Unit Five
Health
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▆Working with Words and Expressions
1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following
sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)familiarize
2)prejudice
3)appealing
4)accelerated
5)threats
6)monitor
7)isolate
8)guarantee
9)infected
10)ignorance
11)was …equipped
12)processed
13)sponsor
14)resume
15)issued
16)contracted
2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use
them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)take advantage of
2)by contrast
3)make room for
4)bring …to an end
5)at …best
6)have attributed …to
7)at risk
8)set aside
▆Increasing Your Word Power
1.Cross out the verb that CANNOT go together with the target word or expression in the circle.
▇Answers:
The word to be crossed out
1) a. process
2) b. fulfil
3) a. operate
4) d. subtract
5) c. accelerate
6) d. contract
7) c. coordinate
8) b. exercise
2.Study the prefix “self-”, and put down the Chinese meaning after each given word.
▇Answers:
self-centred a. 自我中心的，自私的
self-conscious a. (过于在乎别人的看法等而) 忸怩的；自觉的
self-confident a. 自信的
self-evident a. 显而易见的
self-discipline n. 自律，自我约束
self-esteem n. 自尊 (心)，自信
self-image n. 自我形象
self-pity n. 自怜
Now translate the Chinese given in brackets into English with words from the above list.
▇Answers:
1)feel very self-conscious about their appearance
2)need plenty of self-discipline to fight against laziness
3)couldn’t help admiring the self-confident way
4)becoming ever more self-centred
5)may seem self-evident
6)burying/indulging themselves in self-pity
7) a blow to his self-esteem
8)have a poor self-image
Grammarin Context
Observe the following sentences from both Text A and Text B, paying special attention to the anticipatory (先行词)“it”. Then do the following two tasks.
Task 1: Examine each of the following sentences and underline the real object or subjectthat is replaced by it.
▇Answers for reference:
1)to reach an agreement in such a delicate situation
2)the way he keeps changing his mind
3)that perhaps he was lying
4)to be asked to speak here
5)buying so much food when the children are all away
Task 2:Complete the following sentences, using it as an anticipatory.
▇Answers for reference:
1)It is disappointing
2)I find it useless /pointless
3)It is not possible/ It is impossible
4)They kept it a secret/ kept it quiet
5)It is still not clear
Cloze
▇Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. Theinitial letter of each is given.
▆Answers:
1)threat
2)at risk
3)infected
4)prejudice
5)isolated
6)contracted
7)shelter
8)grieve
9)along
10)pathway
11)issue
12)bring
13)evil
14)concern ourselves with
15)support
Translation
1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.
▆Answers for reference:
1)Owing to ignorance of AIDS, people used to label HIV infected/carriers/victims as evils.
2)The campaign of Knowing More About AIDS needs to be carried on, and for/atthis stage the emphasis
needs to be put on the way (how) the disease is contracted.
3)We appeal to the young earnestly: Take care of your health, with which you’ll be best equipped to
handle any tough problems in your life.
4)The leading scientists will be meeting in Genevaon Friday to discuss problems largely caused by the
fierce competition in modern society.
5)His fear of heights was attributedto an extremely painful experience in his childhood. He was once
forced to stand alone on the 10-meter diving board for up to 10 minutes.
6)We believe that with the newly issued document on improving the medical system in rural areas, the era is
to be brought to an end when such areas are always short of doctors and medicines.
2. Translate the following paragraph into English, using the words and expressions in the box below.
▇Answers for reference:
We all want to be healthy, to be at our best when handling tough challenges. There has never been a lack of good advice on health. For example, eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, and set aside some time every week for exercise. Chronobiology, a new science, has provided us with a new approach toachieving peak efficiency. It is to coordinate our daily activities with our biological capacities. We plot on graphpapersix readings of our temperature taken at four-hour intervals throughout a day, and familiarize ourselves with such information as when our body temperature begins to rise, when it reaches its peak/the highest point, and when the bottom/the lowest point appears. Then, we plan our daily activities by following the instructions given by
chronobiology authorities. For instance, we tackle the most demanding physical work when our temperature is the highest. By contrast, we pursue mental activities like reading and reflection when our temperature is falling. In this way, what we actually do coincides with our body’s natural rhythms and we achieve our best as predicted.
Theme-Related Writing
▇Do either of the following two tasks after class.
