大学英语４级预测卷（二）
Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on Should a College Graduate Rent or Purchase a House. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A) He had lost all his keys. B) He couldn’t open the door.
C) He wanted the woman to help him. D) The door needs repairing.
2. A) Near the highway. B) On the approach to the highway.
C) At the interchange of the high way. D) Just past the highway.
3. A) He is a good tennis player. B) He has been working outdoors lately.
C) He rarely uses his computer. D) He’d like to get some exercise on weekend.
4. A) Worse than the last match. B) The worst match he has ever watched.
C) Better than the last match. D) The best match he has ever seen.
5. A) He has already communicated with others. B) He hasn’t thought about it yet.
C) He doesn’t really need her help. D) He doesn’t appreciate her care at all.
6. A) Finding a new place for the typewriter. B) Questioning the typist.
C) Finding a better typist. D) Buying a typewriter.
7. A) Play hide-and-seek with her sons. B) Have dinner with her sons.
C) Cook dinner for her family. D) Help John to find Jim.
8. A) She doesn’t want to get sunburned. B) It’s not a sunny day.
C) It’s raining. D) She doesn’t like fire.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) In a college dormitory. B) In a university classroom.
C) At the school’s library. D) In a dining room.
10. A) First year. B) Second year. C) Third year. D) Fourth year.
11. A) She is currently repaying student loans. B) She has worked to earn college tuition.
C) She received a scholarship. D) Her parents didn’t afford the tuition to her. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) She didn’t yield to children crossing the road. B) She parked illegally near the school.
C) She exceeded the speed limit. D) She didn’t show her driver’s license.
13. A) The driver didn’t use his turn signals. B) The driver didn’t stop completely.
C) The driver failed to yield to other drivers. D) The driver ran the red light.
14. A) The license is no longer valid. B) The driver is using someone else’s license.
C) The license is only good for 6 more months. D) The license is damaged.
15. A) She plans to report the man to her superiors. B) She tells the man that they have met before.
C) She hints that the man could let her off. D) She is one of a friend of the man’s relative. Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) It will cut the trans fatty acids and saturated fat in fried food.
B) It will balance the cholesterol levels in the blood. C) It is low in fat which causes weight gain.
D) It contains 1 per cent trans fats and a more healthy kind of oil.
17. A) Because it contains harmful molecule. B) Because it releases bad cholesterol.
C) Because it replaces good cholesterol levels. D) Because it increases bad cholesterol levels.
18. A) Corn oil. B) Canola oil. C) Soybean oil. D) Marine animal oil. Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) Lord Sandwich. B) Some inventors.
C) The friends of Lord Sandwich. D) Some scientists.
20. A) Collecting rents and taxes. B) Maltreating him.
C) Speaking to him. D) Having no communication with him.
21. A) He dismissed the Captain. B) He made the word “boycott” popular.
C) He removed the poor tenants. D) He increased the rents and taxes.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) Why the land in Africa is poor? B) How to improve Africa soil?
C) How to apply fertilizers to land? D) Traditional ways to replenish soil.
23. A) Short term yields will help produce healthy soil in Africa.
B) There will be more and more droughts in Africa. C) Grazing animal is the best way to fertilize soil.
D) The Africa government should pay much attention to the floods.
24. A) To prove that roots and residue of crops is good for soil replenishing.
B) To tell people that Malawi is a country that relies on the food aid from all over the world.
C) To show the use of the fertilizer would increase the output of crops and refresh the soil.
D) To impress people that Malawi exports food to other countries.
25. A) Climate change is a major issue that needs to be solved.
B) Nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers has been used in many places of Africa.
C) Government has organized experts to replenish soil in Africa.
D) The bad situation of Africa soil has drawn experts’ attention.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
To Americans, 26 is a way of showing respect for other people’s time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually 27 and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time. 28 , for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time. But they usually don’t try that at work.
American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks 29 . Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an 30 to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is 31 . Only very close friends will just “drop in” 32 . Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they might already be in bed. The time may vary, but most people think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m.
To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock. But Americans would admit that no one can 33 time. Time—like money—slips all too easily through our fingers. And time—like the weather—is very hard to 34 . Nevertheless, time is one of life’s most 35 gifts. And unwrapping it is half the fun.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
“Beauty is only skin deep.” This expression means that beauty is only a 36 surface quality. And some beauty products can cause 37 damage that goes far below the surface of the skin.
B ut people, especially women, will 38 a lot for beauty. In the United States, many people use sunlight and non-natural light to darken their skin. Health experts advise against what is called “tanning(晒黑)” because of its 39 to skin cancer. In the African country of Senegal, some women take health risks trying to do just the 40 . They use products that lighten the skin. The World Health Organization says that 25 percent of Senegalese women use skin-lightening products on a usual basis. These products can 41 chemicals such as mercury (汞，水银), hydroquinone (苯二酚) and sodium hydroxide. These are 42 ingredients that can cause cancer and possibly other physical damage to the skin. They can actually burn the eyes and skin.
An average beauty supply shop in Dakar has many kinds of skin-lightening creams and soaps. Shop worker Adama Diagne advises her visitors to 43 the stronger products that promise fast results. She uses a cream that is made from carrots and not the strong chemical, hydroquinone. She says that it is a personal choice and that no one 44 her. She says that some women want to be black every day. But for her, she likes to be a shade of brown. Women in Senegal say they lighten their skin for the same reasons women all over the world make changes to their 45 . They say they want to look beautiful, to find a husband, or to stand out in a crowd.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Modern Airplanes
Airplane Instruments
A) M odern airplanes are complicated machines. Pilots need many gauges (量表) and electronic aids to
help fly them. The flight deck of a large passenger plane contains many indicator dials and warning lights. One of the most important instruments is the altimeter, which tells the pilot how high the plane is off the ground. The air speed indicator measures the plane’s speed. The artificial horizon shows the position of the plane relative to the horizon. The turn and back indicator shows how much, if at all, the plane is turning and tilting. In dense clouds and fog, a pilot would not always know which way the plane is heading if it weren’t for this instrument. A gyrocompass (旋转罗盘) and various radio devices are necessary for navigation.
