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板) . Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated_the_paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.
Evidence from the sand supports this idea. Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.
However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new stud y. West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program
showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. I thought, ‘Why don't they just try rolling the things？’” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized. That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”．
So he tried it.
He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30－kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.
They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled. The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的) path.
West hasn't tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.
1．It's widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by ________.
A．rolling them on roads
B．pushing them over the sand
C．sliding them on smooth paths
D．dragging them on some poles
2．The underlined part “lubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A．made the paths wet
B．made the paths hard
C．made the paths wide
D．made the paths slippery
3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?
A．Rolling the blocks with poles attached.
B．Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.
C．Roiling poles to move the blocks.
D．Roiling the blocks with fat.
4．Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?
A．Because more force is needed for sliding.
B．Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.
C．Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous.
D．Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.
5．What is the text mainly about?
A．An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
B．An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
C．An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
D．An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
答案与解析：
没人知道古埃及人如何建造开罗附近的金字塔。一项新的研究表明古埃及人可能是采用“滚动”的方法。
1．解析：细节理解题。第四段中的“The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths”告诉我们，很多人认为古埃及人通过光滑的道路滑动巨石。
答案：C
2．解析：词义猜测题。由该短语所在段中的“either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle”可推知，lubricated the paths意为“让路变滑”。
答案：D
3．解析：代词指代题。文中的画线词it指代的是上文的内容“A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides，he realized.That，he notes，should make a block of stone‘a lot easier to roll than a square’”，这与A项的表述相吻合。
答案：A
4．解析：细节理解题。由最后两段中的“They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path” “At least，workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths”可知，用“滚动”的方法所需的准备较少一些。
答案：D
5．解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段中的“But a new study suggests they used a little rock‘n’roll.Long－ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand，the scientists say”可知，文章主要介绍了古埃及人搬动巨石修建金字塔的一种可能的方法。
答案：D
B
(2015·云南统测)
If hacking(黑客侵入) taught us anything in 2014, it's actually nothing.
The password management firm SplashData released its list of the worst passwords of the year and it's just as terrible as you'd think. The most common leaked password in 2014 was “123456” followed by “password” —both topped the list the year before, too.
While numbers were as popular as ever as passwords, sports terms like “baseball” and “football” were used more often. Birthday years were common too (especially 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992) and names like “Michael”，“Jennifer” and “Hunter” were also among the top 100 worst passwords o f 2014.
Here's a look at the top 10 worst passwords of the year：
1.123456 (Unchanged from 2013)
2.password (Unchanged)
3.12345 ( Up 17)
4.12345678 (Down 1)
5.qwerty ( Down 1)
6.234567890 (Unchanged)
7.baseball (New)
8.dragon (New)
9.football (New)
10.monkey (New)
This year's worst passwords are painfully weak, but what were once considered clever password strategies —using symbols, capitalization, the number 3 in place of the letter “e” — are old tricks.
It's now recommended to pick a different password for each account you use — you wouldn't use the same key in all of your locks, and the same goes for passwords.
Companies like Facebook, Twitter and Apple are now trying to make hacking more difficult on their services by offering two－factor authentication(认证), which is basically like double locking your door at night. Each time you want to log in(登录) to that account, the company will send a code to your phone —it changes after each login attempt, so hackers would have to be in physical possession of your
smartphone to know the code.
6．What can we learn from the text?
A．Hackers leaked much more passwords in 2014.
B．Symbols were among the top 10 worst passwords.
C．123456 was the most common leaked password in both 2013 and 2014.
D．People are getting more experienced in picking their passwords.
7．How many passwords were ranked lower on 2014's top 10 worst passwords list?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
8．What is recommended in the text to have safer passwords?
A．Using long and strange passwords.
B．Changing passwords regularly.
C．Replacing “e” by “3” when setting passwords.
D．Choosing different passwords for different accounts.
9．To fight against hacking, some companies ________.
A．don't accept weak passwords
B．double lock their doors at night
C．combine the password with a code to prove one's identity
D．prevent hackers from stealing customers' smartphones
答案与解析：
本文主要介绍了不安全的账户密码和人们所采取的改进方法。
6．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The most common leaked password in 2014 was ‘123456’ followed by ‘password’— both topped the list the year before，too”可知，123456是2013年和2014年最普遍泄露的密码，即C项正确。
答案：C
7．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“4.12345678(Down 1)”和“5.qwerty(Down 1)”可知，有两个密码在列表里排名下降，即B项正确。
答案：B
8．解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“It's now recommended to pick a different password for each account you use”可知，为不同的账号选择不同的密码才是较安全的，即D项正确。
答案：D
9．解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，一些公司把密码和代码结合在一起来抵制黑客侵入。即C项正确。
答案：C
C
(2015·南昌调研)
Music is constantly changing, and the ways we listen to it are changing, too. Far before the online music, when music couldn't be recorded, you had to either play music yourself or hear someone else play the songs. __10__ Next came the radio and there were many innovations(新发明) that followed. Now we are going digital.