1. Write an essay entitled “AIDS acrossthe Earth”. You can refer to the following outline for your writing. Sample essay for Task 1:
AIDS Acrossthe Earth
AIDS has killed and is threatening to kill millions all across the earth. Several million infections are reported by WHO each year. The virus does not care whether you are black or white, male or female, young or old. It will attack you as long as you are a human. Today, AIDS has become the leading killer of young adults and is turning the children whose parents suffer the disease into orphans. It is no exaggeration to say that we live under the shadow of AIDS.
There are several possible causes for such a situation: unsafe sexual intercourse; sharing or reusing contaminated needles; transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products; an infected person’s pregnancy, giving birth and breastfeeding, etc. Unfortunately, our ignorance, prejudice and silence have carried the situation to a desperate extreme. Patients are isolated or treated as outcasts by their families and their communities. AIDS victims feel ashamed to be identified as such and try hard to hide their disease. For this reason, they cannot get immediate medical treatment. Our harmful attitudes towards the disease and its victims have actually placed more people at risk.
In our fight against this deadly disease, we should educate people on how to avoid being infected with the disease and how to lead a healthy and secure life and, more importantly, how to treat AIDS patients properly. Only in this way can we really bring AIDS under control. (236 words)
2. The following is an excerpt from an article in The Guardian. Make comments on the news.
▆ S ample essay for Task 2:
Why Do Young Adults Kill Themselves?
Young adults are in the prime of their lives and are supposed to pursue their dreams and enjoy themselves. Yet it was reported in TheGuardian that suicide is the main cause of death among young adults in China. Why have so many young people ended their lives?
Three factors are thought to account for the high suicide rate: increasing stress, loneliness and a lack of medical support for depression. The most pressing one, I think, is stress. Take my college life for example. From the first day I entered the university, I have been living under pressure. I used to worry that I could not quite fit into campus life; I also feared that I might not catch up with my classmates in mystudies or could not live up to my parents’ expectations. Now I am deeply concerned about whetherI can find a desirable job after graduation. Endless pressures give rise to stress. Loneliness is another problem. Many young people find they just feel helpless when they are suffering intolerable sadness or frustration.
Suicide is a great tragedy, especially for the young. If we can find ways to relieve them of their stress and offer timely help, we may save many young lives.(206 words)
Unit Six
Happiness
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▆Working with Words and Expressions
3.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences
with them. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)inform
2)envious
3)attractive
4)snatched
5)is soaring
6)interpret
7)was substituted
8)spiritual
9)trivial
10)temporary
11)scales
12)cultivate
13)extravagant
14)purchase
4.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their
meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)work out
2)have a clear conscience
3)other than
4)fact of life
5)On the contrary
6)cried over
7)drop by
8)show off
9)looked down on
10)crossed, off
11)wore out
12)has a great deal to do with
▆Increasing Your Word Power
1.Find the preposition from Column B that best matches each adjective inColumn A, paying attention to
the“be+adj.+prep.” collocation. Some of theprepositions can be used more than once.
▆Answers:
1)of
2)from/of
3)with
4)for
5)on/upon
6)on
7)with
8)of
9)in
10)of
Now fill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper collocationyou’ve just formed. The verb “be” has already been filled in for you.
▆Answers:
1)envious of
2)intent upon/on
3)rich in
4)keen on
5)free from/of
6)fearful of
7)honest with
8)hungry for
9)remindful of
10)overwhelmed with
2.The suffixes -ee, -eer, -ese and -ess are used to form nouns. Study the box belowand form words by
adding -ee, -eer, -ese and -ess to the words given.
▆Answers:
1)actress
2)mountaineer
3)profiteer
4)refugee
5)Vietnamese
6)trainee
7)addressee
Now complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you havejust formed, using the plural form where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)addressee
2)mountaineer
3)actress
4)trainees
5)Vietnamese
6)refugees
7)profiteer
Grammarin Context
1.Now combine each pair of sentences into one by using one of the three phrasesmentioned above.
▆Answers for reference:
1)Judging from her accent, she is either Russian or Polish.
2)Either he could not come here or he did not want to.
3)I neither knew nor cared about what happened to him.
4)I cannot find out what the weather will be like tomorrow because there isneither TV nor radio in the house.
5)She can both speak and write Spanish.
6)The results of the research are both impressive and alarming.
2.Now translate the following sentences into English, using expressions ofcomparison.
▆Answers for reference:
1)If only I could do half as well as you (have done)!
2)The press has published twice as many books as it did last year.
3)Sending gifts to your kids is not thesame as giving them your companionship.
4)Since the construction of the subways was completed, the population of thesuburbs has grown twice
as large as that of the city proper.