B) M ost large planes also have an automatic pilot. This is a device operated by a computer. It will fly the
plane without the pilots touching the controls. These autopilots can even control takeoffs and landings.
The flight deck also contains many gauges and meters that tell the pilot whether the many pieces of equipment on the plane are operating properly. They measure fuel level, temperatures, cabin pressure, electric current, etc. Indicators show whether the landing gear is up or down. The radio equipment allows
the pilot to talk to ground controllers and to receive navigation signals.
Airplane Construction
C) E arly airplanes were made of wood frames covered by fabric and held in shape by wire. After World War I,
airplane designers started to use lightweight metals like aluminum, titanium, and magnesium alloys. A thin skin of metal was riveted into place over metal ribs. Strong epoxy (环氧的) glues are now used for some joints, instead of rivets. As planes grew in size, they became heavier. More powerful engines were developed in order to fly the heavier planes.
D) T he use of metals brings with it a problem called metal fatigue. Stress and vibration in flight can cause
metal parts eventually to break up. Airplanes must be constantly checked for signs of this trouble.
Defective parts must be renewed by aircraft maintenance people.
E) D esigners test scale models in wind tunnels before the full sized planes are built. Reactions of the models
to high speed air streams give good indications how full sized planes will react in flight. This approach helps save a lot of money. It also helps to make airplanes safe.
Airport
F) A n airport is a place where airplanes arrive and depart. Passengers leave and arrive on the airplanes
and cargo is loaded and unloaded. Large, jet powered airplanes require long runways for takeoffs and landings. Big terminal buildings are necessary to handle thousands of passengers and their baggage. Very large airports usually serve several large cities and cover thousands of acres. Hundreds of planes arrive and depart daily. All this traffic must be carefully controlled to avoid delays and accidents. This is done from a control tower. The tower stands high above the ground. Air traffic controllers, inside the tower, must be able to guide airplanes through their takeoffs and landings.
G) L arge airports are often like small cities. Many have post offices, banks, hotels, restaurants, and many
kinds of shops. Airports have their own fire and police departments, fuel storage tanks, and repair work shops. Some companies even have their shipping warehouses located at airports. One of the largest airports in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth. This airport covers 7,200 hectares (18,000 acres). Its five terminals can handle the arrivals and departures of
90 jumbo jets at the same time. O’Hare International Airport, in Chicago, is the busiest airport in the
world. It handles more than 37 million passengers a year. Small airports that are used only by private airplanes usually cover 20 to 40 hectares (50 to 100 acres).They do not need all the buildings and services of a large airport. The control tower may be just a small room in a building at ground level. Runways
H) E arly planes were light. Early runways were sometimes just level grass fields. Paved runways became
necessary when airplanes became heavier and faster. Today’s big jet planes weigh hundreds of tons. They move along runways at speeds of 160 kph (100 mph).When they land, the runways take a lot of pounding and must be made of concrete or asphalt (沥青). They must have solid foundations and a surface that prevents skidding.
I) A irplanes take off into the wind in order to get better lift. They also land into the wind to have better
control as they slow down. Most airports have runways pointing in different directions. This means that there are always runways on which airplanes can go into the wind as they take off and land.
J) H eavily loaded passenger jets need long runways to gather enough speed to leave the ground. Runways at some large airports are longer than 3, 000m(10, 000 ft). At night, bright lights line the runways so that pilots can find them without trouble. A system of flashing guide lights is set up beyond the runway to help pilots land safely.
Control Towers
K) P eople who work in control towers are called air traffic controllers. They direct the movements of all planes on the ground and in the air by keeping track of them on large radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell a pilot, by radio, when and where to taxi or pilot the plane down the runway.
L) E lectronic equipment is used to guide airplanes. Long range radar is used to keep track of planes far away from the airport. This radar is called Ground Control Approach (GCA).When the airplane gets within a few miles of the runway, the air traffic controller begins to use Precision Approach Radar (PAR).
This allows the controller to guide the airplane to within 0.4km (0.25mi) of the runway. At that point, the pilot completes the landing. Another electronic aid used in bad weather is the Instrument Landing System (ILS). In this system, radio transmitters located near the runway send guidance signals to the airplane.
These signals tell the pilot how to steer the plane for the final approach to the runways. Today, there are also electronic “microwave” landing systems (MLS) that can land the plane fully automatically. Terminal Buildings
M) T erminal buildings vary in size and shape. Most of them are quite large. More than 228 million people fly on the airlines in America every year. Every passenger must pass through terminals. Long, covered walkways lead from the center of some terminals to the gates where airplanes are boarded. At some airports, buses are used to transport passengers to their airplanes. Passengers arriving from another country must pass through customs and passport control. Customs officials check the incoming baggage for taxable items. They also check passengers to be sure no forbidden items are brought into the country.
Passport officials check the passports of passengers for personal identification.
N) P assengers are not allowed to bring guns, knives, or other weapons onto a passenger airplane. Before boarding, they must walk through a detector which triggers a special signal if they are carrying anything made of metal. Luggage is also examined for weapons. This is done to ensure the safety of the passengers.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
46. I n bad weather, the radio transmitters near the runway send signals informing the pilot how to steer the
plane for the final approach to the runways.
47. I f a passenger carries any kind of arms, a detector will produce a signal and he will be banned from
boarding.
48. G enerally airports have runways of different directions so that there are always runways for airplanes to
take off and land.
49. T he control tower of a small airport may be only a small room at ground level, and the airport may cover
only 50 to 100 acres.
50. T he device operated by a computer which can fly the plane without the pilots touching the controls is an
automatic pilot.