__11__ Today, music lovers discovered a good way of finding and sharing music through the Internet.
One type of online music radio station is designed to generate “unique” radio stations automatically (自动地). __12__ The disadvantage, of course, is that the computer program was picking your music for you with the result that you had to spend a lot of time previewing, skipping and banning songs you didn't like. 977 Music takes th e customized listening experience to the next level with on-demand playlists.
__13__ On 977 Music, you can add in up to 1,000 songs that mix in your favorite
music whichever way you like and play it over the Internet. __14__ 977 music. com Internet Radio playlists put you in complete control!
A. The Internet has clearly become an online heaven for music lovers.
B. Then the MP3 player was invented.
C. The next step in creating your own online radio station was to create your own playlist.
D. Then the phonograph(留声机) was invented.
E. Users typed in the name of their favorite songs or artists and could hear songs picked by a complex computer program.
F. Add any song in our library and sort your songs to play in any order you want.
G. Download all the songs you want in your computer.
答案：10－14 DAECF
(五)阅读理解(含七选五)
A
(2015·北京卷)
Revolutionary TV Ears
TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume (音量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment — maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.
TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That's why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world－famous doctors.
Doctor Recommended TV Ears!
“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television. As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”
—Robert Forbes. M．D., CA
Customer Recommended TV Ears!
“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”
— Darlene & Jack B．， CA
Risk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30－day risk free trial.
Special Offer — Now $59.95.
If you're not satisfied, return it.
Money－back guarantee!
Call now ! 800－123－7832
1．TV Ears helps you ________.
A．improve your sleeping quality
B．listen to TV without disturbing others
C．change TV channels without difficulty
D．become interested in ballgame programs
2．What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?
A．It can easily set TV on mute.
B．Its headset volume is adjustable.
C．It has a new noise reduction ear tip.
D．It applies special wireless technology.
3．This advertisement is made more believable by ________.
A．using recommendations
B．offering reasons for this invention
C．providing statistics
D．showing the results of experiments
答案与解析：
本文为一则广告。文章介绍了一款助听类产品，TV Ears，它能够帮助解决弱听人士的电视收看问题。文章介绍了该产品的独特之处以及人们的推荐理由。
1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，TV Ears能够帮助解决弱听人士的电视收看问题，也就是说，戴上这种耳机，你能收听电视节目但不会干扰他人。
答案：B
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句内容可知。这项专利技术的特殊之处在于耳机端减小了外部噪音的音量。
答案：C
3．解析：推理判断题。根据“Doctor Recommended TV Ears！”和“Customer Recommended TV Ears！”两项内容可判断出，这则广告更加令人感到可信是因为采用了推荐的方式。
答案：A
B
(2015·南宁适应性测试)
Researchers at The University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes.
“Shoes convey a thin but useful piece of information about their wearer，” the authors wrote in th e new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality. “Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal cues(非语言暗示) with symbolic messages. People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear.”
Medical Daily notes that the detailed personality information detected in the study includes a person's general age, gender, income, political ideas, and other personality, including someone's emotional stability.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes. In the study, 63 students from The University of Kansas looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
Some of the results were expected: people with higher income most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by outgoing people.
However, some r esults are funny and interesting. For example, “practical and functional” shoes were generally worn by more “agreeable” people, while ankle
boots were more closely aligned_with the “aggressive” personality. The strangest
of all may be that those who wore “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have the “calm” personality.
The researchers noted that some people would choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality information, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personality.
4．According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is true?
A．The shoes people wear may reflect the information of the wearer.
B．People would always look at strangers' shoes with a practical purpose.
C．Shoes are so funny and interesting that they attract people's much attention.
D．People pay attention to shoes in order to know the information
of the shoes.
5．According to the text, the researchers did the study by ________.
A．doing casual interviews
B．carrying out lab experiments
C．analyzing the data from the participants
D．observing the participants
6．The underlined part “aligned with” probably means ________.