5)An increase in income is far/much less important than a harmoniousrelationship among family
members, friends and neighbors.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.
▆Answers:
16)terminally
17)purchasing
18)other than
19)ever
20)h eld/had
21)w as t aken w ith
22)f act o f l ife
23)s ubstitute
24)tenderness
25)crossed off
26)d evoting
27)r ailing a gainst
28)c ultivate
29)filled with
Translation
1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
▆Answers for reference:
1)We should be honest with ourselves and never become foggedup by greedand cryover what we have
failed to obtain.
2)It is a fact of life that happiness brought about by material things such as property and money is
temporary.
3)For thousands of years philosophers have taken pains to interpret themeaning of happiness from their
own perspectives.
4)If you substitute material things for love or a hug, you will not get happiness,because spiritual happiness
haslittletodowith material wealth.
5)After he learned that he was terminally ill, he informed his family that hehad nothing / no property to leave
them otherthan the house he was livingin.
6)They were worn out after a long day’s work in the fields. So seeing the sun dip below the horizon, they
couldn’t wait to go back home.
2.Translate the following paragraph into English, using the words and expressionsin the box below.
▆Answers for reference:
Nowadays, the media and commercials repeat over and over again thesignificance of the material side of life, so that we have been all brainwashed intobelieving that happiness can be purchased. We showoff to people around us anew piece of property, and take pains to keep enriching our bank accounts. Weare hungry for love, trying to substitute material things for love, gentleness andtenderness. However, we have never experienced maximum happiness. We arealways envious of those who have more money and power. As a matter of fact,we have put our values in the wrong things and failed to tell/distinguish materialhappiness from spiritual happiness. Money is incredibly important, but otherthan it, we should also have good friends, a harmonious family, a strong body anda worthy goal. It is these things that (will) bring us lasting happiness. Theme-Related Writing
Do either one of the following two tasks after class.
1.Write an essay entitled “Man Does Not Live by Bread Alone”. You can refer tothe following outline:
1) Material things are important for man’s existence.
2) Man also seeks spiritual satisfaction.
3) Your conclusion.
2. When we talk about happiness, we usually refer to a specific moment when wefeel that we are very happy.
Write a short passage about one of your happiestexperiences at college.
▆Sample Essay One:
Man Does Not Live by Bread Alone
No one would doubt the truth that man’sexistence relies essentially on material things.We need them to get fed, clothed and sheltered.Once we are living near the breadline, we’ll feelfrustrated and miserable.However, our contentment does not merelylie in material things. This is especially the case inmodern times.
The fast-developing economy hasnoticeably improved our lives and fulfilled most ofour material needs. Then there comes the need ofspiritual satisfaction, which is derived from good health, close friends, a loving spouse, well-raisedchildren, a home built on love, a clear conscience,a worthy goal and an enjoyable job. While materialthings may lose their charm over time, spiritualsatisfaction will bring us lasting happiness.
Therefore, to live a happy life, we shouldfocus more on those things that meet our spiritualdemands. After all, when our need for bread is met,happiness will not come unless we feel spirituallysatisfied. (156 words)
▆Sample Essay Two:
I Really Made It
I will never forget the awful feeling in my firstOral English class at college. I tried hard to listen toevery word the teacher spoke, but what she wassaying made no sense to me. Bitterly, I admittedthat I was so poor at listening and speaking inEnglish.
I wept several times, cursing my middleschool for failing to provide adequate listeningand speaking practice. But finally I calmed downbecause the familiar words rang in my ears: Theremust be a way out. I had a rather solid foundationof English vocabulary and grammar. What was leftfor me to do was to increase my listening inputand speaking output. I made it a rule that everymorning I would do reading aloud by the campuslake for 40 minutes, and every evening I would stayin the language lab, listening to English for at leastan hour.
Then at the end of the second year camemy happiest moment: I got the Scholarship forAcademic Excellence. When the president grantedme the award, I grinned from ear to ear, realizingwith pleasure that happiness is gained throughhard work. (197 words)
Unit Seven
Education
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with Words and Expressions
5.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences
with them. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
a)associate
b)specializes
c)combined
d)emphasis
e)suffices
f)phase
g)presided
h)peculiar
i)rear
j)negotiate
k)indispensable
l)illusion
m)implemented
n)reconcile
6.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in
the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
15)stay out of
16)try out
17)in store
18)lend themselves to
19)in essence
20)in accordance with
21)crying out for
22)See to it that
23)have no business
24)get out of
25)to this end
26)calls for
27)brought about
28)averaged out
▆Increasing Your Word Power
1. Study the following pairs of words which are similar in meaning. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each pair and fill in each blank with an appropriate one. Change the form where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)participating
2)enroll
3)proved
4)certified
5)reveal
6)exposed
7)assume
8)think
9)host
10)presiding
11)shook
12)shuddered
13)negotiating
14)reconcile
15)diversity
16)distinction
17)imagination
18)illusion
19)scheme
20)plan
2.The prefixes radio- and tele- are used to form new words, as is shown in the following table.