51. A fter World War I the airplane designers began to use light metals to make airplanes instead of wood.
52. B y keeping track of all planes on radar screens, air traffic controllers direct the movements of them.
53. T oday’s runways are made of concrete or asphalt because jet planes are heavy and they move along
runways at speeds of 160 kph.
54. R unways may be longer than 3,000m so as to meet the demand of heavily loaded passenger jets.
55.P assengers will have to pass through customs and passport control if they come from another country.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Step into the trendiest clothes stores in Britain or the US and you may be surprised by what’s hanging from the rails. There’ll be coats with rips in the pockets and shoes scuffed at the heel — lasting traces of the items’ previous owners.
Yes, these clothes are second-hand. But if you’re a young, hip fashionista, you certainly won’t view them as second-rate.
A couple of years ago, before the recession hit the Western world, shopping at charity shops and second-hand clothing markets had a stigma attached to it. The clothes were seen as shabby and old-fashioned and the customers more so. It’s pretty safe to say that, back then, if you could afford to shop elsewhere, you would. But today, with young people strapped for cash, second-hand clothing has made a comeback.
“I don’t see shopping in charity shops as a worse option at all,” said 24-year-old Fran Hall, a recent graduate of King’s College London. “You can find some great stuff in there and people are always impressed if they like something you’re wearing and you tell them it’s from a charity shop,” Fran continued. “I guess people just think about what a great bargain you’ve got.”
The trend for vintage (过时的，老式的) clothing goes some way to explain the rise of second-hand items. Although vintage pieces haven’t necessarily been worn before, they do all come from a previous era.
It’s not only bargain basement fashion stores that have become popular. In the UK’s Poundland shops, which stock everything from cosmetics to dog biscuits, business is booming. Each shop stocks approximately 3,000 products, including 800 big-name brands, and most importantly, every item is priced at ￡1 (11 yuan) or less.
How do the shops make money if they sell at such low prices? Manufacturers, it seems, are willing to bring down prices in return for big volume purchases. Of course, success is also down to the huge numbers of customers the stores attract. And surprisingly perhaps, the millions of shoppers that pass through Poundland come from all types of socio-economic groups. Accordingly, the shops perform just as well in many affluent areas as in deprived neighborhoods.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
56. W hat can we learn from the passage about charity stores and second-hand clothing markets in the past?
A) It was ashamed of shopping at these kinds of stores and markets.
B) They were trendiest clothes stores.
C) People usually went to these kinds of stores to buy clothes.
D) Clothes in these kinds of stores and markets were seen as worn and fashionable.
57. What’s the reason for the popularity of second-hand items?
A) People have a preference for unconventional things.
B) People think old clothes are better than the new.
C) People like second-hand items because they are cheap.
D) The young people like to go with the stream.
58. According to Fran Hall’s view on second-hand items, __________.
A) we will be laughed at by others for shopping in charity shops
B) if we could afford to shop elsewhere, we wouldn’t shop in charity shops
C) the stuff in charity shops is cheap but it isn’t a good deal
D) we can find some wonderful goods in charity shops
59. Which of the following statement about the Poundland shops is true?
A) The Poundland shops are fashion stores.
B) The Poundland shops stock everything except make-up.
C) There are many famous brands in the Poundland shops.
D) Every item in the Poundland shops is priced at least ￡1.
60. How do these kinds of shops earn a profit?
A) They get goods by low prices from the manufacturers.
B) They only have the rich customers.
C) They raise prices sometimes.
D) They get many contributions from people.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gain saying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives.
Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents apprised of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing, and developmental mathematics.
Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The many interviews carried on during the year as well as new ways of reporting pupils’ progress can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.
To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.
If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics and, at the same time, enjoying the work.
Too often, however, teachers’ conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of children’s misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for penalties and rewards at home.
What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents’ minds for the arrangement of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters’ capacities.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
61. The main idea of the passage is to argue that __________.
A) home training is more important than school training because a child spends more hours at home
B) it’s necessary for parents to adopt the new methods used in school to assist teachers’ curricular objectives
C) there are many ways in which the mathematics program can be implemented at home
D) parents have a responsibility to help students to do their homework
62. It can reasonably be inferred that the author __________.
A) is satisfied with present relationships between home and school
B) feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental program
C) believes that schools are lacking in guidance personnel
D) feels that parent-teacher interviews could be made much more constructive than the present one
63. A method of communication between parent and teacher mentioned or intimated by the author is the
________.
A) exchange of letters B) formal conferences
C) parent-teacher interviews D) telephone calls from school to student’s home
64. The author implies that __________.
A) participation in interesting activities relating to a subject can improve one’s achievement in that area
B) too many children are lazy and have poor work habits
C) school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parents
D) teachers should occasionally make home visits to parents
65. Teachers’ conferences with parents focus on __________ too often.
A) children’s mistakes B) children’s good behaviors
C) parents’ laziness D) children’s poor habits
Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
“谢谢”、“请……”等词已经成了许多大学生的口头禅。作为今年亚太经合组织（APEC）论坛会议的志愿者们，在北京饭店的咨询台，一个学生为100多名国际代表提供帮助。据《北京日报》报道，除了这名学生，来自北京13所高校的600多名志愿者都为此次APEC会议提供服务。在此次论坛会议中，大学生们有机会学以致用、做自己喜爱的工作，同时，也收获了有价值的工作经历和人脉关系。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
答案详解与译文划线点评
Part I Writing
【写作提示】
这是一篇图画式作文。文章可分为三段：第一段简单描述图画的内容，介绍在房价高涨的背景下，高校毕业生面临着买房还是租房的选择。第二段着重论述了双方所持的不同理由。第三段论述了作者对于上述问题的看法。
【
【
As is vividly portrayed in the cartoon, there is a college
graduate who is in a dilemma of renting or purchasing a house.
With the soaring of the house price, the dream of having a house
becomes unattainable for most of the new graduates. They face a
difficulty of dwelling narrowly or renting a room.