A．familiar with B．related to
C．provided with D．devoted to
答案与解析：
不要以貌取人，但你知道吗：一个人的鞋子能反映出一个人的性格。
4．解析：细节理解题。文章第二段的“Shoes convey a thin but useful piece of information about their wearer”告诉我们：鞋子可能传达穿戴者的一些信息，即A项正确。
答案：A
5．解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段的最后一句“Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire”以及第五段可推断出，研究者们是根据分析参与者的资料进行研究的，即
C项正确。
答案：C
6．解析：词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段的“‘practical and functional’shoes were generally worn by more‘agreeable’ people, while ankle boots...‘aggressive’ personality”可知，讨人喜欢的人穿实用的鞋子，而有攻击性的
人喜欢穿短靴，选项中B项较接近，即B项正确。
答案：B
C
Do's and Don'ts of Donating
Giving up your unused or unwanted stuff is a great way to make space in your home for the items that you do enjoy on a regular basis. __7__ Here are 4 do's and don'ts of donating your belongings.
Do Prep Your Clothes
You've thoroughly cleaned out your closets and drawers, and have a mountain of clothing waiting to be donated. Before you bag up these pieces, inspect each one to ensure that they're in good condition. Make sure all buttons are fastened, and that you can't see any stains. __8__
Don't Donate Damaged Items
The number one rule of donating your stuff is to make sure that it's in a good, usable condition. Don't donate clothes or furniture with rips(裂口) , chipped dishes,
or books that are missing pages. __9__ Find a local company that will recycle these items instead.
Do Donate More than Just Clothes
__10__ Stuffed animals, framed pictures, unused candles, small power tools, sports equipment, ornaments, baskets, blenders, dishes, glassware, silverware, pots and pans, curtains, blankets, toasters, mixers, pillows, towels, bed sheets, bikes, and exercise equipment are much sought-after donations.
__11__
With a little common sense it's easy to figure out items that are ideal for donation. But unfortunately some people will throw away the contents of their home without a second thought. As a gentle reminder, it's never a good idea to donate car parts, flammable products, construction materials, weapons, or explosives.
A. Nobody wants to inherit your damaged belongings.
B. Food donations are always in need.
C. Don't Even Think of Donating These Items
D. Not sure where to start?
E. Don't Donate Large Appliances
F. Clothes aren't the only household，item that can be donated.
G. Wash the items to make them fresh and ready for their new owners.
答案：7－11 DGAFC
(六)阅读理解(含七选五)
A
(2015·安徽卷)
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual(个体的) ant hardly weighs anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
In colonies(群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromones(外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take_on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective(集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.
1．We can learn from the passage that ants are ________.
A．not willing to share food
B．not found around the poles
C．more successful than all other animals
D．too many to achieve any level of organization
2．Ants can use pheromones for ________.
A．escape B．communication
C．warning enemies D．arranging labor
3．What does the underline d expression “take on” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Accept. B．Employ.
C．Play with. D．Fight against.
4．Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?
A．Their behavior. B．Their size.
C．Their number. D．Their weight.
答案与解析：
这是一篇科普说明文。文章对个体渺小，实则有着庞大团队和巨大力量的蚂蚁进行了分析。作者从蚂蚁有着明确的分工合作、对集体任务无私奉献中找到了它们在地球上存活时间比恐龙还长的原因。
1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles”可知，答案为B项。
答案：B
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromones(外激素)”可知，答案为B项。
答案：B
3．解析：短语猜测题。根据第三段中“They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知，答案应为attack之类的动词。因此，答案为D项fight against“对抗”。
答案：D
4．解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一段中的“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth ...”可知答案。
答案：A
B
(2015·潍坊一模)
Can you imagine a world without chocolate? It's not something I'd like to do, so I was relieved to read that there's a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate!
The University of Reading, in England, has just opened a new clearing house for all the world's new cocoa varieties. They must be quarantined(进行检疫) before they can be grown. Why? Cocoa production hit a record high of 4.4 million tons last year but about 30% of the precious crop is regularly lost to pests and diseases. Now we don't want that, do we?
Demand for chocolate has been increasing faster than the world supply of cocoa and researchers think that new varieties are key to solving this problem.
The University of Reading has been protecting the quality of the new crop since 1985, after it took over the task from the Royal Botanical Gardens in Kew, London. And it has improved its facilities. The leader of the institution's cocoa project, Professor Paul Hadley, says, “One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean, healthy, interesting cocoa material.”