Now fill in the blanks in the following sentences using the words in the above table. Change the forms where necessary.
▆Answers:
1)telescopes
2)telecast
3)Telemarketing
4)radioactive
5)radio frequency
6)teleplay
7)teleconference
Grammar in Context
1.Examine the following sentences, paying special attention to the two different sentence patterns
introduced respectively by “so…that” and “such…that.”
Now recast the following sentences using “so…that”or “such…that”.
▆Answers for reference:
1)such a shy boy
2)such a well-written report
3)such a long time
4)so many people
5)so firmly
2.The italicised subordinators (从属连词) in the following sentences are incorrectly used. Study the
sentences carefully and put the correct ones in the brackets.
▆Answers:
1)before
2)when
3)until
4)unless
5)as
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.
▆Answers:
30)To this end
31)in store
32)indispensable
33)calls for
34)diversity
35)implement
36)In accordance with
37)emphasis
38)combining
39)in depth
40)equip
41)independent
42)access
43)get…out of
Translation
1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
▆ Answers for reference:
1) A positive attitude towards life is indispensable in that/because it lays the foundations for the
successes of one’s future work and studies.
2)West China is crying out for talented people for its development. To this end, the government has
laid down /made favorable policies, calling for more college graduates to go and work there.
3)Upon/On graduation, the president will present you with the diploma, which certifies that you have
specialized in business administration and passed all the exams you are required to take.
4)Web addicts spend so much time on the Internet that they are unable to draw a distinction between
the virtual world and the real world.
5)Auniversity will see to it that every student is put in touch with mankind’s spiritual resources, even if
they are merely fragments of those great thinkers’ minds and experience.
6)Distance learning is a global trend. With its quick growth/development, people are given/ can enjoy an
equally convenient access to educational resources, no matter where they are.
2.Translate the following paragraph into English using the words and expressions in the box below.
▆ Answers for reference:
A university, in essence, provides students with both occupational training and intellectual development. The students acquire professional skills in order to have the minimum qualifications to become specialists, such as pharmacists, engineers, technicians and lawyers. It might be reasonable to believe that those skills suffice to enable them to get a good job. Nevertheless, does one feel content with merely a good job? We know that most young people who enroll in universities long for not only professional training, but also quality education;namely, they want to learn what the past learnt for them and get in touch with the minds and experience of the master thinkers in order to become civilized people. Those who are knowledgeable only in their peculiar fields may be labeled (as) “mechanized savages”, because of their incompetence in understanding the thinking and works of other fields, for example, philosophy, literature and thearts. Thus, the university is most likely to help young people realize two dreams after they graduate:having a good job where their occupational training will be effective, and living a meaningful life for which diversity of knowledge is
required.
Theme-Related Writing
Do either one of the following two tasks after class.
1.Write an essay entitled “The Significance of Lifelong Education.” The following outline may be of
some help:
1)In the past, a college education was enough to ensure a well-paid, much-respected job and a sense of
achievement.
2)Today,with the increasing competition in our “knowledge society”, it is a must to renew one’s
knowledge and upgrade one’s skills. What’s more, a general college education serves only as a passport to lifetime education.
3)The concept of lifelong education finds expression in the slogan “Live and Learn.”
2.“Should FamilySchooling E xist?” This question is raised in a news report carried in an English
newspaper in China. Read the report below and write a short essay to express your own views on the issue.
▆ Sample essay for task 1:
The Significance of Lifelong Education
Decades ago, due to the low standard of living in China, only a small percentage of the nation’s population could receive college education. Once given the opportunity, one would surely secure a well-paid and much-respected job, which he or she would probably do for a lifetime. Therefore, to secure a college degree used to be the ultimate goal of a person’s education.
Today, however, we are living in what is called a “knowledge society,”where creative ideas and innovations are generated at a fantastic speed. One must constantly renew one’s knowledge and upgrade one’s skills so as to meet the needs of the changing world. Moreover, at the stage of general education, it is pointless for a person to attempt to know everything. Whenone is required to settle down to be a specialist in a specific field, one has to make an in-depth study of the subject one is supposed to know. In this sense, general education can provide students with only a passport to lifelong education. As Robert Maynard Hutchins once said, the object of education is to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives.