People holding the idea of purchasing a house think that
the advantages of owning a house of their own outweigh another
choice. On the one hand, house price is expected to rise in the
future. The possession of a house is expected to make profits in the
long run. On the other hand, a house belonging to yourself makes
you feel safety and comfort. Nevertheless, dissenters do not agree
with the idea. In their view, the house price is too high to afford
for graduates. If graduates decide to buy a house, they are certain
to increase the burden of their family.
I n my opinion, it is more advisable to rent a house during the
first years than to buy a house because it is unwise to buy a house at
such a high price. Surely, graduates can decide when to buy a house
in accordance with their family condition.
【范文亮点词汇】
1. vividly
3. dilemma
5. dwell
7. possession
Part II Listening Comprehension
Conversation One
M: (9) I wonder if this is going to be an interesting class.
W: Y eah. Me too. So, what’s your major?
M: W ell, I’ve been batting around the idea of going into business,
but I haven’t decided yet. And
my dad keeps telling me I have
to choose a major, but I’m
undeclared at the moment. W: A h, that’s what happened to me my freshman year.
M: O h, so what year are you in school?
W: (10) I’m a senior, and I only have to take 10 more credits to
graduate. Yeah!
M: W ell. That must feel great to be almost finished with school. W: Y ou can say that again, (11) but once I graduate, I have to start
repaying a student loan, so I’m
not looking forward to that. M: B ut didn’t your parents help you out with your college tuition? W: (11) No. My dad said he wasn’t made of money, so he thought I
should earn my own education,
so I worked like crazy in the
summer and part-time during
the school year to cover most of
my costs. And, I received some
financial aid and a scholarship
one year, which really saved
me. But this past year, school
has been more demanding, so
I haven’t been able to work as
much.
M: W ell, you know, at least you see the light at the end of the tunnel. W: T hat’s true. Conversation Two
M: O kay. May I see your driver’s license please?
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A) In a college dormitory. B) In a university classroom.
C) At the school’s library. D) In a dining room.
A) 在一间大学宿舍里。B) 在一间大学教室里。
C) 在学校的图书馆。D) 在一间餐厅。
【解析】B。推理题。本题考查对话场景。对话开头男士就说到“I wonder if this is going to be an interesting class.”意思是说他想知道这堂课是否有趣，由此可知对话是发生在大学的教室里，故本题选B。
10. What year is the woman in college?
A) First year. B) Second year.
C) Third year. D) Fourth year.
A) 大一。 B)
大二。
C) 大三。D) 大四。
【解析】D。词义题。本题考查词义理解。对话中女士说到“I’m a senior, and I only have to take 10 more credits to graduate.”本题的关键是要理解senior这个词，senior意为“大四学生，毕业班学生”，故本题选D。
11. W hich statement is NOT true about the woman paying for college?
A) She is currently repaying student loans.
B) She has worked to earn college tuition.
C) She received a scholarship.
D) Her parents didn’t afford the tuition to her.
A) 她目前正在偿还助学贷款。
B) 她曾工作挣大学学费。
C) 她获得了奖学金。
D) 她的父母不负担她的学费。
【解析】A。细节题。本题考查事实细节。对话中女士说到，一旦毕业，就得开始还学生贷款，而且她的爸爸觉得她应该挣自己的学习费用，所以她在夏天和业余时间疯狂的工作挣学费，而且她还得过助学贷款和一年的奖学金。综上所述，女士现在并没有在偿还助学贷款，故本题选A。
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What law did the woman break in the school zone?
A) She didn’t yield to children crossing the road.
B) She parked illegally near the school.
C) She exceeded the speed limit.
D) She didn’t show her driver’s license.
A) 过马路的时候她没有给孩子们让路。
B) 她在学校附近违章停车。
C) 她超速了。
D) 她没有出示她的驾驶执照。
W: W h a t?D i d I d o a n y t h i n g wrong?
M: L icense, please. And your car registration.
W: O h, yeah. It’s here somewhere in the glove compartment. Yeah,
here it is.
M: (12) Madam, did you realize you were speeding in a school
zone?
W: W h a t?N o,I d i d n’t,b u t that’s probably because my
odometer is broken, I mean,
malfunctioning.
M: (12) Yes, you were going 50 miles per hour in a 20 miles per
hour zone. (13) And, you failed
to come to a complete stop at
the crossroad back there.
W: R olling stops don’t count?
M: A nd, one of your break lights is out, you’re not wearing a
seat belt, (14) and your driver’s
license expired six months ago. W: (15) And your name is …
Officer Smith? Hey, are you
related to the Smiths in town?
My husband’s cousin’s husband
(I think his name is Fred) works
for the police department here.
Or was that the fire department.
Anyway, I thought you might be
good pals, and you know …M: (15) Hey, are you trying to influence an officer? I could
h a v e t h i s c a r i m p o u n d e d
right now because of these
infractions.
W: N o, of course not.
M: O kay, then. Here’s your ticket.
You can either appear in court to
pay the fine or mail it in. Have a
nice day.【解析】C。细节题。本题考查事实细节。对话中男士问女士难道没有意识到是在学校限速区吗？女士回答说没有，并找借口可能是里程表坏了，接着男士进一步说明，女士在每小时20英里的区域开到了每小时50英里，明显是超速了。由此可知，本题选C。
13. What happened at the intersection?
A) The driver didn’t use his turn signals.
B) The driver didn’t stop completely.
C) The driver failed to yield to other drivers.
D) The driver ran the red light.
A) 这位司机没有打转向灯。
B) 这位司机没有完全停下来。
C) 这位司机没有给其他司机让路。
D) 这位司机闯红灯了。
【解析】B。细节题。本题考查事实细节。对话中男士说到“And, you failed to come to a complete stop at the crossroad back there.”意思是说，女士在十字路口没有完全停下来，对话中的crossroad和题干中的intersection同义，都是“十字路口”的意思，故本题选B。
14. What does the man tell the woman about her driver’s license?
A) The license is no longer valid.