The cocoa centre has a collection of 400 plant varieties and their greenhouse uses a lot of energy to keep them in tropical conditions. After up to two years in quarantine, clean and safe seeds are sent to some 20 countries, including several in West Africa. That's where 75% of the cocoa used for chocolate worldwide comes from. The crop is extremely important for the local economy: it employs about two million people.
Professor Paul Hadley says he works with a small team of skilled technicians who look after the collection. And more of us seem to count on them now.
1、 My uncle and aunt's biggest dream was to own a farm. When they were fed up ①_________ their life in the city last year, they bought a farm and began to live there. Last month, I paid a visit to them and lived on their farm for several ②_________ (day). Growing up in a city,I had never tried horse riding. While I was there, my uncle often rode a horse around ③_________ farm. One day, he suggested that I should try riding a horse,but I ④_________ (immediate) refused. "What will happen if I fall ⑤_________ the horse suddenly?” I thought. But my uncle insisted that I should have a try. He said that every man should try horse riding. But I did not climb on the horse that ⑥_________ (prepare) for me whatever he said. The next day. some people came to visit the farm. Among them was a 10-year-old boy ⑦_________ biggest dream was to ride a horse. ⑧_________ he had never tried horse riding,he wasn't afraid at all. He climbed on a horse and enjoyed himself very much. I was so ⑨_________ (shame) of myself when I saw that. I finally decided ⑩_________ (try). You know what? It wasn't as scary as I thought at all. 2、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “The only female giant panda in Britain ①(believe) to be pregnant,” Edinburgh Zoo said Thursday. The zoo said, “Tian Tian is being②(close) monitored, but it’s unclear ③she will give birth. It’s hard to predict exactly and the panda breeding (繁殖) season can last until late September.” Tian Tian and male panda Yang Guang, who are both 14, ④(arrive) in Edinburgh on a decade-long loan from China in 2011 and are ⑤only giant pandas in Britain. Tian Tian, or Sweetie, has been pregnant several ⑥(time) before in the U. K. but has never given birth. Giant pandas have difficulty breeding and their pregnancies are very difficult⑦(follow). The animals also experience “pseudo-pregnancies (伪怀孕)”, during ⑧ their behavior and hormonal (生理的) changes indicate they are pregnant even when they are not. The zoo’s statement came after the Edinburgh Evening Nevus used the Freedom of Information Act to obtain communication between the zoo and Scottish government ⑨(show) that Tian Tian had been artificially inseminated and could give birth as early as this week. In a July 25 email, Iain Valentine, panda ⑩(direct) at the Royal
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest at one of the many roadside picnic areas. How much is the entrance fee? $25 - Private, noncommercial vehicle; $20 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter); $12 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc. This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. A $50 park annual pass provides entrance for a single private non-commercial vehicle at Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The $10 Interagency Senior Pass (62 and older) is a lifetime pass available to U.S. citizens or permanent residents. Where can you stay? Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the world's largest log structure. For those who want to be a little closer to nature, there are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from primitive pit toilets to shower and laundry facilities. There's also RV camping with and without dumping stations. Staying outside the park gives you unique Old West experiences but still keeps you close to park attractions. If you're taking a road trip to Yellowstone, you'll want to check out our Hotels and Cabins On The Road section. （1）The entrance fees listed on the web page don't apply to _______. A. temporary residents in the USA B. vehicles involving business activities C. visitors out of a certain age range D. private motorcycles and snowmobiles （2）What are you likely to acquire in the Old Faithful Inn? A. Unique old west experiences. B. Primitive pit toilets and shower. C. Knowledge of origin of the park. D. RV camping with dumping sites. （3）Where does the passage probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. A notice. D. A travel guide. 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩的地方。 （1）考查细节理解。根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下分别列出了私家非商务车入园的价格，摩托车或雪地车（冬季）入园的价格以及16岁以上的人步行、骑自行车或
题型重组练(三) (建议用时：30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 (·浙江名校新高考研究联盟联考)Brits(英国人) are extremely bad at languages, with many of us relying on the fact that the rest of the world speak English. Only half(51%) are able to speak a second language to any standard and as more people travel abroad, this is becoming an increasing regret, according to a new study. Almost two-thirds(62%) of UK adults wish they were better at speaking languages. So they can better understand a city’s culture(38% of respondents), talk with locals(24%) and go beyond the guide book(21%)． Overcoming language barriers can be one of the most difficult parts of a holiday, particularly when in unfamiliar surroundings. So stressful in the fact that 10% of respondents said they didn’t travel because of the problem. The survey by Hostelworld showed that one in five blamed getting lost on the language barrier, while a similar number had problems ordering food and one in ten got on the wrong train, plane or other form of transportation.