In my opinion, life in modern society is not only a process of “learning to live”but also a process of “living to learn”. The slogan “Live and Learn” can best reflect the concept of lifelong education. (226 words)
▆ Sample essay for task 2:
Should Family Schooling Exist？
Meng Mu Tang, a private school in Shanghai, is modeledafter the educational system of ancient Chinese home schools, which favored rote memorization and recitation of classic works. But the local education authorities in Shanghai have declared it illegal according to a report in 21st Century. Should family schooling exist? What role should it play?
In my opinion, family schooling should be permitted to play a positive role in the current educational system in China. Every family should be free to choose the form of education that best suits their children’s interests and natural gifts. Although the existing educationsystem in China has remarkably improved, it does not fit each child perfectly. Since family schooling provides a means to develop a person’s talents and unique interest, Meng Mu Tang, as a private schoolgeared to a specific group of children, should not be banned in haste. In view of the current dynamic, quality-minded educational reforms in China, we should permit family schooling to enrich and diversify our educational system.
On the other hand, home schooling should adapt itself to the modern world. To prepare children for the future, it should equip them with knowledge and innovative power so that they can cope with the development of the modernworld. While tapping children’s innate talents on an individual basis, family schooling should never neglect their all-round development. Meng Mu Tang may not be a perfect private school, but we should let it live and have a try so that family schooling mayeventually become an indispensable component of our formal education. (260 words)
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Unit One Man and Nature Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) spark 2) compelled 3) bare 4) scrape 5) destruction 6) output 7) retreat 8) tipped 9) miracle 10) eternal 11) pile 12) transfer 13) mass 14) thereby 15) have emerged 16) trigger 17) threaten 18) consumed 19) hollow 2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) show signs of 2) cope with 3) lives in fear of 4) tough it out 5) cut down 6) from head to foot 7) searched out 8) nothing short of 9) As yet 10) settle in 11) take heart
最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2答案 课后练习答案 Unit1 Ways of Learning Part II Reading Task Comprehension Content Question Pair Work 1. They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing. 2. Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel. 3. They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly. 4. Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity. 5. Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel. 6. He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively by oneself. 7. He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.
Unit One Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1)bunch 2)amazed 3)shift 4)bundle 5)drop 6)capacity 7)participating 8)style 9)commerce
10)rob 11)symbol 12)appreciated 13)displayed 14)slip 15)conquer 16)roast 17)figured 2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings Do you know how to use them in the proper context Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1)in rich contrast to 2)are exposed to 3)risked his life 4)rely on 5)at knife-point 6)stands out
Unit One People Around Us Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) crease 2) hint 3) assured 4) awaiting 5) hovering 6) scrawled 7) glistening 8) frail 9) sole 10) visible 11) engaged 12) biased 13) dreading 14) grinning 2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) for fear of 2) pulled up 3) except for 4) get by 5) make a living 6) every so often 7) in the background 8) Shut off 9) each and every 10) as it is 11) wraps … around her little finger 12) caught us …unawares ▆Increasing Y our Word Power 1.Choose the definition from Column B that best matches each phrasal verb in Column A, paying attention to the V+ Prep./Ad. collocation.