B) The driver is using someone else’s license.
C) The license is only good for 6 more months.
D) The license is damaged.
A) 驾驶证失效了。
B) 这位司机用的别人的驾驶证。
C) 驾驶证只有6个月的有效期。
D) 驾驶证损坏了。
【解析】A。细节题。本题考查事实细节。对话中男士说到“and your driver’s license expired six months ago.”意思是说，女士的驾驶证在6个月前就过期了，也就是说驾驶证失效了。对话中的expire意为“到期，期满”，A选项中valid意为“有效的，合法的”，故本题选A。
15. W hat can be implied from the driver’s conversation about the man’s name?
A) She plans to report the man to her superiors.
B) She tells the man that they have met before.
C) She hints that the man could let her off.
D) She is one of a friend of the man’s relative.
A) 她打算向她的上级告发男士。
B) 她告诉男士他们之前见过面。
C) 她暗示男士可以放她走。
D) 她是男士的亲戚的一位朋友。
【解析】C。推理题。本题考查语义推断。对话中女士说出男士的名字，接着开始攀亲，说自己丈夫的表妹的丈夫也在这里的警察局工作，或者在消防部门，总之她觉得男士是一位很好的人……言外之意是暗示男士放她走，不要处罚她，但男士不吃她那一套，说他可以因为这些违例而立即扣押女士的车。故本题选C。
Section
Passage One
McDonald’s says its fast-food eating places in the United States will start frying foods in a healthier kind of oil. McDonald’s says it will improve the corn and soybean oil that it now uses to fry foods. (16) Officials say the new kind of oil will reduce by half the amount of trans fatty acids in the fried foods. The new oil also will have increased amounts of a more healthy
kind of fat.
Earlier this year, the National
Academy of Sciences released a
report about the dangers of trans
fat. (17) Trans fat has been linked
to heart disease. It increases the levels of harmful cholesterol in the
blood. Some researchers believe
that trans fat in vegetable oil may
be extremely dangerous. That is
because it lowers the levels of good
cholesterol while increasing the
levels of bad cholesterol.
(16) McDonald’s officials say
the new vegetable oil also reduces the amount of saturated fat in the fried foods. Experts believe that such fat also is linked to heart disease.(18) McDonald’s has been using canola oil that is low in trans
fat in its fast food restaurants in
Europe for several years. Company
officials say they will have the new
vegetable oil in all thirteen-thousand
American McDonald’s restaurants
by February. They also hope to continue reducing the amount of trans fats in their products until no food sold by the company contains trans fats.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A ccording to the passage, what’s the advantage of healthier oil that McDonald’s will use?A) It will cut the trans fatty acids and saturated fat in fried food. B) It will balance the cholesterol levels in the blood.C) It is low in fat which causes weight gain. D) It contains 1 per cent trans fats and a more healthy kind of oil.
A) 它将削减油炸食品中的反式脂肪酸和饱和脂肪。B) 它将平衡血液中的胆固醇含量。C) 它是引起体重增加的低脂肪。D) 它含有1%的反式脂肪和一种更健康的油。【解析】A 。细节题。题目问的是麦当劳将使用的更健康的油，其优点
是什么。所以听录音的时候要关注文中关于这种油的信息。短文中提
到，官方说这种油将使油炸食品中的反式脂肪酸含量减半，在下文还
提到，麦当劳官方说这种新型植物油也会减少油炸食品中的饱和脂肪
的数量。综上所述，只有选项A 概括了这两点，故本题选A 。
17. Why does the trans fat lead to heart disease?
A) Because it contains harmful molecule. B) Because it releases bad cholesterol.C) Because it replaces good cholesterol levels. D) Because it increases bad cholesterol levels.A) 因为它含有有害分子。B) 因为它释放有害胆固醇。C) 因为它取代有益胆固醇的含量。D) 因为它增加有害胆固醇的含量。【解析】D 。细节题。题目问的是为什么反式脂肪会导致心脏病。做题的时候要注意trans fat 和heart disease 之间的关系。短文中说到，反式脂肪和心脏病有关，它会增加血液中的有害胆固醇含量，有些研究人员认为植物油中的反式脂肪可能是极其危险的，那是因为它在增加有害胆固醇的同时会降低有益胆固醇的含量。由此可知反式脂肪会导致
心脏病是因为它增加有害胆固醇的含量。故本题选D 。18. Which oil will be used in all McDonald’s US restaurants?
A) Corn oil. B) Canola oil.
C) Soybean oil. D) Marine animal oil.
A) 玉米油。 B) 菜籽油。
C) 大豆油。 D) 海生动物油。
【解析】B 。细节题。本题是问美国的麦当劳餐厅将使用的是哪种油。短文中提到，麦当劳在欧洲的快餐店使用含低反式脂肪的菜籽油已有好几年了。公司官员表示，到二月份，他们在美国的13000家快餐店也将使用这种新的植物油。由此可知麦当劳餐厅要用的是菜籽油。故
本题选B 。
About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people. Many of these words are technical words. When there is a new invention of discovery, a new word may be coined after the inventor or scientist.
It is interesting to observe how many common English words have found their way into the language from the names of people. For example, “sandwich”, you may eat every day. Lord Sandwich who lived from 1718 to 1792 used to sit at the gambling table eating slices of bread with meat in between. This kind of eating tastes delicious. (19) As the Lord was the only one among his friends who ate bread in that way, his friends began to call the “bread-Sandwich” for fun. Later on the word became part of the English language.
The word “boycott” means to refuse to have anything to do with somebody or something. This word is another example. The word comes from a man called Captain Boycott. He was a land agent in 1880 and he collected rents and taxes for an English landowner in Ireland. (20) But the Captain was a very harsh man. He treated his poor tenants very badly. His tenants decided not to speak to him at all. (21) Eventually word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed. The word “boycott” became popular and was used by everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott.