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. The word “homework” in the first paragraph refers to ______. A. work that is given by teachers for students to do at home B. Websites such as https://www.doczj.com/doc/ab2297184.html, and https://www.doczj.com/doc/ab2297184.html, C. tools and suggestions offered by websites D. market research and informal research
2. The underlined sentence in the passage means that you’d better ask for a raise ______. A. when the employer has a normal pulse rate B. when the employer is in a good mood C. when the company has a good financial situation D. when the company’s practices are more flexible 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The employer will give you a raise because of your personal reasons. B. You should show them that you’re worthy of a salary increase. C. You can tell your boss the exact number of salary increase you want D. Schedule a meeting with your boss but don’t push too hard. 4. It can be inferred in the last paragraph that ______. A. If your boss won’t give you a raise, you’d better take fewer responsibilities. B. It is a wise way to get a raise by letting your boss know you are doing more. C. Only if you find a proper time to talk with your boss will you get a raise. D. You should schedule a meeting within a few months to discuss the matter again. B Here’s one number to keep in mind during your next cell phone conversation: 50. A new experiment shows that spending 50 minutes with an active phone pressed up to the ear increases activity in the brain. This brain activity probably doesn't make you smarter. When cell phones are on, they emit (发出) energy in the form of radiation that could be harmful, especially after years of cell phone usage. Scientists don't know yet whether cell phones are bad for the brain. Studies like this one are attempting to find it out. The 47 participants in the experiment may have looked a little strange. Each one had two Samsung cell phones attached to his or her head — one on each ear. The phone on the left ear was off. The phone on the right ear played a message for 50 minutes, but the participants couldn't hear it because the sound was off. With this set-up, the scientists could be sure they were studying brain activity from the phone itself, and not brain activity due to listening and talking during a conversation. After 50 minutes with two phones strapped to their heads, the participants were given PET scans. The PET scan showed that the left side (the side with the phone turned off) of each participant's brain hadn't changed during the experiment. The right side of the brain, however, had used more glucose, which is a type of sugar that provides fuel to brain cells. These right-side brain cells were using almost as much glucose as the brain uses when a person is talking. This suggests th at the brain cells there were active ― even without the person hearing anything. That activity, the scientists say, was probably caused by radiation from the phone. Henry Lai, who works at the University of Washington in Seattle, is uncomfortable with the data related to cell phones. Holding a cell phone to your ear during a conversation is “not really safe,” Lai told Science News. Lai is a bioengineer at the University of Washington in Seattle. He wrote an article about the new study for a journal, but he did not work on the study. Bioengineers bring together ideas from engineering and biology. For those who don't want to wait to find out for sure whether cell phones are bad for the brain, there are ways to talk more safely. You can have short and sweet conversations, use a
2012届高考英语二轮专题复习词汇系列（一） 【必会词汇】 时刻：dawn, deadline, instant, moment, by the time, from now on, in time, on time 时段：age, century, decade, future, interval, period, stage; contemporary, permanent, temporary, forever, meanwhile, for a time/ while, for the time being 频度：annual, daily, frequent, occasional, regular, monthly, weekly, yearly, occasionally, once, seldom, twice, at a time, at times, time and time again, now and then 时序：final, former, previous, afterward(s), ago, eventually, ever, first, gradually, immediately, just, last, late, later, next, shortly, since, soon, then 相关：介词: after, at, before, by, during, for, in, on, since, throughout, until, upon 动词: last, pass, run, take 连词: after, as, as soon as, before, hardly…when, no sooner…than, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while 天气：寒冷天气：frost, ice, snow, wind, freeze, cold, freezing, snowy, windy, 温热天气：heat, warmth, clear, dry, fine, fresh, hot, mild, sunny, warm 云雨天气：cloud, downpour, rain, rainbow, shower, storm, thunder, thunderstorm, lightning, pour, cloudy, cool, damp, rain, wet 雾：fog, mist, foggy 其他：climate, forecast, weather, changeable, terrible 自然灾害：名称：earthquake, fire, flood, hurricane, volcano, typhoon, 相关动词：blow, burn, burst, destroy, die, erupt, predict, rescue, ruin, shake, supply, survive 其他：ash, damage, danger, death, disaster, nature, survival, victim, dangerous, muddy, natural 天气(Weather) 相关话题 天气与人类的生活息息相关，谈论天气，是老百姓最关注的话题之一。在写作中weather涉及的主要内容有：a. Describing weather ( sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy, hot, warm, cold, cool, etc.) b. Understanding weather reports (conditions, temperature, rain, snow, wind, sun, cloud) c. Dressing for the weather (coat, hat, umbrella, raincoat, windbreaker, etc.) d. Extreme weather (storms, gales, hurricanes, etc.) 1. 常见描述天气状况的词汇有： rainfall(降雨), snowfall(降雪), storm(暴风雨), sandstorm(沙尘暴 ), temperature(气温 ), bright, clear, fine, sunny, windy, cloudy, rainy, snowy, foggy(有雾的 ), cool, hot, dry, wet, warm, cold, chilly（寒冷的）, freezing, frost(霜冻)etc. 2. 谈论天气常用的句型： 1). Asking about the weather(询问天气情况) a). What’s the weather like today?/How is the weather today?/How is it today?今天的天气怎么样？ b) How do you like our weather? 你知道我们这儿的天气怎么样？ c). Is the weather always like this? 天气总是这样吗？ d). Is it always as cold as this? 天气总是这样冷吗？