大学物理实验教材课后思考题答案 一、转动惯量： 1．由于采用了气垫装置，这使得气垫摆摆轮在摆动过程中受到的空气粘滞阻尼力矩降低至最小程度，可以忽略不计。但如果考虑这种阻尼的存在，试问它对气垫摆的摆动（如频率等）有无影响？在摆轮摆动中，阻尼力矩是否保持不变？ 答：如果考虑空气粘滞阻尼力矩的存在，气垫摆摆动时频率减小，振幅会变小。（或者说对频率有影响， 对振幅有影响） 在摆轮摆动中，阻尼力矩会越变越小。 2．为什么圆环的内、外径只需单次测量？实验中对转动惯量的测量精度影响最大的是哪些因素？ 答：圆环的内、外径相对圆柱的直径大很多，使用相同的测量工具测量时，相对误差较小，故只需单次测 量即可。（对测量结果影响大小） 实验中对转动惯量测量影响最大的因素是周期的测量。（或者阻尼力矩的影响、摆轮是否正常、平稳的摆动、物体摆放位置是否合适、摆轮摆动的角度是否合适等） 3．试总结用气垫摆测量物体转动惯量的方法有什么基本特点？ 答：原理清晰、结论简单、设计巧妙、测量方便、最大限度的减小了阻尼力矩。 三、混沌思考题 1. 精品文档
有程序（各种语言皆可）、K值的取值范围、图 +5分 有程序没有K值范围和图 +2分 只有K值范围 +1分 有图和K值范围 +2分 2.（1）．混沌具有内在的随机性：从确定性非线性系统的演化过程看，它们在混沌区的行为都表现出随机不确定性。然而这种不确定性不是来源于外部环境的随机因素对系统运动的影响，而是系统自发 精品文档
精品文档 产生的 （2）．混沌具有分形的性质（3）．混沌具有标度不变性（4）．混沌现象还具有对初始条件的敏感依赖性：对具有内在随机性的混沌系统而言，从两个非常接近的初值出发的两个轨线在 经过长时间演化之后，可能变得相距“足够”远，表现出对初值的极端敏感，即所谓“失之毫厘，谬之千里”。 答对2条以上+1分，否则不给分，只举例的不给分。 四、半导体PN 结 （1）用集成运算放大器组成电流一电压变换器测量11610~10--A 电流，有哪些优点? 答：具有输入阻抗低、电流灵敏度高、温漂小、线性好、设计制作简单、结构牢靠等优点。 （2）本实验在测量PN 结温度时，应该注意哪些问题？ 答：在记录数据开始和结束时，同时都要记录下干井中温度θ，取温度平均值θ。 （3）在用基本函数进行曲线拟合求经验公式时，如何检验哪一种函数式拟合得最好，或者拟合的经验公式最符合实验规律？ 答：运用最小二乘法，将实验数据分别代入线性回归、指数回归、乘幂回归这三种常用的基本函数，然后求出衡量各回归方程好坏的拟合度R 2。拟合度最接近于1的函数，拟合得最好。 五、地磁场 （1）磁阻传感器和霍耳传感器在工作原理有什么区别？ 答：前者是磁场变化引起材料阻值变化，最终使得电桥外接电压转变为对应的输出电压；后者是磁场变化引起流经材料内部的载流子发生偏转而产生电压。 （2）为何坡莫合金磁阻传感器遇到较强磁场时，其灵敏度会降低？用什么方法来恢复其原来的灵敏度？ 答：传感器遇到强磁场感应时，对应的磁阻材料将产生磁畴饱和现象，外加磁场很难改变磁阻材料的
Unit Two Optimism and Positive Thinking Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers: 1)positive 2)startled 3)perspective 4)harden 5)shape 6)address 7)crises 8)curse 9)incredible 10)conversely 11)issue 12)response 13)prior 14)rare 15)accomplish 2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers: 1)get the hang of 2)have lived through 3)makes a difference 4)have no idea 5)concerned with 6)slipped over 7)ran into 8)in reverse 9)mull over ▆Increasing Your Word Power 1.Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary.
U5 1.培养正确的感情是极其必要的，因为它可以为一个人将来学习和工作的成功奠定基础。 Cultivating the right emotions is indispensable in that it lays the foundations for the success of one’s future work and studies. 2.中国西部发展急需人才，政府为此制定了优惠政策，号召更多大学毕业生去西部工作。West China is crying out for talented people for its development .To this end，the government has laid down favorable policies，calling for more college graduates to go and work there. 3.你怎么可以在我这样艰难的时候对我置之不理呢？我们患难与共差不多半个世纪了。How can you turn your back on me when I am in such difficulty? We have gone through trials and tribulations for practically half a century. 4.网虫们很多时间都泡在网上，以至于他们无法分辨虚拟世界与现实世界。 Web addicts spend so much time on the Internet that they are unable to draw a distinction between the virtual world and the real world. 5.生活在城市的人常常会有这样的幻想：乡村生活是闲适安逸的。其实不一定是这回事儿。Urban residents often have the illusion that rural life is always leisurely and comfortable. In fact, that may not be the case. 6.远程学习是个全球化的趋势。随着它的迅速发展，人们无论身处何地都能有同样方便的途径享受教育资源。 Distance learning is a global trend. With its quick growth，people are given an equally convenient access to educational resources，no matter where they are. U6 1.我们中国人会再三地请客人多吃饭桌上的菜，以表明我们好客。 As a proof of our hospitality，we Chinese will repeatedly ask our guests to help themselves to
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新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版课后题答案-综合教程 新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版综合教程课后题答案 Unit One Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions
1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: bunch 1)amazed 2)shift 3)bundle 4)drop 5)capacity 6)participating 7)style 8)commerce 9)rob 10)symbol 11)appreciated 12)displayed 13)slip 14)conquer 15)roast 16)figured 17) 2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
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1)What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker.(我不曾想到，随着时间的流逝，我果真以身为社工而感到自豪） 2)Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!”(奶奶迅速瞥了一眼墙上的时钟，发出一声惊呼;天哪，我们要赶不上火车了！) 3)At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances?(我总在幼儿园门口看到一些孩子抓住父母不让走。请问；在这种情况下，年轻的父母是得对孩子严厉些，赶紧离开？） 4)In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. （昏暗的路灯下站着一个哭泣 的小女孩。） 5)When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6)Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. 1)In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take / receive the maximum while you give the minimum. （无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。） 2)I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all. （我 把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人） 3)We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease. （我们带父母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但是一切都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病) 4)Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect dayto express love to the object of your / one’s affection. 5)In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost / virtually simultaneous. 6)Love needs to be nurtured, and the “eternal / everlasting love”that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other. 1)The gasoline price is now at an all-time high, which has brought about wide public concern. (当下汽油价格达到历史新高，这引发了公众的广泛关注） 2)He found that fish and rice feature the Japanese diet, and he then proceeded to write a report on Japanese cooking culture. （他发现鱼和米方是日本人的饮食特色，随即开始就日本饮食文化撰写一份报道） 3)The spectators expected me to come in first but they were in for a shock. With a tumble, my chances for a gold medal in figure skating evaporated. （观众们以为我会轻而昐举名列第一名，哪知我使他们大吃一惊。因为跌倒，我获得花样滑冰金牌的希望就化为了泡影） 4)He was a beggar but he didn’t look the part at all, because he was clean-shaven, wearing glasses and a brand-new suit.
P31 第一章 习题答案 3. 一质点沿x 轴运动，其加速度a 与位置坐标x 的关系为 a ＝2＋6 x 2 (SI) 如果质点在原点处的速度为零，试求其在任意位置处的速度． 解：设质点在x 处的速度为v ， 62d d d d d d 2x t x x t a +=?== v v ()x x x d 62d 0 2 ?? += v v v () 2 2 1 3 x x +=v 4.有一质点沿x 轴作直线运动，t 时刻的坐标为x = 4.5 t 2 – 2 t 3 (SI) ．试求： (1) 第2秒内的平均速度； (2) 第2秒末的瞬时速度； (3) 第2秒内的路程． 解：(1) 5.0/-==??t x v m/s (2) v = d x /d t = 9t - 6t 2 v (2) =-6 m/s (3) S = |x (1.5)-x (1)| + |x (2)-x (1.5)| = 2.25 m 5. 一质点沿半径为R 的圆周运动．质点所经过的弧长与时间的关系为2 2 1ct bt S + = 其中b 、c 是大于零的常量，求从0=t 开始到切向加速度与法向加速度大小相等时所经历的时间． 解： ct b t S +==d /d v c t a t ==d /d v ()R ct b a n /2 += 根据题意： a t = a n 即 ()R ct b c /2 += 解得 c b c R t -= 6.由楼窗口以水平初速度0v 射出一发子弹，取枪口为原点，沿0v 方向为x 轴，竖直向下为y 轴，并取发射时刻t 为0，试求： (1) 子弹在任一时刻t 的位置坐标及轨迹方程； (2) 子弹在t 时刻的速度，切向加速度和法向加速度． 解：(1) 2 02 1gt y t x = = , v 202/2 1v g x y = (2) v x = v 0，v y = g t ，速度大小为： 2 22 02 2 t g y x +=+=v v v v 方向为：与x 轴夹角 θ = tg -1( gt /v 0) 222 02//d d t g t g t a t +==v v 与v 同向．