19. Who coined the word “sandwich”?
A) Lord Sandwich.
B) Some inventors.
C) The friends of Lord Sandwich.
D) Some scientists.
A) 三明治伯爵。 B) 一些发明家。
C) 三明治伯爵的朋友们。 D) 一些科学家。
【解析】C。细节题。四个选项都是关于人物的词，由此可以推测，本题内容与人物有关。而本题做题的关键是要理解题干中coin的意思，这个词在这里是作动词，表示“创造，创新”。短文中提到，由于Lord Sandwich是他的朋友里面唯一一个那样吃面包的人，他的朋友们开始叫这种食物“bread-Sandwich”（三明治面包）取乐，可见最初使用sandwich这个词的人是Lord Sandwich的朋友们。故本题选C。
20. What did the tenants do to the Captain?
A) Collecting rents and taxes.
B) Maltreating him.
C) Speaking to him.
D) Having no communication with him.
A) 收取租金和税收。 B) 虐待他。
C) 和他说话。D) 不和他交流。
【解析】 D。细节题。题目问的是佃户们对凯普丁做了什么。短文中提到，Captain是一个非常苛刻的人，他对待贫穷的佃户们也都非常不好。佃农们于是决定不和他说话（not to speak to him）。换句话说就是和他没有交流了，故本题选D。
21. W hat did the landowner do when he found out that the tenants were
boycotting his agent?
A) He dismissed the Captain.
B) He made the word “boycott” popular.
C) He removed the poor tenants.
D) He increased the rents and taxes.
A) 他解雇了凯普丁。
B) 他使得“boycott”这个词流行起来。
C) 他解除了那些贫穷的佃户们。
D) 他增加了租金和税收。
【解析】A。细节题。题目问的是当地主发现佃户们抵制他的代理人后做了什么。短文中提到，当地主发现佃户抵制Captain Boycott后，地主就把他解雇了(the Captain was removed)，故本题选A。
As experts gather in The Hague for a Global Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change, (22) a major issue concerning Africa is the importance of the continent’s soil.
(22)/ (25) Experts differ on the best ways to turn often dry and poor land into fertile ground. But there is general agreement that it is an issue that needs to be addressed.
The director of the Tropical Agriculture and Rural Environment program at Columbia University, Pedro Sanchez, sees the use of fertilizers as essential to supplying soils. “The best way to do that is to start applying nitrogen fertilizers and phosphorous fertilizers in the places that are deficient in this element, and out of that, then, you begin to triple yields of crops, such as maize, or sorghum or cassava,” he said.
(23) Shannon Horst, a co-founder of the U.S.-based Savory Institute, a non-governmental organization that works to restore grasslands and biodiversity around the world. She believes still too much emphasis is being placed on short term production goals. With programs focused on short term yields, soil will continue to be less able to hold water, leading to more and more droughts, while also increasing the chances of flooding when rain does come. Horst says she believes traditional pastoral practices, with vast herds of grazing animals leaving behind manure, create healthier land and should be kept up.
22. W hat’s the major issue discussed by the experts on the Conference?
A) Why the land in Africa is poor?
B) How to improve Africa soil?
C) How to apply fertilizers to land?
D) Traditional ways to replenish soil.
A) 为什么非洲的土地贫瘠？B) 如何改善非洲的土壤？
C) 如何给土地施化肥？D) 补给土壤的传统方法。
【解析】B。主旨题。短文在开头就提到，涉及非洲的一项重要议题就是陆地土壤的重要性。接着提到，专家们在把干裂贫瘠的土地变为肥沃的土壤最佳方式上存在分歧。但是普遍认为非洲土壤是个问题，需要加以解决。下文即是关于改善非洲土壤的论述。故选项B最符合题意，其余几个选项都是短文涉及到的几个方面的问题。
23. What can we learn from Shannon Horst?
A) Short term yields will help produce healthy soil in Africa.
B) There will be more and more droughts in Africa.
C) Grazing animal is the best way to fertilize soil.
D) The Africa government should pay much attention to the floods.
A) 短期收益将有助于非洲培育健康的土壤。
B) 非洲将会有越来越多的干旱。
C) 放牧牲畜是让土壤肥沃的最佳方法。
D) 非洲政府应重视洪水。
【解析】C。推理题。短文中说到，Shannon Horst认为在短期生产目标和技术方法上仍然关注过多，由于规划都集中在短期效益上，土壤保水能力仍然很差，这会导致越来越多的干旱。同时，当雨水来临时，增加洪灾的机率。她相信传统的放牧方式能使土壤更健康，因为大量放牧，动物会留下粪肥，这种方式需要保持下去。故本题选C。
24. Why does Sanchez take Malawi as an example?
A) To prove that roots and residue of crops is good for soil replenishing.
B) To tell people that Malawi is a country that relies on the food aid
from all over the world.
C) To show the use of the fertilizer would increase the output of crops
and refresh the soil.
D) To impress people that Malawi exports food to other countries.
A) 为了证明作物的根和残留物有利于土壤补给。
B) 为了告诉人们马拉维是一个依靠全世界粮食援助的国家。
C) 为了表明化肥的使用会增加农作物的产量，并给土壤补充
给养。
D) 为了让人们铭记马拉维向其他国家出口食品。
【解析】C。推理题。短文中说到，桑切斯以马拉维（非洲国家）作为案例，说明采用强制手段促进化肥使用能让一个依靠粮食救助的国家变成一个粮食输出国。通过使用这一方法，农作物的根及残渣能够分解，自然地给土地补充了养分。故本题选C。
(24) But Sanchez points to Malawi as a test case, which he says aggressively promoted the use of fertilizers to evolve from a country dependent on food aid to a food exporter. He says what happens with this approach is that roots and residue of crops decay and naturally replenish soil.
Section
To Americans, (26) punctuality is a way of showing respect for other people’s time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually (27) calls for an apology and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time. (28) At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time. But they usually don’t try that at work.