2012届高三英语二轮专题复习----七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （1） Are you truly happy? 1 These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves．The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life． ● Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you h appy．Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value． ●Surround yourself with happy people． 2 On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious． ●When something goes wro ng, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity．Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor． ● 3 These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness． ● 4 You can treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance．Then you will be subconsciously（下意识地）putting yourself in a better mood． ●Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness．Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy． ●Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness． 5 A．It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way．B．Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood． C．Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness? D．It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself． E．Is true happiness hard to reach for most of us? F．Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy． G．Speak your trouble out to your close friends openly． （2） You can never be too sure these days in the United States of your neighbours or even your customers!
第三组 (建议用时：45分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Strange Wedding Traditions around the World Flinging raw rice and breaking a glass underfoot may seem like strange ways to celebrate a marriage, at l east if you’re not used to American customs. Strange as some U．S. wedding traditions may be, they certainly cannot take the (wedding) cake for overall wedding weirdness.Those honors go to these 5 strange wedding traditions around the globe. Blackening of the Bride and Groom (Scottish) For Scotland’s tradition of blackening of the bride, which has expanded to now include the groom, absolutely anything goes. This includes tars, feathers, pillow stuffing, dirt, rotting food, sour milk, flour—you name it and you get it, you can certainly pile it on.The blackening takes place prior to the wedding, which at least spares the tux (无尾礼服) and the wedding dress, but any time or location is fair game.Once blackened, the lucky newlywed-to-be is paraded through the streets or tied to a tree as said “friends” announce the wedding.Blackening suppose dly prepares the person for any humiliation (羞耻) that life has yet to bring, as nothing could be as humiliating as being blackened. Breaking Dishes (German) Throwing plates is typically something you do after you’ve been married a few years, unless you’re from Germany.The wonderful tradition of breaking dishes actually takes place prior to the wedding at the rehearsal dinner.Tradition says the more dishes you break, the more good luck the new bride will receive.This counts double if she’s lucky enough to get a brand new set of china as a wedding gift.After this part, the bride and groom join forces to sweep up the mess, a gesture that ensures nothing will ever get broken in their home again. Keep Your Feet on the Floor (Irish) Irish legend has it that the bride must keep her feet on the floor while she’s dancing with the groom to ensure little fairies attracted by her beauty won’t kidnap her.The quick and clever fairies are always eager to get their hands on beautiful things, and legend says the bride has long been a prime target. Irish legends throughout the ages full of tales of fairies stealing brides, although it’s not clear where the brides end up and if the destination is better than where she planned to spend her honeymoon. Passing a Rolling Pin(擀面杖)(Polish) How many Polish people does it take to pass a rolling pin? It depends on how many people are at the Polish wedding! The tradition is pretty much what it sounds like，as people stand in a circle and pass a rolling pin from one person to the next，but there’s a rule—no hands are allowed，and each person must grad and then pass the pin along using only their legs.While it is not immediately evident what the tradition means or why people do it，it is evident it would be great video to capture for future generations to enjoy. No Bathroom Breaks for Three Days(Tidong tribe，Northern Borneo) Can your bladder (膀胱)really explode? Folks who follow a marriage tradition in Northern Borneo put this question to the test.Newlyweds in the Tidong tribe must stay in their home for three days—without a single bathroom break.That means no No.1, no No.2 during this three-day period. The background of this tradition is extremely unclear... as is the feeling people probably get after not relieving