Unit ONE Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) spark 2) compelled 3) bare 4) scrape 5) destruction 6) output 7) retreat 8) tipped 9) miracle
10) eternal 11) pile 12) transfer 13) mass 14) thereby 15) have emerged 16) trigger 17) threaten 18) consumed 19) hollow 2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) show signs of 2) cope with 3) lives in fear of
习题1 1.1选择题 (1) 一运动质点在某瞬时位于矢径),(y x r 的端点处，其速度大小为 (A)dt dr (B)dt r d (C)dt r d | | (D) 22)()(dt dy dt dx [答案：D] (2) 一质点作直线运动，某时刻的瞬时速度s m v /2 ，瞬时加速度2 /2s m a ，则一秒钟后质点的速度 (A)等于零 (B)等于-2m/s (C)等于2m/s (D)不能确定。 [答案：D] (3) 一质点沿半径为R 的圆周作匀速率运动，每t 秒转一圈，在2t 时间间隔中，其平均速度大小和平均速率大小分别为 (A) t R t R 2, 2 (B) t R 2,0 (C) 0,0 (D) 0,2t R [答案：B] 1.2填空题 (1) 一质点，以1 s m 的匀速率作半径为5m 的圆周运动，则该质点在5s 内，位移的大小 是 ；经过的路程是 。 [答案： 10m ； 5πm] (2) 一质点沿x 方向运动，其加速度随时间的变化关系为a=3+2t (SI)，如果初始时刻质点的速度v 0为5m·s -1，则当t 为3s 时，质点的速度v= 。 [答案： 23m·s -1 ] (3) 轮船在水上以相对于水的速度1V 航行，水流速度为2V ，一人相对于甲板以速度3V 行走。如人相对于岸静止，则1V 、2V 和3V 的关系是 。 [答案： 0321 V V V ]
1.3 一个物体能否被看作质点，你认为主要由以下三个因素中哪个因素决定： (1) 物体的大小和形状； (2) 物体的内部结构； (3) 所研究问题的性质。 解：只有当物体的尺寸远小于其运动范围时才可忽略其大小的影响，因此主要由所研究问题的性质决定。 1.4 下面几个质点运动学方程，哪个是匀变速直线运动？ （1）x=4t-3；（2）x=-4t 3+3t 2+6；（3）x=-2t 2+8t+4；（4）x=2/t 2-4/t 。 给出这个匀变速直线运动在t=3s 时的速度和加速度，并说明该时刻运动是加速的还是减速的。（x 单位为m ，t 单位为s ） 解：匀变速直线运动即加速度为不等于零的常数时的运动。加速度又是位移对时间的两阶导数。于是可得（3）为匀变速直线运动。 其速度和加速度表达式分别为 2 2484 dx v t dt d x a dt t=3s 时的速度和加速度分别为v =20m/s ，a =4m/s 2。因加速度为正所以是加速的。 1.5 在以下几种运动中，质点的切向加速度、法向加速度以及加速度哪些为零哪些不为零？ (1) 匀速直线运动；(2) 匀速曲线运动；(3) 变速直线运动；(4) 变速曲线运动。 解：(1) 质点作匀速直线运动时，其切向加速度、法向加速度及加速度均为零； (2) 质点作匀速曲线运动时，其切向加速度为零，法向加速度和加速度均不为零； (3) 质点作变速直线运动时，其法向加速度为零，切向加速度和加速度均不为零； (4) 质点作变速曲线运动时，其切向加速度、法向加速度及加速度均不为零。 1.6 ｜r ｜与r 有无不同?t d d r 和d d r t 有无不同? t d d v 和t d d v 有无不同?其不同在哪里?试举例说明． 解：（1）r 是位移的模， r 是位矢的模的增量，即r 12r r ，12r r r ； （2） t d d r 是速度的模，即t d d r v t s d d . t r d d 只是速度在径向上的分量. ∵有r r ?r （式中r ?叫做单位矢），则 t ?r ?t r t d d d d d d r r r 式中 t r d d 就是速度在径向上的分量，
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后答案 Unit Five Health Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers: 1) familiarize 2) prejudice
3) appealing 4) aelerated 5) threats 6) monitor 7) isolate 8) guarantee 9) infected 10) ignorance 11) was …equipped 12) processed 13) sponsor
15) issued 16) contracted 2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers: 1) take advantage of 2) by contrast 3) make room for 4) bring …to an end
Text A Comprehension Check I Directions（Part 1）risk pulled shepherded lodging ranger sacks bundles noted simple kin II Directions （Part 2）F F T F T T T
T F III Directions （Part 3） D C B A B Self-test I Directions（Part 1） 1)B 2) C 3) D 4) C 5) D A 7) C 8) D 9) A 10) A B 12) D 13) C 14) B 15) B 16)C 17)D 18) A 19) D 20) B II Directions （Part 2）run contrary to pull over risk his life picked, up Come on in take a gamble
help out in, circumstances have in mind pulled away stand out rely on III Directions （Part 3）F A D C B E IV Directions （Part4）exhausting to complete to do laughing, talking informed to have U2 Text A Comprehension Check
I Directions（Part 1）rational crisis good self-fulfilling great upward hopeful problems positive ongoing II Directions （Part 2）T T F T F F T T T F