American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks (29) in advance . Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an (30) emergency to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is (31) convenient. Only very close friends will just “drop in” (32) unannounced. Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they might already be in bed. The time may vary, but most people think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m.
To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock. But Americans would admit that no one can (33) master time. Time —like money —slips all too easily through our fingers. And time —like the weather —is very hard to (34) predict. Nevertheless, time is one of life’s most (35) precious gifts. And unwrapping it is half the fun.
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section
25. What can be concluded from the passage?
A) Climate change is a major issue that needs to be solved.
B) Nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers has been used in many places of Africa.
C) Government has organized experts to replenish soil in Africa.D) The bad situation of Africa soil has drawn experts’ attention. A) 气候变化是一个需要解决的重大问题。B) 氮和磷的化肥已用于非洲的许多地方。C) 政府已经组织专家，对非洲的土壤进行补给。D) 非洲土壤的糟糕状况已经引起了专家们的关注。
【解析】D 。推理题。这篇短文通篇都在就专家如何改善非洲的土壤做出论述，而文章中也提到，专家们在把干裂贫瘠的土地变为肥沃的土壤的最佳方式上存在分歧。但是普遍认为非洲土壤是个问题，需要加以解决。由此可推知，非洲土壤的糟糕状况已经引起了专家们的关注。故本题选D 。
“
beauty is only a (36) temporary surface quality. And some
beauty products can cause (37) lasting damage that goes far
below the surf
will (38) risk a lot for beauty. In the United States, many people
use sunlight and non-natural light to darken their skin. Health
(39) links to skin cancer. In the African country of Senegal,
some women take health risks trying to do just the (40) oppo-
site. They use products that lighten the skin. The World Health
Organization says that 25 percent of Senegalese women use
skin-lightening products on a usual basis. These products can
(41) contain chemicals such as mercury, hydroquinone and so-
dium hydroxide. These are(42) dangerous ingredients that can
They can actually burn the eyes and skin.
An average beauty supply shop in Dakar has many kinds
Diagne advises her visitors to(43) avoid the stronger products
that promise fast results. She uses a cream that is made from
carrots and not the strong chemical, hydroquinone. She says
that it is a personal choice and that no one(44) pressures her.
over the world make changes to their(45) appearance. They
say they want to look beautiful, to find a husband, or to stand
out in a crowd.
36. 【解析】 M。此空格前是不定冠词a，空格后是名词性词组surface quality，可知此空应填入形容词。根
据本句句意，“美貌不过是一张皮”。这话的意思是美貌只不过是______外表上的美丽。选项中只有
temporary“暂时的，临时的”和only skin deep、surface quality相对应。故本题选M。
37. 【解析】 E。此空格前为动词cause，空格后是名词damage，可知此空需填入形容词。根据本句句意，
某些美容产品可以导致皮肤深层的______损伤。这句话和前文表示一种并列的关系，而和后文构成转
折关系，因此填入此空的形容词应当和前文的temporary形成对比，形容词中只有lasting“持久的，永
久的”符合句意。故本题选E。
38. 【解析】 I。此空格前为情态动词will，空格后为表示数量的词a lot，可知此空应填入一个原形动词。
联系上下文，本句话中的But和前文是转折关系，前文指出某些美容产品可以导致皮肤深层的永久性
损伤，但是人们，尤其是女人，都愿意为美丽______。故动词中只有risk“冒……的危险”，符合本句
句意。本题选I。
39. 【解析】 B。此空格前为代词its，空格后是to，所以此空需填入一个可以和to相连接的名词。根据本
句句意，健康专家们告诫人们不要去做所谓的“皮肤美黑”项目，因为这______皮肤癌。故名词中只
有links “关系，联系”，符合句意。故本题选B 。
40. 【解析】 L 。此空格前为trying to do sth.的结构，故此空应填入名词或形容词。根据句意，在非洲国家塞内加尔，一些妇女们也拿健康来冒险，希望去尝试______事情。这些美容产品可能会引起皮肤癌，但一些女人还是愿意冒风险使用美容产品，可见这是与健康相对立的，选项中只有opposite 有此意，故本题选L 。
41. 【解析】 O 。此空格前为情态动词can ，空格后为名词chemicals ，根据句子结构此句缺少谓语，所以应填入一个原形动词。根据本句“These products can ______ chemicals such as mercury, hydroquinone and sodium hydroxide.” such as 表示例举，所以此空应填入表示“包含，包括”意思的词，选项中只有contain “包含，容忍”，符合句意。故选O 。
42. 【解析】 A 。此空格前为be 动词are ，空格后为名词ingredients ，所以此空需填入一个形容词。根据前文例举的水银、苯二酚和氢氧化钠等化学物质，再由本句后半句说这些成分可以导致皮肤癌或者可能导致皮肤其他的物理性损伤，可见这些成分是危险的，选项中只有dangerous “危险的”，符合句意。故本题选A 。
43. 【解析】 G 。此空格前为不定式to ，空格后为名词词组the stronger products ，分析句子结构，此句缺少谓语，故此空需填入一个原形动词。根据句意，这家商店的员工达玛?迪亚涅建议顾客们______使用快速增白的强效产品。根据一般常识，快速增白的强效产品一般都含有比较危险的化学成分，所以应当尽量不用或少用，选项中只有avoid “避免，躲开”符合句意。故本题选G 。
44. 【解析】 C 。此空格前为人称代词no one ，空格后是人称代词her ，分析句子结构，这一从句缺少谓语，所以此空需填入一个第三人称单数的动词。根据句意，她说，这是她自己的选择，没有人______她这么做。是自己的选择，当然是自愿的，没有外在的压力，选项中只有pressures “对……施加压力，迫使”，符合句意。故本题选C 。
45. 【解析】 J 。此空格前为人称代词their ，此空需填入一个名词。根据句意，塞内加尔的妇女们说，她们增白皮肤的理由跟全世界______的女性是一样的。根据常识，不管是美白还是增黑，都是改变了外貌，选项中只有appearance “外表，外貌”，符合句意。故本题选J 。
Section
现代化的飞机
飞机仪器A ）
现代化的飞机是构造复杂的机器。飞行员需要借助众多的量表和电子辅助设备才能驾驶飞机。大型客机的驾驶舱配有很多的指示器刻度盘和警示灯。最重要的设备之一是测高仪，指示飞行员飞机距离地面的高度。空气速率指示器测量飞机的速度。人工地平仪指示飞机相对于地平线的位置。倾斜转弯仪指示飞机的转弯方向和侧滑状况。乌云密布和浓雾蒙蒙的时候，如果没有这个仪器，飞行员就无法始终掌握飞行的飞行路线。旋转罗盘和各种无线电装置是航行的必需设备。
46. I n bad weather, the radio transmitters near the runway send
signals informing the pilot how to steer the plane for the final approach to the runways. 在恶劣的天气下，跑道附近安装的无线电发射机向飞机发出信号，指示飞行员在降落跑道的最后阶段如何操纵飞机。
【解析】L)。细节题。依据题干中的关键词the radio transmitters 和steer the plane for the final approach to the runways 可以将本题定位至L)段。L)段第7、8、9句提到，另外一个用于恶劣气候的电子辅助设备叫作仪表降落系统。在这一系统中，跑道附近的无线电广播发射机向飞机发送导航信号。这些信号告诉飞行员在跑道的降落路线的最后一个导航点如何操纵飞机（Another electronic aid used in bad weather is the Instrument Landing System (ILS). In this system, radio transmitters located near the runway send guidance signals to the airplane. These signals tell the pilot
大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套) Part?I? Writing? （30?minutes） Directions:?For?this?part,?you?are?allowed?30minutes?to?write?a?short?essay?on? the?importance of?reading?ability?and?how?to?develop?it.?You?should?write?at?least?120?wor ds?but?no?more?than180?words. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part?II ?Listening?Comprehension? (25?minutes) Section?A Directions:?In?this?section,?you?will?hear?three news?reports.?At?the?end?of?each?news?report,?you will?hear?two?or?three?questions.?Both?the?news?report?and?the?questions?wil l?be?spoken?only once.?After?you?hear?a?question,?you?must?choose?the?best?answer?from?the?fo ur?choices marked?A),?B),?C)?and?D).?Then?mark?the?corresponding?letter?on?Answer?Sheet ?1?with?a single?line?through?the?centre. Questions?1?and?2?are?based?on?the?news?report?you?have?just?heard. 1.A)?The?return?of?a?bottled?message?to?its?owner's?daughter. B)?A?New?Hampshire?man's?joke?with?friends?on?his?wife. C)?A?father's?message?for?his?daughter. D)?The?history?of?a?century-old?motel. 2.?A)?She?wanted?to?show?gratitude?for?his?kindness. B)?She?wanted?to?honor?her?father's?promise. C)?She?had?been?asked?by?her?father?to?do?so. D)?She?was?excited?to?see?her?father's?handwriting. Questions?3?and?4?are?based?on?the?news?report?you?have?just?heard. 3.?A)?People?were?concerned?about?the?number?of?bees. B)?Several?cases?of?Zika?disease?had?been?identified. C)?Two?million?bees?were?infected?with?disease. D)?Zika?virus?had?destroyed?some?bee?farms. 4.?A)?It?apologized?to?its?customers.? B)?It?was?forced?to?kill?its?bees. C)?It?lost?a?huge?stock?of?bees. D)?It?lost??million?dollars.
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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite
2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During (26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 Model Test 1 Part One Listening Comprehension Section A Directions： In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre. Example： You will hear： You will read： A） At the office. B） In the waiting room. C） At the airport. D） In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A） At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. 1. A） She is not interested in the article. B） She has given the man much trouble. C） She would like to have a copy of the article. D） She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A） He saw the big tower he visited on TV~ B） He has visited the TV tower twice. C） He has visited the TV tower once. D） He will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A） The woman has trouble getting along with the professor. B） The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time. C） The woman knows the professor has been busy. D） The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A） He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B） He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job. C） He thinks the pay is too low to support his family, D） He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A） The man thought the essay was easy. B） They both had a hard time writing the essay. C） The woman thought the essay was easy. D） Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A） In the park. B） Between two buildings C） In his apartment. D） Under a huge tree. 7. A） It's awfully dull. B） It's really exciting.
2016 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Directions: 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第 一套） Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minute s) Directions: There are 4 reading passa ges in this part. Each passage is followe d by some questions or unfinished stateme nts. For each of them there are four choi ces marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the co rresponding letter on the Answer Sheet wi th a single line through the center. Pass age One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the follo wing passage. There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of a nswering theoretical questions; technolog y is a method of solving practical proble ms. Science has to do with discovering th e facts and relationships between observa ble phenomena in nature and with establis
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .
2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案汇总 一、写作部分 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commentingon the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing inthe world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words。 Nothing Succeeds Without aStrong Will No great work can be performedwithout will. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due tosome trick of luck. But when we know their histories, we find thatit is long years of will and constant effort that have broughtabout their success. Just as we can’t reach the top of a mountainwithout climbing, we can’t achieve success without will。 The modern society providespeople with more opportunities than before, and there are storieswhich tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight.Actually that is not the case. Before these people becomesuccessful, a lot of hard work has been done, unnoticed mostly.What we usually see is the result, but what we ignore is a longprocess of struggling forward and wrestling with internal orexternal obstacles. Take “quitting
1 大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷 Model Test One Part I Writing（30 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。 2. 需要花时间去选择职业。 3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Will We Run Out of Water? Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a rec eding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages. Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate（provide water for）farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish. Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century. “G rowing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages. Where Water Goes Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation（rain or snow）.